tPCSI$IOpenVMS Alpha POLYCENTER Software Installation Utility Version: V7.1-100a DECAXPVMSDFUV"product DEC AXPVMS DFU V2.6 full ;2 software DEC AXPVMS VMS version minimum V6.2 ;v file [SYSEXE]DFU.EXE assemble execute "@pcsi$source:[sysexe]alp_dfulnk.com" assemble uses ([SYSEXE]ALP_DFULNK.COM,1 [SYSEXE]DFU_ALP.OBJ,[SYSEXE]ALP_DFULIB.OLB) ;% file [SYSHLP]DFUHLP.HLB size 77 ;. file [SYS$STARTUP]DFU$STARTUP.COM size 1 ; option TXT_RELNOTES ;$ file [SYSHLP]DFU026.LINE size 369 ; end option ; option PS_RELNOTES ;" file [SYSHLP]DFU026.PS size 552 ; end option ; option BOOK_RELNOTES ;) file [SYSHLP]DFU026.DECW$BOOK size 303 ;, file [SYSHLP]DFU026.DECW$BOOKSHELF size 1 ; end option ; option HTML_RELNOTES ;# file [SYSHLP]DFU026.HTML size 63 ;' file [SYSHLP]DFU026_001.HTML size 64 ;' file [SYSHLP]DFU026_002.HTML size 80 ;& file [SYSHLP]DFU026_003.HTML size 1 ;, file [SYSHLP]DFU026_CONTENTS.HTML size 14 ; end option ; end product ;00 'PRODUCT'1#Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS0BOOK_RELNOTES'1"Documentation in BookReader format0TXT_RELNOTES'1Documentation in Text format0HTML_RELNOTES'1Documentation in HTML format0 PS_RELNOTES'1"Documentation in PostScript format0[SYSEXE]ALP_DFULNK.COM";m"m;$ link/nodebu/notrac/exe=pcsi$destination:[sysexe]dfu.exe -2pcsi$source:[sysexe]dfu_alp.obj,alp_dfulib.olb/lib0$ if f$id("dfu_allpriv","name_to_number") .eq. 0$ then$$! Create the dfu_allpriv identifier$ set def sys$system"$ mc authorize add/id dfu_allpriv$ endif$ exit 0[SYSEXE]DFU_ALP.OBJpnp#bۜ$ bۜnn>GGDFU DFU ALP V2.615-OCT-1998 15:49DEC C V5.6-003  $ABS$i)$CODE$ $LITERAL$ $LINK$$DATA$($BSS$ $READONLY_ADDR$ $READONLY$HEADERBITMAPBHOMEIOSTAT8RVTRVT_T CLEAN_FLAGS CTX MATDEVICE MATANALYZEMATSTAT MATDEFRAG MATMEMBERMATFULL MATEXTENDMATTRUNCMATPAGEMATMULTDISPFULLMATSUMM MATPLACED MATNOVOLSET MATNOSEARCHMATHOMEMATALLOCMATLBN  MAT_R_MINSIZE  MAT_R_MAXSIZE  MAT_A_MINSIZE  MAT_A_MAXSIZE MATOUTPUTMATNAMEMATEXCL  MATNONEBACKUP MATNONEEXPIRED  MATBEFCREATED  MATSINCREATED MATBEFMODIFIED MATSINMODIFIED  MATBEFBACKUP  MATSINBACKUP  MATBEFEXPIRED  MATSINEXPIRED  MATNONEACCESS  MATBEFACCESS  MATSINACCESS MATNONEATTR MATBEFATTR MATSINATTRMATSORTMATDIR MATBAKFIDMATFIDMATCHARSMATORMATMARKMATUIC MATFRAGMENT MATVERSION MATFORMATMATOVER MATAPPENDMATACEMATODS2MATODS5MATLISTMATREBMATNOLOG MATNOBITMAPMATNOVOL MATNOINDEXMATUSAGEMATGRAPH MATUNMARK  MATNOCONFIRMMATFIXMATLOCK MATMAXSIZEMATCHECKMATALIASMATEMPTY MATREPAIRMATLIMITMATTEST MATTRUNCATEMATDUMPMATTREEMATKEEPTRIGGER SMG$ENABLETRACE_ON  PROGRESS_IND LOCK_CHAN  