tPCSI$IOpenVMS Alpha POLYCENTER Software Installation Utility Version: V7.1-100a DECAXPVMSDFUV$product DEC AXPVMS DFU V2.4-2 full ;2 software DEC AXPVMS VMS version minimum V6.1 ;v file [SYSEXE]DFU.EXE assemble execute "@pcsi$source:[sysexe]alp_dfulnk.com" assemble uses ([SYSEXE]ALP_DFULNK.COM,E [SYSEXE]DFU_ALP.OBJ,[SYSEXE]ALP_DFULIB.OLB,[SYSEXE]DFU_ALP.OPT) ;% file [SYSHLP]DFUHLP.HLB size 71 ;3 file [SYSHLP]DFUECO2_024.RELEASE_NOTES size 8 ; option TXT_RELNOTES ;$ file [SYSHLP]DFU024.LINE size 357 ; end option ; option PS_RELNOTES ;" file [SYSHLP]DFU024.PS size 534 ; end option ; option BOOK_RELNOTES ;) file [SYSHLP]DFU024.DECW$BOOK size 288 ;, file [SYSHLP]DFU024.DECW$BOOKSHELF size 1 ; end option ; option HTML_RELNOTES ;# file [SYSHLP]DFU024.HTML size 66 ;' file [SYSHLP]DFU024_001.HTML size 68 ;' file [SYSHLP]DFU024_002.HTML size 71 ;& file [SYSHLP]DFU024_003.HTML size 1 ;, file [SYSHLP]DFU024_CONTENTS.HTML size 13 ; end option ; end product ;00 'PRODUCT'1#Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS0TXT_RELNOTES'1Documentation in Text format0 PS_RELNOTES'1"Documentation in PostScript format0BOOK_RELNOTES'1"Documentation in BookReader format0HTML_RELNOTES'1Documentation in HTML format0[SYSEXE]ALP_DFULNK.COM2BOĚ OĚ;$ link/nodebu/notrac/exe=pcsi$destination:[sysexe]dfu.exe -Bpcsi$source:[sysexe]dfu_alp.obj,alp_dfulib.olb/lib,dfu_alp.opt/opt0$ if f$id("dfu_allpriv","name_to_number") .eq. 0$ then$$! Create the dfu_allpriv identifier$ set def sys$system"$ mc authorize add/id dfu_allpriv$ endif$ exit 0[SYSEXE]DFU_ALP.OBJpppWspp>??DFUV1.0 7-FEB-1997 13:31DEC C V5.3-007  $ABS$i&$CODE$} $LITERAL$p $LINK$X$DATA$x$BSS$ $READONLY_ADDR$ $READONLY$KEY_TABSTATUSCIP ORIG_COLLSOUTBUFCTRLCTCHANDISP_IDDISP1_IDROWSCOLLSDISP2_ID STATUS_IDPASTE_IDHELP_IDKEYB_ID SMG$ENABLETRACE_ONTRC DECC$FCLOSEDECC$GXFPRINTF DECC$GXPRINTFDECC$GXSPRINTF DECC$FOPENLIB$GET_FOREIGN LIB$GET_INPUTLIB$PUT_OUTPUT LIB$SIGNAL LIB$SPAWN SYS$ASSIGN SYS$GETJPIW SYS$GETMSG SYS$IDTOASC SYS$PUTMSGSYS$QIOW DFU_TABLES(JP ASTRTN(J REFRESH0J$ PRIM_HAND0JX`$ FATAL_HAND0J(% BRDCST_AST0J" SINGLEMSG0J!PUT_DISP0J ! 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DECC$FREE4A(@, DECC$FREE47GDECC$GXFPRINTF48b#DECC$GXFPRINTF47@DECC$GXFPRINTF48GlSYS$QIOW4Lb#SYS$QIOW4h@lSYS$QIOW4xGSYS$QIOW4b#SYS$QIOW4@SYS$QIOW<  G4SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< (b#P SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< 0@4SMG$CANCEL_INPUT4%8GTDECC$GXSPRINTF4&Hb#P DECC$GXSPRINTF4%P@TDECC$GXSPRINTF47|GDECC$GXFPRINTF48b#P DECC$GXFPRINTF47@DECC$GXFPRINTF4G4SYS$QIOW4b#@SYS$QIOW40@4SYS$QIOW4GSYS$QIOW4b#@SYS$QIOW4@SYS$QIOW<  G SMG$CANCEL_INPUT<  b# SMG$CANCEL_INPUT<  @ SMG$CANCEL_INPUT<u G0 SMG$REPAINT_SCREEN<v$ b# SMG$REPAINT_SCREEN<u, @0 SMG$REPAINT_SCREEN4d!Gt! DECC$STRLENT T 4h!b# DECC$STRLEN4p!@t! DECC$STRLEN4s!G! SMG$PUT_CHARS4t!b# SMG$PUT_CHARS4s!@! SMG$PUT_CHARS4"G(" DECC$STRLEN4"b# DECC$STRLEN4$"@(" DECC$STRLEN4 8"Gp" SMG$PUT_LINE4 L"b# SMG$PUT_LINE4 l"@p" SMG$PUT_LINE4x"G" DECC$GXPRINTF4"b# DECC$GXPRINTF4"@" DECC$GXPRINTF4"G # SYS$GETMSG4"b# SYS$GETMSG4#@ # SYS$GETMSG4@#Gd# SYS$GETMSG4L#b# SYS$GETMSG4`#@d# SYS$GETMSG4%#G#DECC$GXSPRINTF4&#b#0DECC$GXSPRINTF4%#@#DECC$GXSPRINTF4o0$GH$ SYS$PUTMSG4p@${# SYS$PUTMSG4oD$@H$ SYS$PUTMSG4o$G$ SYS$PUTMSG4p$b#X SYS$PUTMSG4o$@$ SYS$PUTMSG47$G$DECC$GXFPRINTF48$b#XDECC$GXFPRINTF47$@$DECC$GXFPRINTF4q$G% LIB$SIGNAL4r$b#X LIB$SIGNAL4q%@% LIB$SIGNAL< h%G%SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< %b#SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< %@%SMG$CANCEL_INPUT<%G%SMG$SET_CURSOR_ABS<%b#SMG$SET_CURSOR_ABS<%@%SMG$SET_CURSOR_ABSD%G%SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED%b#SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED%@%SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED%G&SMG$BEGIN_PASTEBOARD_UPDATED%b#SMG$BEGIN_PASTEBOARD_UPDATED%@&SMG$BEGIN_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE4  &G\& SMG$PUT_LINE4 ,&b# SMG$PUT_LINE4 X&@\& SMG$PUT_LINED`&G&SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGEDh&b#SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED&@&SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED &G&SMG$END_PASTEBOARD_UPDATED&b#SMG$END_PASTEBOARD_UPDATED &@&SMG$END_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE! !=H;%%DFU-I-DUMPDONE, Screen contents saved in DFU_SCREEN.TXT@=@1%%DFU-E-DUMPERR, Error dumping screen contents,x=PE%%DFU-I-SPAWN, Creating subprocess... DFU Tracing ends at %s %s =(%-20s/%d Privileges Disabled = DFU_CHECK_ACCESS=(%-20s/%d Privileges Enabled =s%-20s/%d DFU command --> %.*s DFU Tracing started at %s %s VERIFY : Check and repair disk structure=8) UNDELETE : Recover deleted files=8* SET : Modify file attributes=0$ SEARCH : Fast file search=@3 REPORT : Generate a complete disk reportP=8* DIRECTORY : Manipulate directories=PE DELETE : Delete files by File-ID; delete directory (trees)=0$ DEFRAGMENT : Defragment files=( DFU functions are : =@6 Copyright 1997 DIGITAL Equipment Corporation H=  Freeware Version`=@6 Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.4-2=(< DFU V2.4-2 (Freeware) >=@1%-20s/%d Exception handler called with code %d =(%-20s/%d Command Aborted =0" Current command ABORTING...8=8.%%DFU-E-HELPERR, Error opening help library,h=< DFU Help Screen >P =0 ;=0 ;0(SMG$CHANGE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY;;;`(SMG$CHANGE_PBD_CHARACTERISTICS; SMG$CHANGE_VIEWPORT;=0 (%;=P|  ;(SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGE SMG$CANCEL_INPUT ; ;; SMG$PUT_LINE( SMG$END_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE SMG$SET_CURSOR_ABS(SMG$BEGIN_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE=0 ;=@ ;pSYS$QIOW ;;=0 ;=@ P ; ;=0 !;=0  ; DECC$STRLEN DECC$GXPRINTF=%s =0 ";=@ @ SYS$GETMSG=0 H;=@ SMG$SCROLL_VIEWPORT SMG$GET_VIEWPORT_CHAR; SMG$RING_BELL! DECC$FOPEN= rop=WBH #SMG$PUT_PASTEBOARD= mrs=132= EN.TXTctx=rec;=0 ;=@ %DECC$GXSPRINTF= rfm=varP= rat=crw`x ;p' DECC$FCLOSE=DFU_SCRE=0 ;=P< ()SMG$DISABLE_BROADCAST_TRAPPING+ LIB$SPAWN= DFU_sub$ (-SMG$SAVE_PHYSICAL_SCREEN=[?3h;(/SMG$SET_BROADCAST_TRAPPING=[?3l (1SMG$RESTORE_PHYSICAL_SCREEN=0 p;=@ =0 ;=0 ;= 13:31:09= Feb 7 1997; 3SMG$DELETE_PASTEBOARD5 DECC$EXIT7DECC$GXFPRINTF ;=0P ;= 9 SYS$GETJPIW; DECC$MEMSET= DECC$MALLOC? SYS$IDTOASCA DECC$FREEC DECC$STRNCMP= DFU_ALLPRIVpE CLI$DISPATCH=MAIN(GSMG$CREATE_VIRTUAL_KEYBOARD ISMG$CREATE_KEY_TABLEK CLI$DCL_PARSE7 LIB$GET_INPUT= DFU.TRACEX;=HELP= Statistics= DFU$NOSMGMSMG$ERASE_LINE OSMG$ERASE_DISPLAY=SELECT@Q DECC$GETENV= PREV_SCREEN`(SSMG$PASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY8 OTS$INSV_VOL WSMG$ADD_KEY_DEF=0 ;=@ 7DECC$$SHELL_HANDLER=; YSMG$READ_COMPOSED_LINE([SMG$CREATE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY= NEXT_SCREEN=PF4 ]SMG$LABEL_BORDER=DO0 _SMG$CREATE_PASTEBOARD=DFU> P aLIB$GET_FOREIGNP P=PF2h= SYS$COMMANDc SYS$ASSIGN;7 DFU_TABLES= DFU$TRACE eSMG$ERASE_PASTEBOARD gSMG$SET_CURSOR_MODE iSMG$CREATE_VIEWPORT=08 ;=P 7DECC$$SHELL_HANDLER= kDECC$SET_REENTRANCYm DECC$MAIN=0 #;=   %.*sX=0 `$;=0 o SYS$PUTMSG0;q LIB$SIGNAL= FATAL_HAND=0 $;= =0  !;=0 s SMG$PUT_CHARS=0 X ;=0 ;=0 uSMG$REPAINT_SCREEN=0 ;=   ASTRTN=0 (;=  %.*s   wSMG$PUT_HELP_TEXT(ySMG$UNPASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY({SMG$DELETE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY=dfuhlpDFU  } CLI$PRESENT=0@ ;=p< ;  CLI$GET_VALUE= helpkey@  STR$CONCAT7LIB$PUT_OUTPUT`  LBR$OUTPUT_HELP  ==== =(=0=8=@=H=P=X=`&=h=p=x=====================P =(=0=8=@=H=P= X X66=9 9=)!  DFUDEC C V5.3-007? ?= 4=TRANSFER$BREAK$GOC = 44= main4=80 $_ $_  $_ $_  $_ $_ $_ $_ $_ $_& $_& $_* $_ $_  $_ ?_ A_ B_ B_ @_ B_ @_  D_ G_ G_ E_ C_  I_ H_ G_  D_ @_   Y_ S_ T_ O_ R_ P_ P_  O_  R_ \_ h_ n_ m_ n_ m_ o_ y_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` %` %`$$ $= D4 = # = 4 4= help_command4=jb *`  *` *`  *`  *`  *`  *` *` *`  5` 3` 4` 5` 1` 4` 3` 7` 5` 4` 3` 1` :` :` @` @` @` B` B` B` D`X D` J` O` O` Q` Q` Q` W` #$ $= 4: := 4=   = 4P4= exit_command4=E=< Z`  e` e` i` q`$ $= 4: := 4= 0 = 44= spawn_command4= t` t` t` t` t` t` y` y` ` ` `  `$ $=  4: := X4=  = p404= prev_screenp4=`XW ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `$ $= 4: := ,4=  = H4P4= next_screenH4=g_^ ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `$ $= x4: :=  4=  = (4x 4= dump_actn(4=(  ` ` `$ $= @4: := p4= X = 44= dump_screen4=xw ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` `$$ $= 4: := 4= @ = 44= toggle_width4=C;: ` ` ` ` ` `$$ $= 4: := 4=  = 44=dfu_check_access4=VN ` ` ` `! `! `! `! ` `! ` a a a  a  a a a a a a  a  (a *a ,aD 2a &a 6a 8a 8a 9a<$ $= <4: := 4=   = 44= reset_ctrl4=~ @a  @a  @a  @a  @a  @a  @a  @a  @a  Ra Pa Ra$ Ma $ $= D4: := 4=  = 4P 4= astrtn4=SKJ Wa Wa Wa Wa \a `a `a ba$ $=  4: := 4=  = 4@4= clean_ctrlc4= ea  ea  ea  ea  ea  ea  ea  ea  ea  pa qa pa wa va wa xa $ $=  4: := 4= ( = 4 4= refresh4=910 ~a ~a ~a a a$ $=  4: := @ 4= xz z= X 4 4=strindexX 4= a: := !4=  =  !44= put_status !4=SKJ a a a a a a a a$ $= P!4: := !4=  = !44=put_disp!4=[SR a a a a a a a a$ $= "4: := "4=  = "44= singlemsg"4=phg a  a  a  a  a a  a a a a$$ $= "4: := #4=  = #404= actrtn#4=2*) a a a aM$ $= #4: := $4= h = $44= prim_hand$4=910 a a a a a-$ $= ,$4: := X$4= P = `$4X4= fatal_hand`$4=h`_ a a a a a a a a a a$ $= $4: := %4= . .= (%44= brdcst_ast(%4= a a a a a a a a a a a a a a> a a a a a a a $ $= x%4: := &4= ` `= 44= __main<4: := 4=  =  B0[SYSEXE]ALP_DFULIB.OLBFltk" >% Librarian A09-22k77!XD bDFUMSG DFU_BITMAPp DFU_FILEDIR  DFU_IFSCANlr DFU_TABLESn PARSE_UICd ADD_ITEM ADD_QUOTA ADD_USAGE BUILD_DIR_TABLE CHECK_USAGE CLEANUPCOMPARE_BITMAPpCOMPDIR COPY_FIDp CREATE_DIRpDEFRAG_COMMANDpDELETE_COMMANDpDELETE_DIRECTORYp DELETE_FILE DEV_SCAN DFU$_FACILITY DFU_ASSIGN DFU_EXHFAIL DFU_EXPREG  DFU_HANDLER DFU_INDEXERR DFU_IOERR DFU_NOPRIVpDIRECTORY_COMMAND DISASS_MAP_PTR  DISPLAY_STATpENTER_BACKLINKBITMAPhp ENTER_FILE  FID_TO_NAME FLUSH_CACHE FOLLOW_EXTENTS GET_MAP_POINTERS GET_NEXT_HEADER  MAKE_LIST  MAKE_SYSLOSTpMOVEFILEp MOVE_TO_LBN NEW_BITMAP  OPEN_DEVICE  PARSE_ITEMp PARSE_TREEn PARSE_UIC READ_BITMAP READ_INDEXF_BITMAP READ_INDEXF_MULTIREBUILD_BITMAPLE REPORT_COMMAND REPORT_USAGE SCAN_BITMAPpSCAN_DIRECTORIES SET_BITMAPp SET_COMMANDP DFU_HANDLERENTER_BACKLINKREBUILD_BITMAP VERIFY_HEADERD DFU_INDEXERR DFU_IOERR DFU_NOPRIVlr DFU_TABLESpDIRECTORY_COMMAND DISASS_MAP_PTR  DISPLAY_STAT DO_ABORTpENTER_BACKLINKp REMOVE_FILE REPORT_COMMAND REPORT_LOST_FILES REPORT_USAGE SCAN_BITMAPpSCAN_DIRECTORIES SEARCH_COMMAND SET_BITMAPp SET_COMMANDnUIC_KEYn UIC_STATE  UNDEL_COMMAND VERIFY_COMMAND  VERIFY_HEADER 1"0@@ DFUMSG0 7-FEB-1997 13:33 7-FEB-1997 13:33Message A02-12  $ABS$ MSG$SECTION MSG$AAAAAAAAAAA MSG$AAAAAAAAAAB MSG$AAAAAAAAAACX X02 DFU_NOPRIV0* DFU_INDEXERR0" DFU_IOERR0 DFU_EXPREG0 DFU_EXHFAIL0  DFU_ASSIGN0 DFU$_FACILITYH H=ef44=(`8{` (0H2ASSIGN Error assigning channel to disk,0EXHFAILFailed to setup exit handler,0EXPREGError creating dynamic memory,*IOERRError reading INDEXF.SYS,,INDEXERRError opening INDEXF.SYS,PNOPRIV?No privilege to perform this function (DFU_ALLPRIV not granted)DFU ww1 țV1.0FF DFU_BITMAPV1.0 7-FEB-1997 13:31DEC C V5.3-007  $ABS$i+$CODE$ $LITERAL$h$LINK$$DATA$ $BSS$ $READONLY_ADDR$ $READONLY$CTRLCLBNSTARTLBNCOUNTCLUSTERTRIGGERTRACE_ONOUTBUFTRCDECC$GXFPRINTFDECC$GXSPRINTF SYS$DELTVA SYS$EXPREGSYS$FAOSYS$QIOW DFU_EXPREG0J FLUSH_CACHE DECC$MEMSET0J>! READ_BITMAPPUT_DISP SINGLEMSG0J SCAN_BITMAPLIB$FFSLIB$FFC0JP NEW_BITMAPDISASS_MAP_PTR LIB$EXTZVLIB$INSVCOPY_FIDSOR$RELEASE_REC DECC$MALLOC0J`h  SET_BITMAP0JREBUILD_BITMAPLIB$EXTV DECC$MEMCPY"STRINDEX0JCOMPARE_BITMAP0JP ADD_USAGE0J0 ADD_QUOTA0J  REPORT_USAGE0Jh& CHECK_USAGE OTS$DIV_I OTS$DIV_UI =#G~G^tG^ ~(0G @[#GG=H{C G@Zk?$0BtG8b vHC@$3@^GGG#G G(G@Zk(bGhPBN@cGGXbG``"@ZkG]G] }(0@#k#tG~^^ ~(08޴@HG#[GG  {GG GGCGG@Zk?$! !#HB Hb8?&@&1"D'G"CC G(GTGGGG@ZkG'%v H"1"CG$7HBƠ' CTGbC޴GG 4G(GGG@ZkG%vH$ C BTG(b@ZkBGb@ZkBGbGTG@ZkG]]G }(08ݤ@HP#k@#1 "~8^!D@^GH~PX`޴hpx>^~޵G[J#GG }G=G{$C(GGG@Zk G B(bGTG@ZkGCGGGb#G_0B8b GGGGG G(GG@Zk `B]!bCCGtG@ZkGG G,@0@4D0B%G`HG`@ 1`D%HGLG֤HC4DG]G2@] G B"(bCCCGG@ZkG A 0AAB@ 0@bPBPBPBG@Zk AG0A A0AOG0 G]G0@08G=9@= 4BG @BCHbCCGG@ZkG0AA A4G8G1 A]$JBG}1 JG*B*B3B$$B(,ݢ9`I`J@9*CB,ݲhB$C `b"PB7Ox{#CXbGL&@Zk@+`I G*jA DA4]A?BCbCGtG@Zk $]4G(0},}4ݠdeǰG8]@]H}PX`ݤhpx=]}ݥ#k0#G~ H^P^X~`hp޴x>^~޵GpG0>G0~!A4^4G8;#h G(.8"J(/:{#8D[/K[K ^<`> C(@@( B'BC0TGb@Zk" B4=b@ZkB4=G'bG@Zk@8H*1B"K*#UE@B0CJEɲF"D11@!KF HF @`G 0 CG0 @_#DCC]ZG0@JQG0BDvD 7H5DCG@<"}G@B @Hb13B3@BvB0`B @1D}CCCtG@Zk BCbCCCG@ZkxGG@ 1@ @q@BCHbCCtG@Zk8D 4=` 4GLA/1 @O4=0@N/1BJG8`E8}F@ G0AX`F B`(bȱB GtG@Zk0BC8bGTG(@Zk2G=4G I@BsIHb"L. I,.xIGR LJQ,JTF3FL>,>G E..W JVJFF>>4G@Zk ,. . Hr HQ ,JP J3FF ,> > J E .ݢU J F C "BCbCCCG@Zk=0@@!1 @0@ @?=@ @V_8`E8 G0 BAXF(b BȱG tG@Zk0B8bCGTG@Zk =4G I@BgIHb!, I,pI4GF HEHDD<<G E,, ,A -H@ H1DD,< <)G@Zk ,-, He HI ,IDH &ED ,=<H E L-J LI D C(@ BGH]P]X}`hpݤx=]}ݥ#k"G_2DBG_Z#G3dBGB#45B~ ^G(^0~8@H޴PX`>hGGP`0[3rB8{C0`BG@Zk0BG8bGG@ZkB"$1@F"DJ? J0BDD#@!D#DF "G21@GJFC @*@rF0B 0B#D?cC{G}0@@J*pGcG;`G0@B]5B(bD2E:@F0@C07H5D]? 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DECC$MEMSET4!b# DECC$MEMSET4!@! DECC$MEMSET4!b#SYS$QIOW4!G "SYS$QIOW4"@ "SYS$QIOW4 <"Gd"DECC$GXSPRINTF4 @"b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 `"@d"DECC$GXSPRINTF4Td"Gt"PUT_DISP4h"b#PUT_DISP4p"@t"PUT_DISP4x"G"DECC$GXFPRINTF4"b#DECC$GXFPRINTF4"@"DECC$GXFPRINTF4 "G"DECC$GXSPRINTF4 "b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 "@"DECC$GXSPRINTF4"G"PUT_DISPU4"b#PUT_DISP4"@"PUT_DISP4"G"DECC$GXFPRINTF4"b#DECC$GXFPRINTF4"@"DECC$GXFPRINTF4 #G#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 #b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 #@#DECC$GXSPRINTF4#G(#PUT_DISP4 #b#VPUT_DISP4$#@(#PUT_DISP4,#GH#DECC$GXFPRINTF40#b#DECC$GXFPRINTF4D#@H#DECC$GXFPRINTF4 P#Gd#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 X#b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 `#@d#DECC$GXSPRINTF4d#Gt#PUT_DISP4h#b#PUT_DISP4p#W@t#PUT_DISP4x#G#DECC$GXFPRINTF4#b#DECC$GXFPRINTF4#@#DECC$GXFPRINTF, #G$SYS$FAO, #b#SYS$FAO, #@$SYS$FAO4 $G$ SINGLEMSG4$b# SINGLEMSG4 $@$ SINGLEMSG40$G$XSYS$QIOW4D$b#SYS$QIOW4$@$SYS$QIOW, %G%SYS$FAO, %b#SYS$FAO, %@%SYS$FAO4 %G% SINGLEMSG4%b# SINGLEMSG4 %@% SINGLEMSG4%G%DECC$GXFPRINTF4%b#DECC$YGXFPRINTF4%@%DECC$GXFPRINTF4%G &PUT_DISP4%b#PUT_DISP4&@ &PUT_DISP4&G(' DECC$MEMSET4'b# DECC$MEMSET4$'@(' DECC$MEMSET40'G'SYS$QIOW4<'b#SYS$QIOW4'@Z'SYS$QIOW4 'G'DECC$GXSPRINTF4 'b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 '@'DECC$GXSPRINTF4'G'PUT_DISP4'b#PUT_DISP4'@'PUT_DISP4(G (DECC$GXFPRINTF4(b#DECC$GXFPRINTF4(@ (DECC$GXFPRINTFh h4[<(b#SYS$QIOW4(G(SYS$QIOW4(@(SYS$QIOW, H)GX)SYS$FAO, P)b#SYS$FAO, T)@X)SYS$FAO4 h)G)DECC$GXSPRINTF4 x)b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 )@)DECC$GXSPRINTF4)G)PUT_DISP4)\b#PUT_DISP4)@)PUT_DISP4)G)DECC$GXFPRINTF4)b#DECC$GXFPRINTF4)@)DECC$GXFPRINTF4)GD*SYS$QIOW4)b#SYS$QIOW4@*@D*SYS$QIOW4 x*G*DECC$GXSPRINTF4 *b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4] *@*DECC$GXSPRINTF4*G*PUT_DISP4*b#PUT_DISP4*@*PUT_DISP4*G*DECC$GXFPRINTF4*b#DECC$GXFPRINTF4*@*DECC$GXFPRINTF =(%-20s/%d , ACP status = %d  =@1%%DFU-S-REBQUOTA, QUOTA.SYS succesfully rebuild^X=PF%%DFU-W-QUOTAERR, %.*s has %d blocks used, QUOTA indicates %d blocks=8)%%DFU-I-CHKQUOTA, Checking QUOTA.SYS...=XN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- =H< Identifier/UIC Used/Allocated Headers`=H9 ***** Disk Usage Table (from INDEXF.SYS) *****=XN Ident>_ifier/UIC Used/Allocated Headers Quota Used/Perm=PE ***** Disk Usage Table (from INDEXF.SYS and QUOTA.SYS) *****8=H?!30AS!9UL/!9!6UL!30AS!9UL/!9!6UL !9UL/!9x=8)%%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota...=XO%%DFU-E-READERR, Error reading bitmap,%%DFU-E-BITMAP, Error opening bitmap,=@3%%DFU-S-RBDBITMAP, BITMAP.SY`S succesfully rebuild0=8.%%DFU-E-RBDBMAP, Error rewriting BITMAP.SYS,`=XI%%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN %d through %d incorrectly marked allocated=PD%%DFU-E-ALLOCSET, blocks LBN %d through %d incorrectly marked free=8+%%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS...(=XI%%DFU-E-MULTALLOC, file %.*s blocks LBN %d through %d already allocatedxa='%-20s/%d Hole : %d at LBN %d  =0 ;=@ ; ;SYS$QIOW DECC$MEMSETDECC$GXFPRINTF;;= FLUSH_CACHE=00 h&;= ;PUT_DISP DECC$GXSPRINTF=%s b=!%I SYS$FAO;=0P  ;=  %*s   SINGLEMSG=0 ;=` =0 ;=0 h ;=p LIB$INSV OTS$DIV_I=0 ;=P =0h ;=c  SYS$DELTVA LIB$EXTZV SYS$EXPREG7 DFU_EXPREG=0 ;=0 @ DECC$MEMCPY ; ; OTS$DIV_UISTRINDEX= LIB$EXTV!DISASS_MAP_PTR=0H P;= #COPY_FID %SOR$RELEASE_REC'd DECC$MALLOC=08 ;= )LIB$FFS=@+LIB$FFC= SCAN_BITMAP` ;@ @=0(' DFU_BITMAPDEC C V5.3-007 = 44= flush_cache4= @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @e @ @ @$ $= D4: := 4=   = 44= read_bitmap4= @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @  @  @ @  @  A A $ $= 4: := 4= * *= f44= scan_bitmap4= A A A A +A A A A 3A BA =A >A ?A DA HA FA FA FA OA XA VA WA jA uA wA nA  A A A A A A A A A A3 MADg A A AL$ $= 4: := 4= 8> >= P44= new_bitmapP4= A, A6 A, A0 A A7 A2 A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Ah A A A A A A A A A A A A A B B B B B B B B B B B B$ A# A# A# A& A8 $B )B %B %B 'B (B 0B /B@ 0B 0B 0B 3B AbL A$ $= 4: :=i  4= m m= h 4`4= set_bitmaph 4= OB ;B ;B XB NB  YB [B [B [B _B [B \B \B aB \By \B fB gB hB jB jB lB mB dB 4 `B \B $ $=  4: := 4= j = 44=rebuild_bitmap4=(  tB B tB B B B B B B  B B B B B B B B B B B B  B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B kB B B B B B B B B B9 B B BXL B$ $= 4: := 4= ( = 44=compare_bitmap4=-% B B B B B B B C C C C C Cl 'C &C 'C %C &C /C 8C :C :C >C @C IC KC QC YC bC eC eC dC jC 5C -C *CJ xC xC }C C C C C C C C C CP$ $= 04: := 4=m @ = 4P4= add_usage4=med C C C C C  C C C C: := 4= b b= 404= add_quota4= C C C C C C C C C C C C nC C Cr C  C C C C C C C C C C0$ $= (4: := x 4=  =  44= report_usage 4=sk D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D Do "D D D D D  "D D D D  'D %D %D  (D 'D .D .D &D *D )D 0D 6D 1D 1D 4D 1D PD UD UD VD UD VD ]D ]D ^D ^D ]D ]D_ ]D dD dD4 dD dD dD dD iD LD! LD#<$ $= p!4: :=p ,&4=  = h&44= check_usageh&4=PH rD rD rD rD rD rD! rD D D rD rD rD rD! 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SINGLEMSG4b# SINGLEMSG4@ SINGLEMSG4GDECC$GXSPRINTF4b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4@DECC$GXSPRINTF4 GPUT_DISP4b#PUT_DISP4  @PUT_DISP4/4Gl SYS$ASSIGN40<b# SYS$ASSIGN4/h@l SYS$ASSIGN45xG FLUSH_CACHE46b# FLUSH_CACHE45@ FLUSH_CACHE4 G0SYS$QIOW4 b#SYS$QIOW4 ,@0SYS$QIOW4 @GSYS$QIOW4 Lb#SYS$QIOW4 @SYS$QIOW4 G<SYS$QIOW4 b#SYS$QIOW4 8@<SYS$QIOW41G SYS$GETDVIW42b# SYS$GETDVIW41@ SYS$GETDVIW43G4 DECC$STRCPY44b# DECC$STRCPY 430@4 DECC$STRCPY41G SYS$GETDVIW42b# SYS$GETDVIW41@ SYS$GETDVIW4'G DECC$STRNCPY4(b# DECC$STRNCPY4'|@ DECC$STRNCPY4G SINGLEMSG4b# SINGLEMSG4@ SINGLEMSG4G SINGLEMSG4b# SINGLEMSG4@ SINGLEMSG4G SINGLEMSG4b# SINGLEMSG4@ SINGLEMSG4G0DECC$GXSPRINTF4$b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4,@0DECC$GXSPRINTF4 0G@PUT_DISP48b#PUT_DISP4 <@@PUT_DISP4G SINGLEMSG4b# SINGLEMSG4@ SINGLEMSG4GDECC$GXSPRINTF4b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4@DECC$GXSPRINTF4 GPUT_DISP4b#PUT_DISP4 @PUT_DISP4 GSYS$QIOW4 b#SYS$QIOW4 @SYS$QIOW,#hGLIB$FFC,$pb#LIB$FFC,#@LIB$FFC4%xG LIB$EXTZV4&b# LIB$EXTZV4%@ LIB$EXTZV4G LIB$GET_EF4b# LIB$GET_EF4@ 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GL OTS$DIV_UI4"@b#` OTS$DIV_UI4!H@L OTS$DIV_UI 4LGdDECC$GXSPRINTF4Pb#`DECC$GXSPRINTF4`@dDECC$GXSPRINTF4dGx PUT_STATUS4hb#` PUT_STATUS4t@x PUT_STATUS4<Gd DECC$FCLOSE4\b# DECC$FCLOSE4`@d DECC$FCLOSE4hG SOR$END_SORT4pb# SOR$END_SORT4|> @ SOR$END_SORT4G LIB$FREE_EF4b# LIB$FREE_EF4@ LIB$FREE_EF4 G$SYS$QIOW4 b#SYS$QIOW4  @$SYS$QIOW4 (G< SYS$DASSGN4 0b# SYS$DASSGN4 8@< SYS$DASSGN 4 @GSYS$QIOW4 Hb#SYS$QIOW4 @SYS$QIOW4 G SYS$DASSGN4 b# SYS$DASSGN4 @ SYS$DASSGN4G SYS$CANEXH4b# SYS$CANEXH4@ SYS$CANEXH4 G< S YS$DELTVA4(b# SYS$DELTVA48@< SYS$DELTVA4@Gd SYS$DELTVA4Hb# SYS$DELTVA4`@d SYS$DELTVA4 GSYS$QIOW4 b# SYS$QIOW4 @SYS$QIOW4GDECC$GXSPRINTF4b#  DECC$GXSPRINTF4@DECC$GXSPRINTF4 GPUT_DISP4b# PUT_DISP4 @PUT_DISP4G SINGLEMSG4b#  SINGLEMSG4@ SINGLEMSG4G4 DECC$MEMSET4(b# DECC$MEMSET4 0@4 DECC$MEMSET4 <GSYS$QIOW4 Db#SYS$QIOW4 @SYS$QIOW4GDECC$GXSPRINTF4b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4@DECC$GXSPRINTF4 GPUT_DISP4b#PUT_DISP4 @PUT_DISP4 G SYS$DASSGN4 b# SYS$DASSGN4 @ SYS$DASSGN =0!%%DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlocked(=@2%%DFU-E-READERR, Error reading extension header,`=8*%%DFU-E-GETEF, Error getting event flag,=r Progress : %3d%% Status : Scanning INDEXF.SYS%%DFU-E-NOVOLSET, One or more volume set members missing=8+%%DFU-NOTODS2, Device is not an ODS2 disk8=8)%%DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now write lockedh=h]%%DFU-E-LOCKERR, Error locking volume,%%DFU-F-TOOMANYVOL, DFU does not allow > 32 volumes=H9%%DFU-E-NOTF11, Device does not have an ODS2 filesystem=8-%%DFU-E-NODISK, Device is not a disk device8=h[%%DFU-E-NOTMNT, Device is not mounted or not available%-20s/%d , Device %.*s, Error %d =8,%%DFU-E-NOTUNIQ, Device name is not unique=XL%-20s/%d Qio Error %d %%DFU-E-PARSEERR, Value must be a positive integer=( H<(8=@2 %%DFU-W-ABORTED , command interrupted by CTRL/Cp=`U%%DFU-S-DONE, Directories scanned : %d%%DFU-I-DIRSCAN, Scanning %d directories...=8* Progress : 100%% Status : READY=PB%%DFU-I-INDSCAN, Making directory table for %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d@=%%DFU-I-INDSCAN, Making directory table for %.*s (%s) %%DFU-W-LOSTHDR3, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s found in invalid directory (%d,%d,%d) %.*s=`W%%DFU-W-LOSTHDR2, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s in directory with bad backlink (%d,%d,%d) %.*s(=PA%%DFU-W-LOSTHDR4, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s not found in a directoryp=PG%%DFU-W-LOSTHDR1, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s found in nonexistent directory=8-%%DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files...=@7%%DFU-E-MKLOST, Error creating/accessing SYSLOST.DIR, =0& %%DFU-I-READY, VERIFY command readyH=0%%%DFU-E-NOTREM, File %s not removedp=0"%%DFU-S-REMOVED, File %s removed=0'%%DFU-E-NOTENTER, File %s not entered=0#%%DFU-S-MFDFIX, %s backlink fixed=0"%%DFU-I-REPAIR, Fixing errors...=H9 Progress : 0%% Status : Processing QUOTA.SYSP=H: Progress : 0%% Status : Processing BITMAP.SYS=@1%%DFU-E-REBIFMAP, Indexf Bitmap rebuild failed,=8,%%DFU-S-REBIFMAP, Indexfile bitmap rebuild=h\ blocks LBN %d through %d multiple allocated%%DFU-E-MULTALLOC, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s , X=8)%%DFU-E-SORTERR, Error sorting output, =H9%%DFU-W-MULTFND, reporting multiple allocated blocks...=PC%%DFU-E-SLFBAKFID, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s backlink points to itself =H>%%DFU-E-INVBAKFID, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s has invalid backlinkP =@4%%DFU-W-NOOWNER, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s has no owner =PF%%DFU-W-NOBITSET, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s Index File bitmap bit not set =xj%%DFU-W-BADMFDLNK, directory %.*s has backlink to 000000.DIR on RVN %d%-20s/%d Previous %d, f_link %d @ =PA%%DFU-W-BADBLOCK, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s has suspected bad blocks =H:%%DFU-W-LOCKED, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s is deaccess locked  =A9%%DFU-W-DELETED, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s marked for delete  =%%DFU-W-NOBITCLR, file (%d,%d,%d) deleted file header marked BUSY in Index File bitmap%%DFU-E-ERRHOME, Home block info not OK =8.%%DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK =`V%%DFU-I-VERIFY, Verifying %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d%%DFU-I-VERIFY, Verifying %.*s (%s)  =%%DFU-W-WRITELK, Cannot rebuild or lock on write-locked device %%DFU-I-READY, UNDELETE command ready %%DFU-S-FND , %d recoverable files found =H9- Use ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR to move the file to [SYSLOST] =@5%%DFU-E-NOTENTER, File %s not entered in directory,( =@1%%DFU-I-ENTER, Entering file(s) in directory...` =8-%%DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recovered =8.%%DFU-E-INDEXFERR, Error writing INDEXF.SYS, =@4%%DFU-E-BADEXTHDR, Extension header linkage broken =h^- Use ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR to repair the volume%%DFU-E-BITMAPERR, Error writing BITMAP.SYS,X=8,%%DFU-E-NOTUNDEL, File cannot be undeleted=(Recoverable file %s%s found =@5%%DFU-I-UNDEL, Start search on %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d=8*%%DFU-I-UNDEL, Start search on %.*s (%s)=hY%%DFU-E-NOTUNDEL, File undeletes not possible,%%DFU-I-READBMAP, Reading BITMAP.SYS...p=PA%%DFU-E-ERASED, Cannot undelete ; erase-on-delete set on device=H9%%DFU-E-WRITELK, Cannot undelete on write-locked device=8)%%DFU-E-INVID, Wrong uic or identifier,(=0"Recover this file ? (Y/N) [N] : P=0& %%DFU-I-READY, REPORT command readyx=@3 Free space distribution; each * = %d free blocks=XJ LBN: 0 %d=XN ----------------------------------------------------------------------P=~ %%free---------------------------------------------------------------------- Free space fragmentation index : %.3f %s=8) Average extent size (rounded) : %d=H< Largest free extent : %d blocks at LBN: %d@=8) Total free extents : %dp=8) Percentage free (rounded) : %d=8) Total free blocks : %d=8) Total blocks on disk  : %d=H; ***** Free space statistics (from BITMAP.SYS) *****@=8+ %s%.*s ( %d/%d blocks; %d fragments) p=0& Most fragmented file : =8) Average size per fragment : %d=8. File fragmentation index : %.3f %s=8+ Average fragments per file : %.3f(=8) Total fragments : %dX=8- Total used/ allocated size : %d /%d=8) Contiguous files : %d=8) Directory files : %d=H< Files marked for delete : %d, size %d/%d blocks(=8) Files marked for delete : %dX=8) Files with extension headers : %d=8) Files with allocation : %d=1) Empty files : %dw w =8) Total files : %d=u INDEXF.SYS fragments/ map_in_use : %d /%d words ( %d%% used) ***** File Statistics (from INDEXF.SYS) *****=8* Free headers : %d =8) First header VBN : %d=8) Header count : %d =8) Maximum # files : %dP=8) Cluster size : %d=8, Structure name : %.12s=8, Volume owner : %.12s=8, Volume name : %.12s =H: ***** Volume info for %.*s (from HOME block) *****P=@4%%DFU-I-REPORT, Reporting on %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d =8)%%DFU-I-REPORT, Reporting on %.*s (%s) =PA%%DFU-S-FND , Files found : %d, Size : %d/%d, Hdr/Frag : %d/%d =8/%%DFU-S-FND , Files found : %d, Size : %d/%d 0=(%%DFU-I-SORT, Sorting ... P!=H= %%DFU-I-EOF, End of file INDEXF.SYS, Primary headers : %d = = =0'Size : %d/%d, Revision count : %d=8,VBN : %d , File ID (%d,%d,%d) , UIC : %.*s=8*Directory: %.*s , Backlink ID (%d,%d,%d)H=@2%%DFU-E-READERR, Error reading backlink header, =@5"%%DFU-E-FIDTOOBIG, File id specified > max file id =(Available headers : %d =(First header VBN : %d=(Header count : %d=(Maximum # files : %d8=(Cluster size : %dX=(Structure name : %.12sx=(Volume owner : %.12s=(# Volume name : %.12s=@7%%DFU-I-SEARCH, Start search on %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d =8,%%DFU-I-SEARCH, Start search on %.*s (%s)  =8/%%DFU-E-SIZEERR, Minimum size > maximum size P=#!#AS!9UL/!9!4UL/!UL =0 ;=   %.*s (;;@$DECC$GXSPRINTF DECC$GXPRINTF= %.*s p PUT_STATUS=0 ;=0 ;=0 ;\; DECC$MEMSET SYS$QIOW; SYS$DASSGN PUT_DISP=0 ;=0 ;=P  SINGLEMSG=0 %`;;;=0 ;=0 ;=0 ;=@|  SYS$DELTVA SOR$END_SORT DECC$FCLOSE SYS$CANEXH LIB$FREE_EF=0 H;=P ;0 LIB$GET_EF7 DFU_IOERRPSYS$QIO=&0 H;=0  ; SYS$WAITFR! OTS$DIV_UI=0( ;= #LIB$FFC% LIB$EXTZV==0H P;=p  ' DECC$STRNCPY) DECC$STRLEN +SYS$DEVICE_SCAN-DECC$GXFPRINTF7 DFU_INDEXERR;';/ SYS$ASSIGN;=0 p;=` 1 SYS$GETDVIW3 DECC$STRCPY7 DFU_ASSIGN= 5 FLUSH_CACHE= OPEN_DEVICE=0h ;= 7 DECC$STRCAT9STRINDEX; DECC$MEMCPY= FID_TO_NAMEp8>(;=[= DECC$STRSTR=[]=0@ X;= ? CLI$GET_VALUEA DECC$ATOIC CLI$PRESENT=;E PARSE_UICG SYS$BINTIM=;*(=0 ;=0 =0( h;=?  ); ISMG$SET_CURSOR_MODE;=:K SYS$EXPREG7 DFU_EXPREG=.DIR;1 MSCAN_DIRECTORIES=0 hO;=0  ;;O DECC$MALLOC=0 P;= ` %s (=00 @v;=0(p| DIR;1SYSLOST.Q ADD_USAGE* ;SLIB$FFSULIB$INIT_TIMERW SYS$DCLEXHY CHECK_USAGE;[SOR$BEGIN_SORT ]LIB$FID_TO_NAME_ DECC$FOPEN= deviceoutfile=fix = rebuild0= dirscan@= mrs=255P= rop=WBH+`= SYS$OUTPUT:p=appenda DELETE_FILEcSOR$RETURN_RECe DECC$FREE=0; z;= < g ENTER_FILEi NEW_BITMAPkLIB$INSVm REMOVE_FILE=a = rat=crctx=rec0= rfm=var@7 DFU_NOPRIV=  w,X=lock`= statisticspoSOR$SORT_MERGE ;qCOMPARE_BITMAPsLIB$SHOW_TIMERuENTER_BACKLINK7 DFU_EXHFAIL;w SET_BITMAP= VERIFY_COMMAND.DIR; y READ_BITMAP{ ADD_QUOTA;= unmarkSYS$OUTPUT@ = noconfirmP -=uic` }REBUILD_BITMAP;=0` P;=  ] =  SMG$READ_COMPOSED_LINE=ident =file =list  DECC$STRNCMP= [000000 =Y =*.*;* STR$MATCH_WIL.D= %3d |%.*s|0 =%s@  SCAN_BITMAP= novolume` =graphh =usagep = (excellent)  = (poor)  = (good)   OTS$DIV_I=0= H-;=0"= @A (fair)  =@Anobitmap/  REPORT_USAGE= nofileC ;= B0 = badacldirectoryH =(markedlockedbak_sinceh = exp_sincex = nobackup =erase =@1Revised : %.*sExpired : %.*sBackup : %.*s  =Filename: %s 0= nomoveisshelved  DECC$ATOL= multiple =fid = novolset( = summary8 =!#AS!9UL/!ULH = allocatedX = bakfidnosearchp = bak_none = cre_before = mod_before1 = fragment = retr_min =home = vers_min = size_max  SYS$ASCTIM=08% H;=% LIB$SUBXSYS$FAO= size_minP =sortX =(version_numberretr_maxx = cr2e_since = mod_since = vers_max = exp_none = formatlbn = !%I (!%U) = exclude =placedfull =over; SOR$RELEASE_REC= scratch0= nosh3elvable@=Backup : %s P= X=(Created : %.*sExpired : %sx=or= besttry= bak_before= exp_before= badblockk k= nocharge= contiguous=spoolm m4==== =(=0=8=.\4666=`4= `4=`4=5`4666= 000000.DIR;1$ $= @ @=0(' DFU_IFSCANDEC C V5.3-007 = 44= display_stat4=H@? l l l l l l$ $= $4: := 4=  = 64(4=do_abort4=+#" l l l$ $= 4: := ,4=  = H4 4=search_commandH4=WO l+ l* l- l+ l* l- l. l. l l* l l  l l l l! l  l7 l l l l l l l l l l l l+ l l l l l l l l l l m m m m #m 1m 3m 5m 7m 9m ;m =m ?m Am Cm Gm Fm Om Sm Rm8 [m \m ]m ^m _m `m am bm cm dm fm hm im jm km lm mm nm om pm qm rm sm tm um vm wm xm ym zm |m }m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m9 m m m  m m  m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m m n n n n n n n n] n n n n n n n n n n: n n n n n n n n !n 'n )n +n ,n 1n .n  7n 8n 8n =n 8n =n :n n >n =n n ?n >n Bn# In On On On Pn On On Pn On Pn Pn Wn ]n _n `n; fn hn in pn rn sn rn rn xn |n n n n n n n  n n n n n n n n  n n  n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n <n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n o o o o o o o o o o o o oR oR o o o oL oL "o )o 'o (o 'o )o= (o 'o *o )o (o )o -o /o /o /o /o 1o /o 1o 3o 3o 2o 2o 1o 3o 1o 3o 5o 2o 1o 4o 2o 4o 2o 3o 4o 3o 7o :o 9o 9o :o :o ;o :o >o >o Ao Co Co Fo Ho Ho Ho Ho Ho Ho Jo Lo Qo Qo To> Wo Wo Wo Wo Wo Wo Yo [o `o `o co no no po yo vo vo xo n~ =yx o o o o o o o oL$ $= 4: := ,4= ,| | = H-4 4=?report_commandH-4= o  o  o o o o o( o o o  o  o o o o o  o o  o o o  o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o p p p p p p p p @p p p p p p p p p 0p .p /p *p  )p  (p 'p &p %p $p "p 7p 7p 7p 7p ;p ;p ;p ?p ?p ?p Cp Cp Cp Gp Gp Gp Gp Kp Kp Kp Kp Op Op Op Op Sp Sp Sp Sp ^p bp bp bp cpA cp cp ep ep ip ip kp np pp wp vp up wp up up up up vp up vp vp |p p {p p |p |p {p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p pB p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p q q q q q q q q q q q q q q qC q q q q q q q q q q q q %q #q &q %q %q %q %q &q +q ,q +q +q +q 0q 2q 2q 2q 2q 4q 7q 9q :q 9q >q Bq Bq Bq Cq Dq Iq Kq Rq Nq Nq Rq Qq Tq Xq Zq Zq Zq ZDq Zq Zq8 Zq$ Yq Yq Yq [q [q Yq( Vq  bq cq bq fq fq hq fq gq fq kq kq kq kq wq wq yq ~q ]pR[ q q q q q qT$ $= -4: := O4=  " = hO44=E make_listhO4=[SR q q q q  q q q q $ $= O4: := `P4=  = P4x 4= undel_commandP4=UM q( q) q( q) q' q' q+ q+ q& q& q2 q' q& q( q q q Fq q q q q q q q  q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q q r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r !r )r )r 2r 0r 2r 0r>G >r r v >v >v Av Bv Av Jv Fv Gv HvT Hv Hv Jv Vv Vv Vv Vv Vv Zv \v gv ev ev gv ev ev gv gv gv gv iv pv pv pv pv pv pv sv vv vv xv v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v vU v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v v  v v  v  v v vV v v v v v v w w w w w w w w܄ w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w !w /w 5w 5w 6w 5w 5w @w @w @w @w Bw Bw Gw MwW Qw Ww Xw = Ww ^w ^w ^w ^w u  vl  ew gw gw gw kw qw {w xw xw yw w w ~w w w w w  w w w w< w w w w w w w w w w w wX w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w wY w w w w w w wj w w w w w w w w w w waL v$ $= z4: := Ц4= H- = P44=report_lost_filesP4= x x x x x x x x x Zx x{ !x !x %x (x (x (x ,x /x 5x ;x =x x" ?x ?x Cx x( Fx Gx Gx  Rx  Rx  Rx ox rx xU sx܄ vx qx x] zx zx zx yx zx }x Tx x7 Tx Tx Xx \x \x \x \x \x [x \x( xB `x _x[ xG dx dx fx ex ex ex x xK ix ix ix  x  x  x x x x xj x x x x x x xr x x x x x x x x #x{ xL x$ $= ԧ4: := 4=  : := h4H4=build_\dir_tableh4= x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x  x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x  x x x x x y] y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y 'y &y 1y 9y :y 9y @y @y @y xI Gy Ky Ky Ry Ry< Ry Ry Ry Wy Yy/ Xy \yD y'$^ $= 4: := 4=  : := X44= parse_itemX4= gy gy gy gy gy gy wy gy xy gy gy {y |y ~y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y_ y y y)0 y y yF y y y y y y$ $= Խ4: := 4= pl l= 44= fid_to_name4= y y y y y y y y y y y y z|` z z z z z z z z z )z8$ $=  4: := 4= 1 1= P44=dev_scanP4= 0z 0z 0z  0z 0z 8z 0z ;z =z >z Az Bz Bz Fz@ Jz Jz Jz Kza Nz Nz$$ $= 4: := L4=   = p44= open_devicep4= Uz Uz Uz oz Uz oz Uz pz sz tz xz tz yz yz {z zz z z z z z z z z z zb z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z z { { { { { { { { { {) {  ){ ){ {  !{ ){ ){c ;{ +{ ,{ :{ :{ :{ ;{ ={ D{ >{ E{ F{ E{ F{ I{ O{ O{ O{ O{ P{ U{ V{  [{ \{ d{ d{k d{ d{ e{ d{ d{ m{ { {;P @{ $ $= 4: := P4=   = 4d4= read_indexf_bitmap4=PH u{ u{ u{ u{ u{  u{  u{  { { { { {  { { { { {  { { { { { { { { { { {D { { { { {4$ $= x4: := 4= e8 = H44=read_indexf_multiH4= { { { { { { { { { { { { {0 {  $ $= 4: := 4= X X= H4`4=get_next_headerH4= {  {  {>f { { | | | | | | | | | | | | |+ | | !| | !| !| !| | !| !| $| -| -| 0| 5| 8| 8| 9| 8| <|_ <| >| >| >| >| D| I| O|$$ $= x4: :=g 4= Z Z= 44= cleanup4= U|  U| U|  ]| U|  ]| b| g| h| h|  p| m|  p|l s| t| t| {| n| | | | | |($ $= P4: := x4=  = h44=copy_fid4=G?> | | | | | | |: := 4= ( = 4p4= verify_header4=kcb | |  | |  | | | | | | | = , 44i484X4x4444=  ` `= 44=get_map_pointers4= | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |g | | | | |  | |  |  | | |vj v= 44<4X4= xM M= `4P4=disass_map_ptr`4= | | } } } } } } } | | | | | | |Y | | | | | | |  | | |v v= d4k4d44= 0i i= 4 4=follow_extents4= } } } } }  } } }  } } } } } }q } } } } } } } } }  }  }0 }$ $= 4: := Xl4= P = 44= dfu_handler4= 0}  0}  0}  0}  0}  0}  =} B} ?} ?} @} @} @} $ $=  4: := 4=  = 44=add_item4= Q} Q}: m := 4=  =  Jww1w0-044 DFU_TABLES0-0 7-FEB-1997 13:33//OpenVMS Command Definition Utility A05-138 8S Co0 DFU_TABLES S Co* CLI$TABLES  =H*4DEFRDELEDIREEXITHELPREPOSEARSETSPAWUNDEVERI4 |0x`  n%8&0(<=` (DEFRAGDEFRAG_COMMAND,q&!P1WhatFILE,%=DEVICEDEVICE0@&BESTTRYBESTTRY4t) WRITECHECK WRITECHECK4=) STATISTICS STATISTICS("LBNLBN0&MAXSIZEMAXSIZE=0'NOVOLSETNOVOLSET<lo (DELETEDELETE_COMMAND0=!(P1DEVICEDevice0q&FILE_IDFILE_ID4( DIRECTORY DIRECTORY=00'NOREMOVENOREMOVE,\$NOLOGNOLOG(#TREE=TREE4) STATISTICS STATISTICS(#KEEPKEEP(P=   p8D  `l \ D= , DIRECTORYDIRECTORY_COMMAND,!!P1 DIRECTORY,=%DEVICEDEVICE,@%CREATECREATE0p'COMPRESSCOMPRESS4=) STATISTICS STATISTICS0%OUTPUTOUTFILE,%FORMATFORMAT=q((#TESTTEST,T$EMPTYEMPTY, $CHECKCHECK=, $ALIASALIAS( #DUMPDUMP, %REPAIRREPAIR=00 'ALLOCATEALLOCATE4d'0TRUNCATETRUNCATE00*= FILL_FACTORRATIO0&VERSIONVERSIONH @ r` $ L t = , (  4 @Xdp|  @  =  @    @= ( 0 < H T  @ T p |  =  0 s @ d  @=   4 @  \ h (  = T    T  =    < H  T < (=EXIT EXIT_tCOMMAND<   (HELP HELP_COMMAND,!!P1HELPKE=Y<@ p  (REPORTREPORT_COMMAND0!(P1DEVICEDevice, =%APPENDAPPEND0 %OUTPUTOUTFILE, $GRAPHGRAPH,=$ %NOFILENOFILE0T 'NOVOLUMENOVOLUME0 'NuOBITMAPNOBI=TMAP, $USAGEUSAGE4) STATISTICS STATISTICS   = p  <T (SEARCHSEARCH_COMMAND0!(P1DEVICEDev=ice(q#FILEFILE0q&EXCLUDEEXCLUDE($OWNER=UIC,0$IDENTIDENT4d(v ALLOCATED ALLOCATED$ql=SIZE0a'FRAGMENTFRAGMENT<al-VERSION_NUMBERVERSION_NUMBER(= #FULLFULL0L &SUMMARYSUMMARY4 ) STATISTICS STATISTICS=0 'MULTIPLEMULTIPLE, %APPENDAPPEND0 %OUTPU=TOUTFILE,8%wFORMATFORMAT(`#SORTSORT0q&C=REATEDCREATED0ql'MODIFIEDMODIFIED,q%BACKUPBACKUP0q=&EXPIREDEXPIRED@q\.CHARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS,%PLACE=DPLACED(#HOMEHOME("LBNLBN("FIDFID=,x,%BAKFIDBAKFID4`-OVER_ALLOCATEDOVER0'N=OVOLSETNOVOLSET0'NOSEARCHNOSEARCH CHAR_TYPE4( DIREC=TORY DIRECTORY0@'NOBACKUPNOBACKUP4t) CONTIGUOUS CONTIGUOUS0=&BESTTRYBESTTRY,%BADACLBADACL0y'BADBLOCKBADBLOCK=,,$ERASEERASE,X%LOCKEDLOCKED, %MARKEDMA=RKED, $SPOOLSPOOL, %NOMOVENOMOVE0  'NOCHA=RGENOCHARGE0< &SCRATCHSCRATCH8t* NOSHELVABLE NOSHELVABLE4=( ISSHELVED ISSHELVED,z$MATCHMATCH MATCH_TYPE$=!OROR 4 EXP_DATE_TYPE,`#NONEEXP_NONE0$S=INCE EXP_SINCE0%BEFORE EXP_BEFORE  BAK_DATE_TYPE, #N=ONEBAK_NONE0<$SINCE BAK_SINCE0%BEFORE BAK_BEFORE  MOD=_DATE_TYPE0{$SINCE MOD_SINCE0%BEFORE MOD_BEFORE   CRE=_DATE_TYPE0<$SINCE CRE_SINCE0%BEFORE CRE_BEFORE  VER=SION_TYPE0&MINIMUMVERS_MIN0&MAXIMUMVERS_MAX  RET=RIEVAL_TYPE0<&MINIMUMRETR_MIN0&MAXIMUMRETR_MAX| SIZ=E_TYPE0&MINIMUMSIZE_MIN0&MAXIMUMSIZE_MAX0 @t=<0X(4  P\ 0 h d= <4=`$0  LX }8ht  =        = $   8@L  ht  = 8$%% (SET SET_COMMAND,1!P1File(s)0  =&NEWNAMENEW_NAME0q~P%BAKFIDBACKLINK(xEBLOCK$=EBYTE$FDL(RVCOUNT,= CREATION_DATE,@ REVISION_DATE0p EXPIRATION_DATE,=  BACKUP_DATE( $OWNERUIC, $IDENTIDENT( = UPDATE$< LOG(d CONFIRM( = DIRECTORY( LOCKED4 CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY(!=BADACL(8!RECSIZE,d! BUCKETSIZE(!=VFCSIZE(!MAXREC(!#RECTYPE,q"# RECAT=TRIBUTES,4" ORGANIZATION(\"ORGANIZATION_KEYWORDS("DIREC=T("INDEXED("RELATIVE, SEQUENTIAL=,,#RECORD_ATTRIBUTES_KEYWORDS(T#FORTRAN(|#IMPLIED$=#PRINT$#NONE(NOSPAN($REC=ORD_TYPE_KEYWORDS$8$FIXED(`$VARIABLE$$V=FC($ UNDEFINED($STREAM($STREAMLF(=STREAMCR8%`%%H%T%  p%%%%=   %%%%!,#!T#!|#!#<= (SPAWN SPAWN_COMMAND@x&&' , UNDELETE UNDEL_COMMAND0=!(P1DEVICEDevice8&#(FILEFILE SYS$OUTPUT:"('$O=WNERUIC,4'$IDENTIDENT4h'#(LISTLIST SYS$OUTPUT4'=) STATISTICS STATISTICS4'( NOCONFIRM NOCONFIRM,%MARKEDUNMARK =(($( & '<l(() (VERIFYVERIFY_COMMAND0=!