SOR$GK_RECORD  SOR$M_STABLECTRLCTCHANDISP_IDDISP1_IDDISP2_IDPAGE_ID STATUS_IDPASTE_IDHELP_IDKEYB_IDLBNSTARTLBNCOUNTCLUSTERVOLCOUNTMAXVOLVOLNUMORIG_RVNCURVOLROWSCOLLSHIGHBITIOSIZEVBNHEADERSEFN EXH_STATUS TRACE_LINETRCFP VMSVERSIONOUTBUF LINE_COUNTP TRACE_FILENAME DECC$FCLOSEDECC$GXFPRINTF DECC$GXPRINTFDECC$GXSPRINTF DECC$FOPENLIB$GET_FOREIGN LIB$GET_INPUTLIB$PUT_OUTPUT LIB$SIGNAL LIB$SPAWN SYS$ASSIGN SYS$GETJPIW SYS$GETMSG SYS$GETSYIW SYS$IDTOASC SYS$PUTMSGSYS$QIOW TRACE_INFO TRACE_FPRINTF DFU_TABLES(J ASTRTN(JP REFRESH0J0$ CLI_HANDLER0Jh$ FATAL_HANDP P 0Jp% BRDCST_AST0J" SINGLEMSG0J@  PUT_STATUS0J RESET_CTRL0J0 CLEAN_CTRLC0J@ PREV_SCREEN0J@ NEXT_SCREEN0J DUMP_SCREEN0J TOGGLE_WIDTH8J` 'DFU$CREATE_KEY_TABLE(JMAIN SMG$CREATE_PASTEBOARD DECC$GETENV SMG$DELETE_PASTEBOARD(SMG$CREATE_VIRTUAL_KEYBOARD SMG$ERASE_PASTEBOARD(SMG$CREATE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY SMG$CREATE_VIEWPORT(SMG$SET_BROADCAST_TRAPPING SMG$LABEL_BORDER(SMG$PASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY SMG$SET_CURSOR_ABS(SMG$BEGIN_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE DFU_PRINTF(SMG$END_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE8JDFU_CHECK_ACCESS SMG$READ_COMPOSED_LINE0J EXIT_COMMAND DECC$TOUPPER DECC$STRNCMP0J@ SPAWN_COMMAND SMG$ERASE_DISPLAY SMG$CHANGE_VIEWPORT DECC$$SHELL_HANDLER CLI$DCL_PARSE CLI$DISPATCH SMG$SET_CURSOR_MODE DECC$EXITSMG$ERASE_LINE0JP p HELP_COMMAND CLI$PRESENT CLI$GET_VALUE STR$CONCAT SMG$PUT_HELP_TEXT(SMG$UNPASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY(SMG$DELETE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAYLBR$OUTPUT_HELP(SMG$DISABLE_BROADCAST_TRAPPING(SMG$SAVE_PHYSICAL_SCREEN(SMG$RESTORE_PHYSICAL_SCREEN SMG$GET_VIEWPORT_CHAR SMG$RING_BELL SMG$SCROLL_VIEWPORT0J P DUMP_ACTN SMG$PUT_PASTEBOARD(SMG$CHANGE_PBD_CHARACTERISTICS(SMG$CHANGE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY DECC$MALLOC DECC$MEMSET DECC$FREE SMG$CANCEL_INPUT SMG$REPAINT_SCREEN SMG$PUT_CHARS_MULTI DECC$STRLEN SMG$PUT_CHARS DECC$STRCPY(J@#ACTRTN(SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGE SMG$PUT_LINE SMG$CREATE_KEY_TABLESMG$ADD_KEY_DEF(J__MAIN DECC$MAIN DECC$EXIT DECC$$SHELL_HANDLER OTS$INSV_VOL =# #~4G8^@^HcGCC0[C#G8{>޶@Zkb#@`BhbG4G@ZkcG8]@]HP#kGGG#TG~?$! ^&^"~rC3lCG޴>^~޵cG#GHtC8=<$@ &($[{ " R"[Cc 0$}C,]C4=GD}Gx{@Zk"x=b`¤`BG4G)!C=CCCC$GGhb@ZkPBXb0R@4G@ZkCC ,!A HP@ 䳡@ C"ABbTG@Zk BBbGCGGGG@Zk(Bb!Q @(C#4G@Zk b#C @Ӏb0B8b#A$ACCGGG@Zk? 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SYS$GETJPIW4:,b# SYS$GETJPIW49P@T SYS$GETJPIW4?G SYS$IDTOASC4@b# SYS$IDTOASC4?