(P1DEVICEDevice0(%OUTPUTOUTFILE,(%APPENDAPPEND(= )#LOCKLOCK(H)"FIXFIX8) -DIRECTORY_SCANDIRSCAN=0)&REBUILDREBUILD4) STATISTICS STATISTICS )* *=  ( ( @DEFRAG_COMMAND+ +>DEFRAG_COMMAND DELETE_COMMANDF+ +X>DELETE_COMMAND( ( DIRECTORY_COMMANDE_COMM/ />DIRECTORY_COMMAND  EXIT_COMMANDDIR) )  > EXIT_COMMAND  HELP_COMMANDEXI) ) > HELP_COMMAND  REPORT_COMMANDL+ +, >REPORT_COMMAND  SEARCH_COMMANDP+ +@>SEARCH_COMMAND  SET_COMMANDSEA) )> SET_COMMANDA  SPAWN_COMMANDET+ +$&> SPAWN_COMMANDD & UNDEL_COMMANDPA+ +d&> UNDEL_COM MANDD &VERIFY_COMMANDD+ +X(>VERIFY_COMMAND ww1$V1CC PARSE_UICV1 7-FEB-1997 13:34AMAC V3.0-23  . ABS . . BLANK . $ABS$( TPARSE_DATA _LIB$STATE$ _LIB$KEY0$ _LIB$KEY1$CODEP$LINKAGE0  UIC_STATELIB$TABLE_PARSE( UIC_KEY0J PARSE_UIC$ $$= \ \=E$f4= t t=>C~ ^(^0 G8G(GCGBtG.J0MG@tGHm B@M=8-@Zk=($עѲG (^08Ck`/V `KF4`m#LIB$TABLE_PARSE4hGxLIB$TABLE_PARSE4t@xLIB$TABLE_PARSE =0 ;=@ =";;; LIB$TABLE_PARSE"" ww0[SYSEXE]DFU_ALP.OPT"\~V0atVIDENTIFICATION="DFU ALP V2.4-2"0[SYSHLP]DFU024.DECW$BOOK   j5 w}t  lHIlJHIlJ>EHj $ DFU V2.4\ۇsDFU024 > Contents{ B*;DECdocument V3.0a/ gCONTENTSCONTENTS8 E\TitlePageTitle Page@E\ CopyrightPageCopyright Page@g$K1 Introduction1 Introduction Rw' $K1.1&KSupportonDFU1.1 Support on DFU [w+ $K1.2&KGeneral description1.2 General description _g. $K1.3!&KNewfeaturesofV2.41.3 New features of V2.4lg 4 $L1.4'&L Restrictionsand Parameters1.4 Restrictions and Parameters;w $L2UsingDFU2 Using DFUaw. $K2.1!&K Installation procedure2.1 Installation procedure \w, $K2.2&KSecurityandaccess2.2 Security and access+Kw# $K2.3&KRunningDFU2.3 Running DFU3nw 6 $K2.4)&KUsinganindirectfilelist2.4 Using an indirect file list9[w(($K3TheSMGoutput interface3 The SMG output interface;aw. $K3.1!&KEnabling/DisablingSMG3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG<w2J $K3.2=&K Automatic switchingbetweenSMGandLinemode3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode=hw3 $L3.3&&LLayoutoftheSMGscreen3.3 Layout of the SMG screen>dw0 $K3.4#&KSpecialScreencommands3.4 Special Screen commandsBMg$ $K3.5&KSideeffects3.5 Side effectsF=g $K4DFUbasics4 DFU basicsH4g $K5DEFRAG5 DEFRAGTJw" $K5.1&K Description5.1 DescriptionUQw& $L5.2&LErrormessages5.2 Error messagesX/gEKDEFRAGDEFRAG[4g $K6DELETE6 DELETEfLg# $K6.1&K Introduction6.1 Introductiong/gEKDELETEDELETEk:g $K7 DIRECTORY7 DIRECTORYzLg# $L7.1&L Introduction7.1 Introduction{}w(= $K7.20&K Discussionof directory compression7.2 Discussion of directory compressionWw) $L7.3&LOutput formatting7.3 Output formatting5g EK DIRECTORYDIRECTORY4g $K8REPORT8 REPORTJw" $K8.1&K Description8.1 DescriptionXw* $K8.2&KSyntaxandOutput8.2 Syntax and Output/gEKREPORTREPORT4g $L9SEARCH9 SEARCHLg# $K9.1&K Introduction9.1 IntroductionXw* $K9.2&KSyntaxandOutput9.2 Syntax and Output`w. $K9.3!&KVolumeSet processing9.3 Volume Set processingWw) $K9.4&KOutput formatting9.4 Output formattingqw"7 $K9.5*&KUICand identifier processing9.5 UIC and identifier processing/gELSEARCHSEARCH0g$L10SET10 SETNg$$K10.1&K Introduction10.1 Introductionsw#8$K10.2*&KUICand identifier processing10.2 UIC and identifier processing)g  EKSETSET:g $K11UNDELETE11 UNDELETENg$$K11.1&K Introduction11.1 Introduction\g,$K11.2&KHowUndeleteworks11.2 How Undelete works gg2$L11.3$&LFilesmarkedfordelete11.3 Files marked for delete)sw#8$L11.4*&LUICand identifier processing11.4 UIC and identifier processing*3g EKUNDELETEUNDELETE+4g $K12SPAWN12 SPAWN76g $K13VERIFY13 VERIFY8Ng$$K13.1&K Introduction13.1 Introduction9`w.$L13.2 &LBasicrepairactions13.2 Basic repair actions>[w+$L13.3&L Directoryscanning13.3 Directory scanningAfw1$K13.4#&KAdvancedrepairactions13.4 Advanced repair actionsD]w,$K13.5&K Interpretingerrors13.5 Interpreting errorsHUw($K13.6&KError reporting13.6 Error reportingI/gEKVERIFYVERIFY^lB"6* CopyrightAugust1996 ~AllRights Reserved.=ODFUV2.4rHHODFUDiskandFile UtilitiesforOpenVMSVAXandAlpharH ORevision Information:(^Thismanual supersedesV2.2O%ODate:^August1996,fO OperatingSystem:*^OpenVMSVAXV5.5-2thru7.1, ^AlphaV6.1thru7.1b8ONote:)^PartoftheFreewareCD-ROMss /! p  O8O6OpenVMSFreewareforVAXandAXPSystemsbOTheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMcontainsfreesoftwaretoolsand utilitiestoaid^Osoftware developersincreating applicationsandmanagingandusingOpenVMSOVsystems.fOManyofthesetoolsarepopularpackagesalreadywidelyknownandinuse,whilemO3othersare internally developedDigitaltoolsour engineersaremaking availabletoour^OuOpenVMS customers.'Forexample,theOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMincludesBliss-[O32forOpenVMSVAX,Bliss-32forOpenVMSAXP,andBliss-64forOpenVMSOAXP.multipleversionsP5.JSearchall directoriesonthediskforaliasfileentriesA=6.JSearch all directories on the diskforemptyY directories `IREPORT: GeneratesafileandfreespacereportforaKmdisk.*Alsoadiskspaceusagereport,basedonUIC'sorJ identifiers,canbe generated,evenonadiskwhichhas diskquota disabled. `QSEARCH:Lookupfilesonadiskbyspecificfile attributes?(eg.&filessizes,dates, ownership,andsoon) `vOvSET:This functionsallowssettingoffile attributeswhich6arenot availablethroughDCL commands. `M9MUNDELETE:Asafefilerecovery function. `GVERIFY:Thisfunctionperformsafastdisk structureK% verificationandcan optionallyrepaircertaindiskstruc-@~tureerrors (comparablewithANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR).]KOEachfunctionis describedindetailinthe correspondingOchapter. pFODFUis supportedonOpenVMSVAXV5.5-2throughV7.1,HOandOpenVMSAlphaV6.1thruV7.1.*DFUhasbeentestedNO5ontheFieldtestversionsofVMS7.1;sofarnoproblemsQOhavebeenfound.'TheofficialfreewarereleaseofDFUwillbeCO distributedwiththeofficialreleaseofVMSV7.1.BB  &O1.3BNewfeaturesofV2.4EOUThisversionofDFUoffersseveralimprovedandnewPO features,aswellasacoupleof bugfixes.*Thenew functionsOandfeaturesare: '  `mDmImprovedhandlingofUIC'sand Identifiers.*DFUnow@acceptsallvalidnumericand alphanumericUIC'sDand identifiers..Thisoptionisusedinthe/OWNER>wand /IDENTIFIER qualifier.,TheSEARCH,SETand5UNDELETEcommandsusethese qualifiers. `OAOInsomecasesthe DFU_ALLPRIV identifierwastooD restrictive; thereforeithasbeenremovedfromthe8DIRECTORY/COMPRESS, DELETE/DIRandtheSETYcommand. `EOutput formattingisnowpossibleontheSEARCHand80DIRECTORY/VERSIONcommandsviathe/FORMATB qualifier.2ThisallowsthebuildingofactionDCLEcommand proceduresdirectlyfromtheoutputofthese: commands. `IOutputfilehandling:'thenew/APPEND qualifierallowsKDFUtoaddoutputtoanexistingoutputfileinsteadof jcreatinganewone. `ADELETE/DIRECTORY:thenew/KEEP qualifierallowsGB preservationofthe directorytree;onlythe directorycontentisdeleted. `?SEARCH:addedthe/OVER_ALLOCATED qualifierto.ssearchforover allocatedfiles. `HREPORT:Severalnew qualifiersallowcontrolovertheGK output.+The/USAGE qualifiercannowalsobeusedasE  /USAGE=toreportaspecificuicor identifier. `" F"  UNDELETE:abilitytoundeletefilesmarkedfordelete ` ? VERIFY:several enhancements.(VERIFY /DIRECTORYC allowsacomplete directorycheck;!thisresultsinMS better detectionoflostfilesandsomecasesof directory?  problems.*Notethat/DIRECTORY_SCANreplacesthe> DIRECTORY/CHECKcomand.)Also incorrect backlinksF] oftheMasterFile Directory (000000.DIR)cannowbeJ  repaired.)Finallytheoutputofmultiple allocatedblocks> hasbeenimpro>ved(isnowsortedbyLBN's).\22OThe followingbugshavebeenfixed:! P `m>mOnVAX/VMSV5.5-2withoutthepatchonSMGSHRC installed,DFUcouldexitwithanACCVIOerror.-AE workaroundhasbeenbuildintoavoidthisproblem. `HWhen processingacorrupt directoryDFUcouldendwithJanACCVIOerror.'Thishasbeenfixedbybetterchecking#Oofthe directoryfile. `/ SET/MAXRECdidnotwork properly. `M9MIf,duringanUNDELETEcommandCTRL/YwasHenteredanextraRETURNhadtobegiventoabortthe3UNDELETEcommand.'Thisisnowfixed. `~>~ VERIFY/FIXandUNDELETEdidnotalwaysreenterJthefilewithitsoriginalversionnumber.)DFUwillnowO/enterthefilewiththecorrectversionnumber,orthenextFhigherversionifthecurrentversionalreadyexists. `KIssueacorrecterrormessagewhentryingtouseDFUon;_nonODS-2diskssuchasaSpiralogvolume. `HInabatchjobDFUcouldproduceunwantedblankpages67whenthelogical DFU$NOSMGwasdefined.*   ne,O1.4B Restrictionsand Parameters9OUTheDFUprogramhasafew restrictions: I `mCmDFUcannothandlevolumesetswithmorethan32members. `EFEDuetochangesinVMSruntime librariesforDECCHDFU.EXEfileslinkedonVMS6.2cannotberunonVMSE6.1andlowerwithout relinkingtheimage.-Thebest?Osolutionisto reinstallDFUonthosesystems. `ETheSMG interfacemaynotworkatallonVMS5.5-F'2.+Inthatcaseyouneedtoinstall CSCPAT_0320and; re-installDFU.Warning:/ CSCPAT_0320replaces> SMGSHR.EXEandmayhavesideeffectsonother-0 applicationsusingSMG routines.! ^IOThe followingminimumprocessquotasare recommendedforODFUusage:$ `mmWSQUOTA:1500 `WSEXTENT:3000 `llDIOLM:40 `ASTLM:40 `kkFILLM:40 `BYTLM:30000 `ii PGFLQUOTA:30000NIOIfyouuseDFUonvolumesetswithalargenumberofGOmembersyoumayneedtoincreasetheSYSGEN parameterO5 CHANNELCNT.NKOIfyouusethe directorycommandonverylarge directoryNOfiles(>1000blocks)andrunintoerrorsyoumayneedto/O5increasethe following parameters:E `mGmWSQUOTAatleast1000+size-of-largest directoryfile `2WSEXTENT:WSQUOTA+atleast1000 `l:lCTLPAGES(SYSGEN parameter):'atleast100 `<WSMAX(SYSGEN parameter):&atleastWSEXTENT NOODonotchange parametersunlessyourunintoerrorssuchas9OEXCEEDEDQUOTAor INSUFFICIENTWORKINGSETO5LIMITS.O 2.2Using!DFULOThischapter describesthe installation procedureandother8OactionswhichmustbetakentorunDFU.  &O2.1B Installation procedureIOUDFUcanbe installedwiththe VMSINSTALutility.)During=Othe installation VMSINSTALdoesthe following:!  `m=mMovesthe documentationtoSYS$HELP (Optional) `RelinksDFU `lDlCreatesthe DFU_ALLPRIV identifierneededtoperform7thespecial functions.&(Seechapter2.2)l"BBOTheDFUutilityinfactcontainsjust2files:#`+Om1.JDFU.EXE:theDFUprogram5O2.J DFUHLP.HLB:theon-linehelpfile$@ lDODFU.EXEwillbemovedto SYS$SYSTEM,and DFUHLP.HLB(Owillbemovedto SYS$HELP.% wCOYoucan optionallyget documentationofDFUduringPO installation.*ToinstallDFUloginintoa privilegedaccountO5andenter:"O$&@sys$update:vmsinstalC#VAX/VMS%Software%Product% Installation% Procedure&V6.2)It&is& 01-Aug-1996&at&13:46.BEnter&a%question%mark%(?)%at%any&time%for&help.S^*%Are&you% satisfied%with%the%backup&of&your%system&disk%[YES]? & IO VMSINSTALnowasksforthe distributionmediaandprod-NOuct.*Youcanalsospecifythe directorywhereyouhavetheAO5DFU_FREEWARE_024.Afileinsteadofadevicename:K*%Where%will%the% distribution&volumes%be%mounted:%[DDCU:]_#Enter&the%products%to%be% processed%from%the%first% distribution&volume%set.(*% Products:&DFU_FREEWARE_024F*%Enter% installation&options%you&wish%to%use&(none):8=The% following%products%will%be% processed: DFU_FREEWARE_&2.4E Beginning% installation%of% DFU_FREEWARE_%V2.4Kat%13:46Fx%VMSINSTAL-I-RESTORE,% Restoring%product%save&set%A&...' Installing%DFU&version%2.4'F lIOThenextquestionwillpromptyouforthe documentationLOfiles.*TheDFU documentationis availableinLineprinter,FO5 PostScript,HTMLand Bookreaderformat.'The documenta-6Otionfileswillbecopiedto SYS$HELP.P*%Do%you&want%the& documentation%in% Lineprinter%format&?%[Y]?BZ%VMSINSTAL-I-DOCMOVED,% DFU024.LINE%moved%to%SYS$HELPS*%Do%you&want%the& documentation%in%PostScript(TM)%format&?p[N]?O *%Do%you&want%the& documentation%in% Bookreader%format%?%[N]?IS*%Do%you&want%the& documentation%in%HTML%format%?%[N]?Y( b/GO VMSINSTALnowlinkstheDFUimageandaddstheiden-UOtifiertothe Rightslist(seechapter2.2forthemeaningoftheO5 identifier)."Linking%DFU&image&...3 %DFU-I-LINK,%Linking&DFU%2.4Kimage...(I %DFU-S-DONE,%DFU.EXE&created) EONext VMSINSTALwillcreatethe DFU_ALLPRIV identifierOif necessary.P%VMSINSTAL-I-ACCOUNT,%This& installation%adds&an& identifier%named DFU_ALLPRIV.S%UAF-I-RDBADDMSG,& identifier% DFU_ALLPRIV%value:& %X80010008%added%toZrights&data%baseI%VMSINSTAL-I-MOVEFILES,&Files&will%now&be&moved&to&their ,target%directories...; Installation%of%DFU%V2.4J completed&at&13:47,*JOYoumustgrantanyDFUuser includingyourselfthenec-LOessary DFU_ALLPRIV identifierifauserbeallowedtouseMO5thespecialDFU functions.)Seechapter2.2forthemeaningOofthis identifier.F+ $O2.2BSecurityandaccessJOUDFUhassome functionswhichmustnotbemade availablePOforgeneralusage.' ThereforeDFUhas2groupsof functions:I,Om1.JNormal functions-Y }h1.JDELETE/DIRECTORY2.J DIRECTORYf3.JREPORT4.JSEARCHe5.JSET6.JSPAWN?d7.JVERIFY(except VERIFY/FIXandVERIFY/REBUILD)J.  O2.JSpecial functions/ph1.JDEFRAG2.J DELETE/FILEf3.JUNDELETE-4.J VERIFY/FIXandVERIFY/REBUILD0 $FOThenormal functionsneedSYSPRVorBYPASS privilege.KOThespecial functionsrequireBYPASS privilegeaswellasBO5the DFU_ALLPRIV identifiergranted.(The DFU_ALLPRIVQO identifieriscreatedduringthe installation procedure.'Toen-NOableausertoperformspecial functionsthesystemmanager7O>mustgrantthis identifierasfollows:O$&mc& authorize/O UAF>&grant/id& DFU_ALLPRIV&username1sIOItishighly recommendedthatspecial functionsareNOT*Omade availabletotheworld.*2::3fO2.3BRunningDFU*OUTorunDFUyoucanenter:!O$&RUN%disk:[mydir]DFUq4!G3Oor(ifDFUis installed systemwide):O$&MC&DFU5iyMOYoucanalsodefineanduseasymbolforDFUasfollows:O$&DFU%==%"$DFU"OP$&DFU6$ODFUnowpromptswith:=Disk%and%File% Utilities%for&OpenVMS%DFU&V2.4PFreeware%version? Copyright&(C)%1996&Digital% Equipment& CorporationODFU>"7 5EOYoucannowenterDFU commands.*HELPgivesyouon-HOlinehelp.*AftereachcommandDFUreturnstotheDFU>IO5prompt.-Youcanrecallandedit commands,justaswithNODCL(20commandswillbestoredintherecallbuffer).)UseIOEXITorCTRL/ZtoleaveDFU.IfyouuseasymbolforNO>DFU,youalsoprocessasinglecommandandreturntoDCLO immediately:'O$DFU&SEARCH%disk/qualifiersg8=HODuringaDFUrun,youcan interruptDFUwithCTRL/CJOorCTRL/Y.These interruptsarecatchedbyDFUtoallowJO5acorrectrundownofthecurrentcommand.)Itmaythere-MOforetakesometimebeforeDFUrespondstoaCTRL/CorYO interrupt.9 =Z.O2.4BUsinganindirectfilelist@OUThereare3 commands, DIRECTORY,DEFRAGandSETLOwhichacceptanindirectfileasinput parameter.,ThisisSOachievedbyusingthe@sign.*Anindirectfileisafilecon-VO^tainingalistofvalid filenames(eachlineinsuchafilemustTOcontainexactlyonefile).'Suchindirectfilescanbetheoutput3OfileoftheDFUSearchcommandeg.:O$&DFU8ODFU>&SEARCH% mydisk/CHAR=DIRECTORY/OUTPUT=x.x(O$DFU>&DIRECTORY/COMPRESS%@x.x*:;! )O 3.2The!SMG!output" interfaceJOAsofversionV2.2DFUusesSMG(Screen managementrou-POtines)toperformoutputforan interactiveDFUsession.'ThisNOBchapter describesthelayoutoftheDFUscreen,thespecialJOcommandsusedonlyintheSMG interfaceandotheritems1OwithrespecttotheSMG interface.<)&O3.1BEnabling/DisablingSMGIOUDFU automaticallyselectsSMGoutputifyourunanin-JO teractiveDFUsessiononaterminalor workstationwhichJOsupportsSMG.Inabatchjoboranon-DECterminalDFUPO^willusenormallineorientedoutput.)Youcan explicitlydis-COableSMGbydefiningthelogical DFU$NOSMGtoanyOvalue.= BO3.2B Automatic switchingbetweenSMGandLinemodeLOUYoumayprefertoperform interactiveDFUsessionsinSMGJOmode,andsingleDFUcommandsinnormallinemode.(ThisKOcanbedonebyusingthecommand procedurelistedbelow:AOo$!% Procedure%to%switch&beteen%SMG%and&line%modeO$&DFU%=&"$DFU"O$&if&p1&.eqs.&""OG$&then O $!Interactive&seesion-O$&def/user& sys$input% sys$commandO$&dfuOg$&else-O$!Single%command&so&disable%SMG#O$&def/user& dfu$nosmg%x@O?$&dfu%'p1'&'p2'%'p3'%'p4'&'p5'%'p6'%'p7'&'p8'O$&endifO$&exitM??B> "+O3.3BLayoutoftheSMGscreenBOUAfterstartingDFUthescreenlooksasfollows:\O+-----------------------<&DFU%V2.4& (Freeware%)&>----------------------------+ O"| d "|@Oi|Disk&and%File& Utilities%for%OpenVMS%DFU%V2.4 d i|O|Freeware%version d |@O| Copyright%%1996&Digital% Equipment& Corporation d | OA| d A|#O|DFU% functions&are%: d | O| d |-O| DEFRAGMENT&:% Defragment%files d |OOa|DELETE:%Delete&files&by&File-ID;&delete% directory%(trees) d a|2O| DIRECTORYK:% Manipulate% directories d |;O|REPORT:%Generate%a%complete%disk&report d |*O9|SEARCH:%Fast%file&search d 9|O|SET%:%Modify&file% attributes d |1O|UNDELETEp:%Recover%deleted&files d |;O|VERIFY:%Check%and&repair%disk& structure d | OY| d Y| O| d |WOM+----------------------------------Statistics-------------------------------+ O1| d 1| Oy| d y|WOM+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+t DFU>a?77OThisscreenisdividedinto3 sections:X@. `mNmMainScreen:)thetoppartofthescreenisusedfortheAoutputfromDFU commands.*Also broadcastmessages&aresendtothiswindow. `J Statistics:,thelowerpartcontains statisticsfromtheBcurrentcommand.*DuringmostofthecommandsthisLOscreenwillcontainaprogress indicatorandastatusfor thecurrentcommand. `'K'DFUprompt:(thebottomlineisusedastheinputcom-mandline.*ABnu(O3.4BSpecialScreencommandsMOU>InSMGmodethe followingkeysperformspecial functions:aC7 `mDmDO:invokesa subprocess(sameastheSPAWNcom-mand) `EFEHELPorPF2:+invokesaspecialSMGwindowforthehelpcommand. `)CTRL/W:redrawsthescreen `APF4:1createsascreendumpintothefileDFU_ SCREEN.TXT `t>tPREVSCREEN:Scrollsbacktheoutputscreen. `@NEXTSCREEN:Scrollsforwardtheoutputscreen `s=sSELECT:Togglesbetween80and132columns.D]POAlthoughonlysome20linesarevisibleintheoutput(main)IOscreenDFUinfact remembers500outputlines.+YoucanLO5scrollbackandforwardthroughtheselineswiththeNEXTEOandPREVSCREENkeys.,Atthe beginningofeachnew3ODFUcommandtheselinesarecleared.*EFOOna workstationwithDecWindows/MotifyoucanchangeKOtheDecTermsizetobemorethanthestandard24lines.JO5DFU'sSMGscreenwill automaticallyadjusttothescreen%OsizeofsuchaDecTerm.UF! )O3.5BSideeffectsLOUThereareafewsideeffectswhenusingSMGmode.&CTRL/CIOandCTRL/Yarecatchedbutnotechoed.-Alsoallbroad-OOcastmessagesaretrappedandwillbe displayedinthemainJO^screenattheendofthecurrentDFUcommand.( SometimesJOthismayslightlydisruptthemainscreen,whichcanbe+OrepairedwiththeCTRL/Wkey.G! NLOFurther,duringthe executionofaDFUcommandthecursorLOwill disappear.*Afterthecommandfinishesthecursorwill*O5reappearattheDFU>prompt. H[O 4.2DFU!basicsRONote:*thischapterismeantforfirsttimeusersofDFU.IfIOyoualreadyusedDFUbeforeyoumayprobablyskipthisOBchapter.I NLOThischaptergivesabriefoverviewofthecommandswhichNOcanbeusedwithDFU,andhowtheycanprovidethesystem5O5managerwiththe necessary information.)J JOOneofmostcommonactionsbyasystemmanageristry-UOingtolocatespecificfileseg.-fileswithacertainfilesize.JO5AlthoughalotcanbedonewiththeVMS DIRECTORYcom-ROmandthiscanbeatime consumingprocess, especiallyiftheFOcompletediskmuchbescanned.(TheSEARCHcommandofSO>DFUisexactlymeantforthis situation.'ItgivesaveryquickVOlistofspecificfiles,withtheirsize,andifneededthenumberGOoffile fragments.'SomeusefullSEARCHcommandsare:HOtDFU>&SEARCH%disk/SIZE=MINIMUM=1000&(files%>&1000%blocks)EODFU>&SEARCH%disk/IDENT=SYSTEM%(files%owned%by%SYSTEM)YODFU>&SEARCH%disk/FRAGMENT=MINIMUM=10%(files&with%at%least%10% fragments)KOLDFU>&SEARCH%disk/CHAR=MARKED&(all%files%marked&for%delete)]ODFU>&SEARCH%disk/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY&(all%files%created%since% YESTERDAY)KWKOOfcoursethese qualifierscanbecombinedtonarrowtheFOsearch.(AstheSEARCHcommandscans INDEXF.SYS,notHO5 directories,theoutput generatedbySEARCHmaylookaTObitrandom(butitisjusttheorderinwhichthefileheadersMOareinthe INDEXF.SYSfile).)TosmooththeoutputusetheO>/SORT qualifier.L! MOAnother importantactionforasystemmanageristogatherSOsomeoveralldisk information,suchasnumberoffiles,freeJO5space statisticsand fragmentation information.&TheREPORTLOcommandwillgeneratesuchadiskreport.)Togetindivid-OOualdiskspaceusage informationthe/USAGE qualifiercanbeTO>used.'ThiswillworkevenifthereisnodiskquotaenabledonOthedisk.DMJOAtregular intervalsasystemmanagermayneedtocheckAOadiskwith ANALYZE/DISK.TheDFUVERIFYcommandNO5providesmoreorlessthesame functionalitybutmanytimesHOfaster.+The/FIX qualifierprovidessomeREPAIRoptionsBOwhich(unlikeANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR)doNOTlocktheNO>disk,andthusdonot interferewithotherdisk operations.KOHowever,thediskcanberebuild completelybyusingtheO/REBUILD qualifier.N iSO Occasionalyauserwilldeletethewrongfile,leavingthesys-MOtemmanageroroperatorwiththetedioustaskof restoringGO5thefilefromabackupset.(TheUNDELETEcommandmayTObeabletorecoverthefileifithasnotyetbeen overwrittenJOwithanewone.,MuchcarehasbeentakentomakethisLO>commandassafeas possible; thereforenodisk corruptionsJOwillbetheresultofan UNDELETE.IfDFU encountersaNOproblemwithadeletedfileitwillrefusetoUNDELETEit.Oa\FOAnothertypeoftypicalsystemmanagerproblemsdeals?Owith directories.-TheDFUcommand DIRECTORYcanDO5handlesuch problems.* DIRECTORYcangeneratereportsFOaboutempty directories(/EMPTY qualifier)ordirecto-NOrieswhichcontainsfileswithacertainnumberofversionsJO> (/VERSION=n qualifier).)Also, directoriesmaybecomein-HOternally fragmentedwhichdegrades performance.)ThiscanMObequicklysolvedbyusingDFU's directory compressing(the OH /COMPRESS qualifier).hP >LOAsecondproblemwith directoriesisindeletingadirec-KOtorywithmanyfiles.,Onlarge directoriesthismaytake/O5severalhoursusingaDCLDELETE @* 5. @*5command.,ThisAOproblemissolvedbyusingDFU'sDELETE/DIRECTORYJOcommandwhichcandeletelarge directoriessome10timesGO>fasterthanthenormalDELETEcommanddoes.*Also,us-JOingDELETE/DIR/TREEwilldeleteacomplete directorytree#Owithjustonecommand.QJOThelast2commandsdealwith individualfiles.,SETal-JOlowssettingsofsomespecialfile attributes..SinceVMSJO5V6.0this functionalityisalsoprovidedbytheDCLSETAOFILE/ATTRIBUTEcommand,butDFU'sSETofferssomeJOmoreoptions.(TheDEFRAGcommandisan interfacetotheGO>MOVEFILEfunctionofferedbyVMS5.5andhigher.)ThisDOallowsasimpledefragmentationof individualfiles.RnOOThenextchaptersgivesadetailed descriptionofeachindi-OvidualDFUcommand.*S.TO 5.2DEFRAGCOThischapter describestheDEFRAGcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.XXU nO5.1B DescriptionHOUTheDEFRAGcommandcanbeusedto defragmentasingleSOfileoragroupoffiles.)Youcanalsoenteranindirectcom-UOmandfile containingalistoffiles.(ThisfeatureallowsyoutoOO^createanoutputfilewithSEARCHandusethatasaninputOtoDEFRAG.|V RFODEFRAGmakesuseofthefile-primitiveMOVEFILEfunc-LOtion.* Thereforefileswhichareopen,orwhicharemarkedFO5NOMOVEwillnotbe DEFRAGmented.*StillyoushouldbeGOcautiousaboutusingDEFRAG.Youshouldnotmakethis3Ofunction availableforgeneralusage.*WXn_O5.2BErrormessagesAOUThemostcommonerrorsreturnedbyDEFRAGare:Y `m8m ACCONFLICT:Fileisopenbyanotheruser `A DEVICEFULL:Devicehasnotenough contiguousfree,Espacetomovetheentirefile `7 FILNOTACC:FilehasbeensettoNOMOVE. `DCD FILENUMCHK:Youtriedtomoveareservedfile(eg INDEXF.SYS). `CRMSErrors:-Almostalwayscausedbyaninvalidor$twrongfile specifcation.*Z   :[ODEFRAG*\o]EEO Defragmentafileoralistoffilesonthedisk.`^6OFormat&OsDEFRAGMfile1,file2,@file...k_AO ParametersOsfile1,file2,@file...POThefile(s)tobe defragmented.)YoucanalsouseanindirectRO$commandfile(@file)whichcontainsalistoffilestobede-LO| fragmented.)Thismaybeanoutputfile generatedwiththe!O SEARCH/OUTPUTcommand.` O QualifiersOs/BESTTRYNONormallyDEFRAGtriestocreatea contiguousfile.)IfthereOO$isnotenough contiguousfreespacethe operationwillfail.LO|Withthe/BESTTRY qualifierDEFRAGtriestomovethefileGOwiththecontiguous-best-trymethod.)Thismeansamax-JO-imumof3 fragments.-Youshouldonlyusethis qualifier@OwhenanormalDEFRAGfails.,IfaDEFRAG/BESTTRYWOalsofailsthisisan indicationthatthedisksfreespaceistooBO7 fragmented.-RunaREPORTcommandtoseewhattheMOlargest contiguousfreespaceis,andcheckthefreespaceO fragmentationindex.%aO/DEVICELO(Thedeviceonwhichthefilesreside.,ThedevicenameisROaddedtothefilename.+IfyougenerateafilelistwiththeGODFUSEARCHcommandyoudon'tneedthis qualifierany-LO2more.*HoweveryoumayhavealistoffilesproducedfromPOanothersourceandthusneedtoappendadevicenametoit.OExample:;hDFU>%SEARCH&#mydisk/...../frag=min=50/output=x.xDFU>%DEFRAG&@x.xb#O/LBN=logical-block-numberTO(Forcesasinglefiletobemovedtothe specifiedlogicalblockOOnumber.*Donotusethis qualifierwhen processingalistofOfiles.cO /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.dO /WRITECHECKMO(Performa writecheckonthe resultantfile.+ThedefaultisAO/NOWRITECHECK.Notethata writecheckdoublesthe,OnumberofinvolveddiskI/O's.*e fO 6.2DELETECOThischapter describestheDELETEcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers... !gnZO6.1B Introduction?OUTheDELETEcommandisdesignedfor2 purposes:h! \QOm1.JDeleteafilebyfileid(withthe/FILE qualifier).,ThisO functionalityisneededtobeabletodeletefileswhichnoLlongerhaveaparent directory.)Thisway'lost'filesandIw (sometimes)filesmarkedfordeletecanberemovedfromadisk.NOO2.JAfastmethodtodeleteacomplete directoryorevenaD directorytree(withthe /DIRECTORYand/TREEqual-Oifier).)Firstallentriesofa directoryaredeletedwithoutMYremovingthe directoryentry;thissavesalotofunnec-Lessary directoryupdates.*Finallythe directoryfileitselfK isdeleted,unlessthenew/KEEP qualifierisused.*ThisGbwaya directoryiscleanedupmanytimesfasterthan withtheDCLDELETE >* c. s*'command.(Onlargedirecto-KriesDFUmaybeeven10ormoretimesfasterthanDCL.JlTodeleteacomplete directorytreeusethe/TREEqual-9ifier.)TheDCLcommandDELETE [.SUBDIR...] * . * ; *8willKalmostalwaysfailtodeletethe intermediate subdirectoryMvfilesforcingyoutoissuethiscommandseveraltimes.'TheBDFUDELETEcommandissmartenoughtodeletetheO'filesandthe subdirectoryfilesintheproperorder;there-Kforeonlyonecommandis sufficienttodeleteacomplete directorytree.i!IWThenew/KEEP qualifierallowsyoutopreservethedi-Jrectorytree.*Thecontentsaredeletedbutthe directory#file(s)remainsintact.*j<<! ":kODELETE*lTm**ODeletesfilesor directories.lnBOFormat2OsDELETEN device[:]&ordirectory-file(s)o=}O ParametersOsdeviceGOThedeviceonwhichtoperformtheDELETE/FILE=file-idO$command.cp K9Odirectory-file(s)QO(Thefilespecificationofthe directoryonwhichtoperformthe@ODELETE/DIRECTORYcommand.*Wildcardfile specifica-MOtionsmaybeused.)DFUwill automaticallyadd.DIRtothe@O2filespecificationifafiletypeisnot provided.q yO QualifiersOs /DIRECTORYMOSpecifythe directoryfilewhichmustbedeleted.* WildcardsJO$maybeusedbutmustbeusedvery carefully.+MakesureJO|thatthe direct>orydoesnotcontain non-empty subdirecto-POries.*Fileswithinsucha subdirectorywillbecomelostafterBO-theDELETE/DIRECTORYcommand(butcanbe recoveredGOwithANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR).Notethatthe directoryfile4Oitselfwillalsobedeleted.'Example:Oc$&DIR%EXAMPLE%O Directory%MYDISK:[RUBBISH]O6 EXAMPLE.DIR;1O$&DFU-ODFU>&DELETE/DIRECTORY% EXAMPLE.DIREOP%DFU-I-CLEANUP,%Deleting% MYDISK:[RUBBISH]EXAMPLE.DIR;1...6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% DBGINI.COM;3%deleted4O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% ICON.COM;1&deleted6O(%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% I_FOOL.COM;1%deleted9Op%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%LOGICALS.COM;51%deleted6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% LOGIN.COM;79%deleted6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% LOGOUT.COM;4%deleted=OH%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%NOTE_COMPRESS.COM;3&deleted6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% SHOWCL.COM;3%deleted8O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%SYMBOLS.COM;89%deleted8O %DFU-S-DELETED,%File%TPUBUILD.COM;5%deleted-Og  %DFU-S-TOTAL,&11&file(s)%deleted7O %DFU-S-DELETED,%File% EXAMPLE.DIR;1&deleted]rL :3O /FILE=file-idLO(Specifyacompletefile-id (num,seq,rvn)ofthefilewhichUOmustbedeleted.)This qualifierallowsthedeletionoflostfiles5Oorfilesmarkedfordelete.'Example:O^$&DFUODFU>&VERIFY%MYDISK::O%DFU-S-CHKHOME,%Home%block%info&verified&OK1OW%DFU-I-IFSCAN,%Scanning% INDEXF.SYS...XO%DFU-E-INVBAKFID,%file& (86,17915,1)%0004CF04$BFS.;1%has&invalid%backlinkZO%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (537,2878,1)%APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1%marked%for&delete t/. tw. t.0O(DFU>&DELETE%MYDISK/FILE=(86,17915,1)9Op%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%0004CF04$BFS.;1%deleted0ODFU>&DELETE%MYDISK/FILE=(537,2878,1)@O!%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1&deleted*st! O/KEEPRO(Preservethe directorytree;onlydeletethe contents.'/KEEPisKOonlyvalidwiththe /DIRECTORY qualifier.'/KEEPworksfor+O DELETE/DIRandDELETE/DIR/TREE.umO/NOLOGKO(Donotlog succesfulldeletesto SYS$OUTPUT./LOGistheOdefault.vO /NOREMOVEGO(Canonlybeusedwith/FILE.Default DELETE/FILEwillTOtrytoremovethefilefromtheparent directory.(Ifthefile'sQObacklinknolongerpointstoavalid directorythiswillgen-GO2erateanerror.+The /NOREMOVE qualifier overrulesthisTOAnindirectcommandfile containingalistoffilescanbeusedIOasa parameterto /COMPRESSor/DUMP.Suchalistcan>O5be generatedwiththeSEARCHcommand.'Example:;ODFU>&SEARCH%#disk/FILE=*.DIR/SIZE=MIN=50/OUT=x.x(ODFU>&DIRECTORY/COMPRESS%@x.x3  HOCaution:+Careshouldbetakenwhen compressingcriticalQOsystem directories.(Tobesafeyoushouldfirstusethe/TESTKO5 qualifierbefore compressingthe directory.)AnotherproblemMOmaybecausedbya systemcrashjustwhenDFUis rewritingMOthenew compressed directory (althoughthechancethatthisLO>happensisverysmall).(Whenthishappensyoucanrecover?Othefilesby executingthe following procedure:uKDOm1.JDoa$SET FILE/NODIRofthe corrupted directory>O2.JDeletethe directoryandcreateanewoneHOl3.JDoa$ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR;thiswillmoveallthe%lostfilesto [SYSLOST].HOD4.JMovethefilesfrom [SYSLOST]tothenewlycreated directory.*s  $#%  )5O7.2B Discussionof directory compressionOOUVersionV2.2ofDFU introducedamajorchangeinthedirec-JOtory compressionprocess(issuedbytheDIRECTORY/COMPRESSFO command).* Previouslyversionsalways performedamaxi-KO^mum compression,andthen truncatedthe resultantdirec-ROtory.(Thismaybeusefullonadormant directory,butonanEOactive directorythismethod introducednew problems: h `mKmWhennewfileswereaddedtothe directoryitmustveryOquicklybe extended.'Notonlyisthisaslow operation,butIona fragmenteddiskthiscanleadtoDIRALLOCerrors. `IActive directorieswherefilesareinsertedinarandomJ alphabeticalorderveryquicklyleadto expansionofthe&Ojust compressed directory. MOThefirstproblemisnowsolvedbyNOTdoingan automaticAO TRUNCATIONofthe directory.*The /TRUNCATEquali-QO5fierhasbeenaddedtoallow truncationontheusersrequest.GOAlso/TRUNCATE=blocksizeispossibletoperformpartialKO truncation;DFUwillnottruncatebelowthe blocksizeis-JO>suedin /TRUNCATE.(Theactual blocksizewillberoundedROuptoamultipleofthedisksclustersize.))Thesecondprob-JOlemissolvedbythenew /FILL_FACTOR qualifier.)HereaSOHusercandirectDFUtofilleach directoryblockuptoacer-MOtain percentage(between50and100).'Not specifying/FILL_COFACTORisthesameasdoing/FILL_FACTOR=100(fullIOR compression).+Notehoweverthatthe directory's allocatedUOsizemustbelargeenoughtoallowalowerfillfactor.(IfthatKOisnotpossibleDFUwillissuea DFU-E-EXTERRerror,andSO[youmustuseahigherfillfactor.'So,whatstrategyshouldbe0Ousedwhen comnpressing directories?COm1.JInactive directories:&useDIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE.CO2.JNotveryactive diredctories:.use DIR/COMPRESSE(/TRUNCATE=n).OO3.JActive directories,filesaddedattheend(suchasMAIL, directories):'use DIR/COMPRESSJO4.JActive directories,filesaddedinrandom alphabetical3order:'useDIR/COMPRESS/FILL_FACTOR=n*jj%$&`2 w6!O7.3BOutput formattingMOUAnew qualifier/FORMATcanbeusedwithDIRECTORY/VERSION.KOThisallowsthebuildupofacommand proceduredirectlyFOfromtheoutput generatedbythe DIR/VERSIONcommand.7O^/FORMAThasthe following restrictions:: EOm1.J/FORMATisonlyvalidwiththe/VERSIONandthe/OUTPUT qualifier.POE2.JTheformatstringusedmustcontainthe!AS directive(inL uppercase).*Thefilefoundwillbe substitutedatthe!ASlocationF !bOExample:PODFU>&2DIR/VERSION=4/OUTP=PURGE.COM/FORMAT="$PURGE/KEEP=3&!AS"%mydisk*&%'=O DIRECTORY*S))OPerforms directory functions.oEOFormat5Os DIRECTORYN device[:]&ordirectory-file(s) =O ParametersOsdevicePOThedeviceonwhichtoperformoneofthediskwide directoryO$ functions.t KJOdirectory-files(s)SO(Thefile specificationofthe directoryonwhichtoperformtheEO/CREATE, /COMPRESSor/DUMP function.(WildcardfileMOspecificationsmaybeused.(DFUwill automaticallyadd.DIRIO2tothefilespecificationifafiletypeisnot provided.FO QualifiersOs/ALIASOOThe/ALIAS qualifierdirectsDFUtoscanall directoriesforOO$aliasfileentries.(Onlyaliasfilesin DIFFERENT directoriesNO|willbefound(thisisthemostcommon situation).(NormallyROonlythesystemdiskshouldcontainaliasfiles.(This qualifier;O-canbecombinedwith /VERSION=nand/EMPTY. O /ALLOCATE=nJO(Usedin combinationwith/CREATE.Createsthenewdirec-;Otorywithan allocatedsizeof'n'blocks.q J]O /COMPRESSHO(Performsthe directory compressionunless/TESTisalsoPO specified.+TheoutputwillshowtheresultsintermsoffileOsizes.'Example:+O^DFU>&DIR/COMP&OWN$:[000000]MAIL_O %DFU-S-DONE,%OWN$:[000000]MAIL.DIR;1:&31&files;%was%:%4/9,&now%:&3/3%blocksO1DFU>O/CREATEQO(Createanew,empty directory.)The allocatedsizewillbe14Oclusterunless /ALLOCATEis specified.UO/DEVICELO(Thedeviceonwhichthefilesreside.,ThedevicenameisROaddedtothefilename.+IfyougenerateafilelistwiththeBODFUSEARCHcommandyoudon'tneedthis qualifier.NO2HoweveryoumayhavealistoffilesproducedfromanotherMOsourceandthusneedtoappendadevicenametoit.+ThisJO qualifiercanonlybeusedin combinationwith /COMPRESSO<or/DUMP. f K O/DUMPMO(Produceablockleveldumpofa directory.)/DUMPwillin-QOterpretthe directoryentriesfoundineachblock.'A directoryLOentrycontainsasize,version-limit,typeandnamefield.QO2Nextthe directoryentrycontainsalistofversionsandfileNOID'sforthisentry.*/DUMPwillproducearatherlowlevel4Ooutputofthis information.'Example:OhDFU>&DIR/DUMP&C.DIR'ODUMP&of& directory%block%1KOSize:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(10):& CHKDSK.EXE-aVersion:%3,%FID%:% (1027,1456,0)NOSize:%26,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(13):& CHKDSK.README.Version:%2,%FID%:%(33892,1171,0).9Version:%3,%FID%:%(1256,11234,0)KOSize:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(10):& CHKDSK.SAV-Version:%2,%FID%:% (13947,100,0)LOSize:%24,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(11):& CHKDSK.SAVE.YVersion:%1,%FID%:%(12531,2114,0)OOSize:%26,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(14):&CHKDSK_LNK.COM,Version:%2,%FID%:% (12314,72,0)EO1Size:%18,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(5):%C_D.C,yVersion:%3,%FID%:% (32650,32,0)GOSize:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D.EXE+ Version:%9,%FID%:% (2675,64,0)GOP>Size:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D.OBJ,Version:%4,%FID%:% (9835,117,0)GOSize:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D_2.C-( Version:%15,%FID&:% (12428,84,0)IOp Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_2.OBJ, Version:%9,%FID%:% (8439,119,0)IO Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_3.CLD,H Version:%3,%FID%:% (9777,178,0)IO Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_3.OBJ, Version:%2,%FID%:% (9737,161,0)GO Size:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D_4.C.h Version:%3,%FID%:%(10594,1580,0)IO Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_4.OBJ- Version:%2,%FID%:% (10177,109,0)'Oa DUMP&of& directory%block%2EO Size:%18,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(5):%DFU.C. Version:%169,&FID%:& (31123,52,0) tZ . t . t .IO2 %DFU-I-TOTAL,&%OWN$:[SOURCES.FORTRAN.DFUSRC]C.DIR;1:%42%files*O/EMPTYKO(The/EMPTY qualifierwillproducealistofemptydirec-HOtories..This qualifiercanbecombinedwith/ALIASandO /VERSION=n.]3O/FILL_FACTOR=nPO( Specifies,in percentage,thefillingof directoryblocksdur-GOinga /COMPRESS operation.+FillfactormaybebetweenMO50and100.*Omittingthis qualifieristhesameas/FILL_AO2 FACTOR=100(maximum compression).,Ifthe directoryLOhasnotenough allocatedspacealowfillfactormayre-OOsultinfailureoftheCompress operation.*DFUwillissueaHO< DFU-E-EXTERRerror,andthe directoryfilewillnotbeO modified.w KMO/FORMAT=format-stringMO(Createanoutputfileinaformat describedbytheformatOOstring.)Thestringmustcontainthe!AS directive(thismustQObe uppercase).(Atthe!ASlocationthe resultantfilenamewillAO2befilledin.'The/OUTPUT qualifieris required.O/OUTPUT=filenameRO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtoafile.*Theoutputwill#Oalsogoto SYS$OUTPUT.O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.* O/TESTLO(The/TESTcanonlybeusedin conjunctionwith /COMPRESS.KOThe qualifierwillshowtheresultsofthe /COMPRESSbut4Owillnotcompressthe directoryfile.O/TRUNCATE=blocksizeHO(Duringacompress operationtruncatethe directorybackQOtothe blocksize specified.-If blocksizeisnot specified,theOOfilewillbe truncatedbacktothe end-of-fileblocknumber.KO2 Truncationwillalwaysberoundeduptothenexthighest2Omultipleofthedisksclustersize.<KO /VERSION=nLO(The/VERSION qualifierdirectsDFUtoscanall directoriesWOonthedevicetoproducealistoffileswhichhaveatleast'n'JO versions.+This qualifiercanbecombinedwith/ALIASandO2/EMPTY.*'&(O 8.2REPORTCOThischapter describestheREPORTcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.('))O8.1B DescriptionGOUTheREPORTcommandfunction generatesareportoftheOOfileandfreespace fragmentationofthedisk.*AlsoagraphKOmaybe generatedbythe/GRAPH qualifier;this visualisesNO^thefreespace distributiononyourdisk.(The/USAGEquali-ROfierwillgeneratea diskspaceusagereport.(Thisis especiallyBOusefullif DISKQUOTAisnotenabledonthedisk.WNOThedefaultreportcontains informationoftheVolume,filesLOandthebitmap.*Thisoutputcanbe suppressedbythenew>O5 /NOVOLUME,NOFILEandNOBITMAP qualifiers.+AlsoIOthe/USAGE qualifiercanbeusedby displayinginforma-LOtionofaspecificUICor Identifiersimplyby specifying0O> /USAGE=or/USAGE=.) (*"O8.2BSyntaxandOutput4OUThesyntaxofthereportcommandis:)ODFU>&REPORT%device/QUALIFIERSq 'MOBelowfollowsanexampleandoutputofthereportcommand:*O*DFU>&REPORT%USER3:/GRAPH/USAGE=O%DFU-I-REPORT,% Reporting%on%USER3:& ($1$DUA102:)F*****&Volume%info&for%USER3:%(from%HOME%block)%*****tDVolume&nameDD:JUSER3tVolume&ownerD:JSYSTEMt Structure&name D:t ClustersizeD:J3tdMaximum%#&filesDd:J367618tFirst%header&VBND:J103tHeader&countD:J51547%(1)t;Free%headersD;:J10951%(2)<*****&File% statistics%(from% INDEXF.SYS)%*****Lt INDEXF.SYS% fragments% /map_in_use%:J21%/%61%(39%&used)p(3)t5Total%filesD5:J40595/t|Files%with% extension%headers:J0$tFiles%marked&for%delete*D:J19%,%size&:%25/63%blockst  Directory&filesD :J1957tTEmpty%filesDT:J177!tFiles%with% allocationD:J40418t Contiguous%filesD:J40326%(4)'t,Total%size%used& /allocatedD,:J2492431%/2533209ttTotal% fragmentsDt:J40770'tAverage% fragments%per&fileD:J1.009K(5)$tFile% fragmentation&index$D:J0.692% (excellent)%(6)&tLAverage%size&per%fragmentDL:J62 tMost% fragmented&file D:K$1$DUA102:[LARGEUSER]A.DAT;1%(&180/630%blocks;%30J fragments)CE *****&Free%space% statistics%(from% BITMAP.SYS)%*****!t Total%blocks&on&diskD :J2940951t Total%free%blocksD :J407742%t  Percentage%free& (rounded)D :J13te Total%free%extentsDe :J260t Largest%free&extent2D :J42912%blocks&at&LBN:%2463597%(7)3t Average%extent%size% (rounded):J1568Gt= Free%space% fragmentation&indexp:J0.191% (excellent)%(6)Qt G%free------------------------------------------------------------------t 100&| |6 95&| 6 |~ 90&| ~ | 85&| j * | 80&| j *  |V 75&| jV * V | 70&| j * Z * | 65&| j * Z * |-60&| j-* Z -* -|u55&| ju* Z u* u|50&|** *&* |45&|** *&**|M40&|M*** M*&**|35&|*** *&***p|30&|*p*&***%**K*&***p|%25&| :%*d%**p*&***%*%*p**K*****%*%|m20&| :m*dm**p*&***%*!m*%*&**K*****%*%|015&|*K*K*&*p*&*% **********%*!*%*&**K*****%*%|010&|*K*K*&*p***% **********%**"*%*&**&******%*%|1E5&|*K*K*&*%*****%**************"E*%*&**&******%*%|M/C-------------------------------------------------------------------tLBN:%0: 2940951DtFree%space% distribution,&each%*%=K2100Kfree&blocksN*****&Disk%Usage%Table%(from% INDEXF.SYS%and% QUOTA.SYS)%*****tIdentifier/UIC3Used/AllocatedpHeaderspQuota& Used/PermStI-------------------------------------------------------------------------t^[SYSTEM]-^ 499554/5056264954510580/2000000t [SSG,MRX]( 42079/463562259 48615/60000t [SSG,TESTJE], 189306/2547424935 259677/300000t6[SSG,LARGEUSER](6 47961/502381648 51886/65000 t~. t. t.i??OThevariousitemshavethe followingmeaning:E! = JOm1.JTheheadercountis calculatedbasedonthesizeofA INDEXF.SYS.Ifmoreheadersareneeded INDEXF.SYS hastobe extended.KO2.JThefreeheadersgivesthenumberoffreeentriesin2 INDEXF.SYSbeforeithastoextend.COv3.JThe INDEXF.SYSnumberof fragmentsandmapwordsHinusearevery importantfiguresto determineiftheF' INDEXF.SYSfilecanbe extended.'The theoreticalmax-Dimumnumberofmapwordsis155.*ThisvaluemaybeGlessifthereareACL'son INDEXF.SYS.Each fragment,K0and thereforeeach retrievalpointermustbeinthemap-Hwordarea.-Asthesizeofa retrievalpointerdependsPonthephysicalsizeofadisk,itisnoteasytosayhow@:many fragments INDEXF.SYScanstoreinthemap-Kwordsarea.(IfthemapwordareaisfulltheINDEXFfileJcannolongerextend,andcreatingnewfilesmayresult,DinaSYSTEM-W-HEADERFULLerror.KO4.JFileswhichhaveexactly1 retrievalpointerarecon-Fsideredtobe contiguous.-Thisdoesn'tmeanthatthe:t CONTIGUOUSbitissetinthefileheader.OO5.JTheaverage fragmentsperfilegivesome indicationabout*Lthetotalfilefragmentation.KO6.JThefileandfreespace fragmentationindex classifies$$ yourdiskasfollows:~ hYh0-1:' Excellent Y1-2:'Good fYf2-3:'Fair Y3-4:'Poor eYe>4:&Bad RKWIfyourindexisgreaterthan3youshouldconsiderde-I fragmentingthediskusingDigitalsDFO software,orby4 performinganImageBACKUP/Restore.QO7.JThelargestfreeextentisausefullfigurefor defragmen-Htation purposes.*Youcannot defragmentafilewhenits/9sizeisgreaterthanthisvalue.T*LOThedisksfreespace distributionasabargraph.,OntheJO horizontalaxistheLogicalBlockNumber(LBN)isshown,BO5runningfrom0tothemaximumblocknumber.-Each !@*GO representsacertainnumberof contiguousfreeblocks.QOIfyouusethe/USAGE qualifierausagetablewillbeadded.KOPer Identifier/UICtheblocksused/allocated,andtheLO5numberoffileheadersareshown.*If DiskquotaisenabledIOathirdcolumnwillbeincludedwhichshowstheblocksCOused/permittedallowingto QUOTA.SYS.Normallyquota2O>shouldsatisfythe followingrule:DtQuota%used%=&blocks% allocated%+%#&of&file%headers*  *)+:OREPORT*sIIOCreateafileandfreespacereportofadiskdevice.U+OFormatOsREPORTM device[:]=O ParametersOs device[:]QODevicetobe reported.(Youmayalsospecifyalogicaldevice-O$name.HO QualifiersOs/APPEND=filenamePOThis qualifier redirectstheoutputtobeappendedtoanal-XO$readyexistingfile.)IftheoutputfiledoesnotexistsitwillbeHO|created.'Youcanuse/APPENDor/OUTPUTbutnotboth. O/GRAPHMO(This qualifier generatesagraphtablewhich visualizesthePOfreespace distributiononthedisk.'/NOGRAPHisthedefault. vO /NOBITMAPKO(The /NOBITMAP qualifier suppressesthe"Freespacestatis-Otics"output. A`O/NOFILEOO(The/NOFILE qualifier suppressedthe"File Statistics"output.hO /NOVOLUMEDO(The /NOVOLUME qualifier suppressesthe"Volumeinfo"Ooutput.O/OUTPUT=filenameRO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtoafile.*Theoutputwill#Oalsogoto SYS$OUTPUT.O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.' &O /USAGE(=uicor identifier)MO(The/USAGE qualifierwillgeneratea diskspaceusagereportPObasedonIdentifiers/UIC.If diskquotaisenabledonthediskJOtheblocksused/permittedallowingto QUOTA.SYSwillalsoNO2beshown.(/USAGEisveryusefullwhen diskquotaisnoten-ROabledonthedisk.*Whenauicor identifieris specifiedonlyPOthe informationforthisuicor identifierwillbe displayed.*+*,O 9.2SEARCHCOThischapter describestheSEARCHcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.!!,+- O9.1B IntroductionNOUThesearchfunctionallowsveryquick disk-widesearchesforUOspecificfiles.(Youcanusealmostanypossiblefile attributeasOasearch qualifier.%**-,.{"O9.2BSyntaxandOutput0OUThecommandsyntaxforSEARCHis:)ODFU>&SEARCH%device/qualifiers :[OOTheoutputis displayedonyour terminal.)YoucanalsosortOOtheoutputwiththe/SORT qualifier.(Theoutputisshownin O52or3columnseg:0ODFU>&SEARCH%MYDISK/FILE=X.X/FRAGMENT t. tI.'O$1$DUA102:[USER.COMMAND]X.X;1 o1/3  1/1 t. t!.! WQOThefirstcolumnshowsthefu>llfilename.*Asofthisver-NOsionofDFUthedevicenameisincludedinthefilename.LO5Thesecondcolumnsshowsthefilesizeasactual/allocatedQOsize.'The3rdcolumnisoptionalandwillonlybeshownwhenJOthe /FRAGMENT qualifierisused.)Itshowsthenumberof6O> fileheaders/numberoffile fragments..-/ w&O9.3BVolumeSet processingEOUSEARCHchecksifthedeviceto-be-searchedismemberROofavolumeset.*Ifso,thecompletevolumesetwillbepro-KOcessed,startingwithRelativeVolumeNumber1uptothePO^lastmemberinset.(Youcanoverridethis behaviourwiththeO /NOVOLSET qualifier.*/.0Pw&!O9.4BOutput formattingHOUAnew qualifier/FORMATcanbeusedwithSEARCH.ThisKOallowsthebuildupofacommand proceduredirectlyfromDOtheoutput generatedbytheSEARCHcommand.(/FORMAT.O^hasthe following restrictions: hVKOm1.J/FORMATisonlyvalidwiththe/OUTPUT qualifier,andHcannotbeusedtogetherwiththe/FULLorthe/SORT qualifiers.PO2.JTheformatstringusedmustcontainthe!AS directive(inL uppercase).*Thefilefoundwillbe substitutedatthe!ASOlocationl !cOExample:QODFU>&(SEARCH/OUTP=DEL.COM/FORMAT="$DELETE/CONF%!AS"/FILE=*.LOG&mydisk*f0/1 [/O9.5BUICand identifier processingGOUThisversion introducesanimprovedhandlingofUIC's.FOPreviousversionsofDFUonlyacceptedanumericUICIOinthe/OWNER qaulifieroran identifierinthe/IDENTPO^ qualifier.+V2.4nowacceptsallvaliduicand identifierfor-BOmats(numericand alphanumeric)inthe/OWNERandOO/IDENT qualifiers.' Technicallythereisnolongeranydiffer-TOhencebetweenthesetwo qualifiers,buttheywillbeleftinfor!O compatibilityreasons.j5j51002:OSEARCH*\22OFastfilesearchthrough INDEXF.SYS.U+OFormatOsSEARCHN device[:] =O ParametersOs device[:]QODevicetobe searched.'Youmayalsospecifyalogicaldevice-O$name. frO DescriptionIOsTheSEARCHcommandisusedforquick disk-widesearchesQOforspecificfiles.,The qualifiersdescribethefile attributesSO$usedasthesearch criteria.'YoucancombinealmostalloftheDO|possible qualifiers,unless otherwise specified.&Eg.:KODFU>&SEARCH%3DISK1/SIZE=MIN=10/OWN=[1,4]/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAYOOisavalidcommand.+Notethat qualifierswillbeusedinaNOlogicalANDmanner,thatis,SEARCHwillonlydisplayfilesDOMwhichobeytoall qualifiersandoptions specified.EO QualifiersOs /ALLOCATEDDODefault,"SEARCH will use the actual file size.3TheHO$ /ALLOCATED qualifierforcesSEARCHtousethe allocatedQO| filesize.*This qualifierisonly meaningfullifyoucombineitOwith/SIZE.4 O/APPEND=filenamePO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtobeappendedtoanal-XOreadyexistingfile.)IftheoutputfiledoesnotexistsitwillbeHOcreated.'Youcanuse/APPENDor/OUTPUTbutnotboth.!O/BACKUP=option(,option)MO(The/BACKUP qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon>Otheirbackupdate.'Thepossibleoptionsare:p `mm/BACKUP=BEFORE=date `/BACKUP=SINCE=date `ll /BACKUP=NONEd:HOTheNONEoptiongivesfileswhichdon'thaveabackupNOdate recorded.Theother2optionscanbeusedtogetfilesMO5whichhaveabackupdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.EOTheBEFOREandSINCEoptioncanbecombinedinoneOcommand.+ "O/BAKFID=backlink-file-idSO(Youcanusethis qualifiertolookforafilewithaspecificTO backlink.*Onlythefirstpartofthefileidmustbe specified,`Othatis,ifthefileidis(x,y,z)youmustspecify'x'asthefileid.SO2Youcanusethis qualifiertogetfilesfromaspecificdirec-SOtory.'Ifyouuse /BAKFID=0youwillgetfilesnot belongingto2Oa directory(often temporaryfiles). *O /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...)WO(This qualifierisusedtogetfileswithspecificfile characteris-GOtics.Thecharacteristicscanhavethe followingvalues:} `m(m Directory:' directoryfiles `.Nobackup:'filesmarkednobackup `l6l Contiguous:'filesmarkedas contiguous `1Erase:'erasefilebeforedeletion `k kSpool:'spoolfiles `FBadblock:'fileswhichcontain suspectedbadblock(s) `i3iBadacl:'fileswitha corruptedACL `8Besttry:'filesmarkedcontiguous-best-try `h7hScratch:'filesmarkedasscratchfiles `:Nocharge:'filesnotchargedagainstquota `f7fNomove:'filesmarkedNoMove(VMS5.5+) `?Locked:'fileswiththedeaccesslockbitset `e1eMarked:'filesmarkedfordeletion `= Noshelvable:'fileswhichcannotbeshelved `d2d Isshelved:'fileswhichareshelvedM+#IOTheseveralcharacteristicscanbecombinedinonecom-KOmand.IfyouwantalogicalOR behaviourinsteadoftheGO5defaultAND behaviour,youcanusethespecialoptionOMATCH=OReg:1SEARCH%disk/CHAR=(NOMOVE,DIR,MATCH=OR)* "O/CREATED=option(,option)NO(The/CREATED qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon6Otheircreationdate.'Theoptionsare:{Q `mm/CREATED=BEFORE=date `/CREATED=SINCE=date NTOThese2optionscanbeusedtogetfileswhichhaveacreationNOdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.'TheBEFOREandSINCE6O5optioncanbecombinedinonecommand.#O/EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...)PO(This qualifierisusedtoexcludefilesfromthesearch.+YouQOcanusewildcard filenames;youcanalsospecifiyalistofOfiles."O/EXPIRED=option(,option)NO(The/EXPIRED qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon8Otheir expirationdate.'Theoptionsare:s `mm/EXPIRED=BEFORE=date `/EXPIRED=SINCE=date `ll /EXPIRED=NONEo EIOTheNONEoptiongivesfileswhichdon'thaveaexpira-TOtiondate recorded.Theother2optionscanbeusedtogetfilesQO5whichhavea expirationdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.EOTheBEFOREandSINCEoptioncanbecombinedinoneOcommand. O /FID=file-idRO(The/FID qualifierisaspecialfunctionofSEARCH.ItdirectsQOSEARCHtogodirectlytothe specifiedfilewithout processingROtherestoftheIndexfile.( Therefore,youcannotcombinethisNO2 qualifierwithothersearch qualifierssuchas/FILE.NormallySOafile-idconsistsisintheform(x,y,z)wherexisthenum-NOberofthefileheaderwithin INDEXF.SYSyisthesequenceHO<number,andzistheRelativeVolumeNumber.+YouonlyFOneedtospecifiythexvalueinthe/FID qualifier.  O/FILE=(file1,file2...)TO(This qualifierisusedtosearchforfileswithaspecificfilePOname.Youcanusewildcardfilenames;alsoyoucanspecifyaOlistoffiles.w KMO/FORMAT=format-stringMO(Createanoutputfileinaformat describedbytheformatOOstring.)Thestringmustcontainthe!AS directive(thismustQObe uppercase).(Atthe!ASlocationthe resultantfilenamewillAO2befilledin.'The/OUTPUT qualifieris required.`-O#/FRAGMENT(=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr))JO(This qualifierdisplaysthenumberof fragmentsandfileOOheadersofeachfilefound.,YoucanfurtherlimitthefilesAOfoundbyusingtheMINIMUMandMAXIMUM=options.O2Forexample:ODFU>& disk/FRAG ODFU>&disk/FRAG=min=10*OGDFU>&disk/FRAG=(min=10,max=100)*E! KO/FULLTO(Ifyouusethis qualifier,SEARCHwillgiveafulloutputforTOeachfilefound.'Thisoutputisa look-alikeoftheoutputfromFODIRECTORY/FULL.Youcannotcombinethis qualifierwithO2/SORTor /SUMMARY.! O/HOMEOO(This qualifierdirectssearchtogiveoutputfromthedisk'sMOhomeblock.'SEARCHusesthehomeblockfor calculatingthe=Ofreeandusedfileheaderswithin INDEXF.SYS.U(O/(NO)IDENT=identifieroruicJO(Youcansearchforfilesownedbyaspecific identifierKOoruic..Anyvaliduicor identifierformatmaybeused.BOAnotherwayisthe /OWNER_UIC qualifier;youcan-CO2notcombinethese2 qualifiersinoneSEARCHcom-IOmand.*Issueing/NOIDENTdirectsDFUtosearchforfiles>ONOTownedbythis IDENTIFIER,eg:.DFU>SEARCH'O<sys$sysdevice/NOIDENT=SYSTEM. o#O/LBN=logical-block-numberPO(The/LBN qualifierisaspecialfunctionofSEARCH.Thisal-POlowsyoutofindafilewhichcontainsaspecificLBN.ThisNOmaybeusefullifyouhavebadblocksloggedintheerrorNO2log.(Youcannotcombine/LBNwithsearch qualifierssuchasO/FILE.,O/(NO)OWNER_UIC=uicor identifierTO(This qualifierisusedtogetfilesownedbyaspecificuicorNO identifier.+Anyvaliduicor identifierformatmaybeused.JOYoucannotcombinethis qualifierwith/IDENT. SpecifyingHO2/NOOWNERdirectsDFUtosearchforfilesNOTownedby$OthisUICor identifier.! #O/MODIFIED=option(,option)OO(The /MODIFIED qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon:Otheir modificationdate.'Theoptionsare:}S `mm/MODIFIED=BEFORE=date `/MODIFIED=SINCE=date  NSOThese2optionscanbeusedtogetfileswhichhaveamodifi-OOcationdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.(TheBEFOREand=O5SINCEoptioncanbecombinedinonecommand.uO /MULTIPLEQO(This qualifiersearchesforfileswhichhavemorethan1fileOheader.O /NOSEARCHMO(This qualifiercanonlybeusedin combinationwith/HOME.OOItisusedtogetthe Homeblockinfo,without searchingtheOentiredisk.! O /NOVOLSETPO(Thedefault behaviourofSEARCHistoprocessanentirevol-JOumeset.(Youcanoverridethis behaviourwith /NOVOLSET.?OThismaybeusefullwhendoinga/LBNsearch.O /OUTPUT=fileMO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputfromSEARCHtoanout-SOput file.ThisfilecanlaterbeusedasinputtotheDEFRAG,&O DIRECTORYorSETcommand.O/OVER_ALLOCATED=nOO(Searchesforfileswherethe differencebetweentheusedand6O allocatedsizeisatleast'n'blocks.! O/PLACEDKO(Checksforfileswhichhavea placementcontrol retrievalKO pointer.Thisis sometimessetbynon-DECdisk defragmenta-Otion programs.p-O#/SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2)SO(The/SIZE qualifierisusedtolimitfilesfoundbytheirfileEOsize.Youcaneitheruseminimum=ormaximum=oruseNObothoptions together.*SEARCHwillusetheactualfilesizeNO2for selectingfiles,exceptwhenthe /ALLOCATED qualifierisOused.! O/SORTUO(This qualifierwillsortthefilesfoundbeforebeingoutput.'YouJOcancombinethiswiththe/OUTPUT qualifier(thedefault"Ooutputis SYS$OUTPUT).O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.0 KO/SUMMARYVO(This qualifierwilllimittheoutputtothetotalnumberoffilesMOfound,withtheirsize(andoptionalthe fragmentationwhenAO/FRAGisused).,Youcannotcombine/SUMMARYwithO2/FULL.| U=O3/VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=version1,maximum=version2)GOThe/VERSION_NUMBER qualifierisusedsearchforfilesKOwithinarangeofspecificfileversionnumbers.-LogfilesJO2whic>hareproducedwiththesamenamemayposeproblemsDOwhentheyreachthemaximumversionnumber(32767).FOUsing/VERSION=MIN=32000isaquickwaytofindsuchO<files.*213O 10.2SETIOThischapter describestheSETcommandwiththerelated&O parametersand qualifiers.h324c 9O10.1C IntroductionMOUTheSETcommandallowsyoutomodifyfile attributeswhichGOcan'tbemodifiedthroughDCL commands.+NotethatyouMOshouldbecarefullaboutusingthis function;youmayeas-LO^ilycorruptfiles.)NOTE:Thismuchwanted functionalityisGOfinally introducedinVMS6.0withanewDCLcommandGO$SETFILE/ATTRIBUTES.StillDFU'sSEThassomeoptionsJOhwhicharenotinSETFILE/ATTRIBUTES(suchassettingaOBACKUPdate).*u,,435! 0O10.2CUICand identifier processingMOUAsofthisversionofDFUthe/OWNERand/IDENT qualifierOOnowacceptsallvaliduicor identifierformats.*SeechapterO9.5fordetails.X#X#5467  OSET*M##OModifyfile attributes.^4OFormat$OsSETNfile1,file2,...,@fileFO ParametersOsfile1,file2,...,@fileOOThefilestobe modified.+The attributestobemodifiedarePO$ specifiedwith qualifiers.( Wildcardsareaallowedinthefile-RO|name.(Anindirectfilecanbeusedbyusingthe@sign.(ThisMOallows processingofafilelistproducedbyaDFUSEARCHO-command. O QualifiersOs/BACKUP_DATE=dateO/NOBACKUP_DATEOO$Controlswhetheranewbackupdateisassignedtothespec-UO|ifiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJOChapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOO-keywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sHOdateisused.(Ifyouspecify/NOBACKUP_DATEtheBackup)Odatefieldwillbecleared.O/BADACLO( /NOBADACLMOSetsorresetsthe'BADACL'flaginthefileheader.,ThisBOenablesdeletionofafilewitha corruptedACL.AgO/BUCKETSIZE=sizeMO(Setsanewvalueforthebucketsizeinthefileheader. {O/CONFIRMO( /NOCONFIRM (default)MOControlswhetherarequestisissuedbeforeeach individualMOSET operationtoconfirmthatthe operationshouldbeper-OO2formedonthatfile.(Whenthesystemissuestheprompt,you9Ocanissueanyofthe following responses:YESNOQUITWTRUEFALSEKCTRL/Z 10ALLNOYoucanuseany combinationofupper-and lowercaselettersJOforword responses.*Word responsescanbe abbreviatedtoOO3oneormoreletters(forexample,T,TR,orTRUforTRUE).HO AffirmativeanswersareYES,TRUE,and1.*Negativean-DOswersareNO,FALSE,0,and.+QUITorCTRL/ZLO= indicatesthatyouwanttostop processingthecommandatJOthatpoint.(WhenyourespondwithALL,thecommandcon-OOtinuestoprocess,butnofurtherpromptsaregiven.*IfyouUOGtypearesponseotherthanoneofthoseinthelist,thepromptOwillbe reissued. O/CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY O(/NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRYJOSetsorresetsthe'CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY'bitinthefileOheader. ! O/CREATION_DATE=dateO(/NOCREATION_DATEQOControlswhetheranewcreationdateisassignedtothespec-UOifiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sOdateisused. ! O /DIRECTORYO( /NODIRECTORYTOSetsorresetsthe directory attributeofafile.*This qualifierUOallowsyoutosetthe directorybitofafilewhichwasmistak-FO2inglyresetbythe'SETFILE/NODIRECTORY'command.'IfVOitisdoneona non-directoryfile,thenaccesstothat directory.Owillgivea 'BADIRECTORY'error.) O/EBLOCK[=block]PO(This qualifierwillresetthe end-of-filemarktothehighestPOblock allocatedifnoblockhasbeen specified.) OtherwisetheFO end-of-filemarkwillbesettothe specifiedblock.%  O /EBYTE[=byte]RO(This qualifierwillsetthe end-of-filebytemarktothehigh-TOestbyteifithasnotbeen specified.( Otherwisethe end-of-file>Obytemarkwillbesettothe specifiedbyte.  O/EXPIRATION_DATE=dateO(/NOEXPIRATION_DATEPOControlswhetheran expirationdateisassignedtothespeci-TOfiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sOdateisused.>K$O/IDENT=identifieroruicEO(Modifythefile ownership.,Seealso /OWNER_UIC.ThisPOallows modificationofthefile-ownershipevenifthefileisFOopen,eg.* INDEXF.SYS.Youcannotuseboth/IDENTandO2 /OWNER_UIC./ KO/LOCKEDO( /NOLOCKEDUOThis qualifierwilllockafileforfutureuse.(NothingelsecanVOthenbedonewiththefile,untilitisunlocked(whichcanalso6O2bedonewiththeVMS'UNLOCK'command. O/LOG (default)O(/NOLOGMOControlswhethertheSETcommanddisplaysthefilespecifi-EOcationofeachfileafterthe modificationismade. xO/MAXREC=recordOO(SetsanewvalueforthemaximumrecordnumberinthefileOheader. wO/ORGANIZATION=keywordBO(The followingkeywordsareused as parameters for:Othe ORGANIZATION qualifier:0DIRECT,INDEXED,FORELATIVEand SEQUENTIAL.Thiswillallowyoutomod-VO2ifythefile organizationtypeinthefileheader.(Ofcoursethis@Owon'tchangethereal organizationofthefile.[K1(O/OWNER_UIC=uicor identifierOO(Modifythefile ownershiptoanuicor identifier.+SeealsoLO/IDENT.Thisallows modificationofthefile-ownershipevenLOifthefileisopen,eg., INDEXF.SYS.Youcannotuseboth"O2/IDENTand /OWNER_UIC.^! 4 O/RECATTRIBUTES=keywordGO(The followingkeywordsareusedas parametersforthe>O RECATTRIBUTES qualifier:'NONE,FORTRAN,IMPLIED,FOPRINTandNOSPAN.ThiswillallowyoutomodifytheMO2file'srecord attributesinthefileheader.(NONE,FORTRAN,FOIMPLIEDandPRINTaremutually exclusive,butcanbeGOusedin combinationwithNOSPAN.WhenNOSPANisomit-RO<tedSPANisassumed(thedefaultistoallowrecordstocrossOblock boundaries).AdO /RECSIZE=sizeMO(Setsanewvaluefortherecordsizeinthefileheader._5O/RECTYPE=keywordGO(The followingkeywordsareusedas parametersforthe9ORECTYPE qualifier:0FIXED,STREAM, STREAMCR,:O STREAMLF, UNDEFINED,VARIABLEandVFC.ThisPO2willallowyoutomodifythefile'srecordtypeinthefileOheader. O/REVISION_DATE=dateO(/NOREVISION_DATEMOControlswhetherarevisiondateisassignedtothespeci-TOfiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sOdateisused.AhO/RVCOUNT=countPO(Setsanewvaluefortherevisioncountinthefileheader.]O/UPDATEO( /NOUPDATE (default)NONormallythefile'srevisiondatewillbeupdatedafteranyLO modificationtoit.+SEThoweverdisablesthisupdate(oth-KO2erwisetheREVISIONdatecouldnotbeset).+SpecifythisIO qualifierifyouwanttherevisiondatetobeupdated.O /VFCSIZE=sizePO(SetsanewvaluefortheVFCsizeinthefileheader.+ThisDOvaluewillonlybeusedwiththeVFCrecordtype.*657O 11.2UNDELETEEOThischapter describestheUNDELETEcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.u768 )O11.1C IntroductionEOUTheUNDELETEfunctionisdesignedtorecoverdeletedLOfiles,if possible.*UNDELETEoperatesinasafemodesuchROthatitfirstchecksifthedeletedfileheaderand diskblocksSO^arestill available.+Onlyinthatcasewillthefileberecov-IOered.( OtherwiseUNDELETEwillleavethedisk unmodified.2OUNDELETEhassome powerfulloptions:! w `mMmGeneratealistof recoverablefileswiththe/LISTquali-Qfier.&This qualifierwillnotundeleteanyfile,and therefore-itdoesnotlockupthedisk. `3Undeletemultiplefilesinonepass. `BMakefile selectionsbasedontheownerwiththe(v/OWNERor/IDENT qualifier. `G UndeletedfileswhichcannotbeenteredbackintheirJMoriginal directorywillbemovedtothe [SYSLOST]direc-Atory.)Thissavesan additionalANALYZE/DISK/REPAIRaction.*8 79 n^$O11.2CHowUndeleteworks:OUTheUNDELETEcommandoperatesasfollows:z! b PPOm1.JLockthevolume.'InthesamemannerasANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR:andSETVOLUME/REBUILDUndeletelockstheFdiskforotherwriterssuchthatno modificationsto?wtheINDEXF,BITMAPorQUOTAfilecanbemade.PO2.JSearchthe INDEXF.SYSfileifthe requestedfileisstillQOthere.*Acheckismadeifitreallyisavaliddeletedfileheader.SO'3.JChecksifthedeletedfileheaderandallpossible extension%headersarestillvalid.TO4.JChecksiftheblocks previouslyownedbythisfilearestillWfree.QO5.JIfallthese conditionsaremetDFUwilldisplaythefile*/andasksfora confirmation.NO6.JRebuildsallofthedeletedfileheadersandbitmapsinFmemory..IfnoerrorsarefoundallthefileheadersK_andbitmapsarewrittenbacktodisk.*Thefilesoriginal8backlinkissavedinatableinmemory.NO77.JIf appropiatetheblocksandheadersarechargedagainst diskquota.HO8.JWhenallof INDEXF.SYShasbeenscannedthevolumehis unlocked.VO9.JThefile(s)is(are)enteredintheoriginal directoryifpos-K@ sible,usingthetablebuildupinmemory.+IftheenterF commandfails (probablybecausetheoriginal directoryL isgone)thefilewillbeenteredin [SYSLOST].DFUwill.I createthis directoryifneeded."! NTOIfthe/LIST qualifierisused,DFUwilljustlisttherecover-ROablefileswithout performinganyactiononthedisk.&Thedisk O5willnotbelocked.#! WSOItis importanttonotethatduringthebitmapandfileheaderMO processinganyerrorwill immediately terminatetherecoveryMO5process,andunlockthedisk.*Fileswhichhavebeenrecov-ROereduptothatpointwillstillbeenteredinthe appropiateNO directory.(Asnowrong informationhasbeenwrittenbacktoJO>thediskthisshouldleavethediskinaproperstate.E$! MONOTE:Theblocks recoveredwillNOTbe subtractedfromtheOOVolume'sfreeblockcount.(Togettheactual freeblockcount?O5aSETVOLUME/REBUILD=FORCEis necessary.+Alsoa@OcompletereMOUNTwillresetthe freeblockcount.% [GO IMPORTANT:DFUtakescaretorecoveronlyfileswhoseIOoriginalblocksarefree.,HowevertheseblocksmayhavePO5beenmodifiedinthemeantimebyanotherfilewhichalsohasMObeendeleted.( Thereforeeach recoveredfilemustbechecked.Omanuallytocheckits integrity.*&'  .OExampleofaUndeletesession:&ODFU>&undel&$1$dua102:/list:Oq Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2%found8O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1&found9O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1%found6OI Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1%found,ODFU>&undel/file=*.for% $1$DUA102:2O%DFU-I-READBMAP,&Reading% BITMAP.SYS...9Od%DFU-W-LOCKED,%Volume%now&LOCKED%for%write6O %DFU-I-UNDEL,&Start&search%on% $1$DUA102::O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHAN>GE_UIC.FOR;2%found0O]Recover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%n8O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1&found0ORecover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%y7O5%DFU-S-RECOVER,%File% succesfully% recovered2O|%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA,&updating& diskquota...9O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1%found0O.Recover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%n6Ov Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1%found0ORecover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%y7O'%DFU-S-RECOVER,%File% succesfully% recovered2Oo%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA,&updating& diskquota...*O%DFU-I-UNLOCK,%Volume%unlocked&EXIT*(((98:))*O11.3CFilesmarkedfordeleteIOUNormallyDFUdoesnotundeletefilesmarkedfordelete.JOThisversion introducesanew qualifier,/MARKED,whichLO specifically undeletesfilesmarkedfordelete.,ThisallowsTO^therecoveryoffileswhicharedeletedbutstillopen,suchasKO INSTALLedfilesorevenrecoveryofthesystemdumpfileprompt.)Ifthe/FILE3O- qualifierisomittedDFUwillassume 9* -. 9* -; 9* 9-.)1$O/IDENT=identifieroruicTO(Youcansearchforfilesownedbyaspecific identifieroruic.DOAnotherwayisthe /OWNER_UIC qualifier;youcannotCOcombinethese2 qualifierinoneUNDELETEcommand.2"O/LIST(=output-file-name)NO(Generatealistof recoverablefiles.+NoundeletewilltakePOplace,andthediskwillnotbelocked.+The defaultoutputisO SYS$OUTPUT.3O/MARKEDMO(Consideronlyfilesmarked-for-delete.(Suchfilesareusual-SOllystillopenbysomeutility,suchas INSTALLedfilesortheOsystemdumpfile.4 (O/OWNER_UIC=uicor identifierZO(This qualifierisusedtoselectfilesbyauicor identifier.(You9Ocannotcombinethis qualifierwith/IDENT.5O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.*6<;=7eO 12.2SPAWNBOThenewSPAWNcommandcreatesan interactivesub-MOprocess.+ThisallowsaquickescapetotheDCLlevelfromJOBan interactiveDFUsession.,The subprocesshasadefaultFOprompt DFU_sub$.)InSMGmodethekeyalsoper-FOformsaSPAWNcommand.+Youmustlogout explicitlyto(OLreturntotheDFUsession.D=<>8O 13.2VERIFYCOThischapter describestheVERIFYcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.h  >=?9 qO13.1C IntroductionJOUTheVERIFYcommandmakesananalysisofthedisk,scan-JOningforfileanddisk structureerrors.+VERIFYperformsKOalmostallofthechecksnormallydonebya ANALYZE/DISKAO^command.1ButVERIFYisseveraltimesfasterthan5O ANALYZE/DISK,andusingless resources.i:??OVERIFYchecksandreportsthe followingerrors:; o `mFmChecksthelogical information containedinthedisksHOMEblock `E/EReportsfilesmarkedfordeletion `=Reports mismatchesintheindexfile'sbitmap `D!DChecksall backlinks. `.Reportsmultiple allocatedblocks `BDBReportsblocks incorrectlymarkedfreeand allocated `#Reportsalllostfiles `AEAChecksfor mismatchesbetweenblocksusedandblocksCchargedin QUOTA.SYS.(Onlydonewhen diskquotaisenabled)*<*=.ll?>@!>&O13.2CBasicrepairactionsOOUThe/FIX qualifiercanbeusedtoperformsomebasicrepairFOactions.)UnlikeANALYZE/DISK/REPAIRthisdoesnotlock&VERIFY%mydisk,O"%DFU-I-VERIFY,% Verifying%MYDISK::Oi%DFU-S-CHKHOME,%Home%block%info&verified&OK3O%DFU-I-IFSCAN,%Scanning% INDEXF.SYS&...4O%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP,%Checking% BITMAP.SYS...8OA%DFU-I-CHKLOST,%Checking%for&lost%files...2O%DFU-I-CHKQUOTA,&Checking& QUOTA.SYS...-ODFU>&VERIFY/REBUILD& sys$sysdevice4O:%DFU-W-LOCKED,%Volume%now&write&locked3O%DFU=I-VERIFY,% Verifying%SYS$SYSDEVICE::O%DFU-S-CHKHOME,%Home%block%info&verified&OK[O%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (620,351,1)%RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3%marked&for%deleteUOZ%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (6349,173,1)%DCLTABLES.EXE;937%marked&for%delete\O%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (19745,35,1)%RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3&marked%for%delete4O%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP,%Checking% BITMAP.SYS...bO2%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR,&blocks%LBN%2667141%through&2667143% incorrectly%marked& allocatedbOz%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR,&blocks%LBN%2667153%through&2667161% incorrectly%marked& allocated . .=OR%DFU-S-RBDBITMAP,% BITMAP.SYS& succesfully&rebuild8O%DFU-I-CHKLOST,%Checking%for&lost%files...*O%DFU-I-UNLOCK,%Volume%unlockedOKDFU>`J66OVERIFYcanreportthe followingerrors:D CEK &\ 000000.DIR directoryonRVN1, thendo a SET4 FILE/REMOVEfromthewrong 000000.DIR.P.O DELETED,filemarkedfordelete,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:5Afilewasfoundmarkedfor deletion.O^SuchfilesusuallyexistsasaresultoffilebeingdeletedOwhileitwasstill INSTALLed,orasaresultofasystemLcrash.+Itisnot consideredasanerror.+Youcantryto5hdeletesuchfilesbyusing VERIFY/FIX.SQ k)/O ERRHOME,HomeblockinfonotOK,k Severity:PkERROR Explanation:4TheInfo containedintheHomeBlock.^wasnot consistentor corrupted. UserAction:4RunANALYZE/DISK/REPAIRtotrytofixRtheerror.uR ~K3O INVBAKFID,filehasinvalid backlink,k Severity:PkERROR Explanation:>Thefilesbacklinkfileidisnotfilledin.R^Thisislikelytobealostfile.'(NotethatonceVERIFYre-Nportsthiserror,itwillnotbereportedagainduringthePLOSTFILEcheck).'ButisalsopossiblethatthefileisinaUhvalid directory,butthattheBacklinkfileidisnotfilledin. UserAction:,RunANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR.IftheO\fileisinavalid directorythebacklinkwillbe repaired.K Otherwisethefilewillbemovedtothe [SYSLOST]direc-L tory.'Youcanal>souse VERIFY/FIXbutthenthefilewill4eunconditionallybemovedto [SYSLOST].wS kM.O LOCKED,fileisdeaccesslocked,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Thefileisdeaccesslocked.(Thismaybea'^resultofasystemcrash. UserAction:9TrytounlockthefilewiththeDFUSET2Rcommand,ortheDCLUNLOCKcommand.T =O LOSTHDR1,filefoundin nonexistent directory,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Duringthelostfilecheckafilewasdis-G^coveredina nonexistent directory.-ThiserrorcanbeJcausedasfollows:'seta directoryfileto NODIRECTORYanddeleteit. UserAction:7Run VERIFY/FIXtomovethefiletothe [SYSLOST] directory.U! &AO LOSTHDR2,filefoundin directorywithbadback-( link, Severity:PWARNING^ Explanation:<^Duringthelostfilecheckafilewasdis-Jcoveredinavalid directory.)However,the directoryhasLaninvalid backlink.(Thiserrorcanbecausedbydoinga3hSET FILE/REMOVEofa directoryfile. UserAction:7Run VERIFY/FIXtomovethe directorytoF\the [SYSLOST] directory.)Thenmovethe directorybackQtothecorrect location.'Thefilesinthe directoryshouldbe  accesibleagain.VuU9O LOSTHDR3,filefoundininvalid directory,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Duringthelostfilecheckafilewasdis-I^coveredina directorywhichisnotavalid directory.OEitherthefilehasawrong backlink,orthe directoryfile9hasthe directoryfile attributenotset. UserAction:6Lookupthe directoryanduseDFUSETPtosetthe directorybit.(Ifthe directoryfilewasOKthen8\run VERIFY/FIXtorecoverthelostfile.YEDFW! 2O LOSTHDR4,notfoundina directory,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:/Whenthe/DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifierP^isused,DFUdetectsfileswhichhaveavalidbacklinkbutMwhicharenotseeninthe directory.(Thiscanberepairedwith/FIX. UserAction:9Using/FIXwillenterthesefilesinthecorrect directory.dX :2O MULTALLOC,blocksmultiple allocated,k Severity:PkERROR Explanation:9Afilehasblocks allocatedwhichalreadyG^belongtoanotherfile.+NotethatVERIFYwillmakeaHsecondpassthrough INDEXF.SYStoreportallthefilesQ involved.(Thisisaseriouserror,andmaybearesultofaGhdiskbeingmountedontwo seperated VAXClusters(ora# partitioned VAXCluster).\ UserAction:3\CopyallthefilesfoundtoanotherC location.1Nextallthefilesmustbedeleted.2RunA VERIFY/REBUILDtorepairtheBITMAP.Alltheaf-Neflictedfilesmustbemanually inspectedtoseewhichfiles1arevalidandwhichare corrupted.Ykm9O NOBITCLR,DeletedfileheadermarkedBUSY,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:9Afilewasdeleted.)The correspondingbitL^intheINDEXFbitmapshouldbeclearedbutisstillset.+Thisisnotaseriouserror.R UserAction:3RRunVERIFY/REBUILDtofixtheerror.ZkX8O NOBITSET,indexfilebitmapbitnotset,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:9Avalidfilewasfound,butthecorre-J^spondingindexfilebitmapbitisclear.-Thisisnotaseriouserror.R UserAction:3RRunVERIFY/REBUILDtofixtheerror.O[ %)O NOOWNER,filehasnoowner,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:8AfilewasfoundwithUIC[0,0]asthe6^owner.'Thisisnotanormal situation. UserAction:=Lookupthefileandmodifythefileowner.n\ /D=O QUOTAERR,UIC[x,y]hasnblocksused,QUOTA( indicatesmblocks, Severity:PWARNING^ Explanation:7^Ifadiskhas diskquotaenabled,VERIFYG calculatestheblocksusedandcomparesthemwiththeHvalueinthe QUOTA.SYSfile.(Anymismatchis reported.JhThiserrorisoftenseenwhenVERIFYisrun,andthereMis concurrentfileactivityonthedisk.-Also,ifafteraAsystemcrashthediskismountedwith /NOREBUILDCrsuchQuota mismatchesmayexist.(ReRunVERIFYwith;/LOCKtoseeiftheerrorisstillthere.e UserAction:/eRunVERIFY/REBUILDtorebuildthe=QUOTAfile.)Orruna DISKQUOTA>REBUILDcom-mand.] 3O SLFBAKFID,backlinkpointstoitself,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:7Thiserror indicatesthatDFUhasfoundO^a directorywithabacklinkpointingtoitself.'ThisfeatureJisonlyallowedfortheMFD 000000.DIR.ThiserrorwillEresultin ANALYZE/DISKgoingintoa COMputableloop. UserAction:3Run VERIFY/FIXtomovethe directoryFtothe [SYSLOST] directory.)Thenremovethe directoryB\entryfromitselfwithaSET FILE/REMOVEcommand.GThefilesinthe directoryshouldbe accesibleagain.  F E:^OVERIFY*_d`::OVERIFYadevicefordisk structureerrors.Ua+OFormatOsVERIFYN device[:]vbLO ParametersOsdevice(OThedevicetobe verified.HcO QualifiersOs/APPEND=filenamePOThis qualifier redirectstheoutputtobeappendedtoanal-XO$readyexistingfile.)IftheoutputfiledoesnotexistsitwillbeHO|created.'Youcanuse/APPENDor/OUTPUTbutnotboth.d O/DIRECTORY_SCANOO(Performsafull directoryscan.(Thismaytakeupsometime,OObutitallows detectionof mismatchesbetweenthe directoriesOand INDEXF.SYS.eKO/FIXO(/NOFIX (default)IORepairerrorsonthedisk.0FilemarkedfordeletewillNObedeletedandlostfilesand directorieswillbemovedtoO2 [SYSLOST].tf JO/LOCKO(/NOLOCK (default)QOLocksthediskforfileallocation/deletion.)Thisgivesacon-QOsistentreportforthedisk,butotherusersmay experienceaPO2delaywhen accessingthedisk.'Thedevicewillbeunlockeda-OtheendoftheVERIFYcommand.gXO/OUTPUT=filenameRO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtoafile.*TheoutputwillFOalsogoto SYS$OUTPUT.CAUTION:ifyouuse/LOCKinIO combinationwith/OUTPUTbecarefulltospecifyanout-MO2putfileonANOTHERdisk,orDFUwillfinishwithasevereOerror.hO/REBUILDO( /NOREBUILD (default)JOPerformavolumerebuild.,Usingthis qualifierwilltem-7Oporarilylockthediskforotherusers.iO /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.*j   !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"############$$$$$%%%%&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'(()))))))))**************+,---.////011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111123345555555555555555555555555555567778888888889:;;;;;;;;;;;;<=>>>>>???@@@AAAABCCDDDDDDDDDDDDEEEEEEEFFFFFFFFFFFFF1. Introduction1. Introduction1.1 Support on DFU1.2 General description1.2 General description1.2 General description1.2 General description1.2 General description1.3 New features of V2.41.3 New features of V2.41.3 New features of V2.41.3 New features of V2.41.3 New features of V2.4&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters2. Using DFU!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU&2.4 Using an indirect file list&2.4 Using an indirect file list"3. The SMG output interface!3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG83.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands3.5 Side effects3.5 Side effects4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics5. DEFRAG5.1 Description5.1 Description5.1 Description5.2 Error messages5.2 Error messages5.2 Error messages DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG6. DELETE6.1 Introduction6.1 Introduction6.1 Introduction6.1 Introduction DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE7. DIRECTORY7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction.7.2 Discussion of directory compression.7.2 Discussion of directory compression.7.2 Discussion of directory compression.7.2 Discussion of directory compression.7.2 Discussion of directory compression7.3 Output formatting7.3 Output formatting7.3 Output formatting7.3 Output formattingDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORY8. REPORT8.1 Description8.1 Description8.2 Syntax and Output8.2 Syntax and Output8.2 Syntax and Output8.2 Syntax and Output8.2 Syntax and Output8.2 Syntax and Output8.2 Syntax and Output8.2 Syntax and Output8.2 Syntax and Output REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT9. SEARCH9.1 Introduction9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output 9.3 Volume Set processing9.4 Output formatting9.4 Output formatting9.4 Output formatting9.4 Output formatting(9.5 UIC and identifier processing SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH10. SET10.1 Introduction10.1 Introduction)10.2 UIC and identifier processing SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET11. UNDELETE11.1 Introduction11.1 Introduction11.1 Introduction11.2 How Undelete works11.2 How Undelete works11.2 How Undelete works11.2 How Undelete works11.2 How Undelete works11.2 How Undelete works11.2 How Undelete works11.2 How Undelete works11.2 How Undelete works#11.3 Files marked for delete)11.4 UIC and identifier processingUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETE12. SPAWN13. VERIFY13.1 Introduction13.1 Introduction13.1 Introduction13.1 Introduction13.1 Introduction 13.2 Basic repair actions 13.2 Basic repair actions 13.2 Basic repair actions13.3 Directory scanning13.3 Directory scanning13.3 Directory scanning#13.4 Advanced repair actions#13.4 Advanced repair actions#13.4 Advanced repair actions#13.4 Advanced repair actions13.5 Interpreting errors13.6 Error reporting13.6 Error reporting5ALLOCCLR, blocks incorrectly marked allocated,0ALLOCSET, blocks incorrectly marked free,/BADBLOCK, file has suspected bad blocks,2BADEXTLNK, link to extension header broken,@BADMFDLNK, directory has backlink to 000000.DIR on RVN n,'DELETED, file marked for delete,'ERRHOME, Home block info not OK,,INVBAKFID, file has invalid backlink,'LOCKED, file is deaccess locked,5LOSTHDR1, file found in nonexistent directory,=LOSTHDR2, file found in directory with bad back- link,1LOSTHDR3, file found in invalid directory,*LOSTHDR4, not found in a directory,,MULTALLOC, blocks multiple allocated,1NOBITCLR, Deleted file header marked BUSY,/NOBITSET, index file bitmap bit not set,"NOOWNER, file has no owner,GQUOTAERR, UIC [x,y] has n blocks used, QUOTA indicates m blocks,,SLFBAKFID, backlink points to itself, VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY  ch1 hd1_1 hd1_2 hd1_3 hd1_4 ch2 hd2_1+ hd2_23 hd2_39 hd2_4; ch3< hd3_1= hd3_2> hd3_3B hd3_4F hd3_5H ch4T ch5U hd5_1X hd5_2[defragf ch6g hd6_1kdeletez ch7{ hd7_1 hd7_2 hd7_3directory ch8 hd8_1 hd8_2report ch9 hd9_1 hd9_2 hd9_3 hd9_4 hd9_5search ch10hd10_1hd10_2 set ch11hd11_1 hd11_2)hd11_3*hd11_4+undelete7 ch128 ch139hd13_1>hd13_2Ahd13_3Dhd13_4Hhd13_5Ihd13_6^verify B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-180-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-100-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1/-ADOBE-Symbol-*-R-*--*-140-*-*-P-*-*-*@-ADOBE-Courier-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-M-*-ISO8859-1B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1M -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Bold-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1t   lrsT  \B" ''/r2p:57v8H94:J?>AZCLNNXPQ WW.[<dem sjtfP t@!d*Nj5r,X#(,  l62iP< 0[SYSHLP]DFU024.DECW$BOOKSHELFw}tlHIlJHIlJBOOK\dfu024\DFU V2.4 0[SYSHLP]DFU024.HTMLDBD2UZ7'w}t"B BlHIlJHIlJ>  M ( 1 * C  DFU V2.4  !