@ SYS$IDTOASC4CG DECC$STRNCMP4Db# DECC$STRNCMP4C@ DECC$STRNCMP4AG  DECC$FREE4Bb# DECC$FREE4A@  DECC$FREE43@G` TRACE_INFO44Db# TRACE_INFO43\@` TRACE_INFO43tG TRACE_INFO44xb# TRACE_INFO43@ TRACE_INFO41G TRACE_FPRINTF42b# TRACE_FPRINTF41@ TRACE_FPRINTF4DGTSYS$QIOW4Hb#SYS$QIOW4P@TSYS$QIOW4xGSYS$QIOW 4b#SYS$QIOW4@SYS$QIOW< GSMG$CANCEL_INPUT< b# SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< @SMG$CANCEL_INPUT430GP TRACE_INFO444b# TRACE_INFO43L@P TRACE_INFO41TGh TRACE_FPRINTF42Xb# TRACE_FPRINTF41d@h TRACE_FPRINTF4G SYS$QIOW4b#0SYS$QIOW4@ SYS$QIOW4GSYS$QIOW4b#0SYS$QIOW4@SYS$QIOW< G SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< b#P SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< @ SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< G SMG$REPAINT_SCREEN< b#P SMG$REPAINT_SCREEN< @ SMG$REPAINT_SCREEN4u G DECC$GXSPRINTF4v b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4u @ DECC$GXSPRINTF4; G! DECC$MEMSET4< b# DECC$MEMSET4; @! DECC$MEMSET4u!G"DECC$GXSPRINTF4v!b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4u"@"DECC$GXSPRINTF<y "G@"SMG$PUT_CHARS_MULTI<z"b#SMG$PUT_CHARS_MULTI<y<"@@"SMG$PUT_CHARS_MULTI4w@"GT" DECC$STRLEN4xD"b# DECC$STRLEN4wP"@T" DECC$STRLEN4}\"G" SMG$PUT_CHARS4~d"b# SMG$PUT_CHARS4}"@" SMG$PUT_CHARS4{"G" DECC$STRCPY4|"b# DECC$STRCPY4{"@" DECC$STRCPY4#G(# SYS$GETMSG4 #b# SYS$GETMSG4$#@(# SYS$GETMSG40#G\# DFU_PRINTF44#b# DFU_PRINTF4X#@\# DFU_PRINTF4p#G# SYS$GETMSG4#b# SYS$GETMSG4#@# SYS$GETMSG4#G# DFU_PRINTF4#b# DFU_PRINTF4#@# DFU_PRINTF4$G$ DFU_PRINTF4${#@ DFU_PRINTF4$@$ DFU_PRINTF4q@$Gh$ SYS$PUTMSG4r`${# SYS$PUTMSG4qd$@h$ SYS$PUTMSG4q$G$ SYS$PUTMSG4r$b#h SYS$PUTMSG4q$@$ SYS$PUTMSG43$G$ TRACE_INFO44$b#h TRACE_INFO43$@$ TRACE_INFO41%G % TRACE_FPRINTF42 %b#h TRACE_FPRINTF41%@ % TRACE_FPRINTF4s %G4% LIB$SIGNAL4t$%b#h LIB$SIGNAL4s0%@4% LIB$SIGNAL454%GH% DECC$EXIT468%b#h DECC$EXIT 45D%@H% DECC$EXIT< %G%SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< %b#SMG$CANCEL_INPUT< %@%SMG$CANCEL_INPUT<%G&SMG$SET_CURSOR_ABS<%b#SMG$SET_CURSOR_ABS<&@&SMG$SET_CURSOR_ABSD&G(&SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED &b#SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED$&@(&SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED (&G@&SMG$BEGIN_PASTEBOARD_UPDATED,&b#SMG$BEGIN_PASTEBOARD_UPDATED <&@@&SMG$BEGIN_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE4X&G& SMG$PUT_LINE4\&b# SMG$PUT_LINE4&@& SMG$PUT_LINED&G&SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED&b#SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED&@&SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGED &G&SMG$END_PASTEBOARD_UPDATED &b#SMG$END_PASTEBOARD_UPDATED &@&SMG$END_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE<E'G'SMG$CREATE_KEY_TABLE<F'b#`SMG$CREATE_KEY_TABLE<E'@'SMG$CREATE_KEY_TABLE4G'G$(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4H(b#`SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G (@$(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G$(GP(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4H,(b#`SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4GL(@P(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4GP(G|(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4HX(b#`SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4Gx(@|(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G|(G(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4H(b#`SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G(@(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G(G(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4H(b#`SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G(@(SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G(G)SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4H(b#`SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G(@)SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G)G()SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4H)b#`SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G$)@()SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G()GT)SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4H0)b#`SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4GP)@T)SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4GT)G)SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4H\)b#`SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF4G|)@)SMG$ADD_KEY_DEF =H;%%DFU-I-DUMPDONE, Screen contents saved in DFU_SCREEN.TXT@=@1%%DFU-E-DUMPERR, Error dumping screen contents,x=H:%%DFU-I-SPAWN, Creating subprocess... DFU Tracing ends=8/SPEC_USER:[DORLAND.SOURCES.CC.DFUSRC]DFU.C;60= Privileges Disabled= Privileges Enabled=(DFU command entered : %.*s8= DFU$DISABLE_CHECKP= DFU Trace startedh=@3 VERIFY : Check and repair disk structure=8) UNDELETE : Recover deleted files=8* SET : Modify file attributes=0$ SEARCH : Fast file search(=@3 REPORT : Generate a complete disk report`=8* DIRECTORY : Manipulate directories=PE DELETE : Delete files by File-ID; delete directory (trees)"=0$ DEFRAGMENT : Defragment files=( DFU functions are :  =@6 Copyright 1998 DIGITAL Equipment Corporation X=  Freeware versionp=@4 Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.6=(< DFU V2.6 (Freeware) >=8)Exception handler called with code 0x%x=PE Progress : | %3d%% | @=8* Status : Current command ABORTING...p=8.