DFU V2.4






Abstract

7DFU Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS VAX and Alpha 

(Revision Information: This manual supersedes V2.2 

Date: August 1996 

$Operating System: 1OpenVMS VAX V5.5-2 thru 7.1, Alpha V6.1 thru 7.1 

Note: Part of the Freeware CD-ROM 




*OpenVMS Freeware for VAX and AXP Systems 

:The OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM contains free software tools 6and utilities to aid software developers in creating 6applications and managing and using OpenVMS systems. 

9Many of these tools are popular packages already widely 9known and in use, while others are internally developed 9Digital tools our engineers are making available to our =OpenVMS customers. For example, the OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM 9includes Bliss-32 for OpenVMS VAX, Bliss-32 for OpenVMS $AXP, and Bliss-64 for OpenVMS AXP. 

/Disclaimer on Testing, Quality, and Licensing 

8The OpenVMS Freeware for VAX and AXP Systems CD-ROM is 7provided "AS IS" without warranty. Digital imposes no =restrictions on its distribution, nor on the redistribution 8of anything on it. Be aware, however, that some of the 8packages on the CD-ROM may carry restrictions on their <use imposed by the original authors. Therefore, you should =carefully read the documentation accompanying the products. 

:Digital Equipment Corporation is providing this software 6free of charge and without warranty. Included in the 6[FREEWARE] directory on this CD are the GNU software 8licenses. Unless otherwise stated in sources or source ;packages, the GNU licenses cover all software supplied on this CD. 

=Digital makes no claims about the quality of this software. 3It is provided to the customer as a free service. $

Copyright©August 1996




5

Contents

  


;

Chapter 1
Introduction



=The Disk and File Utilities (DFU) is a high perfomance tool Imeant as an aid to the system manager who is responsible for monitoring /and maintaining disks, files and directories. IIt makes use of low level I/O features of VMS. As a result a high level @of performance is reached with minimal overhead on the system. CDFU supports all types of disk sets which comply to the VMS ODS-2 standard ?such as volume sets, stripe sets , shadow sets and RAID sets, and combinations of these. 

DDFU does NOT work on Spiralog disks. Trying to use DFU on spiralog Fdisks will produce the error "%DFU-E-NOTF11, Device does not have an ODS-2 filesystem" .  6

1.1 Support on DFU



;Although there is no official support on DFU you may send 1questions/remarks/bug-reports to the author via /internet address dorland@utrtsc.enet.dec.com. EA next version of DFU will no longer work on VMS 5.5-2 and VMS 6.0.  ;

1.2 General description



@DFU provides the following functions (in alphabetical order) : 

    I
  • DEFRAG : This function allows simple defragmentation of a file or a list of files. F
  • DELETE : This function allows either a delete by file-id, or a fast delete Hof a complete directory or directory tree with all its subdirectories. 1
  • DIRECTORY : This function has 6 options : 
      
    1. COMPRESS a directory )
    2. DUMP a directory block by block 5
    3. CREATE a directory with a preallocated size A
    4. Search all directories on the disk for files which have multiple versions C
    5. Search all directories on the disk for alias file entries B
    6. Search all directories on the disk for empty directories 
    H
  • REPORT : Generates a file and free space report for a disk. Also a @disk space usage report, based on UIC's or identifiers, can be generated, even *on a disk which has disk quota disabled. I
  • SEARCH : Look up files on a disk by specific file attributes (eg. +files sizes, dates, ownership, and so on) H
  • SET : This functions allows setting of file attributes which are %not available through DCL commands. 1
  • UNDELETE : A safe file recovery function. =
  • VERIFY : This function performs a fast disk structure verification 9and can optionally repair certain disk structure errors ((comparable with ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR).  

    DEach function is described in detail in the corresponding chapter. 

    HDFU is supported on OpenVMS VAX V5.5-2 through V7.1, and OpenVMS Alpha V6.1 thru EV7.1. DFU has been tested on the Field test versions of VMS 7.1; so Gfar no problems have been found. The official freeware release of DFU will 7be distributed with the official release of VMS V7.1.  =

    1.3 New features of V2.4

    

    ?This version of DFU offers several improved and new features, "as well as a couple of bugfixes. %The new functions and features are: 

      G
    • Improved handling of UIC's and Identifiers. DFU now accepts all Cvalid numeric and alphanumeric UIC's and identifiers. This option Fis used in the /OWNER and /IDENTIFIER qualifier. The SEARCH, SET and UNDELETE commands use these qualifiers. E
    • In some cases the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier was too restrictive; $therefore it has been removed from 9the DIRECTORY/COMPRESS, DELETE/DIR and the SET command. ;
    • Output formatting is now possible on the SEARCH and DIRECTORY/VERSION Hcommands via the /FORMAT qualifier. This allows the building of action DDCL command procedures directly from the output of these commands. F
    • Output file handling : the new /APPEND qualifier allows DFU to add Boutput to an existing output file instead of creating a new one. I
    • DELETE/DIRECTORY : the new /KEEP qualifier allows preservation of the 8directory tree; only the directory content is deleted. B
    • SEARCH : added the /OVER_ALLOCATED qualifier to search for over allocated files. F
    • REPORT : Several new qualifiers allow control over the output. The /USAGE Bqualifier can now also be used as /USAGE=<uic> to report a specific uic or identifier. =
    • UNDELETE: ability to undelete files marked for delete A
    • VERIFY : several enhancements. VERIFY /DIRECTORY allows a complete Adirectory check; this results in better detection of lost files Aand some cases of directory problems. Note that /DIRECTORY_SCAN &replaces the DIRECTORY/CHECK comand. DAlso incorrect backlinks of the Master File Directory (000000.DIR) can now be repaired. EFinally the output of multiple allocated blocks has been improved ( is now sorted by LBN's). 
    

    %The following bugs have been fixed: 

      D
    • On VAX/VMS V5.5-2 without the patch on SMGSHR installed, DFU could >exit with an ACCVIO error. A workaround has been build in to avoid this problem. A
    • When processing a corrupt directory DFU could end with an 6ACCVIO error. This has been fixed by better checking of the directory file. )
    • SET/MAXREC did not work properly. I
    • If, during an UNDELETE command CTRL/Y was entered an extra RETURN Chad to be given to abort the UNDELETE command. This is now fixed. H
    • VERIFY/FIX and UNDELETE did not always reenter the file with its Goriginal version number. DFU will now enter the file with the correct Cversion number, or the next higher version if the current version already exists. I
    • Issue a correct error message when trying to use DFU on non ODS-2 "disks such as a Spiralog volume. F
    • In a batch job DFU could produce unwanted blank pages when the logical DFU$NOSMG was defined. 
    

     C

    1.4 Restrictions and Parameters

    

    *The DFU program has a few restrictions : 

      A
    • DFU can not handle volume sets with more than 32 members. H
    • Due to changes in VMS run time libraries for DEC C DFU.EXE files Hlinked on VMS 6.2 cannot be run on VMS 6.1 and lower without relinking Dthe image. The best solution is to reinstall DFU on those systems. ;
    • The SMG interface may not work at all on VMS 5.5-2. =In that case you need to install CSCPAT_0320 and re-install IDFU. Warning: CSCPAT_0320 replaces SMGSHR.EXE and may have side effects +on other applications using SMG routines. 
    

    EThe following minimum process quotas are recommended for DFU usage: 

      
    • WSQUOTA : 1500 
    • WSEXTENT : 3000 
    • DIOLM : 40 
    • ASTLM : 40 
    • FILLM : 40 
    • BYTLM : 30000 
    • PGFLQUOTA : 30000 
    

    FIf you use DFU on volume sets with a large number of members you may 3need to increase the SYSGEN parameter CHANNELCNT. 

    FIf you use the directory command on very large directory files (> 1000 Dblocks) and run into errors you may need to increase the following parameters: 

      >
    • WSQUOTA at least 1000 + size-of-largest directory file *
    • WSEXTENT : WSQUOTA + at least 1000 2
    • CTLPAGES (SYSGEN parameter) : at least 100 4
    • WSMAX (SYSGEN parameter) : at least WSEXTENT 
    

    FDo not change parameters unless you run into errors such as EXCEEDED QUOTA %or INSUFFICIENT WORKING SET LIMITS.  


    8

    Chapter 2
    Using DFU

    

    EThis chapter describes the installation procedure and other actions !which must be taken to run DFU.  >

    2.1 Installation procedure

    

    =DFU can be installed with the VMSINSTAL utility. During the installation VMSINSTAL does the following: 

      6
    • Moves the documentation to SYS$HELP (Optional) 
    • Relinks DFU @
    • Creates the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier needed to perform the &special functions. (See chapter 2.2) 
    

    1The DFU utility in fact contains just 2 files : 

      !
    1. DFU.EXE : the DFU program *
    2. DFUHLP.HLB : the on-line help file 
    

    CDFU.EXE will be moved to SYS$SYSTEM, and DFUHLP.HLB will be moved to SYS$HELP. 

    BYou can optionally get documentation of DFU during installation. =To install DFU log in into a privileged account and enter :

     $ @sys$update:vmsinstal    8  VAX/VMS Software Product Installation Procedure V6.2      It is 01-Aug-1996 at 13:46.    3  Enter a question mark (?) at any time for help.    B  * Are you satisfied with the backup of your system disk [YES]?    
    

    DVMSINSTAL now asks for the distribution media and product. You can Galso specify the directory where you have the DFU_FREEWARE_024.A file instead of a device name:

     =  * Where will the distribution volumes be mounted: [DDCU:]    N  Enter the products to be processed from the first distribution volume set.        * Products: DFU_FREEWARE_024  8  * Enter installation options you wish to use (none):    -  The following products will be processed:             DFU_FREEWARE_ 2.4    :  Beginning installation of DFU_FREEWARE_ V2.4  at 13:46    :  %VMSINSTAL-I-RESTORE, Restoring product save set A ...      Installing DFU version 2.4    
    

    C The next question will prompt you for the documentation files. H The DFU documentation is available in Line printer, PostScript, HTML and @ Bookreader format. The documentation files will be copied to SYS$HELP.

     @  * Do you want the documentation in Lineprinter format ? [Y]?  8  %VMSINSTAL-I-DOCMOVED, DFU024.LINE moved to SYS$HELP    E  * Do you want the documentation in PostScript(TM) format ?   [N]?  ?  * Do you want the documentation in Bookreader format ? [N]?  9  * Do you want the documentation in HTML format ? [N]?    
    

    BVMSINSTAL now links the DFU image and adds the identifier to the Rightslist 6(see chapter 2.2 for the meaning of the identifier).

       Linking DFU image ...  *  %DFU-I-LINK, Linking DFU 2.4  image...     %DFU-S-DONE, DFU.EXE created    
    

    ENext VMSINSTAL will create the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier if necessary.

       D  %VMSINSTAL-I-ACCOUNT, This installation adds an identifier named      DFU_ALLPRIV.  G  %UAF-I-RDBADDMSG, identifier DFU_ALLPRIV value: %X80010008 added to      rights data base      <  %VMSINSTAL-I-MOVEFILES, Files will now be moved to their     target directories...    0  Installation of DFU V2.4  completed at 13:47    
    

    >You must grant any DFU user including yourself the necessary DDFU_ALLPRIV identifier if a user be allowed to use the special DFU functions. 5See chapter 2.2 for the meaning of this identifier.  ;

    2.2 Security and access

    

    EDFU has some functions which must not be made available for general 2usage. Therefore DFU has 2 groups of functions : 

      
    1. Normal functions 
        
      1. DELETE/DIRECTORY 
      2. DIRECTORY 
      3. REPORT 
      4. SEARCH
      5. SET 
      6. SPAWN 7
      7. VERIFY (except VERIFY/FIX and VERIFY/REBUILD) 
      !
    2. Special functions 
        
      1. DEFRAG 
      2. DELETE/FILE 
      3. UNDELETE '
      4. VERIFY/FIX and VERIFY/REBUILD 
      
    

    7The normal functions need SYSPRV or BYPASS privilege. ?The special functions require BYPASS privilege as well as the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier granted. ?The DFU_ALLPRIV identifier is created during the installation Eprocedure. To enable a user to perform special functions the system 1manager must grant this identifier as follows :

     $ mc authorize  'UAF> grant/id DFU_ALLPRIV username  
    

    >It is highly recommended that special functions are NOT made available to the world. 

     3

    2.3 Running DFU

    

    To run DFU you can enter :

     $ RUN disk:[mydir]DFU  
    

    &or (if DFU is installed systemwide):

     
    $ MC DFU  
    

    :You can also define and use a symbol for DFU as follows:

     $ DFU == "$DFU"  $ DFU  
    

    DFU now prompts with :

     2    Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.4      Freeware version  6    Copyright (C) 1996 Digital Equipment Corporation    	DFU>  
    

    7You can now enter DFU commands. HELP gives you online 5help. After each command DFU returns to the DFU> 8prompt. You can recall and edit commands, just as with 8DCL (20 commands will be stored in the recall buffer). "Use EXIT or CTRL/Z to leave DFU. 9If you use a> symbol for DFU , you also process a single (command and return to DCL immediately:

     $DFU SEARCH disk/qualifiers  
    

    9During a DFU run , you can interrupt DFU with CTRL/C or &CTRL/Y. These interrupts are catched 2by DFU to allow a correct rundown of the current *command. It may therefore take some time 1before DFU responds to a CTRL/C or Y interrupt.  C

    2.4 Using an indirect file list

    

    >There are 3 commands, DIRECTORY, DEFRAG and SET which accept Dan indirect file as input parameter. This is achieved by using the I@ sign. An indirect file is a file containing a list of valid filenames I(each line in such a file must contain exactly one file). Such indirect =files can be the output file of the DFU Search command eg.:

     $ DFU  1DFU> SEARCH mydisk/CHAR=DIRECTORY/OUTPUT=x.x  !DFU> DIRECTORY/COMPRESS @x.x  
    

     


    G

    Chapter 3
    The SMG output interface

    

    IAs of version V2.2 DFU uses SMG (Screen management routines) to perform ?output for an interactive DFU session. This chapter describes Ethe layout of the DFU screen, the special commands used only in the BSMG interface and other items with respect to the SMG interface.  >

    3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG

    

    DDFU automatically selects SMG output if you run an interactive DFU :session on a terminal or workstation which supports SMG. HIn a batch job or a non-DEC terminal DFU will use normal line oriented @output. You can explicitly disable SMG by defining the logical DFU$NOSMG to any value.  U

    3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode

    EYou may prefer to perform interactive DFU sessions in SMG mode, and Dsingle DFU commands in normal line mode. This can be done by using %the command procedure listed below:

       1$! Procedure to switch beteen SMG and line mode  $ DFU = "$DFU"  $ if p1 .eqs. ""  $ then  $!Interactive seesion  "$ def/user sys$input sys$command  $ dfu  $ else  !$!Single command so disable SMG  $ def/user dfu$nosmg x  /$ dfu 'p1' 'p2' 'p3' 'p4' 'p5' 'p6' 'p7' 'p8'  	$ endif  $ exit  
    

     @

    3.3 Layout of the SMG screen

    

    2After starting DFU the screen looks as follows :

     U+-----------------------< DFU V2.4 (Freeware ) >----------------------------+  O|                                                                           |  O|     Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.4                          |  O|     Freeware version                                                      |  O|     Copyright  1996 Digital Equipment Corporation                        |  O|                                                                           |  O|     DFU functions are :                                                   |  O|                                                                           |  O|     DEFRAGMENT : Defragment files                                         |  O|     DELETE     : Delete files by File-ID; delete directory (trees)        |  O|     DIRECTORY  : Manipulate directories                                   |  O|     REPORT     : Generate a complete disk report                          |  O|     SEARCH     : Fast file search                                         |  O|     SET        : Modify file attributes                                   |  O|     UNDELETE   : Recover deleted files                                    |  O|     VERIFY     : Check and repair disk structure                          |  O|                                                                           |  O|                                                                           |  O+----------------------------------Statistics-------------------------------+  O|                                                                           |  O|                                                                           |  O+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+  O DFU>                                                                       
    

    )This screen is divided into 3 sections: 

      G
    • Main Screen : the top part of the screen is used for the output from @DFU commands. Also broadcast messages are send to this window. H
    • Statistics : the lower part contains statistics from the current Acommand. During most of the commands this screen will contain a :progress indicator and a status for the current command. G
    • DFU prompt : the bottom line is used as the input command line. 
    

     ?

    3.4 Special Screen commands

    

    <In SMG mode the following keys perform special functions : 

      =
    • DO : invokes a subprocess (same as the SPAWN command) H
    • HELP or PF2 : invokes a special SMG window for the help command. #
    • CTRL/W : redraws the screen @
    • PF4 : creates a screen dump into the file DFU_SCREEN.TXT 5
    • PREV SCREEN : Scrolls back the output screen. 7
    • NEXT SCREEN : Scrolls forward the output screen 4
    • SELECT : Toggles between 80 and 132 columns. 
    

    EAlthough only some 20 lines are visible in the output (main) screen ADFU in fact remembers 500 output lines. You can scroll back and Aforward through these lines with the NEXT and PREV SCREEN keys. CAt the beginning of each new DFU command these lines are cleared. 

    HOn a workstation with DecWindows/Motif you can change the DecTerm size >to be more than the standard 24 lines. DFU's SMG screen will automatically .adjust to the screen size of such a DecTerm.  4

    3.5 Side effects

    

    EThere are a few side effects when using SMG mode. CTRL/C and CTRL/Y Eare catched but not echoed. Also all broadcast messages are trapped Dand will be displayed in the main screen at the end of the current IDFU command. Sometimes this may slightly disrupt the main screen, which &can be repaired with the CTRL/W key. 

    @Further, during the execution of a DFU command the cursor will disappear. DAfter the command finishes the cursor will reappear at the DFU> prompt.  


    9

    Chapter 4
    DFU basics

    

    BNote : this chapter is meant for first time users of DFU. If you already 5used DFU before you may probably skip this chapter. 

    GThis chapter gives a brief overview of the commands which can be used @with DFU, and how they can provide the system manager with the necessary information. 

    DOne of most common actions by a system manager is trying to locate specific Ffiles eg. files with a certain file size. Although a lot can be done with Bthe VMS DIRECTORY command this can be a time consuming process , especially if Ithe complete disk much be scanned. The SEARCH command of DFU is exactly meant Hfor this situation. It gives a very quick list of specific files, with Ftheir size, and if needed the number of file fragments. Some usefull SEARCH commands are :

     @DFU> SEARCH disk/SIZE=MINIMUM=1000 (files > 1000 blocks)  :DFU> SEARCH disk/IDENT=SYSTEM (files owned by SYSTEM)  LDFU> SEARCH disk/FRAGMENT=MINIMUM=10 (files with at least 10 fragments)  ?DFU> SEARCH disk/CHAR=MARKED (all files marked for delete)  QDFU> SEARCH disk/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY (all files created since YESTERDAY)  
    

    BOf course these qualifiers can be combined to narrow the search. FAs the SEARCH command scans INDEXF.SYS , not directories, the output Hgenerated by SEARCH may look a bit random (but it is just the order in Cwhich the file headers are in the INDEXF.SYS file). To smooth the output use the /SORT qualifier. 

    IAnother important action for a system manager is to gather some overall Hdisk information , such as number of files , free space statistics and Dfragmentation information. The REPORT command will generate such a Hdisk report. To get individual disk space usage information the /USAGE Fqualifier can be used. This will work even if there is no disk quota enabled on the disk. 

    EAt regular intervals a system manager may need to check a disk with EANALYZE/DISK. The DFU VERIFY command provides more or less the same Bfunctionality but many times faster. The /FIX qualifier provides Hsome REPAIR options which (unlike ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR) do NOT lock the =disk, and thus do not interfere with other disk operations. CHowever, the disk can be rebuild completely by using the /REBUILD qualifier. 

    COccasionaly a user will delete the wrong file, leaving the system manager Gor operator with the tedious task of restoring the file from a backup set. HThe UNDELETE command may be able to recover the file if it has not yet Hbeen overwritten with a new one. Much care has been taken to make this Hcommand as safe as possible; therefore no disk corruptions will be the Hresult of an UNDELETE. If DFU encounters a problem with a deleted file it will refuse to UNDELETE it. 

    IAnother type of typical system manager problems deals with directories. CThe DFU command DIRECTORY can handle such problems. DIRECTORY can generate Ireports about empty directories (/EMPTY qualifier) or directories which >contains files with a certain number of versions (/VERSION=n qualifier). DAlso , directories may become internally fragmented which degrades Bperformance. This can be quickly solved by using DFU's directory (compressing (the /COMPRESS qualifier). 

    HA second problem with directories is in deleting a directory with many files. IOn large directories this may take several hours using a DCL DELETE *.* !command. This problem is solved @by using DFU's DELETE/DIRECTORY command which can delete large directories Gsome 10 times faster than the normal DELETE command does. Also, using EDELETE/DIR/TREE will delete a complete directory tree with just one command. 

    HThe last 2 commands deal with individual files. SET allows settings of Isome special file attributes. Since VMS V6.0 this functionality is also Fprovided by the DCL SET FILE/ATTRIBUTE command, but DFU's SET offers Gsome more options. The DEFRAG command is an interface to the MOVEFILE >function offered by VMS 5.5 and higher. This allows a simple defragmentation of individual files. 

    GThe next chapters gives a detailed description of each individual DFU command. 

     


    5

    Chapter 5
    DEFRAG

    

    GThis chapter describes the DEFRAG command with the related parameters and qualifiers.  3

    5.1 Description

    

    GThe DEFRAG command can be used to defragment a single file or a group of Ifiles. You can also enter an indirect command file containing a list of Efiles. This feature allows you to create an output file with SEARCH %and use that as an input to DEFRAG. 

    EDEFRAG makes use of the file-primitive MOVEFILE function. Therefore >files which are open, or which are marked NOMOVE will not be DEFRAGmented. FStill you should be cautious about using DEFRAG. You should not make ,this function available for general usage. 

     6

    5.2 Error messages

    

    1The most common errors returned by DEFRAG are : 

      1
    • ACCONFLICT: File is open by another user ;
    • DEVICEFULL: Device has not enough contiguous free space to move the entire file 1
    • FILNOTACC: File has been set to NOMOVE. G
    • FILENUMCHK: You tried to move a reserved file (eg INDEXF.SYS). ;
    • RMS Errors: Almost always caused by an invalid or wrong file specifcation. 
    

     


    (

    DEFRAG

    

    3Defragment a file or a list of files on the disk. 
    
    

    Format

    &

    DEFRAG file1,file2,@file...

    
    
    

    PARAMETERS

    

    file1,file2,@file...

    FThe file(s) to be defragmented. You can also use an indirect command Ffile (@file) which contains a list of files to be defragmented. This may be :an output file generated with the SEARCH/OUTPUT command. 
    
    

    QUALIFIERS

    

    /BESTTRY

    DNormally DEFRAG tries to create a contiguous file. If there is not enough Bcontiguous free space the operation will fail. With the /BESTTRY qualifier DDEFRAG tries to move the file with the contiguous-best-try method. IThis means a maximum of 3 fragments. You should only use this qualifier Gwhen a normal DEFRAG fails. If a DEFRAG/BESTTRY also fails this is an Findication that the disks free space is too fragmented. Run a REPORT command Fto see what the largest contiguous free space is, and check the free space fragmentation index. 

    /DEVICE

    GThe device on which the files reside. The device name is added to the Dfile name. If you generate a file list with the DFU SEARCH command Dyou don't need this qualifier anymore. However you may have a list Hof files produced from another source and thus need to append a device name to it. Example:

     6  DFU> SEARCH mydisk/...../frag=min=50/output=x.x    DFU> DEFRAG @x.x  
    #

    /LBN=logical-block-number

    IForces a single file to be moved to the specified logical block number. <Do not use this qualifier when processing a list of files. 

    /STATISTICS

    GThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. 

    /WRITECHECK

    <Perform a writecheck on the resultant file. The default is /NOWRITECHECK. CNote that a writecheck doubles the number of involved disk I/O's. 
    

     


    5

    Chapter 6
    DELETE

    

    GThis chapter describes the DELETE command with the related parameters and qualifiers.  4

    6.1 Introduction

    

    0The DELETE command is designed for 2 purposes: 

      A
    1. Delete a file by file id (with the /FILE qualifier). This functionality Dis needed to be able to delete files which no longer have a parent directory. FThis way 'lost' files and (sometimes) files marked for delete can be removed from a disk. H
    2. A fast method to delete a complete directory or even a directory tree C(with the /DIRECTORY and /TREE qualifier). First all entries of a directory are Ddeleted without removing the directory entry ; this saves a lot of unnecessary directory updates. DFinally the directory file itself is deleted, unless the new /KEEP qualifier is used. DThis way a directory is cleaned up many times faster than with the IDCL DELETE *.* command. On large directories DFU may be even 10 or more times faster than DCL. >To delete a complete directory tree use the /TREE qualifier. =The DCL command DELETE [.SUBDIR...]*.*;* will almost always Ifail to delete the intermediate subdirectory files forcing you to issue Gthis command several times. The DFU DELETE command is smart enough to delete Ethe files and the subdirectory files in the proper order; therefore only @one command is sufficient to delete a complete directory tree. F
      The new /KEEP qualifier allows you to preserve the directory tree. DThe contents are deleted but the directory file(s) remains intact. 
    

     


    (

    DELETE

    

    Deletes files or directories. 
    
    

    Format

    0

    DELETE device[:] or directory-file(s)

    
    
    

    PARAMETERS

    

    device

    8The device on which to perform the DELETE/FILE=file-id command. 

    directory-file(s)

    <The filespecification of the directory on which to perform Ithe DELETE/DIRECTORY command. Wildcard file specifications may be used. HDFU will automatically add .DIR to the filespecification if a filetype is not provided. 
    
    

    QUALIFIERS

    

    /DIRECTORY

    ISpecify the directory file which must be deleted. Wildcards may be used Hbut must be used very carefully. Make sure that the directory does not Icontain non-empty subdirectories. Files within such a subdirectory will Fbecome lost after the DELETE/DIRECTORY command (but can be recovered *with ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR). Note that the 6directory file itself will also be deleted. Example:  

    0


    Next page...  | ,Contents   0[SYSHLP]DFU024.LINEh?eh ?׭w}teelHIlJHIlJ> 8 DFU V2.4 DFU V2.4 DFU V2.4? DFU Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS VAX and Alpha Revision Information: Revision Information: Revision Information: This manual supersedes, V2.2c Date: Date: Date: August 1996 Operating System: Operating System: Operating System: OpenVMS VAX V5.5-2 thru@ 7.1, Alpha V6.1 thru 7.1l Note: Note: Note: Part of the Freeware. CD-ROM  2 OpenVMS Freeware for VAX and AXP Systems< The OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM contains free software; tools and utilities to aid software developers in> creating applications and managing and using OpenVMS systems.: Many of these tools are popular packages already> widely known and in use, while others are internally: developed Digital tools our engineers are making: available to our OpenVMS customers. For example,; the OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM includes Bliss-32 for= OpenVMS VAX, Bliss-32 for OpenVMS AXP, and Bliss-64 for OpenVMS AXP.7 Disclaimer on Testing, Quality, and Licensing@ The OpenVMS Freeware for VAX and AXP Systems CD-ROM is< provided "AS IS" without warranty. Digital imposes9 no restrictions on its distribution, nor on the> redistribution of anything on it. Be aware, however,; that some of the packages on the CD-ROM may carry; restrictions on their use imposed by the original; authors. Therefore, you should carefully read the2 documentation accompanying the products.9 Digital Equipment Corporation is providing this@ software free of charge and without warranty. Included8 in the [FREEWARE] directory on this CD are the; GNU software licenses. Unless otherwise stated in@ sources or source packages, the GNU licenses cover all' software supplied on this CD.; Digital makes no claims about the quality of this< software. It is provided to the customer as a free service. __________ Copyright August 1996  A _______________________________________________________8 Contents Contents ContentsA _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1A _________________________________________________ 1.1 SUPPORT ON DFU 1-1 1.1 SUPPORT ON DFU 1-1 1.1 SUPPORT ON DFU 1-1A _________________________________________________ 1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1-1 1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1-1 1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1-1A _________________________________________________ 1.3 NEW FEATURES OF V2.4 1-3 1.3 NEW FEATURES OF V2.4 1-3 1.3 NEW FEATURES OF V2.4 1-3A _________________________________________________ 1.4 RESTRICTIONS AND PARAMETERS 1-5 1.4 RESTRICTIONS AND PARAMETERS 1-5 1.4 RESTRICTIONS AND PARAMETERS 1-5A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 2 USING DFU 2-1 CHAPTER 2 USING DFU 2-1 CHAPTER 2 USING DFU 2-1A _________________________________________________ 2.1 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 2-1 2.1 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 2-1 2.1 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 2-1A _________________________________________________ 2.2 SECURITY AND ACCESS 2-3 2.2 SECURITY AND ACCESS 2-3 2.2 SECURITY AND ACCESS 2-3A _________________________________________________ 2.3 RUNNING DFU 2-4 2.3 RUNNING DFU 2-4 2.3 RUNNING DFU 2-4A _________________________________________________ 2.4 USING AN INDIRECT FILE LIST 2-5 2.4 USING AN INDIRECT FILE LIST 2-5 2.4 USING AN INDIRECT FILE LIST 2-5 iii iii iii  8 Contents Contents ContentsA _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 3 THE SMG OUTPUT INTERFACE 3-1 CHAPTER 3 THE SMG OUTPUT INTERFACE 3-1 CHAPTER 3 THE SMG OUTPUT INTERFACE 3-1A _________________________________________________ 3.1 ENABLING/DISABLING SMG 3-1 3.1 ENABLING/DISABLING SMG 3-1 3.1 ENABLING/DISABLING SMG 3-1A _________________________________________________ 3.2 AUTOMATIC SWITCHING BETWEEN SMG AND 3.2 AUTOMATIC SWITCHING BETWEEN SMG AND 3.2 AUTOMATIC SWITCHING BETWEEN SMG AND LINE MODE 3-1 LINE MODE 3-1 LINE MODE 3-1A _________________________________________________ 3.3 LAYOUT OF THE SMG SCREEN 3-2 3.3 LAYOUT OF THE SMG SCREEN 3-2 3.3 LAYOUT OF THE SMG SCREEN 3-2A _________________________________________________ 3.4 SPECIAL SCREEN COMMANDS 3-3 3.4 SPECIAL SCREEN COMMANDS 3-3 3.4 SPECIAL SCREEN COMMANDS 3-3A _________________________________________________ 3.5 SIDE EFFECTS 3-4 3.5 SIDE EFFECTS 3-4 3.5 SIDE EFFECTS 3-4A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 4 DFU BASICS 4-1 CHAPTER 4 DFU BASICS 4-1 CHAPTER 4 DFU BASICS 4-1A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 5 DEFRAG 5-1 CHAPTER 5 DEFRAG 5-1 CHAPTER 5 DEFRAG 5-1A _________________________________________________ 5.1 DESCRIPTION 5-1 5.1 DESCRIPTION 5-1 5.1 DESCRIPTION 5-1A _________________________________________________ 5.2 ERROR MESSAGES 5-1 5.2 ERROR MESSAGES 5-1 5.2 ERROR MESSAGES 5-1 DEFRAG 5-2 DEFRAG 5-2 DEFRAG 5-2& iv iv iv  Contents Contents ContentsA _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 6 DELETE 6-1 CHAPTER 6 DELETE 6-1 CHAPTER 6 DELETE 6-1A _________________________________________________ 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-1 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-1 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-1 DELETE 6-2 DELETE 6-2 DELETE 6-2A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 7 DIRECTORY 7-1 CHAPTER 7 DIRECTORY 7-1 CHAPTER 7 DIRECTORY 7-1A _________________________________________________ 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1A _________________________________________________ 7.2 DISCUSSION OF DIRECTORY COMPRESSION 7-3 7.2 DISCUSSION OF DIRECTORY COMPRESSION 7-3 7.2 DISCUSSION OF DIRECTORY COMPRESSION 7-3A _________________________________________________ 7.3 OUTPUT FORMATTING 7-4 7.3 OUTPUT FORMATTING 7-4 7.3 OUTPUT FORMATTING 7-4 DIRECTORY 7-5 DIRECTORY 7-5 DIRECTORY 7-5A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 8 REPORT 8-1 CHAPTER 8 REPORT 8-1 CHAPTER 8 REPORT 8-1A _________________________________________________ 8.1 DESCRIPTION 8-1 8.1 DESCRIPTION 8-1 8.1 DESCRIPTION 8-1A _________________________________________________ 8.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 8-1 8.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 8-1 8.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 8-1 REPORT 8-5 REPORT 8-5 REPORT 8-5A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 9 SEARCH 9-1 CHAPTER 9 SEARCH 9-1 CHAPTER 9 SEARCH 9-1A _________________________________________________ 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9-1 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9-1 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9-1 v v v  8 Contents Contents ContentsA _________________________________________________ 9.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 9-1 9.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 9-1 9.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 9-1A _________________________________________________ 9.3 VOLUME SET PROCESSING 9-2 9.3 VOLUME SET PROCESSING 9-2 9.3 VOLUME SET PROCESSING 9-2A _________________________________________________ 9.4 OUTPUT FORMATTING 9-2 9.4 OUTPUT FORMATTING 9-2 9.4 OUTPUT FORMATTING 9-2A _________________________________________________ 9.5 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 9-2 9.5 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 9-2 9.5 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 9-2 SEARCH 9-3 SEARCH 9-3 SEARCH 9-3A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 10 SET 10-1 CHAPTER 10 SET 10-1 CHAPTER 10 SET 10-1A _________________________________________________ 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10-1 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10-1 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10-1A _________________________________________________ 10.2 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 10-1 10.2 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 10-1 10.2 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 10-1 SET 10-1 SET 10-1 SET 10-1A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 11 UNDELETE 11-1 CHAPTER 11 UNDELETE 11-1 CHAPTER 11 UNDELETE 11-1A _________________________________________________ 11.1 INTRODUCTION 11-1 11.1 INTRODUCTION 11-1 11.1 INTRODUCTION 11-1A _________________________________________________ 11.2 HOW UNDELETE WORKS 1>1-2 11.2 HOW UNDELETE WORKS 11-2 11.2 HOW UNDELETE WORKS 11-2A _________________________________________________ 11.3 FILES MARKED FOR DELETE 11-4 11.3 FILES MARKED FOR DELETE 11-4 11.3 FILES MARKED FOR DELETE 11-4A _________________________________________________ 11.4 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 11-4 11.4 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 11-4 11.4 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 11-4 UNDELETE 11-5 UNDELETE 11-5 UNDELETE 11-5& vi vi vi  Contents Contents Contents A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 12 SPAWN 12-1 CHAPTER 12 SPAWN 12-1 CHAPTER 12 SPAWN 12-1A _______________________________________________________S CHAPTER 13 VERIFY 13-1 CHAPTER 13 VERIFY 13-1 CHAPTER 13 VERIFY 13-1 A _________________________________________________s 13.1 INTRODUCTION 13-1 13.1 INTRODUCTION 13-1 13.1 INTRODUCTION 13-1 A _________________________________________________n 13.2 BASIC REPAIR ACTIONS 13-2 13.2 BASIC REPAIR ACTIONS 13-2 13.2 BASIC REPAIR ACTIONS 13-2OA _________________________________________________ 13.3 DIRECTORY SCANNING 13-2 13.3 DIRECTORY SCANNING 13-2 13.3 DIRECTORY SCANNING 13-2iA _________________________________________________e 13.4 ADVANCED REPAIR ACTIONS 13-3 13.4 ADVANCED REPAIR ACTIONS 13-3 13.4 ADVANCED REPAIR ACTIONS 13-3aA _________________________________________________e 13.5 INTERPRETING ERRORS 13-3 13.5 INTERPRETING ERRORS 13-3 13.5 INTERPRETING ERRORS 13-3eA _________________________________________________v 13.6 ERROR REPORTING 13-4 13.6 ERROR REPORTING 13-4 13.6 ERROR REPORTING 13-4_ VERIFY 13-10 VERIFY 13-10 VERIFY 13-10 vii vii vii   A _______________________________________________________ D 1 Introduction 1 Introduction 1 Introduction@ The Disk and File Utilities (DFU) is a high perfomance; tool meant as an aid to the system manager who isE; responsible for monitoring and maintaining disks,A: files and directories. It makes use of low level: I/O features of VMS. As a result a high level of= performance is reached with minimal overhead on the ; system. DFU supports all types of disk sets which 9 comply to the VMS ODS-2 standard such as volume-< sets, stripe sets , shadow sets and RAID sets, and combinations of these.< DFU does NOT work on Spiralog disks. Trying to use= DFU on spiralog disks will produce the error "%DFU-.= E-NOTF11, Device does not have an ODS-2 filesystem" .TL __________________________________________________________________J 1.1 Support on DFU 1.1 Support on DFU 1.1 Support on DFU> Although there is no official support on DFU you may> send questions/remarks/bug-reports to the author via> internet address dorland@utrtsc.enet.dec.com. A next= version of DFU will no longer work on VMS 5.5-2 andP VMS 6.0.L __________________________________________________________________Y 1.2 General description 1.2 General description 1.2 General description_? DFU provides the following functions (in alphabeticalI order) :A o DEFRAG : This function allows simple defragmentation * of a file or a list of files. 1-1 1-1 1-1N F D Introduction Introduction Introduction= o DELETE : This function allows either a delete by_A file-id, or a fast delete of a complete directory orS8 directory tree with all its subdirectories.6 o DIRECTORY : This function has 6 options :# 1 COMPRESS a directory. 2 DUMP a directory block by block: 3 CREATE a directory with a preallocated size; 4 Search all directories on the disk for files + which have multiple versions@ 5 Search all directories on the disk for alias file entries; 6 Search all directories on the disk for empty  directories@ o REPORT : Generates a file and free space report for= a disk. Also a disk space usage report, based on > UIC's or identifiers, can be generated, even on a0 disk which has disk quota disabled.> o SEARCH : Look up files on a disk by specific file? attributes (eg. files sizes, dates, ownership, and  so on)G8 o SET : This functions allows setting of file; attributes which are not available through DCLA commands.6 o UNDELETE : A safe file recovery function.8 o VERIFY : This function performs a fast disk= structure verification and can optionally repair ; certain disk structure errors (comparable with " ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR).5 Each function is described in detail in the corresponding chapter.) 1-2 1-2 1-2A T Introduction Introduction Introduction_> DFU is supported on OpenVMS VAX V5.5-2 through V7.1,? and OpenVMS Alpha V6.1 thru V7.1. DFU has been testedM: on the Field test versions of VMS 7.1; so far no9 problems have been found. The official freeware_> release of DFU will be distributed with the official release of VMS V7.1.L __________________________________________________________________\ 1.3 New features of V2.4 1.3 New features of V2.4 1.3 New features of V2.4= This version of DFU offers several improved and newD< features, as well as a couple of bugfixes. The new% functions and features are: @ o Improved handling of UIC's and Identifiers. DFU nowA accepts all valid numeric and alphanumeric UIC's and_? identifiers. This option is used in the /OWNER and @ /IDENTIFIER qualifier. The SEARCH, SET and UNDELETE+ commands use these qualifiers. = o In some cases the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier was too_@ restrictive; therefore it has been removed from the@ DIRECTORY/COMPRESS, DELETE/DIR and the SET command.< o Output formatting is now possible on the SEARCH; and DIRECTORY/VERSION commands via the /FORMAT_> qualifier. This allows the building of action DCLA command procedures directly from the output of these  commands.= o Output file handling : the new /APPEND qualifier @ allows DFU to add output to an existing output file+ instead of creating a new one. > o DELETE/DIRECTORY : the new /KEEP qualifier allows9 preservation of the directory tree; only the * directory content is deleted.< o SEARCH : added the /OVER_ALLOCATED qualifier to- search for over allocated files. 1-3 1-3 1-3   D Introduction Introduction Introduction? o REPORT : Several new qualifiers allow control over = the output. The /USAGE qualifier can now also be= used as /USAGE= to report a specific uic or  identifier.; o UNDELETE: ability to undelete files marked for  delete = o VERIFY : several enhancements. VERIFY /DIRECTORY < allows a complete directory check; this results= in better detection of lost files and some cases = of directory problems. Note that /DIRECTORY_SCAN_@ replaces the DIRECTORY/CHECK comand. Also incorrect@ backlinks of the Master File Directory (000000.DIR)@ can now be repaired. Finally the output of multiple? allocated blocks has been improved ( is now sorted_ by LBN's).- The following bugs have been fixed: : o On VAX/VMS V5.5-2 without the patch on SMGSHR> installed, DFU could exit with an ACCVIO error. A@ workaround has been build in to avoid this problem.> o When processing a corrupt directory DFU could end@ with an ACCVIO error. This has been fixed by better, checking of the directory file.. o SET/MAXREC did not work properly.A o If, during an UNDELETE command CTRL/Y was entered an? extra RETURN had to be given to abort the UNDELETE ( command. This is now fixed.? o VERIFY/FIX and UNDELETE did not always reenter the < file with its original version number. DFU will@ now enter the file with the correct version number,> or the next higher version if the current version already exists.A o Issue a correct error message when trying to use DFU : on non ODS-2 disks such as a Spiralog volume.) 1-4 1-4 1-4   Introduction Introduction Introduction < o In a batch job DFU could produce unwanted blank: pages when the logical DFU$NOSMG was defined.L __________________________________________________________________q 1.4 Restrictions and Parameters 1.4 Restrictions and Parameters 1.4 Restrictions and Parameters 2 The DFU program has a few restrictions := o DFU can not handle volume sets with more than 32  members. ? o Due to changes in VMS run time libraries for DEC CTA DFU.EXE files linked on VMS 6.2 cannot be run on VMS_@ 6.1 and lower without relinking the image. The best; solution is to reinstall DFU on those systems. > o The SMG interface may not work at all on VMS 5.5-< 2. In that case you need to install CSCPAT_0320> and re-install DFU. Warning: CSCPAT_0320 replaces: SMGSHR.EXE and may have side effects on other- applications using SMG routines. > The following minimum process quotas are recommended for DFU usage: o WSQUOTA : 1500  o WSEXTENT : 3000 o DIOLM : 40  o ASTLM : 40  o FILLM : 40  o BYTLM : 30000 o PGFLQUOTA : 30000> If you use DFU on volume sets with a large number of? members you may need to increase the SYSGEN parameter CHANNELCNT.Y 1-5 1-5 1-5_ _ _D Introduction Introduction Introduction8 If you use the directory command on very large= directory files (> 1000 blocks) and run into errorsE< you may need to increase the following parameters:> o WSQUOTA at least 1000 + size-of-largest directory file / o WSEXTENT : WSQUOTA + at least 1000A7 o CTLPAGES (SYSGEN parameter) : at least 100T9 o WSMAX (SYSGEN parameter) : at least WSEXTENT_= Do not change parameters unless you run into errors.< such as EXCEEDED QUOTA or INSUFFICIENT WORKING SET LIMITS.N) 1-6 1-6 1-6  - A _______________________________________________________ ; 2 Using DFU 2 Using DFU 2 Using DFU ? This chapter describes the installation procedure and_7 other actions which must be taken to run DFU. L __________________________________________________________________b 2.1 Installation procedure 2.1 Installation procedure 2.1 Installation procedure: DFU can be installed with the VMSINSTAL utility.? During the installation VMSINSTAL does the following: ; o Moves the documentation to SYS$HELP (Optional)  o Relinks DFUA o Creates the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier needed to perform_5 the special functions. (See chapter 2.2) 9 The DFU utility in fact contains just 2 files : & 1 DFU.EXE : the DFU program/ 2 DFUHLP.HLB : the on-line help fileR= DFU.EXE will be moved to SYS$SYSTEM, and DFUHLP.HLB $ will be moved to SYS$HELP.< You can optionally get documentation of DFU during? installation. To install DFU log in into a privileged_ account and enter :_2 $ @sys$update:vmsinstalQ VAX/VMS Softwar>e Product Installation Procedure V6.218 It is 01-Aug-1996 at 13:46.L Enter a question mark (?) at any time for help.[ * Are you satisfied with the backup of your system disk [YES]?D 2-1 2-1 2-1  E E; Using DFU Using DFU Using DFUE; VMSINSTAL now asks for the distribution media andS? product. You can also specify the directory where you_> have the DFU_FREEWARE_024.A file instead of a device name: V * Where will the distribution volumes be mounted: [DDCU:]g Enter the products to be processed from the first distribution volume set._9 * Products: DFU_FREEWARE_024RQ * Enter installation options you wish to use (none): F The following products will be processed:5 DFU_FREEWARE_ 2.41S Beginning installation of DFU_FREEWARE_ V2.4 at 13:46 S %VMSINSTAL-I-RESTORE, Restoring product save set A ...7 Installing DFU version 2.4n3 The next question will prompt you for the 7 documentation files. The DFU documentation is 9 available in Line printer, PostScript, HTML and_< Bookreader format. The documentation files will be copied to SYS$HELP. Y * Do you want the documentation in Lineprinter format ? [Y]?HQ %VMSINSTAL-I-DOCMOVED, DFU024.LINE moved to SYS$HELP_^ * Do you want the documentation in PostScript(TM) format ? [N]?X * Do you want the documentation in Bookreader format ? [N]?R * Do you want the documentation in HTML format ? [N]?8 VMSINSTAL now links the DFU image and adds the? identifier to the Rightslist (see chapter 2.2 for the3% meaning of the identifier). 2 Linking DFU image ...C %DFU-I-LINK, Linking DFU 2.4 image..._9 %DFU-S-DONE, DFU.EXE createdT) 2-2 2-2 2-23  I Using DFU Using DFU Using DFUE? Next VMSINSTAL will create the DFU_ALLPRIV identifierN if necessary.1] %VMSINSTAL-I-ACCOUNT, This installation adds an identifier named_+ DFU_ALLPRIV. ` %UAF-I-RDBADDMSG, identifier DFU_ALLPRIV value: %X80010008 added to/ rights data base3U %VMSINSTAL-I-MOVEFILES, Files will now be moved to their_3 target directories...NI Installation of DFU V2.4 completed at 13:47E< You must grant any DFU user including yourself the? necessary DFU_ALLPRIV identifier if a user be allowed_? to use the special DFU functions. See chapter 2.2 for ) the meaning of this identifier. L __________________________________________________________________Y 2.2 Security and access 2.2 Security and access 2.2 Security and access 7 DFU has some functions which must not be made : available for general usage. Therefore DFU has 2 groups of functions : 1 Normal functions  1 DELETE/DIRECTORY  2 DIRECTORY 3 REPORT  4 SEARCH  5 SET 6 SPAWN< 7 VERIFY (except VERIFY/FIX and VERIFY/REBUILD) 2 Special functions 1 DEFRAGc 2-3 2-3 2-3n l o; Using DFU Using DFU Using DFUr 2 DELETE/FILE 3 UNDELETE , 4 VERIFY/FIX and VERIFY/REBUILD? The normal functions need SYSPRV or BYPASS privilege.p8 The special functions require BYPASS privilege8 as well as the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier granted.: The DFU_ALLPRIV identifier is created during the= installation procedure. To enable a user to perform.> special functions the system manager must grant this! identifier as follows : ) $ mc authorize = UAF> grant/id DFU_ALLPRIV username_= It is highly recommended that special functions areS* NOT made available to the world.L __________________________________________________________________A 2.3 Running DFU 2.3 Running DFU 2.3 Running DFUe$ To run DFU you can enter :0 $ RUN disk:[mydir]DFU. or (if DFU is installed systemwide):# $ MC DFU_9 You can also define and use a symbol for DFU as  follows:* $ DFU == "$DFU" $ DFU DFU now prompts with :K Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.4 / Freeware version O Copyright (C) 1996 Digital Equipment Corporation  DFU> ) 2-4 2-4 2-4   Using DFU Using DFU Using DFUf? You can now enter DFU commands. HELP gives you onlinel: help. After each command DFU returns to the DFU>@ prompt. You can recall and edit commands, just as with@ DCL (20 commands will be stored in the recall buffer).> Use EXIT or CTRL/Z to leave DFU. If you use a symbol@ for DFU , you also process a single command and return to DCL immediately: 6 $DFU SEARCH disk/qualifiers> During a DFU run , you can interrupt DFU with CTRL/C; or CTRL/Y. These interrupts are catched by DFU to < allow a correct rundown of the current command. It? may therefore take some time before DFU responds to a CTRL/C or Y interrupt.L __________________________________________________________________q 2.4 Using an indirect file list 2.4 Using an indirect file list 2.4 Using an indirect file listn? There are 3 commands, DIRECTORY, DEFRAG and SET whichs= accept an indirect file as input parameter. This isl; achieved by using the @ sign. An indirect file isT; a file containing a list of valid filenames (eachh= line in such a file must contain exactly one file).c? Such indirect files can be the output file of the DFUt Search command eg.: $ DFUG DFU> SEARCH mydisk/CHAR=DIRECTORY/OUTPUT=x.xo7 DFU> DIRECTORY/COMPRESS @x.x- 2-5 2-5 2-5  A _______________________________________________________Mh 3 The SMG output interface 3 The SMG output interface 3 The SMG output interface< As of version V2.2 DFU uses SMG (Screen management< routines) to perform output for an interactive DFU; session. This chapter describes the layout of the_; DFU screen, the special commands used only in thet? SMG interface and other items with respect to the SMGs interface.L __________________________________________________________________b 3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG 3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG 3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG< DFU automatically selects SMG output if you run an> interactive DFU session on a terminal or workstation9 which supports SMG. In a batch job or a non-DEC < terminal DFU will use normal line oriented output.@ You can explicitly disable SMG by defining the logical! DFU$NOSMG to any value._L __________________________________________________________________ 3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode 3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode 3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line modeF? You may prefer to perform interactive DFU sessions inD@ SMG mode, and single DFU commands in normal line mode.@ This can be done by using the command procedure listed below: 3-1 3-1 3-1  t dh The SMG output interface The SMG output interface The SMG output interfaceJ $! Procedure to switch beteen SMG and line mode) $ DFU = "$DFU" + $ if p1 .eqs. "" ! $ then 0 $!Interactive seesion; $ def/user sys$input sys$commando $ dfu! $ elsea: $!Single command so disable SMG1 $ def/user dfu$nosmg x H $ dfu 'p1' 'p2' 'p3' 'p4' 'p5' 'p6' 'p7' 'p8'" $ endif! $ exit L __________________________________________________________________h 3.3 Layout of the SMG screen 3.3 Layout of the SMG screen 3.3 Layout of the SMG screen: After starting DFU the screen looks as follows :h +-----------------------< DFU V2.4 (Freeware ) >----------------------------+h | |h | Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.4 |h | Freeware version |h | Copyright 1996 Digital Equipment Corporation |h | |h | DFU functions are : |h | |h | DEFRAGMENT : Defragment files |h | DELETE : Delete files by File-ID; delete directory (trees) |h | DIRECTORY : Manipulate directories |h | REPORT : Generate a complete disk report |h | SEARCH : Fast file search |h | SET : Modify file attributes |h | UNDELETE : Recover deleted files |h | VERIFY : Check and repair disk structure |h | |h | |h +----------------------------------Statistics-------------------------------+h | |) 3-2 3-2 3-2r e o The SMG output interface The SMG output interface The SMG output interface h | |h +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ DFU>1 This screen is divided into 3 sections: = o Main Screen : the top part of the screen is used = for the output from DFU commands. Also broadcast . messages are send to this window.A o Statistics : the lower part contains statistics fromB= the current command. During most of the commandsy@ this screen will contain a progress indicator and a, status for the current command.> o DFU prompt : the bottom line is used as the input command line.L __________________________________________________________________e 3.4 Special Screen commands 3.4 Special Screen commands 3.4 Special Screen commandso8 In SMG mode the following keys perform special functions :d9 o DO : invokes a subprocess (same as the SPAWN  command) ? o HELP or PF2 : invokes a special SMG window for the  help command.( o CTRL/W : redraws the screen; o PF4 : creates a screen dump into the file DFU_  SCREEN.TXTa: o PREV SCREEN : Scrolls back the output screen.< o NEXT SCREEN : Scrolls forward the output screen9 o SELECT : Toggles between 80 and 132 columns. 3-3 3-3 3-3_ _ _h The SMG output interface The SMG output interface The SMG output interface? Although only some 20 lines are visible in the output ? (main) screen DFU in fact remembers 500 output lines._= You can scroll back and forward through these linesi> with the NEXT and PREV SCREEN keys. At the beginning: of each new DFU command these lines are cleared.? On a workstation with DecWindows/Motif you can changet: the DecTerm size to be more than the standard 24; lines. DFU's SMG screen will automatically adjust / to the screen size of such a DecTerm.fL __________________________________________________________>________D 3.5 Side effects 3.5 Side effects 3.5 Side effects; There are a few side effects when using SMG mode.R@ CTRL/C and CTRL/Y are catched but not echoed. Also all> broadcast messages are trapped and will be displayed: in the main screen at the end of the current DFU? command. Sometimes this may slightly disrupt the mainn< screen, which can be repaired with the CTRL/W key.< Further, during the execution of a DFU command the? cursor will disappear. After the command finishes the-2 cursor will reappear at the DFU> prompt.) 3-4 3-4 3-4   AA _______________________________________________________ > 4 DFU basics 4 DFU basics 4 DFU basics> Note : this chapter is meant for first time users of> DFU. If you already used DFU before you may probably skip this chapter.= This chapter gives a brief overview of the commandsr> which can be used with DFU, and how they can provide< the system manager with the necessary information.; One of most common actions by a system manager is : trying to locate specific files eg. files with a< certain file size. Although a lot can be done with@ the VMS DIRECTORY command this can be a time consuming; process , especially if the complete disk much be = scanned. The SEARCH command of DFU is exactly meanth; for this situation. It gives a very quick list ofg< specific files, with their size, and if needed the@ number of file fragments. Some usefull SEARCH commands are :DS DFU> SEARCH disk/SIZE=MINIMUM=1000 (files > 1000 blocks)oP DFU> SEARCH disk/IDENT=SYSTEM (files owned by SYSTEM)b DFU> SEARCH disk/FRAGMENT=MINIMUM=10 (files with at least 10 fragments)U DFU> SEARCH disk/CHAR=MARKED (all files marked for delete) g DFU> SEARCH disk/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY (all files created since YESTERDAY) > Of course these qualifiers can be combined to narrow< the search. As the SEARCH command scans INDEXF.SYS; , not directories, the output generated by SEARCH < may look a bit random (but it is just the order in@ which the file headers are in the INDEXF.SYS file). To4 smooth the output use the /SORT qualifier. 4-1 4-1 4-1f e e> DFU basics DFU basics DFU basics= Another important action for a system manager is to ? gather some overall disk information , such as number < of files , free space statistics and fragmentation< information. The REPORT command will generate such; a disk report. To get individual disk space usage < information the /USAGE qualifier can be used. This= will work even if there is no disk quota enabled one the disk.f; At regular intervals a system manager may need toN@ check a disk with ANALYZE/DISK. The DFU VERIFY command? provides more or less the same functionality but manyD? times faster. The /FIX qualifier provides some REPAIR ; options which (unlike ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR) do NOT = lock the disk, and thus do not interfere with other ; disk operations. However, the disk can be rebuild5 completely by using the /REBUILD qualifier. @ Occasionaly a user will delete the wrong file, leaving> the system manager or operator with the tedious task? of restoring the file from a backup set. The UNDELETEe? command may be able to recover the file if it has not< yet been overwritten with a new one. Much care has> been taken to make this command as safe as possible;@ therefore no disk corruptions will be the result of an> UNDELETE. If DFU encounters a problem with a deleted- file it will refuse to UNDELETE it.r? Another type of typical system manager problems deals @ with directories. The DFU command DIRECTORY can handle= such problems. DIRECTORY can generate reports about = empty directories (/EMPTY qualifier) or directoriesa@ which contains files with a certain number of versions? (/VERSION=n qualifier). Also , directories may become ; internally fragmented which degrades performance. = This can be quickly solved by using DFU's directory 0 compressing (the /COMPRESS qualifier).) 4-2 4-2 4-2  DFU basics DFU basics DFU basics < A second problem with directories is in deleting a> directory with many files. On large directories this@ may take several hours using a DCL DELETE *.* command.@ This problem is solved by using DFU's DELETE/DIRECTORY< command which can delete large directories some 10; times faster than the normal DELETE command does./< Also, using DELETE/DIR/TREE will delete a complete/ directory tree with just one command.a= The last 2 commands deal with individual files. SET_: allows settings of some special file attributes.< Since VMS V6.0 this functionality is also provided> by the DCL SET FILE/ATTRIBUTE command, but DFU's SET< offers some more options. The DEFRAG command is an? interface to the MOVEFILE function offered by VMS 5.5o= and higher. This allows a simple defragmentation of  individual files.=@ The next chapters gives a detailed description of each! individual DFU command. 4-3 4-3 4-3   A _______________________________________________________ 2 5 DEFRAG 5 DEFRAG 5 DEFRAG< This chapter describes the DEFRAG command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________A 5.1 Description 5.1 Description 5.1 Descriptionl? The DEFRAG command can be used to defragment a singlee9 file or a group of files. You can also enter anZ; indirect command file containing a list of files.l? This feature allows you to create an output file withe4 SEARCH and use that as an input to DEFRAG.9 DEFRAG makes use of the file-primitive MOVEFILEU< function. Therefore files which are open, or which? are marked NOMOVE will not be DEFRAGmented. Still youm? should be cautious about using DEFRAG. You should notn9 make this function available for general usage._L __________________________________________________________________J 5.2 Error messages 5.2 Error messages 5.2 Error messages9 The most common errors returned by DEFRAG are :E5 o ACCONFLICT: File is open by another usert> o DEVICEFULL: Device has not enough contiguous free* space to move the entire file4 o FILNOTACC: File has been set to NOMOVE.> o FILENUMCHK: You tried to move a reserved file (eg INDEXF.SYS).e> o RMS Errors: Almost always caused by an invalid or% wrong file specifcation. 5-1 5-1 5-1  - J DEFRAG command DEFRAG command DEFRAG commandJ Error messages Error messages Error messagesA _______________________________________________________ 2 DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG; Defragment a file or a list of files on the disk.oA _______________________________________________________o2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG ____________________ file1,file2,@file... file1,file2,@file... file1,file2,@file...A _______________________________________________________> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERS{ ____________________ file1,file2,@file... file1,file2,@file... file1,file2,@file...e= The file(s) to be defragmented. You can also use anG@ indirect command file (@file) which contains a list of> files to be defragmented. This may be an output file3 generated with the SEARCH/OUTPUT command.aA ________________________________________________________> QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSK ________ /BESTTRY /BESTTRY /BESTTRY < Normally DEFRAG tries to create a contiguous file.: If there is not enough contiguous free space the: operation will fail. With the /BESTTRY qualifier< DEFRAG tries to move the file with the contiguous-? best-try method. This means a maximum of 3 fragments. : You should only use this qualifier when a normal; DEFRAG fails. If a DEFRAG/BESTTRY also fails this ; is an indication that the disks free space is too: fragmented. Run a REPORT command to see what the> largest contiguous free space is, and check the free$ space fragmentation index.) 5-2 5-2 5-2   DEFRAG command DEFRAG command DEFRAG commando DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG G _______ /DEVICE /DEVICE /DEVICE ? The device on which the files reside. The device name ; is added to the file name. If you generate a file_> list with the DFU SEARCH command you don't need this; qualifier anymore. However you may have a list of = files produced from another source and thus need to . append a device name to it. Example:L DFU> SEARCH mydisk/...../frag=min=50/output=x.x- DFU> DEFRAG @x.x _________________________ /LBN=logical-block-number /LBN=logical-block-number /LBN=logical-block-number ; Forces a single file to be moved to the specified > logical block number. Do not use this qualifier when% processing a list of files.oW ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICS = This qualifier displays the performance statistics: 5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. W ___________ /WRITECHECK /WRITECHECK /WRITECHECK 9 Perform a writecheck on the resultant file. The : default is /NOWRITECHECK. Note that a writecheck4 doubles the number of involved disk I/O's. 5-3 5-3 5-3  e e2 DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG) 5-4 5-4 5-4  T A _______________________________________________________ 2 6 DELETE 6 DELETE 6 DELETE< This chapter describes the DELETE command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 6.1 Introduction 6.1 Introduction 6.1 Introduction8 The DELETE command is designed for 2 purposes:A 1 Delete a file by file id (with the /FILE qualifier).-> This functionality is needed to be able to delete@ files which no longer have a parent directory. This> way 'lost' files and (sometimes) files marked for/ delete can be removed from a disk. < 2 A fast method to delete a complete directory or; even a directory tree (with the /DIRECTORY and ? /TREE qualifier). First all entries of a directory? are deleted without removing the directory entry ; ? this saves a lot of unnecessary directory updates. : Finally the directory file itself is deleted,? unless the new /KEEP qualifier is used. This way a @ directory is cleaned up many times faster than with= the DCL DELETE *.* command. On large directorieso> DFU may be even 10 or more times faster than DCL.> To delete a complete directory tree use the /TREE@ qualifier. The DCL command DELETE [.SUBDIR...]*.*;*? will almost always fail to delete the intermediateiA subdirectory files forcing you to issue this commando; several times. The DFU DELETE command is smarts< enough to delete the files and the subdirectory: files in the proper order; therefore only oneA command is sufficient to delete a complete directory  tree. 6-1 6-1 6-1H  PJ DELETE command DELETE command DELETE commandD Introduction Introduction Introduction? The new /KEEP qualifier allows you to preserve theE= directory tree. The contents are deleted but the . directory file(s) remains intact.A _______________________________________________________ 2 DELETE DELETE DELETE' Deletes files or directories. A _______________________________________________________ 2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT DELETE DELETE DELETE _________ __ _________________ device[:] or directory-file(s) device[:] or directory-file(s) > device[:] or directory-file(s)A _______________________________________________________R> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSC ______ device device deviceo@ The device on which to perform the DELETE/FILE=file-id command.o _________________ directory-file(s) directory-file(s) directory-file(s) < The filespecification of the directory on which to= perform the DELETE/DIRECTORY command. Wildcard file < specifications may be used. DFU will automatically@ add .DIR to the filespecification if a filetype is not provided.lA _______________________________________________________ > QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSS __________ /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORYe; Specify the directory file which must be deleted.h@ Wildcards may be used but must be used very carefully.< Make sure that the directory does not contain non-@ empty subdirectories. Files within such a subdirectory= will become lost after the DELETE/DIRECTORY command ? (but can be recovered with ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR). Note4) 6-2 6-2 6-2  F a DELETE command DELETE command DELETE commandb DELETE DELETE DELETE > that the directory file itself will also be deleted. Example:( $ DIR EXAMPLE5 Directory MYDISK:[RUBBISH] ( EXAMPLE.DIR;1 $ DFU< DFU> DELETE/DIRECTORY EXAMPLE.DIRT %DFU-I-CLEANUP, Deleting MYDISK:[RUBBISH]EXAMPLE.DIR;1...D %DFU-S-DELETED, File DBGINI.COM;3 deletedB %DFU-S-DELETED, File ICON.COM;1 deletedD %DFU-S-DELETED, File I_FOOL.COM;1 deletedG %DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGICALS.COM;51 deletedSD %DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGIN.COM;79 deletedD %DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGOUT.COM;4 deletedK %DFU-S-DELETED, File NOTE_COMPRESS.COM;3 deleted D %DFU-S-DELETED, File SHOWCL.COM;3 deletedF %DFU-S-DELETED, File SYMBOLS.COM;89 deletedF %DFU-S-DELETED, File TPUBUILD.COM;5 deleted; %DFU-S-TOTAL, 11 file(s) deleted E %DFU-S-DELETED, File EXAMPLE.DIR;1 deletedh_ _____________ /FILE=file-id /FILE=file-id /FILE=file-idl> Specify a complete file-id (num,seq,rvn) of the file: which must be deleted. This qualifier allows the< deletion of lost files or files marked for delete. Example : $ DFU. DFU> VERIFY MYDISK:F %DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK@ %DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning INDEXF.SYS...c %DFU-E-INVBAKFID, file (86,17915,1) 0004CF04$BFS.;1 has invalid backlink e %DFU-W-DELETED, file (537,2878,1) APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1 marked for delete  .d .n .l 6-3 6-3 6-3f t aJ DELETE command DELETE command DELETE command2 DELETE DELETE DELETE? DFU> DELETE MYDISK/FILE=(86,17915,1) G %DFU-S-DELETED, File 0004CF04$BFS.;1 deleted ? DFU> DELETE MYDISK/FILE=(537,2878,1)lN %DFU-S-DELETED, File APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1 deleted? _____ /KEEP /KEEP /KEEPa@ Preserve the directory tree; only delete the contents.< /KEEP is only valid with the /DIRECTORY qualifier.9 /KEEP works for DELETE/DIR and DELETE/DIR/TREE.iC ______ /NOLOG /NOLOG /NOLOG > Do not log succesfull deletes to SYS$OUTPUT. /LOG is the default.O _________ /NOREMOVE /NOREMOVE /NOREMOVEa? Can only be used with /FILE. Default DELETE/FILE will ; try to remove the file from the parent directory.R< If the file's backlink no longer points to a valid> directory this will generate an error. The /NOREMOVE@ qualifier overrules this behaviour allowing such files to be deleted.W ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICSc= This qualifier displays the performance statistics:e5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. ? _____ /TREE /TREE /TREE 6 Can only be used with /DIRECTORY. The delete; command will delete all subdirectories within the ; directory file specified. DFU will first sort out< the subdirectory tree and than delete the files in= the proper order. Thus a complete directory tree iss# deleted with one command.i) 6-4 6-4 6-4  v b DELETE DELETE DELETEt 6-5 6-5 6-5T o nA _______________________________________________________ ; 7 DIRECTORY 7 DIRECTORY 7 DIRECTORY ? This chapter describes the DIRECTORY command with the , related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 7.1 Introduction 7.1 Introduction 7.1 Introduction; The DIRECTORY command offers 6 major functions. 3 < functions deal with all directories on a disk, the@ other 3 functions are used for manipulating individual? directories. These functions are activated by special qualifiers: - o Individual directory functions :s? 1 /COMPRESS : Rebuild one or more directory files.a= Directories are alphabetically sorted lists of_: filenames and file id's. Because file names< are randomly inserted and deleted, holes will= occur in directory files. Such holes will only ? be reused if a file can be alphabetically fittedn> into it. As a result directory files will grow.> Especially MAIL subdirectories suffer from this behaviour.u> To make matters worse directory files above 127: blocks will no longer be cached by the file< system. This will degrade performance on such> directories dramatically. The COMPRESS function< will rebuild the complete directory file. The9 /TEST qualifier can be used to preview the_6 results of a possible COMPRESS command.= 2 /CREATE/ALLOCATE=n : Create a directory with a = preallocated size of 'n' blocks. Note that 'n' < will be rounded up to a multiple of the disks cluster size. 7-1 7-1 7-1I X Y; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORYi> 3 /DUMP : Make a dump of the directory blocks and= formats the output. This option is usefull for < debugging directory files which are suspected8 or corrupted. This function is equivalent9 to the previously undocumented VMS command @ DUMP/DIRECTORY, although the layout of the output is different., o Disk-wide directory functions :< 1 /ALIAS : Scan all directories on the disk for" alias file entries.; 2 /EMPTY : Scan the disk for empty directories_@ 3 /VERSION=n : Scan all directories on the disk for6 files which have at least 'n' versions.9 The diskwide function qualifiers can be used in_; one command; other combinations of qualifiers are 8 not possible. Note that the diskwide directory@ functions can take several minutes to complete because: a complete directory scan uses a lot of disk I/O0 (approximately 2 I/O's per directory).= An indirect command file containing a list of files ; can be used as a parameter to /COMPRESS or /DUMP.g? Such a list can be generated with the SEARCH command.i Example:J DFU> SEARCH disk/FILE=*.DIR/SIZE=MIN=50/OUT=x.x7 DFU> DIRECTORY/COMPRESS @x.x 8 Caution: Care should be taken when compressing< critical system directories. To be safe you should: first use the /TEST qualifier before compressing9 the directory. Another problem may be caused byc: a systemcrash just when DFU is rewriting the new8 compressed directory (although the chance that< this happens is very small). When this happens you) 7-2 7-2 7-2y t . DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY : can recover the files by executing the following procedure:< 1 Do a $SET FILE/NODIR of the corrupted directory6 2 Delete the directory and create a new one? 3 Do a $ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR ; this will move all the % lost files to [SYSLOST]. ? 4 Move the files from [SYSLOST] to the newly created  directory. L __________________________________________________________________ 7.2 Discussion of directory compression 7.2 Discussion of directory compression 7.2 Discussion of directory compressionF: Version V2.2 of DFU introduced a major change in: the directory compression process (issued by the: DIRECTORY/COMPRESS command). Previously versions; always performed a maximum compression , and then @ truncated the resultant directory. This may be usefull= on a dormant directory , but on an active directoryn. this method introduced new problems:? o When new files were added to the directory it must > very quickly be extended. Not only is this a slowA operation, but on a fragmented disk this can lead to  DIRALLOC errors.e; o Active directories where files are inserted ino= a random alphabetical order very quickly lead top8 expansion of the just compressed directory.9 The first problem is now solved by NOT doing an > automatic TRUNCATION of the directory. The /TRUNCATE= qualifier has been added to allow truncation on thef= users request. Also /TRUNCATE=blocksize is possible > to perform partial truncation; DFU will not truncate> below the blocksize issued in /TRUNCATE. (The actual; blocksize will be rounded up to a multiple of theO> disks cluster size.) The second problem is solved by@ the new /FILL_FACTOR qualifier. Here a user can direct 7-3 7-3 7-3  ; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY: DFU to fill each directory block up to a certain9 percentage (between 50 and 100). Not specifying< /FILL_FACTOR is the same as doing /FILL_FACTOR=100? (full compression). Note however that the directory'sE> allocated size must be large enough to allow a lower= fill factor. If that is not possible DFU will issue 9 a DFU-E-EXTERR error, and you must use a higher_< fill factor. So, what strategy should be used when# comnpressing directories?E> 1 Inactive directories : use DIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE.< 2 Not very active diredctories : use DIR/COMPRESS (/TRUNCATE=n).b@ 3 Active directories, files added at the end (such as1 MAIL directories) : use DIR/COMPRESSt6 4 Active directories, files added in random@ alphabetical order : use DIR/COMPRESS/FILL_FACTOR=nL __________________________________________________________________S 7.3 Output formatting 7.3 Output formatting 7.3 Output formattingw2 A new qualifier /FORMAT can be used with: DIRECTORY/VERSION. This allows the build up of a> command procedure directly from the output generated? by the DIR/VERSION command. /FORMAT has the following  restrictions :< 1 /FORMAT is only valid with the /VERSION and the /OUTPUT qualifier. 8 2 The format string used must contain the !AS= directive (in uppercase). The file found will be , substituted at the !AS location Example:^ DFU> DIR/VERSION=4/OUTP=PURGE.COM/FORMAT="$PURGE/KEEP=3 !AS" mydisk) 7-4 7-4 7-4s r t DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY commande DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY A _______________________________________________________E; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY ' Performs directory functions. A _______________________________________________________l2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT  DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY > _________ __ _________________ device[:] or directory-file(s) device[:] or directory-file(s) device[:] or directory-file(s)_A _______________________________________________________T> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSC ______ device device device_< The device on which to perform one of the diskwide directory functions.s __________________ directory-files(s) directory-files(s) directory-files(s)_= The file specification of the directory on which toA< perform the /CREATE , /COMPRESS or /DUMP function.< Wildcard file specifications may be used. DFU will> automatically add .DIR to the filespecification if a# filetype is not provided. A _______________________________________________________i> QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSC ______ /ALIAS /ALIAS /ALIASm6 The /ALIAS qualifier directs DFU to scan all> directories for alias file entries. Only alias files= in DIFFERENT directories will be found (this is the_? most common situation). Normally only the system diskU; should contain alias files. This qualifier can be . combined with /VERSION=n and /EMPTY.W ___________ /ALLOCATE=n /ALLOCATE=n /ALLOCATE=n ; Used in combination with /CREATE. Creates the newd9 directory with an allocated size of 'n' blocks. 7-5 7-5 7-5  F aS DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command ; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY O _________ /COMPRESS /COMPRESS /COMPRESS < Performs the directory compression unless /TEST is= also specified. The output will show the results in ' terms of file sizes. Example:: DFU> DIR/COMP OWN$:[000000]MAILf %DFU-S-DONE, OWN$:[000000]MAIL.DIR;1: 31 files; was : 4/9, now : 3/3 blocks DFU> G _______ /CREATE /CREATE /CREATE < Create a new , empty directory. The allocated size: will be 1 cluster unless /ALLOCATE is specified.G _______ /DEVICE /DEVICE /DEVICEM: The device on which the files reside. The device; name is added to the file name. If you generate a,> file list with the DFU SEARCH command you don't need> this qualifier. However you may have a list of files@ produced from another source and thus need to append a? device name to it. This qualifier can only be used in . combination with /COMPRESS or /DUMP.? _____ /DUMP /DUMP /DUMPC? Produce a block level dump of a directory. /DUMP willB@ interpret the directory entries found in each block. A> directory entry contains a size, version-limit, type; and name field. Next the directory entry containsE: a list of versions and file ID's for this entry.> /DUMP will produce a rather low level output of this information. Example :. DFU> DIR/DUMP C.DIR) 7-6 7-6 7-6   e DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY 4 DUMP of directory block 1T Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(10): CHKDSK.EXE= Version: 3, FID : (1027,1456,0) W Size: 26, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(13): CHKDSK.README > Version: 2, FID : (33892,1171,0)> Version: 3, FID : (1256,11234,0)T Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(10): CHKDSK.SAV= Version: 2, FID : (13947,100,0)EU Size: 24, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(11): CHKDSK.SAVES> Version: 1, FID : (12531,2114,0)X Size: 26, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(14): CHKDSK_LNK.COM< Version: 2, FID : (12314,72,0)N Size: 18, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(5): C_D.C< Version: 3, FID : (32650,32,0)P Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D.EXE; Version: 9, FID : (2675,64,0)oP Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D.OBJ< Version: 4, FID : (9835,117,0)P Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D_2.C= Version: 15, FID : (12428,84,0) R Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_2.OBJ< Version: 9, FID : (8439,119,0)R Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_3.CLD< Version: 3, FID : (9777,178,0)R Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_3.OBJ< Version: 2, FID : (9737,161,0)P Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D_4.C> Version: 3, FID : (10594,1580,0)R Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_4.OBJ= Version: 2, FID : (10177,109,0)e4 DUMP of directory block 2N Size: 18, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(5): DFU.C> Version: 169, FID : (31123,52,0) .  .  . W %DFU-I-TOTAL, OWN$:[SOURCES.FORTRAN.DFUSRC]C.DIR;1: 42 files 7-7 7-7 7-7   S DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY_C ______ /EMPTY /EMPTY /EMPTY; The /EMPTY qualifier will produce a list of emptyh: directories. This qualifier can be combined with /ALIAS and /VERSION=n.c ______________ /FILL_FACTOR=n /FILL_FACTOR=n /FILL_FACTOR=ni< Specifies ,in percentage, the filling of directory> blocks during a /COMPRESS operation. Fill factor may? be between 50 and 100. Omitting this qualifier is theu< same as /FILL_FACTOR=100 (maximum compression). If< the directory has not enough allocated space a low; fill factor may result in failure of the Compresso= operation. DFU will issue a DFU-E-EXTERR error, ande2 the directory file will not be modified. _____________________ /FORMAT=format-string /FORMAT=format-string /FORMAT=format-stringi< Create an output file in a format described by the8 format string. The string must contain the !AS8 directive (this must be uppercase). At the !AS< location the resultant filename will be filled in., The /OUTPUT qualifier is required.k ________________ /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename.< This qualifier redirects the output to a file. The, output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT.W ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICSn= This qualifier displays the performance statistics:C5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. ? _____ /TEST /TEST /TEST 8 The /TEST can only be used in conjunction with? /COMPRESS. The qualifier will show the results of the = /COMPRESS but will not compress the directory file. w ___________________ /TRUNCATE=blocksize /TRUNCATE=blocksize /TRUNCATE=blocksize < During a compress operation truncate the directory> back to the blocksize specified. If blocksize is not; specified, the file will be truncated back to the.= end-of-file block number. Truncation will always bey) 7-8 7-8 7-8  r e DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY> rounded up to the next highest multiple of the disks cluster size. S __________ /VERSION=n /VERSION=n /VERSION=n 8 The /VERSION qualifier directs DFU to scan all> directories on the device to produce a list of files> which have at least 'n' versions. This qualifier can- be combined with /ALIAS and /EMPTY. 7-9 7-9 7-9  m :; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORYI, 7-10 7-10 7-10  rA _______________________________________________________l2 8 REPORT 8 REPORT 8 REPORT< This chapter describes the REPORT command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________A 8.1 Description 8.1 Description 8.1 Description.? The REPORT command function generates a report of theT? file and free space fragmentation of the disk. Also aT> graph may be generated by the /GRAPH qualifier; this> visualises the free space distribution on your disk.> The /USAGE qualifier will generate a diskspace usage@ report. This is especially usefull if DISKQUOTA is not enabled on the disk.@ The default report contains information of the Volume,= files and the bitmap. This output can be suppressede? by the new /NOVOLUME, NOFILE and NOBITMAP qualifiers.= Also the /USAGE qualifier can be used by displaying_? information of a specific UIC or Identifier simply by 9 specifying /USAGE= or /USAGE=.sL __________________________________________________________________S 8.2 Syntax and Output 8.2 Syntax and Output 8.2 Syntax and OutputE. The syntax of the report command is:8 DFU> REPORT device/QUALIFIERS; Below follows an example and output of the report command: 8-1 8-1 8-1o  t2 REPORT REPORT REPORT9 DFU> REPORT USER3:/GRAPH/USAGE J %DFU-I-REPORT, Reporting on USER3: ($1$DUA102:)Q ***** Volume info for USER3: (from HOME block) *****eE Volume name : USER3 F Volume owner : SYSTEM> Structure name :A Clustersize : 3pF Maximum # files : 367618C First header VBN : 103 I Header count : 51547 (1) I Free headers : 10951 (2) J ***** File statistics (from INDEXF.SYS) *****X INDEXF.SYS fragments /map_in_use : 21 / 61 (39% used) (3)E Total files : 40595EA Files with extension headers : 0 X Files marked for delete : 19 , size : 25/63 blocksD Directory files : 1957C Empty files : 177tE Files with allocation : 40418I Contiguous files : 40326 (4) P Total size used /allocated : 2492431 /2533209E Total fragments : 40770 J Average fragments per file : 1.009 (5)U File fragmentation index : 0.692 (excellent) (6) B Average size per fragment : 62> Most fragmented file :\ $1$DUA102:[LARGEUSER]A.DAT;1 ( 180/630 blocks; 30 fragments)P ***** Free space statistics (from BITMAP.SYS) *****G Total blocks on disk : 2940951uF Total free blocks : 407742B Percentage free (rounded) : 13C Total free extents : 260t` Largest free extent : 42912 blocks at LBN: 2463597 (7)D Average extent size (rounded) : 1568U Free space fragmentation index : 0.191 (excellent) (6)i) 8-2 8-2 8-2   REPORT REPORT REPORTrc %free------------------------------------------------------------------ d 100 | |d 95 | > |d 90 | |d 85 | * |d 80 | * |d 75 | * |d 70 | * * |d 65 | * * |d 60 | * * |d 55 | * * |d 50 | * * * * |d 45 | * * * * * |d 40 | * ** * * * |d 35 | * ** * * ** |d 30 | * * *** * * * * ** |d 25 | * ** * *** * * ** *** ** * |d 20 | * ** * *** * * * ** *** ** * |d 15 | * * * * * * ********** * * * ** *** ** * |d 10 | * * * * *** ********** ** * * ** **** ** * |d 5 | * * * * ***** ************** * * ** **** ** * |d -------------------------------------------------------------------f LBN: 0 2940951P Free space distribution, each * = 2100 free blocksY ***** Disk Usage Table (from INDEXF.SYS and QUOTA.SYS) ***** e Identifier/UIC Used/Allocated Headers Quota Used/Perm e ------------------------------------------------------------------------- d [SYSTEM] 499554/505626 4954 510580/2000000b [SSG,MRX] 42079/46356 2259 48615/60000c [SSG,TESTJE] 189306/254742 4935 259677/300000rb [SSG,LARGEUSER] 47961/50238 1648 51886/65000 .  .[ .s8 The various items have the following meaning :@ 1 The header count is calculated based on the size of> INDEXF.SYS. If more headers are needed INDEXF.SYS has to be extended. 8-3 8-3 8-3f  e2 REPORT REPORT REPORTA 2 The free headers gives the number of free entries ina0 INDEXF.SYS before it has to extend.? 3 The INDEXF.SYS number of fragments and mapwords inu? use are very important figures to determine if theS= INDEXF.SYS file can be extended. The theoretical > maximum number of mapwords is 155. This value may; be less if there are ACL's on INDEXF.SYS. Eacho@ fragment, and therefore each retrieval pointer must? be in the mapword area. As the size of a retrievale? pointer depends on the physical size of a disk, iti= is not easy to say how many fragments INDEXF.SYSt; can store in the mapwords area. If the mapword ? area is full the INDEXF file can no longer extend, = and creating new files may result in a SYSTEM-W-  HEADERFULL error.= 4 Files which have exactly 1 retrieval pointer arem@ considered to be contiguous. This doesn't mean that: the CONTIGUOUS bit is set in the file header.@ 5 The average fragments per file give some indication0 about the total file fragmentation.8 6 The file and free space fragmentation index. classifies your disk as follows : o 0-1 : Excellent o 1-2 : GoodE o 2-3 : Fair  o 3-4 : Poor4 o >4 : Bad @ If your index is greater than 3 you should consider@ defragmenting the disk using Digitals DFO software,8 or by performing an Image BACKUP / Restore.< 7 The largest free extent is a usefull figure for> defragmentation purposes. You cannot defragment a; file when its size is greater than this value.2) 8-4 8-4 8-4K V REPORT command REPORT command REPORT command1 Syntax and Output Syntax and Output Syntax and Output> The disks free space distribution as a bar graph. On< the horizontal axis the Logical Block Number (LBN)? is shown, running from 0 to the maximum block number. ? Each * represents a certain number of contiguous free  blocks.l? If you use the /USAGE qualifier a usage table will bee? added. Per Identifier / UIC the blocks used/allocated28 , and the number of file headers are shown. If> Diskquota is enabled a third column will be included; which shows the blocks used/permitted allowing to:@ QUOTA.SYS. Normally quota should satisfy the following rule :M Quota used = blocks allocated + # of file headers A _______________________________________________________ 2 REPORT REPORT REPORT? Create a file and free space report of a disk device.1A _______________________________________________________02 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT REPORT REPORT REPORT _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]A _______________________________________________________ > PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSO _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]S? Device to be reported. You may also specify a logical  devicename. A _______________________________________________________ > QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSk ________________ /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename< This qualifier redirects the output to be appended> to an already existing file. If the output file does 8-5 8-5 8-5   IJ REPORT command REPORT command REPORT command2 REPORT REPORT REPORT? not exists it will be created. You can use /APPEND ort /OUTPUT but not both.aC ______ /GRAPH /GRAPH /GRAPH)6 This qualifier generates a graph table which= visualizes the free space distribution on the disk.C" /NOGRAPH is the default.O _________ /NOBITMAP /NOBITMAP /NOBITMAPf< The /NOBITMAP qualifier suppresses the "Free space statistics" output.mG _______ /NOFILE /NOFILE /NOFILE @ The /NOFILE qualifier suppressed the "File Statistics" output.SO _________ /NOVOLUME /NOVOLUME /NOVOLUMEr> The /NOVOLUME qualifier suppresses the "Volume info" output.k ________________ /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename< This qualifier redirects the output to a file. The, output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT.W ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICS= This qualifier displays the performance statistics:5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. ___________ __ ___________ /USAGE(=uic or identifier) /USAGE(=uic or identifier) /USAGE(=uic or identifier)q8 The /USAGE qualifier will generate a diskspace= usage report based on Identifiers/UIC. If diskquota_: is enabled on the disk the blocks used/permitted= allowing to QUOTA.SYS will also be shown. /USAGE isa; very usefull when diskquota is not enabled on the : disk. When a uic or identifier is specified only< the information for this uic or identifier will be displayed.) 8-6 8-6 8-6   REPORT REPORT REPORT 8-7 8-7 8-7d s A _______________________________________________________I2 9 SEARCH 9 SEARCH 9 SEARCH< This chapter describes the SEARCH command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 9.1 Introduction 9.1 Introduction 9.1 Introduction9 The search function allows very quick disk-wide = searches for specific files. You can use almost any 8 possible file attribute as a search qualifier.L __________________________________________________________________S 9.2 Syntax and Output 9.2 Syntax and Output 9.2 Syntax and Output+ The command syntax for SEARCH is: 8 DFU> SEARCH device/qualifiers@ The output is displayed on your terminal. You can also> sort the output with the /SORT qualifier. The output( is shown in 2 or 3 columns eg:? DFU> SEARCH MYDISK/FILE=X.X/FRAGMENT_ ._ . Z $1$DUA102:[USER.COMMAND]X.X;1 1/3 1/1 .h .c; The first column shows the full file name . As ofn< this version of DFU the device name is included in? the file name. The second columns shows the file sizei> as actual/allocated size. The 3rd column is optional@ and will only be shown when the /FRAGMENT qualifier is> used. It shows the number of fileheaders / number of file fragments.n 9-1 9-1 9-1a e i2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCHL ___________________________________________________________________ 9.3 Volume Set processing 9.3 Volume Set processing 9.3 Volume Set processingy> SEARCH checks if the device to-be-searched is member> of a volume set. If so, the complete volume set will> be processed, starting with Relative Volume Number 1= up to the last member in set. You can override this 1 behaviour with the /NOVOLSET qualifier. L __________________________________________________________________S 9.4 Output formatting 9.4 Output formatting 9.4 Output formattingT? A new qualifier /FORMAT can be used with SEARCH. ThisG= allows the build up of a command procedure directlyE: from the output generated by the SEARCH command.2 /FORMAT has the following restrictions :> 1 /FORMAT is only valid with the /OUTPUT qualifier,? and can not be used together with the /FULL or theT /SORT qualifiers.8 2 The format string used must contain the !AS= directive (in uppercase). The file found will be , substituted at the !AS location Example:_ DFU> SEARCH/OUTP=DEL.COM/FORMAT="$DELETE/CONF !AS"/FILE=*.LOG mydisk L __________________________________________________________________w 9.5 UIC and identifier processing 9.5 UIC and identifier processing 9.5 UIC and identifier processing @ This version introduces an improved handling of UIC's.: Previous versions of DFU only accepted a numeric= UIC in the /OWNER qaulifier or an identifier in theh> /IDENT qualifier. V2.4 now accepts all valid uic and> identifier formats (numeric and alphanumeric) in the? /OWNER and /IDENT qualifiers. Technically there is no = longer any difference between these two qualifiers, = but they will be left in for compatibility reasons. ) 9-2 9-2 9-2   SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH commandv SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH2A _______________________________________________________ 2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH. Fast file search through INDEXF.SYS.A _______________________________________________________ 2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]A _______________________________________________________ > PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSO _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]:? Device to be searched. You may also specify a logicalx devicename. A ________________>_______________________________________ A DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION 8 The SEARCH command is used for quick disk-wide> searches for specific files. The qualifiers describe> the file attributes used as the search criteria. You< can combine almost all of the possible qualifiers,* unless otherwise specified. Eg.:Z DFU> SEARCH DISK1/SIZE=MIN=10/OWN=[1,4]/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY? is a valid command. Note that qualifiers will be used < in a logical AND manner, that is, SEARCH will only@ display files which obey to all qualifiers and options specified.A _______________________________________________________8> QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSS __________ /ALLOCATED /ALLOCATED /ALLOCATED 8 Default, SEARCH will use the actual file size.; The /ALLOCATED qualifier forces SEARCH to use the @ allocated filesize. This qualifier is only meaningfull' if you combine it with /SIZE. 9-3 9-3 9-3  J SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCHk ________________ /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename < This qualifier redirects the output to be appended> to an already existing file. If the output file does? not exists it will be created. You can use /APPEND or  /OUTPUT but not both. _______________________ /BACKUP=option(,option) /BACKUP=option(,option) /BACKUP=option(,option) 7 The /BACKUP qualifier is used to search files > depending on their backup date. The possible options are : o /BACKUP=BEFORE=date o /BACKUP=SINCE=date  o /BACKUP=NONE ? The NONE option gives files which don't have a backup : date recorded.The other 2 options can be used to< get files which have a backup date before or after= a specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE option can be-" combined in one command. ________________________ /BAKFID=backlink-file-id /BAKFID=backlink-file-id /BAKFID=backlink-file-id > You can use this qualifier to look for a file with a? specific backlink. Only the first part of the file id ? must be specified, that is, if the file id is (x,y,z)s? you must specify 'x' as the file id. You can use this-> qualifier to get files from a specific directory. If? you use /BAKFID=0 you will get files not belonging to . a directory (often temporary files). ________________________________ /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...) /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...) /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...) ; This qualifier is used to get files with specific6? file characteristics.The characteristics can have the  following values: ( o Directory : directory files- o Nobackup : files marked nobackup:4 o Contiguous : files marked as contiguous/ o Erase : erase file before deletione) 9-4 9-4 9-4  e n SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command- SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH o Spool : spool files9 o Badblock : files which contain suspected badu block(s)S0 o Badacl : files with a corrupted ACL7 o Besttry : files marked contiguous-best-try54 o Scratch : files marked as scratch files7 o Nocharge : files not charged against quotae4 o Nomove : files marked NoMove (VMS 5.5+): o Locked : files with the deaccess lock bit set/ o Marked : files marked for deletion 9 o Noshelvable : files which can not be shelved 0 o Isshelved : files which are shelved< The several characteristics can be combined in one= command.If you want a logical OR behaviour in steadM? of the default AND behaviour, you can use the specialh option MATCH=OR eg: C SEARCH disk/CHAR=(NOMOVE,DIR,MATCH=OR) ________________________ /CREATED=option(,option) /CREATED=option(,option) /CREATED=option(,option)o8 The /CREATED qualifier is used to search files= depending on their creation date. The options are :r! o /CREATED=BEFORE=date0 o /CREATED=SINCE=date= These 2 options can be used to get files which haveo: a creation date before or after a specific date.