%%DFU-E-HELPERR, Error opening help library,=< DFU Help Screen > =0 ;=0$ z;0(SMG$CHANGE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAYj;@;n;`(SMG$CHANGE_PBD_CHARACTERISTICSk; SMG$CHANGE_VIEWPORTm;=0#p%;=P0| @;(SMG$GET_BROADCAST_MESSAGE SMG$CANCEL_INPUTp;( SMG$END_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE( SMG$BEGIN_PASTEBOARD_UPDATE SMG$PUT_LINE SMG$SET_CURSOR_ABS=0 ;=@( h;`SYS$QIOWP ;a;=0 ;=0   ;g;=0 ";=0( ; SYS$GETMSG DFU_PRINTF==0 @;=@ 0 SMG$SCROLL_VIEWPORT SMG$GET_VIEWPORT_CHARy;` SMG$RING_BELL=DFU_SCRE DECC$FCLOSE ;=w= rat=crrfm=var=0 ;=@( ;= ctx=rec= EN.TXTmrs=132 !SMG$PUT_PASTEBOARD= rop=WBH0# DECC$FOPEN=0";=0( % DECC$GXPRINTF' LIB$SPAWN()SMG$DISABLE_BROADCAST_TRAPPING= DFU_sub$ (+SMG$SAVE_PHYSICAL_SCREEN;(-SMG$SET_BROADCAST_TRAPPING(/SMG$RESTORE_PHYSICAL_SCREEN=[?3h=[?3l=0 @;=@ =0";=  1 TRACE_FPRINTF3 TRACE_INFOb;`5 DECC$EXIT 7SMG$DELETE_PASTEBOARD;=0X";=D 9 SYS$GETJPIW; DECC$MEMSET= DECC$MALLOC? SYS$IDTOASCA DECC$FREEC DECC$STRNCMP= DFU_ALLPRIV = INSERT_HERE0 ESMG$CREATE_KEY_TABLE=PF2H=PF4P= PREV_SCREEN`=0X  ';=X GSMG$ADD_KEY_DEF= NEXT_SCREEN=DO=HELP=SELECTREMOVEI DECC$TOUPPERK SYS$GETSYIW= mrs=512; MSMG$SET_CURSOR_MODEh;7 LIB$GET_INPUT OSMG$CREATE_PASTEBOARD= DFU$NOSMG@ QSMG$ERASE_PASTEBOARD= DFU$TRACE`= Statisticsp SSMG$ERASE_DISPLAYl;(USMG$PASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY; WSMG$READ_COMPOSED_LINE=0";= t 7DECC$$SHELL_HANDLER=(YSMG$CREATE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY8 OTS$INSV_VOL] DECC$GETENV;0 _SMG$LABEL_BORDER$ $ aSMG$CREATE_VIEWPORT= SYS$COMMAND`=DFU> p(cSMG$CREATE_VIRTUAL_KEYBOARD eLIB$GET_FOREIGNg CLI$DCL_PARSE7 DFU_TABLESiSMG$ERASE_LINEk CLI$DISPATCH;= DFU.TRACE=SPAWNm SYS$ASSIGN=08";=P( 7DECC$$SHELL_HANDLER=o DECC$MAIN=0"#;=  %.*sh=0#$;=00 @;q SYS$PUTMSGs LIB$SIGNAL=0#0$;= $ =0 @ ;=P4< uDECC$GXSPRINTFw DECC$STRLEN ySMG$PUT_CHARS_MULTI{ DECC$STRCPY=@ } SMG$PUT_CHARS=0";= $ SMG$REPAINT_SCREEN=0";=0! , Command Aborted =0"P;=  DECC$GXFPRINTF=%.*s   SMG$PUT_HELP_TEXT(SMG$UNPASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY(SMG$DELETE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY=dfuhlpDFU @  CLI$PRESENT=0@"p;=p0 o;  CLI$GET_VALUE= helpkey  STR$CONCAT7LIB$PUT_OUTPUT  LBR$OUTPUT_HELP, ,==== =(=0=8=@=H=P=X=`=h=p=x===================== =(=0=8=@=PH=P=X=`=h=p=x==== 0 0= H0[SYSEXE]ALP_DFULIB.OLBuˆۜaۜ" >% Librarian A09-22.