< The BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command. 9-5 9-5 9-5g t J SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH _________________________ /EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...) /EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...) /EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...) : This qualifier is used to exclude files from the? search. You can use wildcard filenames ; you can also # specifiy a list of files.t ________________________ /EXPIRED=option(,option) /EXPIRED=option(,option) /EXPIRED=option(,option)8 The /EXPIRED qualifier is used to search files= depending on their expiration date. The options areb : ! o /EXPIRED=BEFORE=dateo o /EXPIRED=SINCE=date o /EXPIRED=NONE8 The NONE option gives files which don't have a= expiration date recorded.The other 2 options can be ? used to get files which have a expiration date beforee? or after a specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE option ) can be combined in one command. [ ____________ /FID=file-id /FID=file-id /FID=file-id = The /FID qualifier is a special function of SEARCH.; It directs SEARCH to go directly to the specified_= file without processing the rest of the Index file. @ Therefore, you cannot combine this qualifierwith other= search qualifiers such as /FILE. Normally a file-id_? consists is in the form (x,y,z) where x is the number @ of the file header within INDEXF.SYS y is the sequence? number, and z is the Relative Volume Number. You only = need to specifiy the x value in the /FID qualifier._ ______________________ /FILE=(file1,file2...) /FILE=(file1,file2...) /FILE=(file1,file2...):; This qualifier is used to search for files with at= specific file name.You can use wildcard file names;e/ also you can specify a list of files._ _____________________ /FORMAT=format-string /FORMAT=format-string /FORMAT=format-string/< Create an output file in a format described by the8 format string. The string must contain the !AS8 directive (this must be uppercase). At the !AS) 9-6 9-6 9-6   SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH commandd SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH < location the resultant filename will be filled in., The /OUTPUT qualifier is required. ___________________________________ /FRAGMENT(=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr)) /FRAGMENT(=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr)) /FRAGMENT(=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr)) = This qualifier displays the number of fragments ands@ file headers of each file found. You can further limit; the files found by using the MINIMUM and MAXIMUM=  options. For example:p) DFU> disk/FRAGt0 DFU> disk/FRAG=min=10: DFU> disk/FRAG=(min=10,max=100)? _____ /FULL /FULL /FULL = If you use this qualifier , SEARCH will give a fullT< output for each file found. This output is a look-= alike of the output from DIRECTORY/FULL. You cannot 8 combine this qualifier with /SORT or /SUMMARY.? _____ /HOME /HOME /HOME ; This qualifier directs search to give output from ; the disk's home block. SEARCH uses the home block_? for calculating the free and used file headers within  INDEXF.SYS.e _____________________ __ ___ /(NO)IDENT=identifier or uic /(NO)IDENT=identifier or uic /(NO)IDENT=identifier or uici6 You can search for files owned by a specific? identifier or uic. Any valid uic or identifier format ? may be used. Another way is the /OWNER_UIC qualifier;o= you cannot combine these 2 qualifiers in one SEARCHn> command. Issueing /NOIDENT directs DFU to search for= files NOT owned by this IDENTIFIER, eg: DFU> SEARCH ' sys$sysdevice/NOIDENT=SYSTEM. _________________________ /LBN=logical-block-number /LBN=logical-block-number /LBN=logical-block-number = The /LBN qualifier is a special function of SEARCH.9 This allows you to find a file which contains a ; specific LBN. This may be usefull if you have bad- 9-7 9-7 9-7_ _ _J SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH< blocks logged in the error log. You cannot combine4 /LBN with search qualifiers such as /FILE. __________________ __ __________ /(NO)OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /(NO)OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /(NO)OWNER_UIC=uic or identifieri8 This qualifier is used to get files owned by a6 specific uic or identifier. Any valid uic or@ identifier format may be used. You cannot combine this< qualifier with /IDENT. Specifying /NOOWNER directs: DFU to search for files NOT owned by this UIC or identifier. _________________________ /MODIFIED=option(,option) /MODIFIED=option(,option) /MODIFIED=option(,option)q9 The /MODIFIED qualifier is used to search filese? depending on their modification date. The options areM : " o /MODIFIED=BEFORE=date! o /MODIFIED=SINCE=date = These 2 options can be used to get files which have > a modification date before or after a specific date.< The BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command.O _________ /MULTIPLE /MULTIPLE /MULTIPLEn@ This qualifier searches for files which have more than 1 file header.O _________ /NOSEARCH /NOSEARCH /NOSEARCHd= This qualifier can only be used in combination withe> /HOME. It is used to get the Homeblock info, without$ searching the entire disk.O _________ /NOVOLSET /NOVOLSET /NOVOLSET : The default behaviour of SEARCH is to process an< entire volume set. You can override this behaviour? with /NOVOLSET. This may be usefull when doing a /LBN3 search.e) 9-8 9-8 9-8  o e SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH commandu SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH_[ ____________ /OUTPUT=file /OUTPUT=file /OUTPUT=file ? This qualifier redirects the output from SEARCH to an = output file.This file can later be used as input to 0 the DEFRAG , DIRECTORY or SET command.o _________________ /OVER_ALLOCATED=n /OVER_ALLOCATED=n /OVER_ALLOCATED=ne= Searches for files where the difference between the 9 used and allocated size is at least 'n' blocks.rG _______ /PLACED /PLACED /PLACED.9 Checks for files which have a placement controlA< retrieval pointer.This is sometimes set by non-DEC( disk defragmentation programs. ___________________________________ /SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2) /SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2) /SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2)s: The /SIZE qualifier is used to limit files found; by their file size.You can either use minimum= or @ maximum= or use both options together. SEARCH will use? the actual file size for selecting files, except whenT+ the /ALLOCATED qualifier is used.d? _____ /SORT /SORT /SORT 9 This qualifier will sort the files found beforen= being output. You can combine this with the /OUTPUTs7 qualifier (the default output is SYS$OUTPUT).rW ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICS = This qualifier displays the performance statistics: 5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. K ________ /SUMMARY /SUMMARY /SUMMARY ; This qualifier will limit the output to the total > number of files found, with their size (and optional; the fragmentation when /FRAG is used). You cannot & combine /SUMMARY with /FULL. ___________________________________________________ /VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=version1,maximum=version2) /VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=version1,maximum=version2) /VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=version1,maximum=>version2)@ The /VERSION_NUMBER qualifier is used search for files: within a range of specific file version numbers.< Logfiles which are produced with the same name may 9-9 9-9 9-9  e eJ SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH; pose problems when they reach the maximum versionE= number (32767). Using /VERSION=MIN=32000 is a quick-! way to find such files.i, 9-10 9-10 9-10 o a SEARCH SEARCH SEARCHo 9-11 9-11 9-11A I SET command SET command SET commandrA _______________________________________________________m) 10 SET 10 SET 10 SET/9 This chapter describes the SET command with the , related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 10.1 Introduction 10.1 Introduction 10.1 Introduction> The SET command allows you to modify file attributes< which can't be modified through DCL commands. Note@ that you should be carefull about using this function;> you may easily corrupt files. NOTE: This much wanted? functionality is finally introduced in VMS 6.0 with a ? new DCL command $SET FILE/ATTRIBUTES. Still DFU's SETD? has some options which are not in SET FILE/ATTRIBUTES_* (such as setting a BACKUP date).L __________________________________________________________________w 10.2 UIC and identifier processing 10.2 UIC and identifier processing 10.2 UIC and identifier processingr9 As of this version of DFU the /OWNER and /IDENTK; qualifier now accepts all valid uic or identifier / formats. See chapter 9.5 for details. A _______________________________________________________ ) SET SET SETr! Modify file attributes.eA _______________________________________________________2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT SET SET SET _____________________ file1,file2,...,@file file1,file2,...,@file file1,file2,...,@filei 10-1 10-1 10-1c c rA SET command SET command SET commandg) SET SET SETyA _______________________________________________________E> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERS _____________________ file1,file2,...,@file file1,file2,...,@file file1,file2,...,@filet8 The files to be modified. The attributes to be@ modified are specified with qualifiers. Wildcards area? allowed in the filename. An indirect file can be usedu? by using the @ sign. This allows processing of a filel0 list produced by a DFU SEARCH command.A _______________________________________________________ > QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSo _________________ /BACKUP_DATE=date /BACKUP_DATE=date /BACKUP_DATE=date c ______________ /NOBACKUP_DATE /NOBACKUP_DATE /NOBACKUP_DATE ? Controls whether a new backup date is assigned to the < specified files. Specify the date according to the> rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts< Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you= specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. If you> specify /NOBACKUP_DATE the Backup date field will be cleared.G _______ /BADACL /BADACL /BADACLVO _________ /NOBADACL /NOBADACL /NOBADACL > Sets or resets the 'BADACL' flag in the file header.? This enables deletion of a file with a corrupted ACL.:k ________________ /BUCKETSIZE=size /BUCKETSIZE=size /BUCKETSIZE=sizey: Sets a new value for the bucket size in the file header.rK ________ /CONFIRM /CONFIRM /CONFIRM { __________ _________ /NOCONFIRM (default) /NOCONFIRM (default) /NOCONFIRM (default) : Controls whether a request is issued before each@ individual SET operation to confirm that the operation; should be performed on that file. When the system ? issues the prompt, you can issue any of the following= responses:, 10-2 10-2 10-2 o SET command SET command SET command SET SET SET 1 YES NO QUIT 3 TRUE FALSE CTRL/Z_0 1 0 ALL+ U= You can use any combination of upper- and lowercase ; letters for word responses. Word responses can bem= abbreviated to one or more letters (for example, T, < TR, or TRU for TRUE). Affirmative answers are YES,= TRUE, and 1. Negative answers are NO, FALSE, 0, andn? . QUIT or CTRL/Z indicates that you want to stopl@ processing the command at that point. When you respond< with ALL, the command continues to process, but no; further prompts are given. If you type a response > other than one of those in the list, the prompt will be reissued.{ ____________________ /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY ______________________ /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY = Sets or resets the 'CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY' bit in thea file header.w ___________________ /CREATION_DATE=date /CREATION_DATE=date /CREATION_DATE=dateok ________________ /NOCREATION_DATE /NOCREATION_DATE /NOCREATION_DATEi= Controls whether a new creation date is assigned ton@ the specified files. Specify the date according to the> rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts< Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you6 specify 0 as the date, today's date is used.S __________ /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORY.[ ____________ /NODIRECTORY /NODIRECTORY /NODIRECTORYt; Sets or resets the directory attribute of a file.n< This qualifier allows you to set the directory bit; of a file which was mistakingly reset by the 'SET < FILE/NODIRECTORY' command. If it is done on a non-< directory file, then access to that directory will% give a 'BADIRECTORY' error. 10-3 10-3 10-3   A SET command SET command SET command ) SET SET SET g _______________ /EBLOCK[=block] /EBLOCK[=block] /EBLOCK[=block] ; This qualifier will reset the end-of-file mark to : the highest block allocated if no block has been? specified. Otherwise the end-of-file mark will be set ! to the specified block. _ _____________ /EBYTE[=byte] /EBYTE[=byte] /EBYTE[=byte]N; This qualifier will set the end-of-file byte markM; to the highest byte if it has not been specified. @ Otherwise the end-of-file byte mark will be set to the specified byte.h _____________________ /EXPIRATION_DATE=date /EXPIRATION_DATE=date /EXPIRATION_DATE=date s __________________ /NOEXPIRATION_DATE /NOEXPIRATION_DATE /NOEXPIRATION_DATE < Controls whether an expiration date is assigned to@ the specified files. Specify the date according to the> rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts< Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you6 specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. _________________ __ ___ /IDENT=identifier or uic /IDENT=identifier or uic /IDENT=identifier or uick> Modify the file ownership. See also /OWNER_UIC. This; allows modification of the file-ownership even ifF? the file is open, eg. INDEXF.SYS. You cannot use bothD /IDENT and /OWNER_UIC.G _______ /LOCKED /LOCKED /LOCKED O _________ /NOLOCKED /NOLOCKED /NOLOCKEDv9 This qualifier will lock a file for future use.h< Nothing else can then be done with the file, until= it is unlocked (which can also be done with the VMSe 'UNLOCK' command.ec ____ _________ /LOG (default) /LOG (default) /LOG (default)NC ______ /NOLOG /NOLOG /NOLOGc< Controls whether the SET command displays the file> specification of each file after the modification is made. , 10-4 10-4 10-4 i c SET command SET command SET command SET SET SET c ______________ /MAXREC=record /MAXREC=record /MAXREC=recordh? Sets a new value for the maximum record number in the_ file header. _____________________ /ORGANIZATION=keyword /ORGANIZATION=keyword /ORGANIZATION=keyworda? The following keywords are used as parameters for the ? ORGANIZATION qualifier: DIRECT, INDEXED, RELATIVE andu< SEQUENTIAL. This will allow you to modify the file> organization type in the file header. Of course this9 won't change the real organization of the file. ______________ __ __________ /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifierE< Modify the file ownership to an uic or identifier.@ See also /IDENT. This allows modification of the file-= ownership even if the file is open, eg. INDEXF.SYS. 4 You cannot use both /IDENT and /OWNER_UIC. ______________________ /RECATTRIBUTES=keyword /RECATTRIBUTES=keyword /RECATTRIBUTES=keywordo; The following keywords are used as parameters forI> the RECATTRIBUTES qualifier: NONE, FORTRAN, IMPLIED,= PRINT and NOSPAN. This will allow you to modify thee< file's record attributes in the file header. NONE,@ FORTRAN, IMPLIED and PRINT are mutually exclusive, but= can be used in combination with NOSPAN. When NOSPANt= is omitted SPAN is assumed (the default is to allows- records to cross block boundaries). _ _____________ /RECSIZE=size /RECSIZE=size /RECSIZE=size: Sets a new value for the record size in the file header.Ok ________________ /RECTYPE=keyword /RECTYPE=keyword /RECTYPE=keyword ? The following keywords are used as parameters for theS? RECTYPE qualifier: FIXED, STREAM, STREAMCR, STREAMLF,S= UNDEFINED, VARIABLE and VFC. This will allow you to ; modify the file's record type in the file header. 10-5 10-5 10-5l  A SET command SET command SET commandr) SET SET SET w ___________________ /REVISION_DATE=date /REVISION_DATE=date /REVISION_DATE=date_k ________________ /NOREVISION_DATE /NOREVISION_DATE /NOREVISION_DATEs= Controls whether a revision date is assigned to thed< specified files. Specify the date according to the> rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts< Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you6 specify 0 as the date, today's date is used.c ______________ /RVCOUNT=count /RVCOUNT=count /RVCOUNT=countm= Sets a new value for the revision count in the filem header. G _______ /UPDATE /UPDATE /UPDATE w _________ _________ /NOUPDATE (default) /NOUPDATE (default) /NOUPDATE (default)s; Normally the file's revision date will be updatedr< after any modification to it. SET however disables? this update (otherwise the REVISION date could not be ? set). Specify this qualifier if you want the revisionu date to be updated.p_ _____________ /VFCSIZE=size /VFCSIZE=size /VFCSIZE=sizer? Sets a new value for the VFC size in the file header.T@ This value will only be used with the VFC record type., 10-6 10-6 10-6  > SET SET SET 10-7 10-7 10-7   VA _______________________________________________________ 8 11 UNDELETE 11 UNDELETE 11 UNDELETE> This chapter describes the UNDELETE command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 11.1 Introduction 11.1 Introduction 11.1 Introduction> The UNDELETE function is designed to recover deleted> files, if possible. UNDELETE operates in a safe mode> such that it first checks if the deleted file header? and diskblocks are still available. Only in that case(= will the file be recovered. Otherwise UNDELETE willf@ leave the disk unmodified. UNDELETE has some powerfull options:@ o Generate a list of recoverable files with the /LIST< qualifier. This qualifier will not undelete any> file, and therefore it does not lock up the disk.1 o Undelete multiple files in one pass. = o Make file selections based on the owner with the( /OWNER or /IDENT qualifier.< o Undeleted files which cannot be entered back in: their original directory will be moved to the: [SYSLOST] directory. This saves an additional( ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR action. 11-1 11-1 11-1_ _ _8 UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETEL __________________________________________________________________V 11.2 How Undelete works 11.2 How Undelete works 11.2 How Undelete works4 The UNDELETE command operates as follows :3 1 Lock the volume. In the same manner asnA ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR and SET VOLUME /REBUILD Undelete: locks the disk for other writers such that no> modifications to the INDEXF, BITMAP or QUOTA file can be made.y@ 2 Search the INDEXF.SYS file if the requested file isA still there. A check is made if it really is a validT! deleted file header.? 3 Checks if the deleted file header and all possible / extension headers are still valid. ? 4 Checks if the blocks previously owned by this file_ are still free.A 5 If all these conditions are met DFU will display the . file and asks for a confirmation.A 6 Rebuilds all of the deleted file headers and bitmapse; in memory. If no errors are found all the filet> headers and bitmaps are written back to disk. The; files original backlink is saved in a table in  memory.= 7 If appropiate the blocks and headers are charged_ against diskquota.? 8 When all of INDEXF.SYS has been scanned the volume  is unlocked. 9 9 The file(s) is (are) entered in the originale? directory if possible, using the table build up iniA memory. If the enter command fails (probably because = the original directory is gone) the file will be A entered in [SYSLOST]. DFU will create this directory  if needed.c, 11-2 11-2 11-2 n UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETES@ If the /LIST qualifier is used, DFU will just list the@ recoverable files without performing any action on the, disk. The disk will not be locked.< It is important to note that during the bitmap and; file header processing any error will immediatelye> terminate the recovery process, and unlock the disk.? Files which have been recovered up to that point will = still be entered in the appropiate directory. As no= wrong information has been written back to the diskS7 this should leave the disk in a proper state. ; NOTE: The blocks recovered will NOT be subtracted 8 from the Volume's free block count. To get the; actual freeblock count a SET VOLUME/REBUILD=FORCEh> is necessary. Also a complete reMOUNT will reset the freeblock count.? IMPORTANT: DFU takes care to recover only files whoseo< original blocks are free. However these blocks may< have been modified in the meantime by another file? which also has been deleted. Therefore each recoveredw? file must be checked manually to check its integrity. ) Example of a Undelete session : 5 DFU> undel $1$dua102:/list H Recoverable file [TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2 foundF Recoverable file [TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1 foundG Recoverable file [TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1 foundZD Recoverable file [TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1 found; DFU> undel/file=*.for $1$DUA102:_A %DFU-I-READBMAP, Reading BITMAP.SYS... E %DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now LOCKED for writeIC %DFU-I-UNDEL, Start search on $1$DUA102:h 11-3 11-3 11-3s a o8 UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETEH Recoverable file [TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2 found; Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : n F Recoverable file [TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1 found; Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : y E %DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recovered A %DFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota... G Recoverable file [TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1 foundI; Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : n D Recoverable file [TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1 found; Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : y E %DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recoveredoA %DFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota...m9 %DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlockedrI %DFU-I-ENTER, Entering file(s) in directory...Z %DFU-S-ENTERED, File CHECK_ID.FOR entered in original directoryX %DFU-S-ENTERED, File CHRLEN.FOR entered in original directory$ DFU> EXITL __________________________________________________________________e 11.3 Files marked for delete 11.3 Files marked for delete 11.3 Files marked for delete 9 Normally DFU does not undelete files marked for : delete. This version introduces a new qualifier,= /MARKED , which specifically undeletes files markedS= for delete. This allows the recovery of files whichb= are deleted but still open, such as INSTALLed files_> or even recovery of the system dump file SYSDUMP.DMP* whenever such a file is deleted.L __________________________________________________________________w 11.4 UIC and identifier processing 11.4 UIC and identifier processing 11.4 UIC and identifier processinge9 As of this version of DFU the /OWNER and /IDENT1; qualifier now accepts all valid uic or identifierw/ formats. See chapter 9.5 for details.t, 11-4 11-4 11-4 _ UNDELETE command UNDELETE command UNDELETE commandu UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETE-A _______________________________________________________i8 UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETE8 Recover one or more deleted files on a device.A _______________________________________________________ 2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETE _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]A _______________________________________________________r> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSC ______ device device deviced< The device on which to undelete one or more files.= The device will be write-locked during the undeleteE process.A _______________________________________________________y> QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSc ______________ /FILE=filename /FILE=filename /FILE=filename: The file to be recovered. Wildcards may be used.9 If a matching file is found Undelete will ask aA< confirmation. If a certain file is confirmed, that> file will be recovered if possible, and control will@ be returned to the DFU> prompt. If the /FILE qualifier, is omitted DFU will assume *.*;* . _________________ __ ___ /IDENT=identifier or uic /IDENT=identifier or uic /IDENT=identifier or uic6 You can search for files owned by a specific: identifier or uic. Another way is the /OWNER_UIC< qualifier; you cannot combine these 2 qualifier in one UNDELETE command.o ________________________ /LIST(=output-file-name) /LIST(=output-file-name) /LIST(=output-file-name)g; Generate a list of recoverable files. No undeleteE? will take place, and the disk will not be locked. The & defaultoutput is SYS$OUTPUT. 11-5 11-5 11-5o d hP UNDELETE command UNDELETE command UNDELETE command8 UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETEG _______ /MARKED /MARKED /MARKED ? Consider only files marked-for-delete. Such files are @ usuallly still open by some utility, such as INSTALLed( files or the system dump file. ______________ __ __________ /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier < This qualifier is used to select files by a uic or= identifier . You cannot combine this qualifier with  /IDENT. W ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICS = This qualifier displays the performance statistics: 5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.X, 11-6 11-6 11-6  UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETEt 11-7 11-7 11-7_ _ _A _______________________________________________________i/ 12 SPAWN 12 SPAWN 12 SPAWN 6 The new SPAWN command creates an interactive; subprocess. This allows a quick escape to the DCL ? level from an interactive DFU session. The subprocess = has a default prompt DFU_sub$. In SMG mode the _< key also performs a SPAWN command. You must logout2 explicitly to return to the DFU session. 12-1 12-1 12-1,  A _______________________________________________________n2 13 VERIFY 13 VERIFY 13 VERIFY< This chapter describes the VERIFY command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 13.1 Introduction 13.1 Introduction 13.1 Introduction; The VERIFY command makes an analysis of the disk,w= scanning for file and disk structure errors. VERIFY < performs almost all of the checks normally done by= a ANALYZE/DISK command. But VERIFY is several timesS= faster than ANALYZE/DISK, and using less resources. 9 VERIFY checks and reports the following errors: < o Checks the logical information contained in the disks HOME block . o Reports files marked for deletion: o Reports mismatches in the index file's bitmap" o Checks all backlinks.. o Reports multiple allocated blocksA o Reports blocks incorrectly marked free and allocated_# o Reports all lost files A o Checks for mismatches between blocks used and blocks_? charged in QUOTA.SYS. (Only done when diskquota isA enabled)N 13-1 13-1 13-1   a2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFYL __________________________________________________________________\ 13.2 Basic repair actions 13.2 Basic repair actions 13.2 Basic repair actions> The /FIX qualifier can be used to perform some basic> repair actions. Unlike ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR this does? not lock the disk! /FIX repairs the following errors: : o Deletes file marked for delete (if possible).@ o Recovers lost files and directories into [SYSLOST].8 o Recovers a very rare problem which >will get= ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR into a computable loop (This @ problem is fixed in VMS V6.2 or with the VERI02_061 patch kit).> o Recovers a corrupted backlink for the Master File" Directory 000000.DIR.L __________________________________________________________________V 13.3 Directory scanning 13.3 Directory scanning 13.3 Directory scanning< This version of DFU introduces the new /DIRECTORY_@ SCAN qualifier. This qualifier directs DFU to scan all= directories on the disk. This has some advantages : < o Better detection of some cases of 'lost' files.= Combined with the /FIX qualifier DFU may be able= to recover such files into the correct directory 7 instead of moving such files to [SYSLOST]. = o Detects and fixes file-id mismatches between the / directory and the INDEXF.SYS file.@ o Using the /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier makes DFU fully* compatible with ANALYZE/DISK.= Please note that a complete directory scan may takeU& several minutes to complete., 13-2 13-2 13-2 _ _ VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY L __________________________________________________________________e 13.4 Advanced repair actions 13.4 Advanced repair actions 13.4 Advanced repair actions < The /REBUILD qualifier can be used to perform some> more repair actions. This will however lock the disk> (like a DCL $SET VOLUME/REBUILD=FORCE command) for a> short period of time (usually less than 30 seconds).1 /REBUILD repairs the following errors : @ o Mismatches in the INDEXF.SYS bitmap (files reported3 with the NOBITSET and NOBITCLR errors)e? o Blocks incorrectly marked allocated or free in the BITMAP.SYS.. o Mismatches in the diskquota file.; Note that /REBUILD does NOT change the disks freeY block count.L __________________________________________________________________Y 13.5 Interpreting errors 13.5 Interpreting errors 13.5 Interpreting errors < On a system (cluster) wide mounted disk there will@ probably be concurrent disk activity during the VERIFY@ command. Therefore VERIFY may report some errors which@ are not really errors. Try running VERIFY 2 or 3 times; to see if the errors are reported again. To get a > really consistent report from VERIFY you can use the? /LOCK qualifier. This will write-lock the disk duringa@ the VERIFY run, so don't use this qualifier too often.< (The /REPAIR qualifier of ANALYZE/DISK also write-@ locks the disk). Even if DFU ends ungracefully the DFU3 exit handler will always UNLOCK the disk.h 13-3 13-3 13-3i  2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFYL __________________________________________________________________M 13.6 Error reporting 13.6 Error reporting 13.6 Error reporting 5 An example of a typical VERIFY run follows:b- DFU> VERIFY mydiske; %DFU-I-VERIFY, Verifying MYDISK:tF %DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OKA %DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning INDEXF.SYS ... C %DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS...rE %DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files...XA %DFU-I-CHKQUOTA, Checking QUOTA.SYS... < DFU> VERIFY/REBUILD sys$sysdeviceA %DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now write locked B %DFU=I-VERIFY, Verifying SYS$SYSDEVICE:F %DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OKf %DFU-W-DELETED, file (620,351,1) RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3 marked for delete` %DFU-W-DELETED, file (6349,173,1) DCLTABLES.EXE;937 marked for deleteg %DFU-W-DELETED, file (19745,35,1) RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3 marked for delete C %DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS...ik %DFU-E-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN 2667141 through 2667143 incorrectly marked allocated k %DFU-E-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN 2667153 through 2667161 incorrectly marked allocated  . .K %DFU-S-RBDBITMAP, BITMAP.SYS succesfully rebuildaE %DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files... 9 %DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlockedo DFU>S1 VERIFY can report the following errors:a5 ALLOCCLR, blocks incorrectly marked allocated,sU Severity: Severity: Severity: ERRORe Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: Blocks were found which are not allocated = by a file but set in the BITMAP file. This error is? often seen when VERIFY is run and there is concurrent < file activity on the disk. Also, if after a system? crash the disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such blocks , 13-4 13-4 13-4 t i VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY @ may exist. ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there.] User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the BITMAP file.20 ALLOCSET, blocks incorrectly marked free,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERRORt Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: Blocks were found which are allocated by> a file but not set in the BITMAP file. This error is? often seen when VERIFY is run and there is concurrent < file activity on the disk. Also, if after a system? crash the disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such blocksb@ may exist. ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the BITMAP file. / BADBLOCK, file has suspected bad blocks,eU Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file has suspected bad blocks. This is= likely to be caused by hardware errors on the disk. User Action: User Action: User Action: Try to copy the file to another location. # Also check the Error Log.a2 BADEXTLNK, link to extension header broken,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERRORr Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: VERIFY tries to follow the extension link-? of the file and it failed, or the extension header is  invalid. User Action: User Action: User Action: Try ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR. However, this> may be an unrepairable error, in which case the file+ will be corrupted and unreliable.s 13-5 13-5 13-5  2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY@ BADMFDLNK, directory has backlink to 000000.DIR on RVN n,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR_ Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A directory has a backlink to a Master= file directory other than the one on RVN 1. This isd> incorrect, but the only way to recover is to reenter> the directory manually into the 000000.DIR on RVN 1. User Action: User Action: User Action: Do a SET FILE/ENTER into the 000000.DIR @ directory on RVN 1, then do a SET FILE/REMOVE from the wrong 000000.DIR. ' DELETED, file marked for delete, W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNING Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file was found marked for deletion._= Such files usually exists as a result of file beingL? deleted while it was still INSTALLed , or as a resulti> of a system crash. It is not considered as an error.? You can try to delete such files by using VERIFY/FIX. ' ERRHOME, Home block info not OK,UU Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: The Info contained in the Home Block was& not consistent or corrupted. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR to try to fix them error., INVBAKFID, file has invalid backlink,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR_ Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: The files backlink file id is not filled? in. This is likely to be a lost file. (Note that oncee< VERIFY reports this error, it will not be reported@ again during the LOSTFILE check). But is also possible= that the file is in a valid directory, but that thei, Backlink file id is not filled in. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR. If the file is = in a valid directory the backlink will be repaired.u, 13-6 13-6 13-6 o a VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY ; Otherwise the file will be moved to the [SYSLOST] = directory. You can also use VERIFY/FIX but then the: file will unconditionally be moved to [SYSLOST].' LOCKED, file is deaccess locked,iW Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNING Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: The file is deaccess locked. This may be% a result of a system crash.d User Action: User Action: User Action: Try to unlock the file with the DFU SET - command, or the DCL UNLOCK command. 5 LOSTHDR1, file found in nonexistent directory, W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGm Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: During the lost file check a file was=; discovered in a nonexistent directory. This error < can be caused as follows : set a directory file to$ NODIRECTORY and delete it. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/FIX to move the file to the [SYSLOST] directory.; LOSTHDR2, file found in directory with bad backlink,sW Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNING} Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: During the lost file check a file ; was discovered in a valid directory. However, the > directory has an invalid backlink. This error can be@ caused by doing a SET FILE/REMOVE of a directory file. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/FIX to move the directory to ? the [SYSLOST] directory. Then move the directory back = to the correct location. The files in the directory$ should be accesible again. 13-7 13-7 13-7e  2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY1 LOSTHDR3, file found in invalid directory,MW Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGx Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: During the lost file check a file was 8 discovered in a directory which is not a valid= directory. Either the file has a wrong backlink, or = the directory file has the directory file attribute not set. User Action: User Action: User Action: Look up the directory and use DFU SET to= set the directory bit. If the directory file was OKa7 then run VERIFY/FIX to recover the lost file._* LOSTHDR4, not found in a directory,W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGa Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: When the /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier ist> used , DFU detects files which have a valid backlink> but which are not seen in the directory. This can be repaired with /FIX. User Action: User Action: User Action: Using /FIX will enter these files in the correct directory., MULTALLOC, blocks multiple allocated,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file has blocks allocated which alreadyp> belong to another file. Note that VERIFY will make a@ second pass through INDEXF.SYS to report all the files@ involved. This is a serious error, and may be a result> of a disk being mounted on two seperated VAXClusters( (or a partitioned VAXCluster). User Action: User Action: User Action: Copy all the files found to another ; location. Next all the files must be deleted. Ru n_@ VERIFY/REBUILD to repair the BITMAP. All the afflicted= files must be manually inspected to see which fileso, are valid and which are corrupted., 13-8 13-8 13-8 n e VERIFY VERIFY VERIFYc1 NOBITCLR, Deleted file header marked BUSY,rW Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNING Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file was deleted. The corresponding bite= in the INDEXF bitmap should be cleared but is still_+ set. This is not a serious error._ User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to fix the error./ NOBITSET, index file bitmap bit not set, W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGT| Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A valid file was found , but the< corresponding index file bitmap bit is clear. This! is not a serious error. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to fix the error." NOOWNER, file has no owner,W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGi Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file was found with UIC [0,0] as the0 owner. This is not a normal situation. User Action: User Action: User Action: Look up the file and modify the file owner.G QUOTAERR, UIC [x,y] has n blocks used, QUOTA indicates m blocks,_W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGi Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: If a disk has diskquota enabled, VERIFYe; calculates the blocks used and compares them withi: the value in the QUOTA.SYS file. Any mismatch is@ reported. This error is often seen when VERIFY is run,< and there is concurrent file activity on the disk.; Also, if after a system crash the disk is mountedd@ with /NOREBUILD such Quota mismatches may exist. ReRun? VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the QUOTA 4 file. Or run a DISKQUOTA> REBUILD command. 13-9 13-9 13-9l  J VERIFY command VERIFY command VERIFY commandM Error reporting Error reporting Error reportingT, SLFBAKFID, backlink points to itself,W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGc Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: This error indicates that DFU has found af< directory with a backlink pointing to itself. This9 feature is only allowed for the MFD 000000.DIR.l= This error will result in ANALYZE/DISK going into ah COMputable loop. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/FIX to move the directory to < the [SYSLOST] directory. Then remove the directory? entry from itself with a SET FILE/REMOVE command. The ; files in the directory should be accesible again._A _______________________________________________________ 2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY4 VERIFY a device for disk structure errors.A _______________________________________________________ 2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]A _______________________________________________________X> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSC ______ device device device $ The device to be verified.A _______________________________________________________ > QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSk ________________ /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename0< This qualifier redirects the output to be appended> to an already existing file. If the output file does? not exists it will be created. You can use /APPEND or_ /OUTPUT but not both.t/ 13-10 13-10 13-10e n I VERIFY command VERIFY command VERIFY commandi VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY%g _______________ /DIRECTORY_SCAN /DIRECTORY_SCAN /DIRECTORY_SCAN ? Performs a full directory scan. This may take up somew= time, but it allows detection of mismatches betweenc) the directories and INDEXF.SYS.e; ____ /FIX /FIX /FIX k ______ _________ /NOFIX (default) /NOFIX (default) /NOFIX (default)r; Repair errors on the disk. File marked for deletei@ will be deleted and lost files and directories will be moved to [SYSLOST].i? _____ /LOCK /LOCK /LOCKho _______ _________ /NOLOCK (default) /NOLOCK (default) /NOLOCK (default) ; Locks the disk for file allocation/deletion. This ; gives a consistent report for the disk, but otherF? users may experience a delay when accessing the disk.F= The device will be unlocked a the end of the VERIFYe command.k ________________ /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename < This qualifier redirects the output to a file. The< output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT. CAUTION: if you> use /LOCK in combination with /OUTPUT be carefull to< specify an outputfile on ANOTHER disk, or DFU will% finish with a severe error. K ________ /REBUILD /REBUILD /REBUILDs{ __________ _________ /NOREBUILD (default) /NOREBUILD (default) /NOREBUILD (default)t= Perform a volume rebuild. Using this qualifier willk4 temporarily lock the disk for other users.W ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICS = This qualifier displays the performance statistics: 5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.I 13-11 13-11 13-11n  2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY/ 13-12 13-12 13-12 0[SYSHLP]DFU024.PSR]w}tlHIlJHIlJ>%!PS-Adobe-3.0%%Title: DFU024%%Creator: VAX DOCUMENT V3.0BI%%Copyright: 1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991 DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION.%%+All Rights Reserved.(%%CreationDate: Thu Aug 22 1996 12:00:41%%For: DORLAND %%BoundingBox: (atend)%%DocumentData: Clean7Bit%%LanguageLevel: 1%%Orientation: Portrait%%Pages: (atend)%%PageOrder: Ascend%%DocumentFonts: (atend) %%DocumentNeededFonts: (atend) &%%DocumentProcSets: Underlay Color5044.%%DocumentSuppliedProcSets: Underlay Color5044 %%DocumentProcessColors: (atend)%%DocumentCustomColors: (atend) %%EndComments$%+++TTI changes : added ROTB back in>%+++ : added 1000 ROTB = begin special code example<%+++ : added 1001 ROTB = end special code example0%+++ : added 1002 ROTB = digital logo%!%%BeginResource: procset Underlay%%CreationDate: (2/10/92)%C% In VAX DOCUMENT V2.1-1, simple EPSF files up to 65,000 bytes long@% may be an underlay. Define the EPSF as a PostScript proceedureD% called /UNDERLAY and prefix to DOCUMENT's PS output For example:.&% /UNDERLAY ( EPSF code here ) cvx def%=% To create a "DRAFT" underlay change /UNDERLAY* to /UNDERLAY /UNDERLAY* ( /Note (DRAFT) def /NoteSize 120 def6 /NoteFont /Helvetica findfont NoteSize scalefont def& /Note where { pop Note length 0 gt {8 /NoteWidth NoteFont setfont Note stringwidth pop def/ PaperWidth 36 mul PaperHeight 36 mul moveto& PaperHeight PaperWidth atan rotate6 NoteWidth -2 div NoteSize .729 mul -2 div rmoveto 2 Note true charpath .075 setseparationgray fill }if }if ) cvx def %%EndResource%"%%BeginResource: procset Color5044%%CreationDate: (1/21/91)%%Version:1.0 31%Implementation of Adobe 5044 color specification5%/ndf allows command override during color separation/Color5044Dict 100 dict defColor5044Dict begin/bdf {bind def} def/ndf {1 index where {pop pop pop } {dup xcheck {bind} if def } ifelse } bdf /setcmykcolor {1 exch sub 3 " {dup 5 -1 roll sub 0 2 copy lt {exch} if pop exch } repeat pop setrgbcolor }ndf/setcmykcoloroverprint {4 {dup -1 eq {pop 0} if 4 1 roll } repeat setcmykcolor } ndf/findcmykcustomcolor {5 /packedarray where {pop packedarray } {array astore readonly } ifelse } ndf/setcustomcolor {exch aload pop pop 4 {4 index mul 4 1 roll } repeat setcmykcolor pop } ndf/setseparationgray* {1 exch sub systemdict /setgray get exec } ndf/setoverprint {pop} ndf/currentoverprint false ndf%CMYK multi-proc colorimage /colorimage {4 neH {(\nUnsupported number of colors for colorimage.\n) print flush quit } if notJ {(\nSingle procedure form colorimage unsupported.\n) print flush quit } if' save 20 dict begin /&saveobj exch defE /&Kproc exch def /&Yproc exch def /&Mproc exch def /&Cproc exch def {&Cproc &Mproc &Yproc &Kproc7 /&K exch def /&Y exch def /&M exch def /&C exch def 0 1 &K length 1 sub {/&i exch def &K &i 255 &C &i get 30 mul &M &i get 59 mul add &Y &i get 11 mul add &K &i get 100 mul add 100 idiv dup 255 gt {pop 255} if sub put } for &K } image &saveobj end restore } ndf/customcolorimage! {pop systemdict /image get exec } ndf/separationimage {systemdict /image get exec } ndfend %%EndResourceColor5044Dict begin%/DEC_DVC$dict 300 dict defDEC_DVC$dict begin%/DVC$PSJob save def%5mark % CREATE ISOLatin1Encoding if not there already/ISOLatin1Encoding0 8#000 1 8#054 {StandardEncoding exch get} for  /minus0 8#056 1 8#217 {StandardEncoding exch get} for /dotlessi 0 8#301 1 8#317 {StandardEncoding exch get} for H /space /exclamdown /cent /sterling /currency /yen /brokenbar /section G /dieresis /copyright /ordfeminine /guillemotleft /logicalnot /hyphen L /registered /macron /degree /plusminus /twosuperior /threesuperior /acute E /mu /paragraph /periodcentered /cedilla /onesuperior /ordmasculine L /guillemotright /onequarter /onehalf /threequarters /questiondown /Agrave O /Aacute /Acircumflex /Atilde /Adieresis /Aring /AE /Ccedilla /Egrave /Eacute O /Ecircumflex /Edieresis /Igrave /Iacute /Icircumflex /Idieresis /Eth /Ntilde L /Ograve /Oacute /Ocircumflex /Otilde /Odieresis /multiply /Oslash /Ugrave M /Uacute /Ucircumflex /Udieresis /Yacute /Thorn /germandbls /agrave /aacute G /acircumflex /atilde /adieresis /aring /ae /ccedilla /egrave /eacute N /ecircumflex /edieresis /igrave /iacute /icircumflex /idieresis /eth /ntildeJ /ograve /oacute /ocircumflex /otilde /odieresis /divide /oslash /ugrave < /uacute /ucircumflex /udieresis /yacute /thorn /ydieresis 9 /ISOLatin1Encoding where not {256 array astore def} if cleartomark%,/DOCPSE ISOLatin1Encoding 256 array copy def"mark % CREATE DOCPSE ENCODING 8#055 /hyphenC 8#201 /bullet 8#202 /emdash 8#203 /endash 8#204 /daggerC 8#205 /daggerdbl 8#206 /registered 8#207 /trademark %8#210 /Delta? 8#211 /fi 8#212 /fl 8#213 /OE 8#214 /oe 8#215 /Ydieresis) counttomark -1 bitshift % DIVIDE BY 2: {DOCPSE 3 1 roll put} repeat % STACK NOW CONTAINS MARK cleartomark%3/ReENCODE { % /basefont /newfont encoding ReENCODE7 /newencoding exch def %ARG: NAME OF ENCODING VECTORC /newfontname exch def %ARG: NEW NAME FOR FONT AFTER RE-ENCODING findfont> /basefontdict exch def %ARG: NAME OF FONT TO BE RE-ENCODED? basefontdict maxlength dict begin %CREATE AND OPEN NEW DICT= basefontdict { %COPY ENTRIES FROM BASE FONT DICT TO NEW ONE 1 index /FID ne {5 def %IF NOT THE ONE WE'RE ENCODING, JUST COPY PTRS } { %else: pop pop %IGNORE FID AND ENCODING FOR ONE WE'RE ENCODING } ifelse } forall, /FontName newfontname def %DEFINE NEW NAME 6 /Encoding newencoding def %DEFINE NEW ENCODING VECTOR; newfontname currentdict definefont %TURN IT INTO A PS FONT3 pop %IGNORE MODIFIED DICT RETURNED BY DEFINEFONT end}def%/cvsstr 64 string def/tempmatrix matrix def%2% Exit page (temporarily) to add fonts/characters. /XP { }def% % Resume page,/RP {/ExampleState 0 def} def % RESUME PAGE/ExampleState 0 def%% End Page: EP/EP {DVC$PSPage restore}def%% Purge fonts to reclaim VM/PF { currentoverprint currentrgbcolor EP %Does restore PageSetup %Does save setrgbcolor setoverprint}def%% ABBREVIATIONS /S /show load def/SV /save load def/RST /restore load def%/Yadjust {Ymax exch sub} def%C/SXY { % (x,y) POSITION ABSOLUTE, JUST SET Xpos & Ypos, DON'T MOVE( Yadjust /Ypos exch def /Xpos exch def} def%$/XY { % (x,y) POSITION ABSOLUTE Yadjust moveto} def%#/X { % (x,0) POSITION ABSOLUTE currentpoint exch pop moveto} def%$/Y { % (0,y) POSITION ABSOLUTE & currentpoint pop exch Yadjust moveto} def%$/xy { % (x,y) POSITION RELATIVE neg rmoveto} def%#/x { % (x,0) POSITION RELATIVE 0 rmoveto} def%#/y { % (0,y) POSITION RELATIVE 0 exch neg rmoveto} def%/R { % Draw a rectangle$ /ht exch def /wd exch def gsave currentpoint newpath moveto 0 ht rlineto wd 0 rlineto$ 0 ht neg rlineto wd neg 0 rlineto& closepath fill grestore wd 0 rmoveto}def%3%Setup Page Media: PM/PM { /Xmax exch Resolution mul def /Ymax exch Resolution mul def /UNDERLAY where { pop3 /eps_save save def % save before EPSF underlay9 Resolution 72 div dup scale % Revert coords to points9 count array astore /DVCstack exch def % save op stack/ /dict_count countdictstack def % # of dicts" userdict begin % default dict' /showpage {}def % disable showpage 0 setgray? {UNDERLAY} stopped {(Error executing /UNDERLAY)== quit}ifD countdictstack dict_count sub {end} repeat % clean up dict stack/ clear DVCstack aload pop % restore op stack,* eps_save restore % restore after EPSF }ifA PageSetupe}def%%%Setup page coordinates1 /PageSetup{%.% /DVC$PSPage {save} def % ++cjb: fix VME bug /DVC$PSPage save def9 PortraitMode not {PaperWidth 0 translate 90 rotate} ifn /Xpos 0 def: /Ypos 0 defu}def%:)% Begin EPS file: SPB/SPB {8 Yadjust transform % convert from DVC to device coords EP % page-level restore( /eps_save save def % save before EPSF8 Resolution 72 div dup scale % Revert coords to points2 itransform % convert position back to points % translate % set position for EPSF 3 PortraitMode not {90 rotate} if % rotate for EPSF+7 count array astore /DVCstack exch def % save op stackR- /dict_count countdictstack def % # of dicts1 userdict begin % default dict% /showpage {}def % disable showpages 0 setgray }def%e% End EPS file/SPE {B countdictstack dict_count sub {end} repeat % clean up dict stack- clear DVCstack aload pop % restore op stackc( eps_save restore % restore after EPSF" PageSetup % restore DVC coords}def%!% Print-Page Routine: PP/PP {S gsavee showpage grestore}def%n&/DMF { % /font-name DMF& exch findfont exch scalefont setfont}def% 3/concatnam { % /abcd (xxx) concatnam ==> /abcdxxxu /xxx exch defm /namstr exch cvsstr cvs defe1 /newnam namstr length xxx length add string def7 newnam 0 namstr putintervale& newnam namstr length xxx putinterval newnam cvn }def%%/strip { % /abcdef 2 strip ==> /cdefp /num exch def /nam exch def /namstr nam cvsstr cvs def# /newlen namstr length num sub def $ namstr num newlen getinterval cvn}def/% ROUTINES TO HANDLE PACKING/UNPACKING NUMBERSc8/PackHW { % PackHW --> 0 /num exch def /pos exch def /target exch def: num 16#0000FFFF and 1 pos sub 16 mul bitshift target or}def</PackByte { % PackByte --> 0 /num exch def /pos exch def /target exch def: num 16#000000FF and 3 pos sub 8 mul bitshift target or}def4/UnpkHW { % UnpkHW -->  /num exch def /pos exch def0 num 1 pos sub -16 mul bitshift 16#0000FFFF and) dup 16#00007FFF gt {16#00010000 sub} ifr}def8/UnpkByte { % UnpkByte -->  /num exch def /pos exch def/ num 3 pos sub -8 mul bitshift 16#000000FF andc) dup 16#0000007F gt {16#00000100 sub} if}def% /ps-scalefont {eJ % FOR PS FONTS, LOOK AT SIZE REQUESTED. IF IT HAS A DECIMAL REMAINDERL % EQUIVALENT TO .001-.009 POINTS (I.E., .050-.450 VAXDOC UNITS), THAT'S H % A FLAG TO STRETCH IT VERTICALLY BY ADDING 1-9 EXTRA POINTS TO THE  % VERTICAL SCALING.fA % save requested size - as entered and as integer2, dup /x-size exch def cvi /x-int exch def; % calc decimal remainder, mul x 1000, round ; x-size x-int sub 1000 mul round cvi /remainder exch def % % see how we scale...l) remainder 50 lt remainder 450 gt or {K& % scale isomorphically /ystretch 0 def  x-size scalefont } { & % scale anamorphically /ystretch remainder def+ x-int ystretch add /y-size exch defm' [x-int 0 0 y-size 0 0] makefontc } ifelse}def%p(/DPSF { % /procname size /fontname DPSF< findfont exch ps-scalefont [ exch /setfont cvx ] cvx def}def%s/PXLBuildCharDict 17 dict def/CMEncodingArray 256 array def90 1 255 {CMEncodingArray exch dup cvsstr cvs cvn put} forA)/RasterConvert {RasterScaleFactor div}def/TransformBBox { aload pop#H /BB-ury exch def /BB-urx exch def /BB-lly exch def /BB-llx exch def. [ BB-llx RasterConvert BB-lly RasterConvert / BB-urx RasterConvert BB-ury RasterConvert ]/}def/RunLengthToRasters {u % none yet}def7/GenerateRasters { % GENERATE RASTERS FOR "IMAGEMASK"m1 rasters runlength 1 eq {RunLengthToRasters} if }def%p)/int-dict-name {int (-dict) concatnam}def -/int-dict {int (-dict) concatnam cvx load}defe%e/DefinePXLFont {E % ... 1 % ...[llx lly urx ury]DefinePXLFont C /newfont exch def /bb exch def /num exch def /psz exch defrC /dsz exch def /pxlmag exch def /ext exch def /int exch def 9 /fnam ext (-) concatnam pxlmag cvsstr cvs concatnam def newfont not {m int-dict-name 13 dict def/ int-dict beginF /FontType 3 def /FontMatrix [ 1 dsz div 0 0 1 dsz div 0 0 ] defC /FontBBox bb TransformBBox def /Encoding CMEncodingArray defdI /CharDict 1 dict def CharDict begin /Char-Info num array def endv /BuildChar { PXLBuildCharDict begin, /char exch def /fontdict exch defB fontdict /CharDict get /Char-Info get char get aload pop2 /rasters exch def /PackedWord1 exch def+ 0 PackedWord1 UnpkHW 16#7FFF ne { 8 /PackedWord2 exch def /wx 0 PackedWord1 UnpkHW defN /rows 2 PackedWord1 UnpkByte def /cols 3 PackedWord1 UnpkByte defM /llx 0 PackedWord2 UnpkByte def /lly 1 PackedWord2 UnpkByte defrM /urx 2 PackedWord2 UnpkByte def /ury 3 PackedWord2 UnpkByte deft }{ %elseWG /PackedWord2 exch def /PackedWord3 exch def /PackedWord4 exch defiJ /wx 1 PackedWord1 UnpkHW def /rows 0 PackedWord2 UnpkHW defI /cols 1 PackedWord2 UnpkHW def /llx 0 PackedWord3 UnpkHW defoI /lly 1 PackedWord3 UnpkHW def /urx 0 PackedWord4 UnpkHW defe) /ury 1 PackedWord4 UnpkHW defP } ifelse rows 0 lt {S( /rows rows neg def /runlength 1 def }{ %else{ /runlength 0 defE } ifelseN wx 0. llx RasterConvert lly RasterConvert < urx RasterConvert ury RasterConvert setcachedevice rows 0 ne {f gsave) cols rows true RasterScaleFactor NB 0 0 RasterScaleFactor neg llx .5 add neg ury .5 add : tempmatrix astore GenerateRasters imagemask grestore } if end }def endf! fnam int-dict definefont pop a } if c/ int-dict-name fnam findfont psz scalefont def/3 currentdict int [ int-dict /setfont cvx ] cvx put }def A/PXLF { true DefinePXLFont}def % SIGNAL THAT FONT ALREADY LOADED F/PXLNF {false DefinePXLFont}def % SIGNAL THAT FONT NOT ALREADY LOADED%s:/PXLC { % ...* % ...PXLCH /rasters exch def /runlength exch def /cols exch def /rows exch defG /ury exch def /urx exch def /lly exch def /llx exch defY7 /wx exch def /code exch def /int exch deff+ % SEE IF LONG OR SHORT FORMAT IS REQUIREDO? true cols CKSZ rows CKSZ ury CKSZ urx CKSZ lly CKSZ llx CKSZ S TackRunLengthToRows {c/ int-dict /CharDict get /Char-Info get code IC [ 0 0 llx PackByte 1 lly PackByte 2 urx PackByte 3 ury PackByte A 0 0 wx PackHW 2 rows PackByte 3 cols PackByte rasters ] put }{ %else/ int-dict /CharDict get /Char-Info get code {? [ 0 0 urx PackHW 1 ury PackHW 0 0 llx PackHW 1 lly PackHWP 0 0 rows PackHW 1 cols PackHW 0 0 16#7FFF PackHW 1 wx PackHW rasters ] put } ifelse}def%/CKSZ {abs 127 le and}defo@/TackRunLengthToRows {runlength 0 ne {/rows rows neg def} if}def%0/PLOTC {K % sters>PLOTCaH /rasters exch def /runlength exch def /cols exch def /rows exch defG /ury exch def /urx exch def /lly exch def /llx exch def6 /psz exch def /dsz exch def /wx exch def' % "PLOT" A CHARACTER'S RASTER PATTERN rows 0 ne {t gsaved3 currentpoint translate psz dsz div dup scalei> cols rows true RasterScaleFactor 0 0 RasterScaleFactor 6 neg llx .5 add neg ury .5 add tempmatrix astore GenerateRasters imagemask grestore } if wx x}def%e% set color routine: Color# SC6/SC {ColorPalette exch get 1.0 setcustomcolor}bind def%s%e<% Procedures for implementing the "rotate " special:% ROTB -% - ROTE -/1%+++ TTI changes to allow .screen escape sequenceP% 1000 ROTB -> start screenn% 1001 ROTB -> end screen % 1002 ROTB -> Digital logo:/codexindent 590 def/ROTB {  dup 1000 eq {t$ % 1000 ROTB - start code example pop /ExampleState 0 defo /S { dup (.screen) eq { % start screen exampleC% pjf fix 7-4-92 : first line after .screen was indented improperlyt: currentpoint /ExampleY exch def /ExampleX exch def 1 setgray show 0 setgray /S {3 /ExampleName exch def /ExampleState 1 defn7 codexindent 0 translate codexindent 0 rmovetoc. 1 setgray ExampleName show 0 setgray /S /show load def ! /FONT104 /F104 load defs* % replace the tilde with a space, currentfont F102 currentfont begin. /Encoding load % - encoding1 % save the old encoding for the tildee3 dup 126 get exch % - e126 encoding, dup 32 get 126 exch put % - e126 ende. % stick tilde encoding in a variable /ExampleTilde exch def8 FONT104 currentfont /F104DICT exch def setfont /F104 {t /S {- currentfont /F104DICT load eq {e. dup length 240 mul /w exch def1 gsave 0 -100 rmoveto currentpointm0 newpath moveto w 0 rlineto 0 440? rlineto w neg 0 rlineto closepath fill grestore ( 1 setgray show 0 setgray } {t# /S /show load def Se } ifelse } def  FONT104B } def } def< } {  % regular code example show /S /show load def } ifelse } def  } { dup 1001 eq {h" % 1001 ROTB - end code example pop< ExampleState 1 eq {nB currentpoint ExampleY exch sub 600 sub /ylength exch def pop2 /xlength 19200 1.25 mul def /radius 1000 def' gsave ExampleX ExampleY translate-3 240 -400 translate .8 1 scale 50 setlinewidth / /Helvetica findfont 250 scalefont setfont 3 ExampleName (-) eq { /ExampleName () def } ifB! ExampleName stringwidth popu9 xlength exch sub -250 radius sub ylength sub moveto 4 gsave 1.25 1 scale ExampleName show grestore! newpath radius neg 0 moveto & 0 ylength neg radius 180 270 arc* xlength ylength neg radius 270 0 arc xlength 0 radius 0 90 arc0 0 0 radius 90 180 arc5 closepath stroke grestore  /ExampleState 0 defL /F104 /FONT104 load def  /S /show load defIF % replace tilde encoding, so it doesn't show up as space anymore( currentfont F102 currentfont begin+ /Encoding load 126 ExampleTilde putr end setfont ; codexindent neg 0 translate codexindent neg 0 rmoveto  } if } { dup 1002 eq {s pop, gsave (-) stringwidth pop neg 0 rmoveto - /Helvetica findfont 450 scalefont setfonty# [(d) (i) (g) (i) (t) (a) (l)] {o. currentpoint currentpoint newpath movetoN 0 -200 rmoveto 300 0 rlineto 0 730 rlineto -300 0 rlineto 0 -730 rlineto fill moveto gsavey6 dup stringwidth pop 300 exch sub 2 div 0 rmoveto' 1 setgray show 0 setgray grestoreo 350 0 rmoveto[ } forall 0 375 rmovetof7 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180 x(/NOREBUILD)S 179 x(such)S 181 x(Quota)S 180 x(mismatches)S1E10773 X 598 y(may)S 166 x(exist.)S 250 x(ReRun)S 166 x(VERIFY)S 165 x(C(with)S 165 x(/LOCK)S 166 x(to)S 166 x(see)S 165 x(if)S 166 x(the)SaC166 x(error)S 167 x(is)S 166 x(still)S 165 x(there.)S 10773 X 896 y3DF153(User)S 168 x(Action:)S 251 x F151(Run)S 168 x(VERIFY/REB)S -2 xE(UILD)S 168 x(to)S 168 x(rebuild)S 169 x(the)S 168 x(QUOT)S -28 x(A)S1F168 x(\211le.)S 255 x(Or)S 168 x(run)S 10773 X 598 y(a)S 166 x(DISKQ)SD-2 x(UOT)S -27 x(A>)S 165 x(REBUILD)S 165 x(command.)S 9578 25389 XYF(SLFBAKFID)S -2 x(,)S 167 x(backlink)S 167 x(points)S 166 x(to)S 165 xG(itself,)S 10773 X 897 y F153(Severity:)S 251 x F151(W)S -47 x(ARNING)SrH10773 X 896 y F153(Explan)S 2 x(ation:)S 251 x F151(This)S 192 x(error)SD193 x(indicates)S 191 x(that)S 192 x(DFU)S 192 x(has)S 192 x(found)SK192 x(a)S 192 x(directory)S 10773 X 598 y(with)S 183 x(a)S 183 x(backlink)S7H184 x(pointing)S 184 x(to)S 184 x(itself.)S 283 x(This)S 183 x(feature)SG184 x(is)S 182 x(only)S 184 x(allowed)S 183 x(for)S 183 x(the)S 10773 XFG598 y(MFD)S 175 x(000000.DIR.)S 174 x(This)S 175 x(error)S 175 x(will)S5E174 x(result)S 174 x(in)S 175 x(ANAL)S -46 x(YZE/DISK)S 174 x(going)S(G175 x(into)S 175 x(a)S 10773 X 598 y(COMputable)S 166 x(loop.)S 10773 X1C896 y F153(User)S 172 x(Action:)S 250 x F151(Run)S 173 x(VER)S -2 x(F(IFY/FIX)S 172 x(to)S 172 x(move)S 173 x(the)S 172 x(directory)S 172 xC(to)S 172 x(the)S 172 x([SYSLOST])S 10773 X 598 y(directory)S -54 x(D(.)S 309 x(Then)S 197 x(remove)S 196 x(the)S 196 x(directory)S 197 xG(entry)S 197 x(from)S 195 x(itself)S 195 x(with)S 196 x(a)S 196 x(SET)SeH10773 X 598 y(FILE/REMOVE)S 175 x(command.)S 269 x(The)S 177 x(\211les)SH175 x(in)S 176 x(the)S 176 x(directory)S 177 x(should)S 176 x(be)S 176 x?(accesible)S 10773 X 598 y(again.)S 5094 36925 XY F36(13\2036)ShEP PP %%PageTrailer02%%PageFonts: Helvetica-Bold NewCenturySchlbk-Roman%%+ NewCenturySchlbk-Bold7%%PageProcessColors:%%PageCustomColors: (BLACK) %E%%Page: (13-7) 621%%PageFonts: (atend)%%PageProcessColors: (atend)%%PageCustomColors: (atend) PaperHeight PaperWidth PM 0 0 XYJ0 SC 22166 1807 XY F24(VERIFY)S 279 x(command)S 26098 X 797 y F28(VERIFY)SC5094 4546 XY 23160 48 R 5094 5543 XY F20(VERIFY)S 10773 7037 XY F343M(VERIFY)S 167 x(a)S 166 x(device)S 166 x(for)S 166 x(disk)S 166 x(structure)SSG167 x(errors.)S 5094 8233 XY 23160 204 R 5094 9251 XY F24(FORMA)S -53 x8K(T)S 10773 X -21 y(VERIFY)S 697 x F23(device[:])S 5094 10425 XY 23160 204 RSH5094 11244 XY F24(P)S -51 x(ARA)S -2 x(METERS)S 849 x -22 y F25(device)SC10773 X 548 y F151(The)S 167 x(device)S 166 x(to)S 166 x(be)S 166 x G(veri\211ed.)S 5094 12966 XY 23160 204 R 5094 13785 XY F24(QUALIFIERS)SrF10773 X -22 y F25(/APPEND=\211lename)S 10773 X 548 y F151(This)S 175 xF(quali\211er)S 175 x(redirects)S 174 x(the)S 175 x(output)S 175 x(to)SG174 x(be)S 175 x(appended)S 174 x(to)S 175 x(an)S 175 x(already)S 175 xrI(existing)S 10773 X 548 y(\211le.)S 294 x(If)S 188 x(the)S 189 x(output)SkG188 x(\211le)S 189 x(does)S 188 x(not)S 188 x(exists)S 188 x(it)S 188 x2D(will)S 188 x(be)S 188 x(created.)S 294 x(Y)S -55 x(ou)S 188 x(can)SD189 x(use)S 10773 X 548 y(/APPEND)S 166 x(or)S 166 x(/OUTPUT)S 167 xC(but)S 166 x(not)S 166 x(both.)S 10773 16503 XY F25(/DIRECT)S -14 xaI(OR)S -13 x(Y_SCAN)S 10773 X 597 y F151(Performs)S 170 x(a)S 170 x(full)S E170 x(directory)S 170 x(scan.)S 257 x(This)S 170 x(may)S 170 x(take)SxK170 x(up)S 170 x(some)S 170 x(time,)S 171 x(but)S 169 x(it)S 170 x(allows)SpG10773 X 548 y(detection)S 166 x(of)S 166 x(mismatches)S 165 x(between)S H166 x(the)S 167 x(directories)S 165 x(and)S 167 x(INDEX)S -2 x(F)S -55 xM(.SYS.)S 10773 18744 XY F25(/FIX)S 10773 X 797 y(/NOFIX)S 165 x(\(default\))SoG10773 X 598 y F151(Repair)S 172 x(errors)S 172 x(on)S 173 x(the)S 172 xxE(disk.)S 262 x(File)S 172 x(marked)S 173 x(for)S 172 x(delete)S 172 x C(will)S 172 x(be)S 172 x(deleted)S 172 x(and)S 172 x(lost)S 10773 X7G548 y(\211les)S 166 x(and)S 166 x(directories)S 166 x(will)S 166 x(be)S8F166 x(moved)S 166 x(to)S 166 x([SYSLOST].)S 10773 21783 XY F25(/LOCK)SF10773 X 797 y(/NOLOC)S -2 x(K)S 166 x(\(default\))S 10773 X 598 y F151Y(Locks)S 162 x(the)S 162 x(disk)S 162 x(for)S 162 x(\211le)S 162 x(allocation/deletion.)S7F250 x(This)S 162 x(gives)S 162 x(a)S 162 x(consistent)S 161 x(report)SG162 x(for)S 10773 X 548 y(the)S 169 x(disk,)S 170 x(but)S 169 x(other)S1D169 x(users)S 168 x(may)S 170 x(experience)S 170 x(a)S 168 x(delay)SF169 x(when)S 169 x(accessing)S 170 x(the)S 169 x(disk.)S 10773 X 548 yD(The)S 167 x(device)S 166 x(will)S 166 x(be)S 166 x(unlocked)S 167 xH(a)S 166 x(the)S 166 x(end)S 167 x(of)S 166 x(the)S 166 x(VERIFY)S 165 xF(command.)S 10773 25369 XY F25(/OUTPUT=\211lename)S 10773 X 598 y F151H(This)S 192 x(quali\211er)S 192 x(redirects)S 191 x(the)S 192 x(output)SE192 x(to)S 191 x(a)S 191 x(\211le.)S 301 x(The)S 192 x(output)S 192 xeE(will)S 191 x(also)S 191 x(go)S 10773 X 548 y(to)S 188 x(SYS$OUTPUT)S)C-46 x(.)S 189 x(CAUTION:)S 188 x(if)S 188 x(you)S 189 x(use)S 188 xaL(/LOCK)S 188 x(in)S 189 x(combination)S 189 x(with)S 10773 X 548 y(/OUTPUT)SG171 x(be)S 171 x(carefull)S 171 x(to)S 171 x(specify)S 170 x(an)S 171 x7C(output\211le)S 171 x(on)S 171 x(ANOTHER)S 170 x(disk,)S 172 x(or)SnD171 x(DFU)S 10773 X 548 y(will)S 165 x(\211nish)S 167 x(with)S 166 xI(a)S 166 x(severe)S 166 x(error)S -36 x(.)S 10773 28707 XY F25(/REBUILD)SsD10773 X 797 y(/NOREB)S -2 x(UILD)S 165 x(\(default\))S 10773 X 598 yFF151(Perform)S 176 x(a)S 176 x(volume)S 176 x(rebuild.)S 269 x(Using)SG176 x(this)S 175 x(quali\211er)S 176 x(will)S 175 x(temporarily)S 176 x5H(lock)S 176 x(the)S 10773 X 548 y(disk)S 166 x(for)S 166 x(other)S 167 xD(users.)S 10773 31746 XY F25(/ST)S -51 x(A)S -52 x(TISTICS)S 10773 XH597 y F151(This)S 184 x(quali\211er)S 185 x(displays)S 183 x(the)S 184 xD(performance)S 184 x(statistics)S -2 x(:)S 285 x(CPU)S 184 x(time,)SF188 x(Elapsed)S 10773 X 548 y(T)S -12 x(ime,)S 166 x(I/O)S 166 x(and)S7166 x(PageFau)S 2 x(lts.)S 27150 36925 XY F36(13\2037)SgEP PPx %%PageTrailer%%%PageFonts: Helvetica-Bold Helveticab+%%+ Helvetica-Oblique Helvetica-BoldOblique %%+ NewCenturySchlbk-Roman%%PageProcessColors:%%PageCustomColors: (BLACK)(% %%Page: (13-8) 63U%%PageFonts: (atend)%%PageProcessColors: (atend)%%PageCustomColors: (atend)S PaperHeight PaperWidth PM 0 0 XY:0 SC 5094 1807 XY F28(VERIFY)S 5094 36925 XY F36(13\2038)SEP PP) %%PageTrailer6%%PageFonts: Helvetica-Bold,%%PageProcessColors:%%PageCustomColors: (BLACK)4%( %%Trailer7 %%Pages: 635%%BoundingBox: 0 0 612 792&%%DocumentFonts: NewCenturySchlbk-Bold,%%+ NewCenturySchlbk-Roman Courier Helvetica(%%+ Helvetica-Bold Helvetica-BoldOblique%%+ Helvetica-Obliquei,%%DocumentNeededFonts: NewCenturySchlbk-Bold,%%+ NewCenturySchlbk-Roman Courier Helvetica(%%+ Helvetica-Bold Helvetica-BoldOblique%%+ Helvetica-Obliquex%%DocumentProcessColors:%%DocumentCustomColors: (BLACK)e*%%CMYKCustomColor: 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 (BLACK)%1DVC$PSJob restore2end %DEC_DVC$dict end 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     $ DIR EXAMPLE    Directory MYDISK:[RUBBISH]    EXAMPLE.DIR;1    $ DFU  &DFU> DELETE/DIRECTORY EXAMPLE.DIR    ;%DFU-I-CLEANUP, Deleting MYDISK:[RUBBISH]EXAMPLE.DIR;1...  +%DFU-S-DELETED, File DBGINI.COM;3 deleted  )%DFU-S-DELETED, File ICON.COM;1 deleted  +%DFU-S-DELETED, File I_FOOL.COM;1 deleted  .%DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGICALS.COM;51 deleted  +%DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGIN.COM;79 deleted  +%DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGOUT.COM;4 deleted  2%DFU-S-DELETED, File NOTE_COMPRESS.COM;3 deleted  +%DFU-S-DELETED, File SHOWCL.COM;3 deleted  -%DFU-S-DELETED, File SYMBOLS.COM;89 deleted  -%DFU-S-DELETED, File TPUBUILD.COM;5 deleted  "%DFU-S-TOTAL, 11 file(s) deleted  ,%DFU-S-DELETED, File EXAMPLE.DIR;1 deleted  
    