ۜe2ۜ!( X !DFUMSG# DFU_BITMAPj DFU_FILEDIR~ DFU_IFSCAN DFU_ODS2IOhl DFU_TABLES*DFU_UTIL> PARSE_UIC*ADD_ITEM# ADD_QUOTA# ADD_USAGE~BUILD_DIR_TABLE~ CHECK_ACE#CHECK_ADJACENT# CHECK_USAGECLEANUP#COMPARE_BITMAPj COMPARE_UPPERj COMPRESS_DIR~COPY_FIDj CREATE_DIRjDEFRAG_COMMANDjDELETE_COMMANDjDELETE_DIRECTORY DELETE_FILEDEV_SCAN! DFU$_FACILITY! DFU_ASSIGN! DFU_EXHFAIL! DFU_EXPREG DFU_HANDLER! DFU_INDEXERR! DFU_IOERR* DFU_NEWPAGE! DFU_NOPRIVSET_BITMAP`* DFU_PRINTFhl DFU_TABLESjDIRECTORY_COMMAND~DISASS_MAP_PTR* DISPLAY_STAT*DO_ABORT* ENCRYPT_NAMEENTER_BACKLINK ENTER_FILE~ FID_TO_NAME FLUSH_CACHEFOLLOW_EXTENTS#GET_HOLE~GET_MAP_POINTERS~GET_NAMEGET_NEXT_HEADER*LAST_DOT~ MAKE_LIST~ MAKE_SYSLOSTMOVEDIR_TO_LBNjMOVEFILE MOVE_TO_LBN* NAME_TO_DID# NEW_BITMAP OPEN_DEVICEjOPEN_DIRj PARSE_TREEER[ DFU_NOPRIV MAKE_SYSLOST PARSE_TREE SCAN_BITMAP VERIFY_HEADERjSCAN_DIRECTORIES~SEARCH_COMMAND# SET_BITMAPj SET_COMMAND*STRINDEX* TRACE_FPRINTF* TRACE_INFO>UIC_KEY> UIC_STATE~ UNDEL_COMMAND~VERIFY_COMMAND~ VERIFY_HEADER> PARSE_UIC READ_BITMAPREAD_INDEXF_BITMAPREAD_INDEXF_MULTI#REBUILD_BITMAPj RECOVER_DIR~ REFILL_DIR REMOVE_FILE~REPORT_COMMAND~REPORT_LOST_FILES# REPORT_USAGE RESET_COMMON# SCAN_BITMAPMOVEDIR_TO_LBNjMOVEFILE MOVE_TO_LBN* NAME_TO_DID# NEW_BITMAP OPEN_DEVICEjOPEN_DIR* PARSE_ITEMj PARSE_TREE  >"1|ۜ0@@ DFUMSG015-OCT-1998 15:5215-OCT-1998 15:52Message A02-12  $ABS$ MSG$SECTION MSG$AAAAAAAAAAA MSG$AAAAAAAAAAB MSG$AAAAAAAAAACX X02 DFU_NOPRIV0* DFU_INDEXERR0" DFU_IOERR0 DFU_EXPREG0# DFU_EXHFAIL0  DFU_ASSIGN0 DFU$_FACILITYH H=ef44=(`8{` (0H2ASSIGN Error assigning channel to disk,0EXHFAILFailed to setup exit handler,0$EXPREGError creating dynamic memory,*IOERRError reading INDEXF.SYS,,INDEXERRError opening INDEXF.SYS,PNOPRIV?No privilege to perform this function (DFU_ALLPRIV not granted)DFU ww1 |ۜV1.0FF DFU_BITMAPV1.015-OCT-1998 15:49DEC C V5.6-003  $ABS$i+$CODE$ $LITERAL$$LINK$$DATA$%$BSS$ $READONLY_ADDR$ $READONLY$HEADERBITMAPBHOMEIOSTAT8RVTRVT_T CLEAN_FLAGS CTX MATDEVICE MATANALYZEMATSTAT MATDEFRAG MATMEMBERMATFULL MATEXTENDMATTRUNCMATPAGEMATMULT&DISPFULLMATSUMM MATPLACED MATNOVOLSET MATNOSEARCHMATHOMEMATALLOCMATLBN  MAT_R_MINSIZE  MAT_R_MAXSIZE  MAT_A_MINSIZE  MAT_A_MAXSIZE MATOUTPUTMATNAMEMATEXCL  MATNONEBACKUP MATNONEEXPIRED  MATBEFCREATED  MATSINCREATED' MATBEFMODIFIED MATSINMODIFIED  MATBEFBACKUP  MATSINBACKUP  MATBEFEXPIRED  MATSINEXPIRED  MATNONEACCESS  MATBEFACCESS  MATSINACCESS MATNONEATTR