    

    /FILE=file-id

    DSpecify a complete file-id (num,seq,rvn) of the file which must be deleted. FThis qualifier allows the deletion of lost files or files marked for ;delete. Example :

     $ DFU  DFU> VERIFY MYDISK:    -%DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK  '%DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning INDEXF.SYS...  J%DFU-E-INVBAKFID, file (86,17915,1) 0004CF04$BFS.;1 has invalid backlink  L%DFU-W-DELETED, file (537,2878,1) APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1 marked for delete   .   .   .    )DFU> DELETE MYDISK/FILE=(86,17915,1)  .%DFU-S-DELETED, File 0004CF04$BFS.;1 deleted    )DFU> DELETE MYDISK/FILE=(537,2878,1)  5%DFU-S-DELETED, File APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1 deleted    
    

    

    /KEEP

    >Preserve the directory tree; only delete the contents. /KEEP :is only valid with the /DIRECTORY qualifier. /KEEP works %for DELETE/DIR and DELETE/DIR/TREE. 

    /NOLOG

    CDo not log succesfull deletes to SYS$OUTPUT. /LOG is the default. 

    /NOREMOVE

    >Can only be used with /FILE. Default DELETE/FILE will try to Cremove the file from the parent directory. If the file's backlink Dno longer points to a valid directory this will generate an error. @The /NOREMOVE qualifier overrules this behaviour allowing such files to be deleted. 

    /STATISTICS

    GThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. 

    /TREE

    BCan only be used with /DIRECTORY. The delete command will delete Hall subdirectories within the directory file specified. DFU will first Hsort out the subdirectory tree and than delete the files in the proper order. =Thus a complete directory tree is deleted with one command. 
    

     


    8

    Chapter 7
    DIRECTORY

    

    ?This chapter describes the DIRECTORY command with the related parameters and qualifiers.  4

    7.1 Introduction

    

    GThe DIRECTORY command offers 6 major functions. 3 functions deal with ?all directories on a disk, the other 3 functions are used for 6manipulating individual directories. These functions &are activated by special qualifiers: 

      (
    • Individual directory functions : 
        F
      1. /COMPRESS : Rebuild one or more directory files. Directories Eare alphabetically sorted lists of filenames and file id's. Because file Hnames are randomly inserted and deleted, holes will occur in directory files. GSuch holes will only be reused if a file can be alphabetically fitted into <it. As a result directory files will grow. Especially MAIL subdirectories suffer from this behaviour. G
        To make matters worse directory files above 127 blocks will no longer be Bcached by the file system. This will degrade performance on such directories Idramatically. The COMPRESS function will rebuild the complete directory file. FThe /TEST qualifier can be used to preview the results of a possible COMPRESS command. E
      2. /CREATE/ALLOCATE=n : Create a directory with a preallocated size Fof 'n' blocks. Note that 'n' will be rounded up to a multiple of the disks cluster size. E
      3. /DUMP : Make a dump of the directory blocks and formats the output. @This option is usefull for debugging directory files which are suspected =or corrupted. This function is equivalent to the previously undocumented BVMS command DUMP/DIRECTORY, although the layout of the output is different. 
      /
    • Disk-wide directory functions : 
        B
      1. /ALIAS : Scan all directories on the disk for alias file entries. 6
      2. /EMPTY : Scan the disk for empty directories G
      3. /VERSION=n : Scan all directories on the disk for files which have at least 'n' versions. 
      
      

      DThe diskwide function qualifiers can be used in one command; other combinations !of qualifiers are not possible. HNote that the diskwide directory functions can take several minutes to complete Ibecause a complete directory scan uses a lot of disk I/O (approximately 2 I/O's per directory). 

      /An indirect command file containing a list of Efiles can be used as a parameter to /COMPRESS or /DUMP. Such a list 4can be generated with the SEARCH command. Example:

       4DFU> SEARCH disk/FILE=*.DIR/SIZE=MIN=50/OUT=x.x  !DFU> DIRECTORY/COMPRESS @x.x  
      

      @Caution: Care should be taken when compressing critical system directories. HTo be safe you should first use the /TEST qualifier before compressing Ithe directory. Another problem may be caused by a systemcrash just when DFU Eis rewriting the new compressed directory (although the chance that this Hhappens is very small). When this happens you can recover the files by $executing the following procedure: 

        7
      1. Do a $SET FILE/NODIR of the corrupted directory 1
      2. Delete the directory and create a new one H
      3. Do a $ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR ; this will move all the lost files to [SYSLOST]. E
      4. Move the files from [SYSLOST] to the newly created directory. 
      

       K

      7.2 Discussion of directory compression

      

      @Version V2.2 of DFU introduced a major change in the directory compression Iprocess (issued by the DIRECTORY/COMPRESS command). Previously versions Aalways performed a maximum compression , and then truncated the Cresultant directory. This may be usefull on a dormant directory , Abut on an active directory this method introduced new problems: 

        G
      • When new files were added to the directory it must very quickly Ebe extended. Not only is this a slow operation, but on a fragmented (disk this can lead to DIRALLOC errors. ?
      • Active directories where files are inserted in a random alphabetical Horder very quickly lead to expansion of the just compressed directory. 
      

      FThe first problem is now solved by NOT doing an automatic TRUNCATION Cof the directory. The /TRUNCATE qualifier has been added to allow Gtruncation on the users request. Also /TRUNCATE=blocksize is possible @to perform partial truncation; DFU will not truncate below the blocksize Dissued in /TRUNCATE. (The actual blocksize will be rounded up to a &multiple of the disks cluster size.) AThe second problem is solved by the new /FILL_FACTOR qualifier. AHere a user can direct DFU to fill each directory block up to a Fcertain percentage (between 50 and 100). Not specifying /FILL_FACTOR ;is the same as doing /FILL_FACTOR=100 (full compression). GNote however that the directory's allocated size must be large enough ;to allow a lower fill factor. If that is not possible DFU Awill issue a DFU-E-EXTERR error, and you must use a higher fill factor. ASo, what strategy should be used when comnpressing directories? 

        9
      1. Inactive directories : use DIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE. F
      2. Not very active diredctories : use DIR/COMPRESS (/TRUNCATE=n). @
      3. Active directories, files added at the end (such as MAIL directories) : use DIR/COMPRESS F
      4. Active directories, files added in random alphabetical order : use DIR/COMPRESS/FILL_FACTOR=n 
      

       9

      7.3 Output formatting

      

      =A new qualifier /FORMAT can be used with DIRECTORY/VERSION. CThis allows the build up of a command procedure directly from the Houtput generated by the DIR/VERSION command. /FORMAT has the following restrictions : 

        ?
      1. /FORMAT is only valid with the /VERSION and the /OUTPUT qualifier. A
      2. The format string used must contain the !AS directive (in uppercase). 8The file found will be substituted at the !AS location 
      

      Example:

       HDFU> DIR/VERSION=4/OUTP=PURGE.COM/FORMAT="$PURGE/KEEP=3 !AS" mydisk  
      

       


      +

      DIRECTORY

      

      Performs directory functions. 
      
      

      Format

      3

      DIRECTORY device[:] or directory-file(s)

      
      
      

      PARAMETERS

      

      device

      >The device on which to perform one of the diskwide directory functions. 

      directory-files(s)

      =The file specification of the directory on which to perform ,the /CREATE , /COMPRESS or /DUMP function. +Wildcard file specifications may be used. HDFU will automatically add .DIR to the filespecification if a filetype is not provided. 
      
      

      QUALIFIERS

      

      /ALIAS

      DThe /ALIAS qualifier directs DFU to scan all directories for alias Gfile entries. Only alias files in DIFFERENT directories will be found &(this is the most common situation). @Normally only the system disk should contain alias files. This qualifier -can be combined with /VERSION=n and /EMPTY. 

      /ALLOCATE=n

      BUsed in combination with /CREATE. Creates the new directory with "an allocated size of 'n' blocks. 

      /COMPRESS

      DPerforms the directory compression unless /TEST is also specified. CThe output will show the results in terms of file sizes. Example:

       $DFU> DIR/COMP OWN$:[000000]MAIL    M%DFU-S-DONE, OWN$:[000000]MAIL.DIR;1: 31 files; was : 4/9, now : 3/3 blocks    	DFU>  
      

      

      /CREATE

      FCreate a new , empty directory. The allocated size will be 1 cluster unless /ALLOCATE is specified. 

      /DEVICE

      GThe device on which the files reside. The device name is added to the Dfile name. If you generate a file list with the DFU SEARCH command <you don't need this qualifier. However you may have a list Hof files produced from another source and thus need to append a device Aname to it. This qualifier can only be used in combination with /COMPRESS or /DUMP. 

      /DUMP

      EProduce a block level dump of a directory. /DUMP will interpret the directory Aentries found in each block. A directory entry contains a size, version-limit, Btype and name field. Next the directory entry contains a list of Dversions and file ID's for this entry. /DUMP will produce a rather 1low level output of this information. Example :

       DFU> DIR/DUMP C.DIR    DUMP of directory block 1  ;Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(10): CHKDSK.EXE  $   Version: 3, FID : (1027,1456,0)  >Size: 26, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(13): CHKDSK.README  %   Version: 2, FID : (33892,1171,0)  %   Version: 3, FID : (1256,11234,0)  ;Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(10): CHKDSK.SAV  $   Version: 2, FID : (13947,100,0)  <Size: 24, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(11): CHKDSK.SAVE  %   Version: 1, FID : (12531,2114,0)  ?Size: 26, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(14): CHKDSK_LNK.COM  #   Version: 2, FID : (12314,72,0)  5Size: 18, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(5): C_D.C  #   Version: 3, FID : (32650,32,0)  7Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D.EXE  "   Version: 9, FID : (2675,64,0)  7Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D.OBJ  #   Version: 4, FID : (9835,117,0)  7Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D_2.C  $   Version: 15, FID : (12428,84,0)  9Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_2.OBJ  #   Version: 9, FID : (8439,119,0)  9Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_3.CLD  #   Version: 3, FID : (9777,178,0)  9Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_3.OBJ  #   Version: 2, FID : (9737,161,0)  7Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D_4.C  %   Version: 3, FID : (10594,1580,0)  9Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_4.OBJ  $   Version: 2, FID : (10177,109,0)    DUMP of directory block 2  5Size: 18, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(5): DFU.C  %   Version: 169, FID : (31123,52,0)     .   .   .  >%DFU-I-TOTAL, OWN$:[SOURCES.FORTRAN.DFUSRC]C.DIR;1: 42 files    
      

      

      /EMPTY

      @The /EMPTY qualifier will produce a list of empty directories. <This qualifier can be combined with /ALIAS and /VERSION=n. 

      /FILL_FACTOR=n

      BSpecifies ,in percentage, the filling of directory blocks during Ha /COMPRESS operation. Fill factor may be between 50 and 100. Omitting Gthis qualifier is the same as /FILL_FACTOR=100 (maximum compression). CIf the directory has not enough allocated space a low fill factor Amay result in failure of the Compress operation. DFU will issue Da DFU-E-EXTERR error, and the directory file will not be modified. 

      /FORMAT=format-string

      CCreate an output file in a format described by the format string. EThe string must contain the !AS directive (this must be uppercase). ?At the !AS location the resultant filename will be filled in. $The /OUTPUT qualifier is required. 

      /OUTPUT=filename

      @This qualifier redirects the output to a file. The output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT. 

      /STATISTICS

      GThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. 

      /TEST

      IThe /TEST can only be used in conjunction with /COMPRESS. The qualifier >will show the results of the /COMPRESS but will not compress the directory file. 

      /TRUNCATE=blocksize

      @During a compress operation truncate the directory back to the blocksize Fspecified. If blocksize is not specified, the file will be truncated Iback to the end-of-file block number. Truncation will always be rounded <up to the next highest multiple of the disks cluster size. 

      /VERSION=n

      CThe /VERSION qualifier directs DFU to scan all directories on the device Cto produce a list of files which have at least 'n' versions. This qualifier )can be combined with /ALIAS and /EMPTY. 
      

       


      5

      Chapter 8
      REPORT

      

      GThis chapter describes the REPORT command with the related parameters and qualifiers.  3

      8.1 Description

      

      7The REPORT command function generates a report of the 7file and free space fragmentation of the disk. Also a 6graph may be generated by the /GRAPH qualifier; this >6visualises the free space distribution on your disk. 6The /USAGE qualifier will generate a diskspace usage 8report. This is especially usefull if DISKQUOTA is not enabled on the disk. 

      >The default report contains information of the Volume, files :and the bitmap. This output can be suppressed by the new ,/NOVOLUME, NOFILE and NOBITMAP qualifiers. AAlso the /USAGE qualifier can be used by displaying information Iof a specific UIC or Identifier simply by specifying /USAGE=<uic> or /USAGE=<identifier>.  9

      8.2 Syntax and Output

      

      &The syntax of the report command is:

       "DFU> REPORT device/QUALIFIERS  
      

      <Below follows an example and output of the report command:

         #DFU> REPORT USER3:/GRAPH/USAGE    1%DFU-I-REPORT, Reporting on USER3: ($1$DUA102:)    8  ***** Volume info for USER3: (from HOME block) *****  2 Volume name                      :  USER3        2 Volume owner                     :  SYSTEM       2 Structure name                   :               ( Clustersize                      :  3  - Maximum # files                  :  367618  * First header VBN                 :  103  0 Header count                     :  51547 (1)  0 Free headers                     :  10951 (2)     1  ***** File statistics (from INDEXF.SYS) *****  ? INDEXF.SYS fragments /map_in_use :  21 / 61 (39% used)   (3)  , Total files                      :  40595  ( Files with extension headers     :  0  ? Files marked for delete          :  19 , size : 25/63 blocks  + Directory files                  :  1957  * Empty files                      :  177  , Files with allocation            :  40418  0 Contiguous files                 :  40326 (4)  7 Total size used /allocated       :  2492431 /2533209  , Total fragments                  :  40770  1 Average fragments per file       :  1.009  (5)  < File fragmentation index         :  0.692 (excellent) (6)  ) Average size per fragment        :  62  % Most fragmented file             :  C    $1$DUA102:[LARGEUSER]A.DAT;1 ( 180/630 blocks; 30  fragments)     7  ***** Free space statistics (from BITMAP.SYS) *****  . Total blocks on disk             :  2940951  - Total free blocks                :  407742  ) Percentage free (rounded)        :  13  * Total free extents               :  260  G Largest free extent              :  42912 blocks at LBN: 2463597 (7)  + Average extent size (rounded)    :  1568  > Free space fragmentation index   :  0.191 (excellent) (6)       J %free------------------------------------------------------------------  K 100 |                                                                  |  K  95 |                                                                  |  K  90 |                                                                  |  K  85 |                             *                                    |  K  80 |                             *                                    |  K  75 |                             *                                    |  K  70 |                             *                          *         |  K  65 |                             *                          *         |  K  60 |                             *                          *         |  K  55 |                             *                          *         |  K  50 |                       *     *                        * *         |  K  45 |                       *     *                        * *    *    |  K  40 |                       *     **                       * *    *    |  K  35 |                       *     **                       * *    **   |  K  30 |                       *   * *** *                 *  * *    **   |  K  25 |              *       **   * *** *            *   **  ***    ** * |  K  20 |              *       **   * *** *            * * **  ***    ** * |  K  15 |      *  *  * *   * * ********** *            * * **  ***    ** * |  K  10 |      *  *  * *   *** ********** **           * * ** ****    ** * |  K   5 |      *  *  * * ***** **************          * * ** ****    ** * |  K      -------------------------------------------------------------------  M LBN: 0                                                             2940951  7 Free space distribution, each * =  2100  free blocks     @  ***** Disk Usage Table (from INDEXF.SYS and QUOTA.SYS) *****  L Identifier/UIC                 Used/Allocated   Headers   Quota Used/Perm  L -------------------------------------------------------------------------  L [SYSTEM]                       499554/505626     4954     510580/2000000   L [SSG,MRX]                       42079/46356      2259      48615/60000     L [SSG,TESTJE]                   189306/254742     4935     259677/300000    L [SSG,LARGEUSER]                 47961/50238      1648      51886/65000      .   .   .   
      

      0The various items have the following meaning : 

        8
      1. The header count is calculated based on the size @of INDEXF.SYS. If more headers are needed INDEXF.SYS has to be extended. G
      2. The free headers gives the number of free entries in INDEXF.SYS before it has to extend. G
      3. The INDEXF.SYS number of fragments and mapwords in use are very important Bfigures to determine if the INDEXF.SYS file can be extended. The theoretical Hmaximum number of mapwords is 155. This value may be less if there are BACL's on INDEXF.SYS. Each fragment, and therefore each retrieval pointer Imust be in the mapword area. As the size of a retrieval pointer depends on Gthe physical size of a disk, it is not easy to say how many fragments ,INDEXF.SYS can store in the mapwords area. CIf the mapword area is full the INDEXF file can no longer extend, Cand creating new files may result in a SYSTEM-W-HEADERFULL error. C
      4. Files which have exactly 1 retrieval pointer are considered .to be contiguous. This doesn't mean that the +CONTIGUOUS bit is set in the file header. 1
      5. The average fragments per file give some 0indication about the total file fragmentation. H
      6. The file and free space fragmentation index classifies your disk as follows : 
          
        • 0-1 : Excellent 
        • 1-2 : Good 
        • 2-3 : Fair 
        • 3-4 : Poor 
        • >4 : Bad 
        =
        If your index is greater than 3 you should consider defragmenting the disk Ausing Digitals DFO software, or by performing an Image BACKUP / Restore. 7
      7. The largest free extent is a usefull figure for Idefragmentation purposes. You cannot defragment a file when its size is greater than this value. 
    

    EThe disks free space distribution as a bar graph. On the horizontal axis Hthe Logical Block Number (LBN) is shown, running from 0 to the maximum Eblock number. Each * represents a certain number of contiguous free blocks. 

    >If you use the /USAGE qualifier a usage table will be added. IPer Identifier / UIC the blocks used/allocated , and the number of file Cheaders are shown. If Diskquota is enabled a third column will be included >which shows the blocks used/permitted allowing to QUOTA.SYS. 4Normally quota should satisfy the following rule :

     4 Quota used = blocks allocated + # of file headers  
    

     


    (

    REPORT

    

    7Create a file and free space report of a disk device. 
    
    

    Format

    

    REPORT device[:]

    
    
    

    PARAMETERS

    

    device[:]

    CDevice to be reported. You may also specify a logical devicename. 
    
    

    QUALIFIERS

    

    /APPEND=filename

    :This qualifier redirects the output to be appended to an Calready existing file. If the output file does not exists it will :be created. You can use /APPEND or /OUTPUT but not both. 

    /GRAPH

    HThis qualifier generates a graph table which visualizes the free space 4distribution on the disk. /NOGRAPH is the default. 

    /NOBITMAP

    HThe /NOBITMAP qualifier suppresses the "Free space statistics" output. 

    /NOFILE

    @The /NOFILE qualifier suppressed the "File Statistics" output. 

    /NOVOLUME

    >The /NOVOLUME qualifier suppresses the "Volume info" output. 

    /OUTPUT=filename

    @This qualifier redirects the output to a file. The output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT. 

    /STATISTICS

    GThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. $

    /USAGE(=uic or identifier)

    FThe /USAGE qualifier will generate a diskspace usage report based on AIdentifiers/UIC. If diskquota is enabled on the disk the blocks Aused/permitted allowing to QUOTA.SYS will also be shown. /USAGE Ais very usefull when diskquota is not enabled on the disk. When Ga uic or identifier is specified only the information for this uic or identifier will be displayed. 
    

     


    5

    Chapter 9
    SEARCH

    

    GThis chapter describes the SEARCH command with the related parameters and qualifiers.  4

    9.1 Introduction

    

    1The search function allows very quick disk-wide 5searches for specific files. You can use almost any 0possible file attribute as a search qualifier.  9

    9.2 Syntax and Output

    

    #The command syntax for SEARCH is:

     "DFU> SEARCH device/qualifiers  
    

    =The output is displayed on your terminal. You can also sort &the output with the /SORT qualifier. +The output is shown in 2 or 3 columns eg:

     )DFU> SEARCH MYDISK/FILE=X.X/FRAGMENT   .   .  A$1$DUA102:[USER.COMMAND]X.X;1             1/3               1/1   .   .  
    

    GThe first column shows the full file name . As of this version of DFU the 6device name is included in the file name. The second Fcolumns shows the file size as actual/allocated size. The 3rd column Dis optional and will only be shown when the /FRAGMENT qualifier is used. It =shows the number of fileheaders / number of file fragments.  =

    9.3 Volume Set processing

    

    ;SEARCH checks if the device to-be-searched is member of a ?volume set. If so, the complete volume set will be processed, 7starting with Relative Volume Number 1 up to the last Cmember in set. You can override this behaviour with the /NOVOLSET qualifier.  9

    9.4 Output formatting

    

    2A new qualifier /FORMAT can be used with SEARCH. CThis allows the build up of a command procedure directly from the Coutput generated by the SEARCH command. /FORMAT has the following restrictions : 

      H
    1. /FORMAT is only valid with the /OUTPUT qualifier, and can not be used 2together with the /FULL or the /SORT qualifiers. A
    2. The format string used must contain the !AS directive (in uppercase). 8The file found will be substituted at the !AS location 
    

    Example:

     IDFU> SEARCH/OUTP=DEL.COM/FORMAT="$DELETE/CONF !AS"/FILE=*.LOG mydisk  
    

     E

    9.5 UIC and identifier processing

    

    AThis version introduces an improved handling of UIC's. Previous versions Bof DFU only accepted a numeric UIC in the /OWNER qaulifier or an Hidentifier in the /IDENT qualifier. V2.4 now accepts all valid uic and Hidentifier formats (numeric and alphanumeric) in the /OWNER and /IDENT Iqualifiers. Technically there is no longer any difference between these Etwo qualifiers, but they will be left in for compatibility reasons.  


    (

    SEARCH

    

    &Fast file search through INDEXF.SYS. 
    
    

    Format

    

    SEARCH device[:]

    
    
    

    PARAMETERS

    

    device[:]

    CDevice to be searched. You may also specify a logical devicename. 
    
    

    DESCRIPTION

    FThe SEARCH command is used for quick disk-wide searches for specific files. @The qualifiers describe the file attributes used as the search 6criteria. You can combine almost all of the possible .qualifiers, unless otherwise specified. Eg.:

     DDFU> SEARCH DISK1/SIZE=MIN=10/OWN=[1,4]/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY  
    

    7is a valid command. Note that qualifiers will be used Hin a logical AND manner, that is, SEARCH will only display files which /obey to all qualifiers and options specified. 

    
    

    QUALIFIERS

    

    /ALLOCATED

    IDefault, SEARCH will use the actual file size. The /ALLOCATED qualifier Eforces SEARCH to use the allocated filesize. This qualifier is only +meaningfull if you combine it with /SIZE. 

    /APPEND=filename

    :This qualifier redirects the output to be appended to an Calready existing file. If the output file does not exists it will :be created. You can use /APPEND or /OUTPUT but not both. !

    /BACKUP=option(,option)

    9The /BACKUP qualifier is used to search files depending 2on their backup date. The possible options are : 
      
    • /BACKUP=BEFORE=date 
    • /BACKUP=SINCE=date 
    • /BACKUP=NONE 
    

    7The NONE option gives files which don't have a backup 6date recorded.The other 2 options can be used to get 2files which have a backup date before or after a 3specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command. "

    /BAKFID=backlink-file-id

    6You can use this qualifier to look for a file with a 7specific backlink. Only the first part of the file id 7must be specified, that is, if the file id is (x,y,z) 7you must specify 'x' as the file id. You can use this 6qualifier to get files from a specific directory. If 9you use /BAKFID=0 you will get files not belonging to a $directory (often temporary files). *

    /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...)

    8This qualifier is used to get files with specific file 2characteristics.The characteristics can have the following values: 
      &
    • Directory : directory files ,
    • Nobackup : files marked nobackup 1
    • Contiguous : files marked as contiguous 1
    • Erase : erase file before deletion "
    • Spool : spool files A
    • Badblock : files which contain suspected bad block(s) 1
    • Badacl : files with a corrupted ACL 7
    • Besttry : files marked contiguous-best-try 4
    • Scratch : files marked as scratch files 6
    • Nocharge : files not charged against quota 5
    • Nomove : files marked NoMove (VMS 5.5+) ;
    • Locked : files with the deaccess lock bit set 0
    • Marked : files marked for deletion 5
    • Noshelvable : files which can not be shelved .
    • Isshelved : files which are shelved 
    

    4The several characteristics can be combined in one 8command.If you want a logical OR behaviour in stead of 4the default AND behaviour, you can use the special option MATCH=OR eg:

     *  SEARCH disk/CHAR=(NOMOVE,DIR,MATCH=OR)  
    

    "

    /CREATED=option(,option)

    0The /CREATED qualifier is used to search files 5depending on their creation date. The options are : 
      
    • /CREATED=BEFORE=date 
    • /CREATED=SINCE=date 
    

    7These 2 options can be used to get files which have a 4creation date before or after a specific date. The 9BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command. #

    /EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...)

    2This qualifier is used to exclude files from the 7search. You can use wildcard filenames ; you can also specifiy a list of files. "

    /EXPIRED=option(,option)

    0The /EXPIRED qualifier is used to search files 7depending on their expiration date. The options are : 
      
    • /EXPIRED=BEFORE=date 
    • /EXPIRED=SINCE=date 
    • /EXPIRED=NONE 
    

    0The NONE option gives files which don't have a 5expiration date recorded.The other 2 options can be 7used to get files which have a expiration date before 7or after a specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE option !can be combined in one command. 

    /FID=file-id

    9The /FID qualifier is a special function of SEARCH. It 5directs SEARCH to go directly to the specified file 0without processing the rest of the Index file. 8Therefore, you cannot combine this qualifierwith other 5search qualifiers such as /FILE. Normally a file-id 7consists is in the form (x,y,z) where x is the number 8of the file header within INDEXF.SYS y is the sequence 7number, and z is the Relative Volume Number. You only 5need to specifiy the x value in the /FID qualifier.

    /FILE=(file1,file2...)

    3This qualifier is used to search for files with a 6specific file name.You can use wildcard file names; 'also you can specify a list of files. 

    /FORMAT=format-string

    CCreate an output file in a format described by the format string. EThe string must contain the !AS directive (this must be uppercase). ?At the !AS location the resultant filename will be filled in. $The /OUTPUT qualifier is required. -

    /FRAGMENT(=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr))

    EThis qualifier displays the number of fragments and file headers of each 6file found. You can further limit the files found by 6using the MINIMUM and MAXIMUM= options. For example:  

    0


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    DFU V2.4

    ?
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     DFU> disk/FRAG  DFU> disk/FRAG=min=10  $DFU> disk/FRAG=(min=10,max=100)  
    

    

    /FULL

    5If you use this qualifier , SEARCH will give a full 9output for each file found. This output is a look-alike 7of the output from DIRECTORY/FULL. You cannot combine (this qualifier with /SORT or /SUMMARY. 

    /HOME

    7This qualifier directs search to give output from the 3disk's home block. SEARCH uses the home block for ?calculating the free and used file headers within INDEXF.SYS. &

    /(NO)IDENT=identifier or uic

    .You can search for files owned by a specific Didentifier or uic. Any valid uic or identifier format may be used. *Another way is the /OWNER_UIC qualifier; >you cannot combine these 2 qualifiers in one SEARCH command. =Issueing /NOIDENT directs DFU to search for files NOT owned Fby this IDENTIFIER, eg: DFU> SEARCH sys$sysdevice/NOIDENT=SYSTEM. #

    /LBN=logical-block-number

    5The /LBN qualifier is a special function of SEARCH. 2This allows you to find a file which contains a 3specific LBN. This may be usefull if you have bad 9blocks logged in the error log. You cannot combine /LBN 'with search qualifiers such as /FILE. *

    /(NO)OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier

    @This qualifier is used to get files owned by a specific uic or =identifier. Any valid uic or identifier format may be used. EYou cannot combine this qualifier with /IDENT. Specifying /NOOWNER Fdirects DFU to search for files NOT owned by this UIC or identifier. #

    /MODIFIED=option(,option)

    1The /MODIFIED qualifier is used to search files 9depending on their modification date. The options are : 
      
    • /MODIFIED=BEFORE=date 
    • /MODIFIED=SINCE=date 
    

    7These 2 options can be used to get files which have a 8modification date before or after a specific date. The 9BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command. 

    /MULTIPLE

    8This qualifier searches for files which have more than 1 file header. 

    /NOSEARCH

    5This qualifier can only be used in combination with 6/HOME. It is used to get the Homeblock info, without searching the entire disk. 

    /NOVOLSET

    9The default behaviour of SEARCH is to process an entire 3volume set. You can override this behaviour with :/NOVOLSET. This may be usefull when doing a /LBN search. 

    /OUTPUT=file

    7This qualifier redirects the output from SEARCH to an 6output file.This file can later be used as input to (the DEFRAG , DIRECTORY or SET command. 

    /OVER_ALLOCATED=n

    :Searches for files where the difference between the used ,and allocated size is at least 'n' blocks. 

    /PLACED

    1Checks for files which have a placement control 9retrieval pointer.This is sometimes set by non-DEC disk defragmentation programs. -

    /SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2)

    5The /SIZE qualifier is used to limit files found by 0their file size.You can either use minimum= or 8maximum= or use both options together. SEARCH will use 7the actual file size for selecting files, except when #the /ALLOCATED qualifier is used. 

    /SORT

    7This qualifier will sort the files found before being 9output. You can combine this with the /OUTPUT qualifier %(the default output is SYS$OUTPUT). 

    /STATISTICS

    GThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. 

    /SUMMARY

    3This qualifier will limit the output to the total 7number of files found, with their size (and optional 3the fragmentation when /FRAG is used). You cannot combine /SUMMARY with /FULL. =

    /VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=version1,maximum=version2)

    ?The /VERSION_NUMBER qualifier is used search for files within >a range of specific file version numbers. Logfiles which are Cproduced with the same name may pose problems when they reach the :maximum version number (32767). Using /VERSION=MIN=32000 $is a quick way to find such files. 
    

     


    4

    Chapter 10
    SET

    

    DThis chapter describes the SET command with the related parameters and qualifiers.  6

    10.1 Introduction

    

    EThe SET command allows you to modify file attributes which can't be modified through DCL commands. =Note that you should be carefull about using this function; you may easily corrupt files. GNOTE: This much wanted functionality is finally introduced in VMS 6.0 Bwith a new DCL command $SET FILE/ATTRIBUTES. Still DFU's SET has Fsome options which are not in SET FILE/ATTRIBUTES (such as setting a BACKUP date). 

     G

    10.2 UIC and identifier processing

    

    GAs of this version of DFU the /OWNER and /IDENT qualifier now accepts all valid uic or 2identifier formats. See chapter 9.5 for details.  


    %

    SET

    

    Modify file attributes. 
    
    

    Format

    $

    SET file1,file2,...,@file

    
    
    

    PARAMETERS

    

    file1,file2,...,@file

    GThe files to be modified. The attributes to be modified are specified Fwith qualifiers. Wildcards area allowed in the filename. An indirect file Hcan be used by using the @ sign. This allows processing of a file list #produced by a DFU SEARCH command. 
    
    

    QUALIFIERS

    

    /BACKUP_DATE=date

    

    /NOBACKUP_DATE

    6Controls whether a new backup date is assigned to @the specified files. Specify the date according to the rules described <in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute ?date keywords are allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, Etoday's date is used. If you specify /NOBACKUP_DATE the Backup date field will be cleared. 

    /BADACL

    

    /NOBADACL

    7Sets or resets the 'BADACL' flag in the file header. &This enables deletion of a file with a corrupted ACL. 

    /BUCKETSIZE=size

    :Sets a new value for the bucket size in the file header. 

    /CONFIRM

    

    /NOCONFIRM (default)

    3Controls whether a request is issued before each +individual SET operation to confirm that 1the operation should be performed on that file. 8When the system issues the prompt, you can issue #any of the following responses:

       YES      NO     QUIT    TRUE     FALSE  CTRL/Z    1        0      ALL             <RET>  
    

    5You can use any combination of upper- and lowercase Cletters for word responses. Word responses can be abbreviated to <one or more letters (for example, T, TR, or TRU for TRUE). 5Affirmative answers are YES, TRUE, and 1. Negative Ganswers are NO, FALSE, 0, and <RET>. QUIT or CTRL/Z indicates that you want Fto stop processing the command at that point. When you respond with CALL, the command continues to process, but no further prompts are given. ?If you type a response other than one of those in the list, the prompt will be reissued. 

    /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY

    /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY

    BSets or resets the 'CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY' bit in the file header. 

    /CREATION_DATE=date

    

    /NOCREATION_DATE

    6Controls whether a new creation date is assigned to 6the specified files. Specify the date according to 2the rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute 9date keywords are allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. 

    /DIRECTORY

    

    /NODIRECTORY

    6Sets or resets the directory attribute of a file. 2This qualifier allows you to set the directory 7bit of a file which was mistakingly reset by the 'SET FILE/NODIRECTORY' command. 8If it is done on a non-directory file, then access 9to that directory will give a 'BADIRECTORY' error. 

    /EBLOCK[=block]

    8This qualifier will reset the end-of-file mark to the :highest block allocated if no block has been specified. DOtherwise the end-of-file mark will be set to the specified block. 

    /EBYTE[=byte]

    8This qualifier will set the end-of-file byte mark to 0the highest byte if it has not been specified. IOtherwise the end-of-file byte mark will be set to the specified byte. 

    /EXPIRATION_DATE=date

    

    /NOEXPIRATION_DATE

    6Controls whether an expiration date is assigned to )the specified files. Specify the date 6according to the rules described in Chapter 1 of the (VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute 8date keywords are allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. "

    /IDENT=identifier or uic

    =Modify the file ownership. See also /OWNER_UIC. This allows modification Bof the file-ownership even if the file is open, eg. INDEXF.SYS. ,You cannot use both /IDENT and /OWNER_UIC. 

    /LOCKED

    

    /NOLOCKED

    3This qualifier will lock a file for future use. 5Nothing else can then be done with the file, until Hit is unlocked (which can also be done with the VMS 'UNLOCK' command. 

    /LOG (default)

    

    /NOLOG

    4Controls whether the SET command displays the file &specification of each file after the modification is made. 

    /MAXREC=record

    7Sets a new value for the maximum record number in the file header. 

    /ORGANIZATION=keyword

    FThe following keywords are used as parameters for the ORGANIZATION 6qualifier: DIRECT, INDEXED, RELATIVE and SEQUENTIAL. 5This will allow you to modify the file organization 7type in the file header. Of course this won't change %the real organization of the file. &

    /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier

    EModify the file ownership to an uic or identifier. See also /IDENT. DThis allows modification of the file-ownership even if the file is open, eg. INDEXF.SYS. ,You cannot use both /IDENT and /OWNER_UIC.

    /RECATTRIBUTES=keyword

    .The following keywords are used as Iparameters for the RECATTRIBUTES qualifier: NONE, FORTRAN, IMPLIED, PRINT @and NOSPAN. This will allow you to modify the file's record Eattributes in the file header. NONE, FORTRAN, IMPLIED and PRINT are mutually 9exclusive, but can be used in combination with NOSPAN. EWhen NOSPAN is omitted SPAN is assumed (the default is to allow %records to cross block boundaries). 

    /RECSIZE=size

    :Sets a new value for the record size in the file header. 

    /RECTYPE=keyword

    9The following keywords are used as parameters for Gthe RECTYPE qualifier: FIXED, STREAM, STREAMCR, STREAMLF, UNDEFINED, VARIABLE >and VFC. This will allow you to modify the file's record type in the file header. 

    /REVISION_DATE=date

    

    /NOREVISION_DATE

    5Controls whether a revision date is assigned to the .specified files. Specify the date according Ito the rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. EAbsolute date keywords are allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. 

    /RVCOUNT=count

    =Sets a new value for the revision count in the file header. 

    /UPDATE

    

    /NOUPDATE (default)

    1Normally the file's revision date will be )updated after any modification to it. ISET however disables this update (otherwise the REVISION date could not Fbe set). Specify this qualifier if you want the revision date to be updated. 

    /VFCSIZE=size

    2Sets a new value for the VFC size in the file Aheader. This value will only be used with the VFC record type. 
    

     


    9

    Chapter 11
    UNDELETE

    

    IThis chapter describes the UNDELETE command with the related parameters and qualifiers.  6

    11.1 Introduction

    

    @The UNDELETE function is designed to recover deleted files, if possible. ,UNDELETE operates in a safe mode such that Eit first checks if the deleted file header and diskblocks are still available. GOnly in that case will the file be recovered. Otherwise UNDELETE will leave the disk unmodified. &UNDELETE has some powerfull options: 

      F
    • Generate a list of recoverable files with the /LIST qualifier. FThis qualifier will not undelete any file, and therefore it does not lock up the disk. ,
    • Undelete multiple files in one pass. I
    • Make file selections based on the owner with the /OWNER or /IDENT qualifier. F
    • Undeleted files which cannot be entered back in their original Cdirectory will be moved to the [SYSLOST] directory. This saves an (additional ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR action. 
    

     <

    11.2 How Undelete works

    

    ,The UNDELETE command operates as follows : 

      F
    1. Lock the volume. In the same manner as ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR and SET VOLUME A/REBUILD Undelete locks the disk for other writers such that no modifications 2to the INDEXF, BITMAP or QUOTA file can be made. H
    2. Search the INDEXF.SYS file if the requested file is still there. A check 6is made if it really is a valid deleted file header. D
    3. Checks if the deleted file header and all possible extension headers are still valid. D
    4. Checks if the blocks previously owned by this file are still free. A
    5. If all these conditions are met DFU will display the file and asks for a confirmation. G
    6. Rebuilds all of the deleted file headers and bitmaps in memory. 9If no errors are found all the file headers and bitmaps Eare written back to disk. The files original backlink is saved in a table in memory. @
    7. If appropiate the blocks and headers are charged against diskquota. G
    8. When all of INDEXF.SYS has been scanned the volume is unlocked. A
    9. The file(s) is (are) entered in the original directory if possible, @using the table build up in memory. If the enter command fails (probably Ebecause the original directory is gone) the file will be entered in 6[SYSLOST]. DFU will create this directory if needed. 
    

    DIf the /LIST qualifier is used, DFU will just list the recoverable Dfiles without performing any action on the disk. The disk will not be locked. 

    @It is important to note that during the bitmap and file header processing Gany error will immediately terminate the recovery process, and unlock the Fdisk. Files which have been recovered up to that point will still be Gentered in the appropiate directory. As no wrong information has been Hwritten back to the disk this should leave the disk in a proper state. 

    ENOTE: The blocks recovered will NOT be subtracted from the Volume's free 6block count. To get the actual freeblock count a SET VOLUME/REBUILD=FORCE Gis necessary. Also a complete reMOUNT will reset the freeblock count. >

    GIMPORTANT: DFU takes care to recover only files whose original blocks are Ffree. However these blocks may have been modified in the meantime by Ianother file which also has been deleted. Therefore each recovered file 2must be checked manually to check its integrity. 

    !Example of a Undelete session :

     DFU> undel $1$dua102:/list    /Recoverable file [TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2 found  -Recoverable file [TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1 found  .Recoverable file [TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1 found  +Recoverable file [TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1 found    %DFU> undel/file=*.for $1$DUA102:    (%DFU-I-READBMAP, Reading BITMAP.SYS...  ,%DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now LOCKED for write  *%DFU-I-UNDEL, Start search on $1$DUA102:    /Recoverable file [TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2 found  "Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : n  -Recoverable file [TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1 found  "Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : y  ,%DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recovered  (%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota...    .Recoverable file [TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1 found  "Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : n  +Recoverable file [TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1 found  "Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : y    ,%DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recovered  (%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota...   %DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlocked  0%DFU-I-ENTER, Entering file(s) in directory...  A%DFU-S-ENTERED, File CHECK_ID.FOR entered in original directory  ?%DFU-S-ENTERED, File CHRLEN.FOR entered in original directory    DFU> EXIT    
    

     A

    11.3 Files marked for delete

    

    FNormally DFU does not undelete files marked for delete. This version Dintroduces a new qualifier, /MARKED , which specifically undeletes Bfiles marked for delete. This allows the recovery of files which =are deleted but still open, such as INSTALLed files or even Crecovery of the system dump file SYSDUMP.DMP whenever such a file is deleted.  G

    11.4 UIC and identifier processing

    

    GAs of this version of DFU the /OWNER and /IDENT qualifier now accepts all valid uic or 2identifier formats. See chapter 9.5 for details.  


    *

    UNDELETE

    

    0Recover one or more deleted files on a device. 
    
    

    Format

    

    UNDELETE device[:]

    
    
    

    PARAMETERS

    

    device

    4The device on which to undelete one or more files. >The device will be write-locked during the undelete process. 
    
    

    QUALIFIERS

    

    /FILE=filename

    HThe file to be recovered. Wildcards may be used. If a matching file is found HUndelete will ask a confirmation. If a certain file is confirmed, that Ifile will be recovered if possible, and control will be returned to the IDFU> prompt. If the /FILE qualifier is omitted DFU will assume *.*;* . "

    /IDENT=identifier or uic

    .You can search for files owned by a specific =identifier or uic. Another way is the /OWNER_UIC qualifier; ?you cannot combine these 2 qualifier in one UNDELETE command. "

    /LIST(=output-file-name)

    DGenerate a list of recoverable files. No undelete will take place, Cand the disk will not be locked. The defaultoutput is SYS$OUTPUT. 

    /MARKED

    @Consider only files marked-for-delete. Such files are usuallly 8still open by some utility, such as INSTALLed files or the system dump file. &

    /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier

    AThis qualifier is used to select files by a uic or identifier . 1You cannot combine this qualifier with /IDENT. 

    /STATISTICS

    GThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. 
    

     


    6

    Chapter 12
    SPAWN

    

    :The new SPAWN command creates an interactive subprocess. EThis allows a quick escape to the DCL level from an interactive DFU 8session. The subprocess has a default prompt DFU_sub$. ?In SMG mode the <DO> key also performs a SPAWN command. :You must logout explicitly to return to the DFU session.  


    7

    Chapter 13
    VERIFY

    

    GThis chapter describes the VERIFY command with the related parameters and qualifiers.  6

    13.1 Introduction

    

    IThe VERIFY command makes an analysis of the disk, scanning for file and disk Estructure errors. VERIFY performs almost all of the checks normally done Dby a ANALYZE/DISK command. But VERIFY is several times faster than )ANALYZE/DISK, and using less resources. 

    1VERIFY checks and reports the following errors: 

      H
    • Checks the logical information contained in the disks HOME block )
    • Reports files marked for deletion 5
    • Reports mismatches in the index file's bitmap 
    • Checks all backlinks. )
    • Reports multiple allocated blocks <
    • Reports blocks incorrectly marked free and allocated 
    • Reports all lost files G
    • Checks for mismatches between blocks used and blocks charged in QUOTA.SYS. '(Only done when diskquota is enabled) 
    

     >

    13.2 Basic repair actions

    

    6The /FIX qualifier can be used to perform some basic Irepair actions. Unlike ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR this does not lock the disk! $/FIX repairs the following errors: 

      5
    • Deletes file marked for delete (if possible). ;
    • Recovers lost files and directories into [SYSLOST]. G
    • Recovers a very rare problem which will get ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR Cinto a computable loop (This problem is fixed in VMS V6.2 or with the VERI02_061 patch kit). C
    • Recovers a corrupted backlink for the Master File Directory 000000.DIR. 
    

     <

    13.3 Directory scanning

    

    CThis version of DFU introduces the new /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier. AThis qualifier directs DFU to scan all directories on the disk. This has some advantages : 

      I
    • Better detection of some cases of 'lost' files. Combined with the G/FIX qualifier DFU may be able to recover such files into the correct 6directory instead of moving such files to [SYSLOST]. B
    • Detects and fixes file-id mismatches between the directory and the INDEXF.SYS file. F
    • Using the /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier makes DFU fully compatible with ANALYZE/DISK. 
    

    EPlease note that a complete directory scan may take several minutes to complete.  A

    13.4 Advanced repair actions

    

    9The /REBUILD qualifier can be used to perform some more 7repair actions. This will however lock the disk (like Ea DCL $SET VOLUME/REBUILD=FORCE command) for a short period of time I(usually less than 30 seconds). /REBUILD repairs the following errors : 

      D
    • Mismatches in the INDEXF.SYS bitmap (files reported with the NOBITSET and NOBITCLR errors) F
    • Blocks incorrectly marked allocated or free in the BITMAP.SYS. )
    • Mismatches in the diskquota file. 
    

    @Note that /REBUILD does NOT change the disks free block count. 

     =

    13.5 Interpreting errors

    

    @On a system (cluster) wide mounted disk there will probably be Fconcurrent disk activity during the VERIFY command. Therefore VERIFY may report Dsome errors which are not really errors. Try running VERIFY 2 or 3 times *to see if the errors are reported again. ETo get a really consistent report from VERIFY you can use the /LOCK qualifier. HThis will write-lock the disk during the VERIFY run, so don't use this Cqualifier too often. (The /REPAIR qualifier of ANALYZE/DISK also Cwrite-locks the disk). Even if DFU ends ungracefully the DFU exit handler will always UNLOCK the disk.  9

    13.6 Error reporting

    

    -An example of a typical VERIFY run follows:

     DFU> VERIFY mydisk  "%DFU-I-VERIFY, Verifying MYDISK:  -%DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK  (%DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning INDEXF.SYS ...  *%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS...  ,%DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files...  (%DFU-I-CHKQUOTA, Checking QUOTA.SYS...     &DFU> VERIFY/REBUILD sys$sysdevice  (%DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now write locked  )%DFU=I-VERIFY, Verifying SYS$SYSDEVICE:  -%DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK  M%DFU-W-DELETED, file (620,351,1) RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3 marked for delete  G%DFU-W-DELETED, file (6349,173,1) DCLTABLES.EXE;937 marked for delete  N%DFU-W-DELETED, file (19745,35,1) RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3 marked for delete  *%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS...  R%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN 2667141 through 2667143 incorrectly marked allocated  R%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN 2667153 through 2667161 incorrectly marked allocated    .    .  2%DFU-S-RBDBITMAP, BITMAP.SYS succesfully rebuild  ,%DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files...   %DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlocked    	DFU>  
    

    )VERIFY can report the following errors:

    1ALLOCCLR, blocks incorrectly marked allocated, 
    Severity  ERROR Explanation DBlocks were found which are not allocated by a file but set in the DBITMAP file. This error is often seen when VERIFY is run and there His concurrent file activity on the disk. Also, if after a system crash <the disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such blocks may exist. =ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there. User Action 0Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the BITMAP file.
    ,ALLOCSET, blocks incorrectly marked free, 
    Severity  ERROR Explanation DBlocks were found which are allocated by a file but not set in the DBITMAP file. This error is often seen when VERIFY is run and there His concurrent file activity on the disk. Also, if after a system crash <the disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such blocks may exist. =ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there. User Action 0Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the BITMAP file.
    +BADBLOCK, file has suspected bad blocks, 
    Severity  ERROR Explanation AA file has suspected bad blocks. This is likely to be caused by hardware errors on the disk. User Action ETry to copy the file to another location. Also check the Error Log.
    .BADEXTLNK, link to extension header broken, 
    Severity  ERROR Explanation >VERIFY tries to follow the extension link of the file and it -failed, or the extension header is invalid. User Action ITry ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR. However, this may be an unrepairable error, in which 1case the file will be corrupted and unreliable.
    <BADMFDLNK, directory has backlink to 000000.DIR on RVN n, 
    Severity  ERROR Explanation =A directory has a backlink to a Master file directory other Gthan the one on RVN 1. This is incorrect, but the only way to recover is to >reenter the directory manually into the 000000.DIR on RVN 1. User Action EDo a SET FILE/ENTER into the 000000.DIR directory on RVN 1, then do .a SET FILE/REMOVE from the wrong 000000.DIR.
    #DELETED, file marked for delete, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation DA file was found marked for deletion. Such files usually exists as Ea result of file being deleted while it was still INSTALLed , or as Ga result of a system crash. It is not considered as an error. You can try +to delete such files by using VERIFY/FIX.
    #ERRHOME, Home block info not OK, 
    Severity  ERROR Explanation GThe Info contained in the Home Block was not consistent or corrupted. User Action 2Run ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR to try to fix the error.
    (INVBAKFID, file has invalid backlink, 
    Severity  ERROR Explanation EThe files backlink file id is not filled in. This is likely to be a lost Afile. (Note that once VERIFY reports this error, it will not be reported Fagain during the LOSTFILE check). But is also possible that the file Fis in a valid directory, but that the Backlink file id is not filled in. User Action BRun ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR. If the file is in a valid directory the backlink will @be repaired. Otherwise the file will be moved to the [SYSLOST] directory. GYou can also use VERIFY/FIX but then the file will unconditionally be moved to [SYSLOST].
    #LOCKED, file is deaccess locked, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation FThe file is deaccess locked. This may be a result of a system crash. User Action DTry to unlock the file with the DFU SET command, or the DCL UNLOCK command.
    1LOSTHDR1, file found in nonexistent directory, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation CDuring the lost file check a file was discovered in a nonexistent directory. ?This error can be caused as follows : set a directory file to NODIRECTORY and delete it. User Action =Run VERIFY/FIX to move the file to the [SYSLOST] directory.
    7LOSTHDR2, file found in directory with bad backlink, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation HDuring the lost file check a file was discovered in a valid directory. 1However, the directory has an invalid backlink. DThis error can be caused by doing a SET FILE/REMOVE of a directory file. User Action BRun VERIFY/FIX to move the directory to the [SYSLOST] directory. DThen move the directory back to the correct location. The files in *the directory should be accesible again.
    -LOSTHDR3, file found in invalid directory, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation HDuring the lost file check a file was discovered in a directory which Dis not a valid directory. Either the file has a wrong backlink, or >the directory file has the directory file attribute not set. User Action HLook up the directory and use DFU SET to set the directory bit. If the Edirectory file was OK then run VERIFY/FIX to recover the lost file.
    &LOSTHDR4, not found in a directory, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation @When the /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier is used , DFU detects files Fwhich have a valid backlink but which are not seen in the directory. !This can be repaired with /FIX. User Action =Using /FIX will enter these files in the correct directory.
    (MULTALLOC, blocks multiple allocated, 
    Severity  ERROR Explanation CA file has blocks allocated which already belong to another file. =Note that VERIFY will make a second pass through INDEXF.SYS Ito report all the files involved. This is a serious error, and may be a =result of a disk being mounted on two seperated VAXClusters (or a partitioned VAXCluster). User Action GCopy all the files found to another location. Next all the files must be Edeleted. Run VERIFY/REBUILD to repair the BITMAP. All the afflicted Ifiles must be manually inspected to see which files are valid and which are corrupted.
    -NOBITCLR, Deleted file header marked BUSY, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation GA file was deleted. The corresponding bit in the INDEXF bitmap should be 8cleared but is still set. This is not a serious error. User Action &Run VERIFY/REBUILD to fix the error.
    +NOBITSET, index file bitmap bit not set, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation BA valid file was found , but the corresponding index file bitmap ,bit is clear. This is not a serious error. User Action &Run VERIFY/REBUILD to fix the error.
    NOOWNER, file has no owner, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation DA file was found with UIC [0,0] as the owner. This is not a normal situation. User Action -Look up the file and modify the file owner.
    CQUOTAERR, UIC [x,y] has n blocks used, QUOTA indicates m blocks, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation HIf a disk has diskquota enabled, VERIFY calculates the blocks used and Ecompares them with the value in the QUOTA.SYS file. Any mismatch is reported. 8This error is often seen when VERIFY is run, and there His concurrent file activity on the disk. Also, if after a system crash Fthe disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such Quota mismatches may exist. =ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there. User Action /Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the QUOTA file. )Or run a DISKQUOTA> REBUILD command.
    (SLFBAKFID, backlink points to itself, 
    Severity WARNING Explanation EThis error indicates that DFU has found a directory with a backlink pointing Fto itself. This feature is only allowed for the MFD 000000.DIR. This error ;will result in ANALYZE/DISK going into a COMputable loop. User Action BRun VERIFY/FIX to move the directory to the [SYSLOST] directory. DThen remove the directory entry from itself with a SET FILE/REMOVE command. 7The files in the directory should be accesible again.  
    (

    VERIFY

    

    ,VERIFY a device for disk structure errors. 
    
    

    Format

    

    VERIFY device[:]

    
    
    

    PARAMETERS

    

    device

    The device to be verified. 
    
    

    QUALIFIERS

    

    /APPEND=filename

    :This qualifier redirects the output to be appended to an Calready existing file. If the output file does not exists it will :be created. You can use /APPEND or /OUTPUT but not both. 

    /DIRECTORY_SCAN

    DPerforms a full directory scan. This may take up some time, but it <allows detection of mismatches between the directories and INDEXF.SYS. 

    /FIX

    

    /NOFIX (default)

    GRepair errors on the disk. File marked for delete will be deleted and 8lost files and directories will be moved to [SYSLOST]. 

    /LOCK

    

    /NOLOCK (default)

    FLocks the disk for file allocation/deletion. This gives a consistent report Ifor the disk, but other users may experience a delay when accessing the disk. >The device will be unlocked a the end of the VERIFY command. 

    /OUTPUT=filename

    @This qualifier redirects the output to a file. The output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT. 7CAUTION: if you use /LOCK in combination with /OUTPUT Cbe carefull to specify an outputfile on ANOTHER disk, or DFU will finish with a severe error. 

    /REBUILD

    

    /NOREBUILD (default)

    Perform a volume rebuild. FUsing this qualifier will temporarily lock the disk for other users. 

    /STATISTICS

    GThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. 
     

    0


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    Contents (summary)

     


    

    Contents

     <
    | Next page...  |   0![SYSHLP]DFUECO2_024.RELEASE_NOTESBQlHIlJHIlJ DFU 2.4 ECO 2 Release Notes =========================== To : All Freeware DFU users 1. Introduction --------------- Several problems have been discovered for V2.4 of DFU. This new ECO kit fixes all known problems. This kit can be downline loaded via http or ftp from : ftp.digital.com This kit will bump up the V2.4 version of DFU to V2.4-2. Installation of this kit is recommended if you are using the VERIFY/DIR command. See .5 for a description of all the fixes. 2. Before you install ECO 2. ---------------------------- Before you install this ECO kit you must check the following : - Installation is done via the PRODUCT INSTALL command. This means that this ECO kit con only be installed on VMS V6.1 and higher (up to and inluding VMS 7.1). - If DFU is INSTALLed with the INSTALL command remove DFU via the following command: $ INSTALL REMOVE SYS$SYSTEM:DFU prior to installing the new version of DFU. Failing to do so will result in problems during installation. - This kit is for freeware usage, and in fact replaces the DFU024 kit available on the freeware CD 3.0. 3. Installation procedure. -------------------------- After copying the kit to your own directory installation is performed via the following command : $ PRODUCT INSTALL DFU/SOURCE=:[your_directory] During the installation you will have the option of installing the documentation. The documentation is the same as in the original DFU 2.4 version. This kit is a full installation kit and can also be used even if DFU has not been installed before. 4. Restrictions and support --------------------------- This version DFU is for FREEWARE usage. Apart for this release notes there are no changes to the original V2.4 documentation. Also the help file is unchanged. Support as always is not really official, but I appreciate any problems reported to me at ton.dorland@uto.mts.dec.com I will try to fix any serious problems found with DFU. 5. Problems fixed in ECO 2 -------------------------- General fixes: - Previous versions of DFU always required an exact device name (or a logical name). As of ECO 1 DFU allows some more freedom, eg. if the device is named $1$DIA1 DFU will now also accept DIA1, or even DIA if there is only one DIA device. If the device name is not unique DFU will display the new error message : %DFU-E-NOTUNIQ, Device name is not unique - Some DFU commands flushed the disks ACP caches when it was not really necessary Fixes for VERIFY/DIR: - The VERIFY/DIR/FIX command could result in a computable loop - VERIFY/DIR and some other commands could result in an ACCVIO if the directory was not named .DIR;1 - Sometimes VERIFY/DIR would report a directory as invalid. This could only happen if the first directory entry in a block was exactly 256 bytes large. - Under VERY rare circumstances VERIFY/DIRECTORY would improperly denote a directory as being not valid, which could result in lot of files being reported as lost (LOSTHDR4 errors). This problem is different fro the previous one. - Files with 'lost' backlinks are now correctly reentered in the original directory Fixes for SEARCH: - SEARCH/FULL did not properly display the file date fields. An ASCII date field is 23 bytes, but DFU only displayed 21 or 22 bytes. - Fixed a rare problem where SEARCH resulted in files with '[]' as the resultant directory. This could only happen when BYPASS privilege was disabled. Also DEFRAGMENT/LBN sometimes gave a NOVOLSET error; this problem was caused by the same bug. - SEARCH /FORMAT /APPEND did not work due to a bug in the command definition file. Fix for DELETE: - The DELETE code, especially DELETE/DIR, has been rewritten such as to deal correctly with files which cannot be deleted for some reason. Previously such files became lost files, now they will remain in their original directory. The trade-off is a slight performance loss. 0[SYSHLP]DFUHLP.HLBHHHw}t "G GlHIlJHIlJ>% VAX-11 Librarian V04-00m`mGH5 DFUsm1 DFU@The ODS-2 Disk and File Utilities is a high performance utility Gdeveloped to perform routine maintenance and special purpose operationsAon disks, files and directories. The functionality offered by DFUGis not or partly available through other DCL commands or VMS utilities. .NOTE: DFU V2.4 is a freeware software product. DFU has the following functions:, o DEFRAGMENT : defragment individual filesJ o DELETE : delete files by file-id, and delete direc tory(trees) fast o DIRECTORY functions 6 : COMPRESS , CREATE or DUMP directoriesG : search directories for files with multiple versions , 4 alias files , or empty directories+ o REPORT : reports disk fragmentation! o SEARCH : search for files$ o SET : set file attributes& o UNDELETE : recover deleted files8 o VERIFY : analyze (and repair) the disk structure2 Freeware_warning3DFU is provided as part of the freeware CD (V3.0), Band as such it is NOT officially supported. Problems, remarks and >wishes may be send via internet to DORLAND@UTRTSC.ENET.DEC.COM2 Restrictions9- DFU cannot handle volume sets with more than 32 disks. 2 DEFRAG;The defrag option is used to defragment a single file or a list of files.Syntax:9 DEFRAG file1,file2,...,@file3 (/DEVICE=/BESTTRY) 3 Parameters file1,file2,...,@file3>You must specify a file (list) with a full file specification =or a log ical name. You may also use an indirect command file <eg.: DEFRAG @DEFRAG.COM(/device=). This enables you Dto generate a list with SEARCH device/OUTPUT=file and use that file Eas input to the DEFRAG command. The list generated by DFU SEARCH willJcontain the device name in the file specification. If you have a filelist Dfrom another source which does not contain the device name you must 5use /DEVICE as to append the device name to the file. 3 Qualifiers/BESTTRYIThis qualifier directs DFU to create a file using the contiguous-best-tryImethod. Default DFU tries to make a completely contiguous file. On highly0fragmented or used disks this may be impossible./DEVICE=device_name(Append the device-name to the filename. /LBN=EMove a single file to the target logical block number. This is faster:than having the file system search for a new LBN location.BCaution: Use this qualifier only for processing a single file, not=a list of files. If there is not enough contiguous free space3available at the target LBN Defrag will fail with aDEVICEFULL error. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether CPU and I/O consumption of the command are shown. /WRITECHECK /WRITECHECK /NOWRITECHECK (default)D Performs a write check on the resultant file after the defragment operation. 2 DELETE&The Delete command serves 2 purposes : o Delete files by File-id= o Delete complete directories and directory trees very fast>Deleting files by file id's (with the /FILE qualifier) can be =usefull in removing files which are no longer in a directory (eg. files marked for delete). DDeleting a directory (with the /DIRECTORY qualifier) is 2 - 3 times @faster than the normal DCL delete command, especially for large Bdirectories. The /TREE qualifier can be used to delete a complete %directory tree with just one command.4The /FILE and /DIRECTORY command cannot be c ombined. Syntax :& (1) DELETE /FILE=@ (2) DELETE /DIRECTORY(/Qualifiers) 3 Qualifiers /DIRECTORYD This qualifier directs DFU to delete the complete contents of theB specified directory, followed by a delete of the directory fileC itself. Note: make sure the directory does not contain non-empty? subdirectories, because these files will become lost files. = See also the /TREE qualifier. The parameter must specify a> f ull directory file name. Wildcards may be used. Examples :0 DFU> DELETE mydisk:[000000]gone.dir/DIRECTORY9 gone.dir will be deleted with its contents. > DFU> DELETE/DIRECTORY mydisk:[maindir.subdir]removethis.dir? removethis.dir will be deleted with its contents./FILE /FILE=G The full 3 number file-id of the file to be deleted. In combination E with the required device parameter this results in a unique file. A To avoid possib le errors a full file id is required. Example :$ DFU> DELETE mydisk/FILE=(234,567,1)/KEEP /NOKEEP (default)@ Used with DELETE/DIRECTORY(/TREE). This qualifier directs DFU> to delete the directory(tree) but to preserve the directory files. /NOLOG /LOG (default)I This qualifier is used only with the /DIRECTORY qualifier. Default DFUE will report each deleted file. This can be suppressed with /NOLOG. /NOREMOVE /REMOVE (default)E This qualifier can only be used with /FILE. Default DFU will also A try to remove the file from the parent directory. For lost or H marked-for-delete files this is not possible, and the DELETE command  will probably fail.? The /NOREMOVE qualifier will override the default behaviour. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether CPU and I/O consumption of the command are shown./TREE H This qualifier is only used in combination with /DIRECTORY. Starting C with the specified directoy all (sub)directory contents and all ) (sub)directory files will be deleted. 2 DIRECTORYEThe DIRECTORY command provides 7 different functions depending on thequalifiers used. Syntax: DIRECTORY/COMPRESS & Compresses one or more directories.% DIRECTORY/CREATE/ALLOCATE=n 4 Create an empty directory file 'n' blocks in size DIRECTORY/DUMP - Provides a block level dump of a directory DIRECTORY/ALIAS @ Searches all directories on the device for alias file entries DIRECTORY/EMPTY + Searches the disk for empty directories. DIRECTORY/VERSION=n 9 Searches all directories on the device for files which have at least n versions. 3The qualifiers /ALIAS, /EMPTY, and /VERSION can be combined in one command.2Other combinations of qualifiers are not possible. 3 Parameters file,(@file) ?The /COMPRESS and /DUMP qualifier require a directory- file name6as a parameter.You may also specify a logical name or Dan indirect command file as a parameter eg.: DIR/COMPRESS @DIR.COM .CThis enables you to generate a list with SEARCH device/OUTPUT=file 5and use that file as input to the DIRECTORY command. AThe list generated by DFU SEARCH will contain the device name in /the file specification. If you have a filelist Dfrom another source which does not contain the device name you must 5use /DEVICE as to append the device name to the file.deviceBThe /ALIAS, /EMPTY and /VERSION qualifier require a device name as a parameter. 3 Qualifiers/ALIAS 2 Scan all directories on a disk for alias files. /ALLOCATE=nA Used in combination with /CREATE. Generates an empty directory* with a preallocated size of 'n' blocks. /COMPRESS > Recreates and compresses the directory. Because directories? are alphabetically sorted files, deleting and entering files= randomly will create 'holes' in directory files. /COMPRESS; will remove these holes by rebuilding and truncating the directory./CREATE1 Create an empty directory. See also /ALLOCATE./DEVICE=device-nameA Append the device name to the directory-file name. Can only be used with /COMPRESS or /DUMP/DUMP 8 Produces a dump of the directory file block by block.6 This command may be usefull for debugging corrupted or suspected directories./EMPTY' Scan the disk for empty directories. /FILL_ FACTOR /FILL_FACTOR=percentage> This qualifier is only valid in combination with /COMPRESS.@ Default behaviour for DFU is to compress a directory as tight7 as possible; this is equivalent to /FILL_FACTOR=100.; By choosing a lower fill_factor DFU will leave some free> space in each directory block. /FILL_FACTOR may be between < 50 and 100 %. Caution : choosing a fill_factor lower than; 100% may fail if the directory file is not large enough.9 In that case DFU will signal an error and advise using a higher fill_factor./FORMAT=format_string> Used with /VERSION and /OUTPUT. Create an output file using= the format as described in formatstring. The format string> MUST contains the !AS directive; DFU fills in the resultant file there. Example :2 DFU> DIR/VERSION=3/OUT=P.COM/FORMAT="$purge !AS" /OUTPUT /OUTPUT=filenameB This qualifier redirects the output from DFU to an output file. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether CPU and I/O consumption of the command are shown./TEST  A This qualifier can be used only in conjunction with /COMPRESS.: When /TEST is specified DFU will show the results of a ? directory compression without actually performing a compress operation. /TRUNCATE /TRUNCATE(=n)> This qualifier is only valid in combination with /COMPRESS.; After compressing a directory DFU will NOT truncate the > empty blocks at the end of the directory , unless /TRUNCATEB is specified. A number 'n' may be specified to let DFU truncate; no further than 'n' blocks. ('n' will be rounded up to a; multiple of the disks cluster size.) Example: a 60 blockD directory A.DIR can be compressed to 20 blocks. The results are: 8 DIR/COMPRESS --> A.DIR size 20/60 blocks.: DIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE --> A.DIR size 20/20 blocks.: DIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE=40 --> A.DIR size 20/40 blocks./VERSION /VERSION=n> Scan all directories of a given device for files which have at least 'n' versions. 2 EXITLeave DFU (return to DCL)2 HELPDisplays this text2 New_Features_V2.44This version of DFU has the following new features :6 o Improved handling of UIC's. All valid numeric and4 alphanumeric UIC's and Identifiers can now be used.7 o The DFU_ALLPRIV identifier is no longer needed for" DIR/COMPRESS, DELETE/DIR and SET.: o /FORMAT allows output formatting with the output from. S EARCH and DIR/VERSION. This allows automatic) generation of action command procedures.7 o /APPEND allows appending the output to an existing output file.> o /KEEP : new qualifier for DELETE/DIR (/TREE). This allows8 preservation of the directory files ; only the contents will be deleted.; o /OVER_ALLOCATED : new qualifier for the SEARCH command< o REPORT: several qualifiers added to control the output.6 /USAGE can now also be used as /USAGE= to report, diskusage for a specific UIC or Identifier.C o UNDELETE : /MARKED allows recovery of files marked for delete.= o VERIFY : /DIRECTORY_SCAN verifies and optionally repairs4 directories. This command replaces DIRECTORY/CHECK.2 REPORTEThe report option generates a file and free space report of the disk.CAlso a graph table is made which gives you a quick view on the freespace distribution of the disk.Syntax :  REPORT /Qualifiers 3 Qualifiers/APPEND /APPEND=filename: Same as /OUTPUT, but the output will be appended to the7 file if it already exists. Thus output from multiple3 DFU commands can be put in the same output file.2 If the file does not exists it will be created./GRAPH /GRAPH /NOGRAPH (default)= This qualifier enables the graph output of the free space > distribution for the disk. The default behaviour is not to  display the graph output./OUTPUT /OUTPUT=filenameB This qualifier redirects the output from DFU to an output file. /NOBITMAP % Skip the bitmap statistics report./NOFILE$ Skip the file statistics report. /NOVOLUME Skip the volume info report. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether cpu and I/O consumption of the command are shown./USAGE(=uic or identifier): Generate a diskblock usage report. DFU will report per ? UIC/Identifier the blocks used/allocated, and the number of B file headers used. If d iskquota is enabled a third column will F be added to the report with the blocks used according to QUOTA.SYS.= If an UIC or Identifier is entered then only that UIC will be reported.- The diskquota used must satisfy the rule :5 QUOTA used = blocks allocated + # of file headers.2 Screen_Management<This version of DFU uses Screen Management (SMG) routines to8perform output. DFU will automatically select SMG unlessBthe terminal does not have SMG capabilities, if DFU is executed in4a batch job or if the logical DFU$NOSMG is defined. ?In any of these 3 cases DFU will switch to normal line orientedoutput. 3 Line_Mode1You can force DFU to line mode output by defining#the logical DFU$NOSMG to any value.3 Special_Keys:In SMG mode the following keys perform special functions :$ o CTRL/W : Redraws the screen% o DO : Spawns a subprocess+ o HELP or PF2 : Invokes the help facilityF o PF4 : Dumps the screen contents in the file DFU_SCREEN.TXT7 o PREV_SCREEN : Scrolls back trough the output window; o NEXT_SCREEN : Scrolls forward through the output window/ o SELECT : Toggle between 80/132 columns' o UP/DOWN : Recall command buffer2 SEARCHAThe SEARCH option lets you search for specific files on a device.Syntax :  SEARCH /Qualifiers 3 Qualifiers /ALLOCATED3 When using the /SIZE qualifier, the default size3 used for comparison is the actual file size. Use8 /ALLOCATED to force DFU to use the allocated filesize for comparison./APPEND /APPEND=filename: Same as /OUTPUT, but the output will be appended to the7 file if it already exists. Thus output from multiple3 DFU commands can be put in the same output file.2 If the file does not exists it will be created./BACKUP /BACKUP=keyword(=value)8 This qualifier is used in combination with 3 possible9 keywords : BEFORE=date, SINCE=date or NONE. The backup6 date is used in for s>!electing files. You can either8 use SINCE and BEFORE or NONE , but not both. The NONE9 keyword gives you files which don't have a backup date recorded. Examples : o /BACKUP=BEFORE=date- o /BACKUP=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate) o /BACKUP=NONE/BAKFID /BAKFID=backlink-file-id5 You can use this qualifier to look for a file with; a specific backlink. Only the first part of the file id = must be specified, that is , if the File id is (x,y,z) you% mus"t specifiy 'x' as the file-id. E You can use this qualifier to get files from a specific directory.> If you use /BAKFID=0 you will get files not belonging to a % directory (often temporary files)./CHARACTERISTICS( /CHARACTERISTICS=(characteristic,...)2 This qualifier is used to select files by their8 characteristics. The possible characteristics you can specify are :3 o BADACL : files marked with a bad ACL list/ o BADBLOCK : files marked with Bad Blocks #3 o BESTTRY : files marked contiguous-best-try- o CONTIGUOUS : files which are contiguous3 o DIRECTORY : files marked as a directory file- o ERASE : erase file before deletion6 o LOCKED : files with the deacces lock bit set, o MARKED : files marked for deletion+ o NOBACKUP : files marked as NoBackup+ o NOCHARGE : files marked as NOCHARGE: o NOMOVE : files marked as NOMOVE (VMS 5.5+ only!) o SPOOL : spool files0 o SCRATCH $ : files marked as scratch files- o NOSHELVABLE: files marked a noshelvable* o ISSHELVED : files which are shelved > Default DFU will use a logical AND to select files, that is= if you issue several characteristics DFU will only display> files which have all these characteristics set. To overrule/ this , you can use the MATCH=OR keyword, eg: 5 SEARCH device/CHAR=(DIRECTORY,NOBACKUP,MATCH=OR)/CREATED /CREATED=keyword=value8 This qualifier is used %in combination with 2 possible5 keywords : BEFORE=date or SINCE=date. The creation7 date is used in for selecting files. You can combine BEFORE and SINCE. Examples : o /CREATED=BEFORE=date. o /CREATED=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate)/EXCLUDE /EXCLUDE=filename3 Use this qualifier to exclude filenames from the6 selction. Eg.: /EXCLUDE=*.SYS will force DFU to not# select filenames matching *.SYS./EXPIRED /EXPIRED=keyword(=value)8 This qualifier is& used in combination with 3 possible0 keywords BEFORE=date, SINCE=date or NONE. The6 expiration date is used in for selecting files. You4 can either use SINCE and BEFORE or NONE , but not5 both. The NONE keyword gives you files which don't. have a expiration date recorded. Examples : o /EXPIRED=BEFORE=date. o /EXPIRED=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate) o /EXPIRED=NONE/FID /FID=file-id4 You can use this qualifier to look for a specific3 file. Only the firs't part of the file id must be5 specified, that is , if the File id is (x,y,z) you4 must specifiy 'x' as the file-id. If you use this9 qualifier, DFU does not scan INDEXF.SYS but just looks5 up the specific file header. Therefore, you cannot6 combine this qualifier with other search qualifiers such as /SIZE or /FILE./FILE /FILE=filename. DFU selects only file names which match the7 'filename'. You can use wildcards eg: /FILE=*.SYS or> /FILE=LOGIN.*. If you d(on't supply a version DFU adds ';*'  to the filename./FORMAT=format_string1 Used with /OUTPUT. Create an output file using= the format as described in formatstring. The format string> MUST contains the !AS directive; DFU fills in the resultant file there. Example :5 DFU> SEARCH/FILE=*.TMP/FORMAT="$delete/confirm !AS" /FRAGMENT /FRAGMENT [=option]6 Shows the numbers of headers/fragments of the file. Available options: o /FRAGMENT 2 Don't) select files, but show fragmentation info! o /FRAGMENT=MINUMUM=fragments 8 DFU selects files with at least 'fragments' fragments! o /FRAGMENT=MAXIMUM=fragments 7 DFU selects files with at most 'fragments' fragments& You can combine both options , eg.:7 /FRAGMENT=(MIN=4,MAX=10) will select all files with between 4 and 10 fragments./FULL3 Gives you a full output for each found file. The8 output contains directory, filename, File ID, Virtual3* Block Number within INDEXF.SYS, filesize, owner,6 creation date, revision date. Note that default you4 get a short output. You cannot use both /FULL and /SUMMARY together./HOME9 Displays information about the home block of the disk.7 DFU uses the home block to calculate the actual used' and free file headers in INDEXF.SYS./IDENT /IDENT=identifier /NOIDENT=identifier6 DFU Selects files owned by this identifier. Another9 way is to use the /OWNER=uic qu+alifier; you cannot useA both qualifiers in the same DFU command. Using /NOIDENT causes< DFU to search for all files NOT owned by this identifier./LBN /LBN=logical-block-number6 The /LBN option is a special qualifier which allows7 you to find a file which contains a specific logical3 block number. Note that this qualifier cannot be: combined with other search qualifiers (such as /FILE=). /MODIFIED /MODIFIED=keyword=value8 This qualifier is used in combinati,on with 2 possible5 keywords : BEFORE=date or SINCE=date. The revision7 date is used in for selecting files. You can combine BEFORE and SINCE. Examples :  o /MODIFIED=BEFORE=date/ o /MODIFIED=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate) /MULTIPLE5 This qualifier displays files which have extension3 headers. This gives you some idea about possible fragmentation of your disk. /NOSEARCH= Do not search the volume. This qualifier can only be used = with /HOME. It -is used to display only the home block info of the device. /NOVOLSET7 The /NOVOLSET qualifier overrides default Volume set4 processing by DFU. This is usefull eg. if you are* doing a /LBN search on a specific disk./OUTPUT /OUTPUT=filename5 This qualifier redirects the output from DFU about7 all found files to an output file. You must use this$ qualifier if you are using /SORT./OVER_ALLOCATED=n< Select files for which the difference between blocks us.ed8 and allocated is greater than or equal to 'n' blocks./OWNER /OWNER=uic /NOOWNER=uic5 Selects all files owned by the specified uic. This7 qualifier cannot be used in combination with /IDENT.< The uic must be specified in a standard [grp,mem] format.4 Using /NOOWNER causes DFU to search for all files NOT owned by this uic./PLACED Cheks for placed files./SIZE /SIZE=option 9 You must supply at least one of the following options: / o /SIZE=MINUMUM=blocksize 6 DFU selects files at least blocksize blocks in size o /SIZE=MAXIMUM=blocksize 6 DFU selects files at most blocksize blocks in size.& You can combine both options , eg.:4 /SIZE=(MIN=1000,MAX=10000) will select all files) between 1000 and 10000 blocks in size./SORT5 This qualifier will sort the results of DFU to the8 output file specified in /OUTPUT. If you omit /OUTPUT3 SYS$OUTPUT will be used. You cannot use /FULL or0& /SUMMARY in combination with /SORT. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether cpu and I/O consumption of the command are shown./SUMMARY3 Gives you a summary of the total number of files4 found, and the number of blocks occupied by these6 files. You cannot use this qualifier in combination/VERSION_NUMBER /VERSION_NUMBER=option 9 You must supply at least one of the following options: * o /VERSION_NUMBER=MINUMU1M=file_version ; DFU selects files whose version number in the file name  is at least 'file_version'.* o /VERSION_NUMBER=MAXIMUM=file_version ; DFU selects files whose version number in the file name  is at most 'file_version'.& You can combine both options , eg.:7 /VERSION=(MIN=1000,MAX=10000) will select all files: with a version_number between 1000 and 10000 inclusive.2 SETDModifies the characteristics of one or more files. It handles-all 2attributes which 'SET FILE' can't handle. Format: SET file-spec[,...],@file 3 Parameters file-spec[,...],@fileF Specifies one or more files to be modified. If you specify two or? more files, separate them with commas. A filelist may be used: by specifying @file. Thus, an output file generated by a: DFU SEARCH command can be used to be processed with SET.= Wildcard characters are allowed in the file specifications. 3 Qualifiers /BACKUP_DATE /BACKUP_D3ATE=date /NOBACKUP_DATEF Controls whether a new backup date is assigned to the specifiedF files. Specify the date according to the rules described in ChapterF 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords areF allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. UseE of this qualifier requires ownership of the file or access control./BADACL /BADACL /NOBADACLF Sets or resets the 'BAD ACL' flag in the file header. This enables* dele4tion of a file with a corrupted ACL. /BUCKETSIZE /BUCKETSIZE=size: Sets a new value for the bucket size in the file header./CONFIRM /CONFIRM /NOCONFIRM (default)B Controls whether a request is issued before each individual SETF operation to confirm that the operation should be performed on that file.F When the system issues the prompt, you can issue any of the following responses: YES NO QUIT TRUE FALSE 5 1 0 ALL F You can use any combination of upper- and lowercase letters for wordF responses. Word responses can be abbreviated to one or more lettersF (for example, T, TR, or TRU for TRUE). Affirmative answers are YES,F TRUE, and 1. Negative answers are NO, FALSE, 0, and . QUIT orF indicates that you want to stop processing the command atF that point. When you respond with ALL, the command continues toF process, but n6o further prompts are given. If you type a responseC other than one of those in the list, the prompt will be reissued./CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRYB Sets or resets the 'CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY' bit in the file header./CREATION_DATE /CREATION_DATE=date /NOCREATION_DATEF Controls whether a new creation date is assigned to the specifiedF files. Specify the date according to the rules described in ChapterF 1 of the VMS DCL Conce 7pts Manual. Absolute date keywords areF allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. UseE of this qualifier requires ownership of the file or access control. /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORY /NODIRECTORYF Sets or resets the directory attribute of a file. This qualifierF allows you to set the directory bit of a file which was mistakinglyF reset by the 'SET FILE/NODIRECTORY' command. If it is done on a non-F directory file, then access to that direct8ory will give a 'BADIRECTORY' error./EBLOCK /EBLOCK[=block]F This qualifier will reset the end-of-file mark to the highest blockF allocated if no block has been specified. Otherwise the end-of-file* mark will be set to the specified block./EBYTE /EBYTE[=byte]D This qualifier will set the end-of-file byte mark to the highestD byte if it has not been specified. Otherwise the end-of-file byte) mark will be set to the specified byte./EXPIRATION_DATE /EX9PIRATION_DATE=date /NOEXPIRATION_DATEF Controls whether an expiration date is assigned to the specifiedF files. Specify the date according to the rules described in ChapterF 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords areF allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. UseE of this qualifier requires ownership of the file or access control./IDENT /IDENT=identifier or uic@ Modifies the file-owner. This command can also be used on :open= files (such as INDEXF.SYS). /IDENT cannot be combined with /OWNER_UIC/LOCKED /LOCKED /NOLOCKEDF This qualifier will lock a file for future use. Nothing else canF then be done with the file, until it is unlocked (which can also be% done with the VMS 'UNLOCK' command./LOG /LOG (default) /NOLOG B Controls whether the SET command displays the file specification. of each file after the modification is made./MAXREC /MAXREC=recordD Sets a n;ew value for the maximum record number in the file header. /ORGANIZATION /ORGANIZATION=keywordF The following keywords are used as parameters for the ORGANIZATION6 qualifier: DIRECT, INDEXED, RELATIVE and SEQUENTIAL.F This will allow you to modify the file organization type in the fileF header. Of course this won't change the real organization of the file. /OWNER_UIC /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier@ Modifies the file-owner. This command can also be used on open<< files (such as INDEXF.SYS). /OWNER_UIC can not be combined with /IDENT./RECATTRIBUTES /RECATTRIBUTES=keywordF The following keywords are used as parameters for theD RECATTRIBUTES qualifier: NONE, FORTRAN, IMPLIED, PRINT and NOSPAN.F This will allow you to modify the file's record attributes in the file header.F NONE, FORTRAN, IMPLIED and PRINT are mutually exclusive, but can be" used in combination with NOSPAN.F When NOSPAN is omitted SPAN is =assumed (the default is to allow% records to cross block boundaries)./RECSIZE /RECSIZE=size: Sets a new value for the record size in the file header./RECTYPE /RECTYPE=keywordF The following keywords are used as parameters for the RECTYPEF qualifier: FIXED, STREAM, STREAMCR, STREAMLF, UNDEFINED, VARIABLE and VFC.F This will allow you to modify the file's record type in the file header./REVISION_DATE /REVISION_DATE=date /NOREVISION_DATE>F Controls whether a revision date is assigned to the specified files.F Specify the date according to the rules described in Chapter 1 ofF the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed.F If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. Use of this= qualifier requires ownership of the file or access control./RVCOUNT /RVCOUNT=count= Sets a new value for the revision count in the file header./UPDATE /UPDATE /NOUPDATE (default)F No?rmally the file's revision date will be updated after anyB modification to it. SET however disables this update (otherwiseF the REVISION date could not be set). Specify this qualifier if you' want the revision date to be updated./VFCSIZE /VFCSIZE=sizeF Sets a new value for the VFC size in the file header. This value- will only be used with the VFC record type.2 SPAWN=Spawns a subprocess. In SMG mode the key also performs aSPAWN command. 2 UNDELETE @DThe Undelete command recovers deleted files. It is done as safely asEpossible. If undelete discovers that the file header or blocks of the>deleted file have been reused, the undelete process will stop.IThe /FILE, /IDENTIFIER or /OWNER qualifier can be used to select specificHfiles. The /LIST qualifier can be used to generate a list of recoverable(files without actually undeleting files.EIf a matching filename is found undelete will ask for a confirmation Abefore undeleting the file. MultAiple files can be undeleted with Djust one UNDELETE command. After a succesful undelete the file will :be entered in the original directory if possible or in the[SYSLOST] directory.ANOTE: The volume (set) will be locked for other users during the 5undelete command unless the /LIST qualifier is used. Syntax:  UNDELETE /Qualifiers 3 Qualifiers/IDENT=identifier? Select file by identifier. This qualifier cannot be used in  conjunction with /OWNER./FILE=BI Select file by filename. Wildcards may be used in the filename. If theA /FILE qualifier is omitted DFU will use *.*;* as the filename./LIST(=output_file)D Generate a list of recoverable files. This command will not lock . the volume, and will not undelete any file./MARKED( Select only files marked for delete. /OWNER=J Select file by owner uic. This qualifier cannot be used in conjunction  with /IDENT. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /CNOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether cpu and I/O consumption of the command are shown.2 UsageAYou can start DFU with the DCL command : $Run DFU, or by defining1a symbol for DFU to use DFU as a foreign command: $ DFU == "$disk:[dir]DFU"AIf you enter DFU without commands , DFU enters at the DFU> prompt<and awaits your command(s). Leave DFU with EXIT (or CTRL/Z).DIf you enter DFU with command line parameters, DFU will just process'this single command and return to DCL. D2 VERIFYAThe Verify option provides a function equivalent to ANALYZE/DISK,Gbut many times faster. Verify will report files with invalid backlinks,Ilost files, and blocks which are allocated by more than 1 file. Also the BBITMAP and QUOTA files are checked. The /FIX qualifier allows someEbasic repair actions without locking the disk. The /REBUILD qualifier?will rebuild INDEXF.SYS, BITMAP.SYS and QUOTA.SYS if necessary.ANote that /REBUILD will lock teh disk for a short period of time.ESyntax :5 VERIFY (/OUTPUT=/LOCK/FIX/REBUILD) 3 Qualifiers/APPEND /APPEND=filename: Same as /OUTPUT, but the output will be appended to the7 file if it already exists. Thus output from multiple3 DFU commands can be put in the same output file.2 If the file does not exists it will be created./DIRECTORY_SCAN? This optional qualifier directs DFU to make a full directory; scan. This allows better detection of some cases of lost: files, and Fdetection of some directory corruptions. Use /FIX to repair such errors.: Warning: using /DIRECTORY_SCAN can take several minutes/FIX /FIX /NOFIX (default)/ This qualifier repairs the following errors: $ o Deletes files marked for delete2 o Moves lost files and directories to [SYSLOST]- The /FIX qualifier does not lock the disk!/LOCK /LOCK /NOLOCK (default)H Locks the volume for allocation. To get a consistent view of the diskG you musGt stall all allocation changes of the disk. Otherwise VERIFY I may report errors which are caused by concurrent disk activity during H execution of the VERIFY command. Trade off is that the disk is locked* for the duration of the VERIFY command./OUTPUT. Redirects the output from verify to a file./REBUILD /REBUILD /NOREBUILD (default)= This qualifier repairs structure errors and mismatches in ; INDEXF.SYS, BITMAP.SYS and QUOTA.SYS. Note that /REBUILD4 will temporarily lock the device for other users. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether cpu and I/O consumption of the command are shown.ww