MATBEFATTR MATSINATTRMATSORTMATDIR MATBAKFIDMATFIDMATCHARSMATOR(MATMARKMATUIC MATFRAGMENT MATVERSION MATFORMATMATOVER MATAPPENDMATACEMATODS2MATODS5MATLISTMATREBMATNOLOG MATNOBITMAPMATNOVOL MATNOINDEXMATUSAGEMATGRAPH MATUNMARK  MATNOCONFIRMM)ATFIXMATLOCK MATMAXSIZEMATCHECKMATALIASMATEMPTY MATREPAIRMATLIMITMATTEST MATTRUNCATEMATDUMPMATTREEMATKEEPTRIGGER SMG$ENABLETRACE_ON  PROGRESS_IND LOCK_CHAN  SOR$GK_RECORD  SOR$M_STABLECTR*LCTCHANDISP_IDDISP1_IDDISP2_IDPAGE_ID STATUS_IDPASTE_IDHELP_IDKEYB_IDLBNSTARTLBNCOUNTCLUSTERVOLCOUNTMAXVOLVOLNUMORIG_RVNCURVOLROWSCOLLSHIGHBITIOSIZ+EVBNHEADERSEFN EXH_STATUS TRACE_LINETRCFP VMSVERSIONOUTBUF LINE_COUNTP TRACE_FILENAMEDECC$GXFPRINTF SYS$DELTVA SYS$EXPREGSYS$FAOSYS$QIOW TRACE_INFO TRACE_FPRINTF DFU_EXPREG0JGET_HOLELIB,$FFSLIB$FFC0Jp SCAN_BITMAP SINGLEMSG READ_BITMAP0JCHECK_ADJACENT LIB$EXTZV0JP  NEW_BITMAPDISASS_MAP_PTRLIB$INSVCOPY_FIDSOR$RELEASE_REC DECC$CALLOC0J   SET_BITMAP 0J0REBUILD_BITMAPLIB$EXTVGET_NAME- DFU_PRINTF0JPCOMPARE_BITMAP0J ADD_USAGE0J ADD_QUOTA DECC$FREE0J@p  REPORT_USAGESOR$BEGIN_SORTSOR$SORT_MERGESOR$RETURN_REC SOR$END_SORT0JP& CHECK_USAGE OTS$DIV_I OTS$DIV_UI =Bp#B^F [ ^G(~.08@޴HPX>`^h~pxGJG~G@G!({@Zk_>GG G G=!aA!!H=I@ 0@AGA A?NG]#8bCC0BCGG@Zk GG5 @ G0pA0Ji4`B` G@B"HbCCCGG@ZkG? 0@A@ A?2MA@4lA}3lB2@J4lABUB3DB-I5@u@-AF AfBhB" GA? ú@@hB`GcfB`GA?4ACGG] ](/}08@ݤHPX=`]h}px#kc4G4GG@#C#@^8#H^P~GX`h޴px>^~޵G!KG~#[{ C(=,]C0}G<=G4G8}@Zk BGb GTG@ZkGB ,]<=bCG@ZkBG =bGGGG G(G@Zk B bCCGtG@ZkG(}0=GGcBcBsF G G GJ(B@0ݠ1CF2N6%J1CF G4 FG=G9A=@ 0`AÐB}"CbCCGG@ZkG@ 0`Au0AGG5B=G1A=Ƣ4B GB"bCCCGG@ZkG 0`A@@1nA`]/MB1 JG}-B1$BA3B.I@-A ¦ A)֢`BhbGMMG@ZkB |"0@ O81CBN@B.!6@G. 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JD0BDJD#@#D =6!DF "GJ21@GFB @*@rF0B 0B#D=cC{G0@}pG@JcG9`]07HG0@B5B:@@2A0@CF5D? r@B!B] Ba@2@C(bCCG@Zk@ @?G ](]0}8@HݤPX`=hp#k?! #@#D!D??1$Býs"{#G_:DCG0#C~C8C<"P^:9#X^4G`~hpx޴>^~޵G 4GGG3, ۤG0H0>./J7K B(0޲@>D^H>H=0] IB@_xB8bCTG@Zk ¤G(8B@bC@Zk8BG@bGG@Zk8H@K-1B"-#EB0CEF"11A!KDFƲF H @x`<]G0 CG 0 @C#DcC{G0AuG }JcG!7I0BA0AyF`G ]5B:A0@C#@ݢuF!8@pBB]hB0@CCpbCtG@Zk4@xB bECCCCG@Zk> 00AD8 GD@01B @1h8BpbCCCtG@Zk  DM4GdA,1 @0@AN,1B_5A XB8`bCTG@Zk"BbHbP! 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B D8bGTG5@@Zk#7 @ -xBCCRCHbC5@BGGGG5 By Gw@͢^G@BG$Dz (@Zk)!v H!  4G(,"CG -M(gBbC2BCAQ`mC@ZkP"0B(8b2vH'@CGGG@ZkH"G Hq@F@p@F98v7JCUJCFWBZ,h/GC (K@B@ HGa(KD[hKGaG<h?C(! qEGGG G(GHb@Zk pEaI@HDWB 8 h.H. 4GS hJRHJh>H> 0`A!tAx0B8bP"GTG@ZkBbG4G@ZkG0]8]@}HPXݤ`hp=x]}ݥ#k0@JFFD0 JFF 0IDD 4G OTS$DIV_I4xb# OTS$DIV_I4|@ OTS$DIV_I,b#LIB$FFS,GLIB$FFS,@LIB$FFS,0GTLIB$FFC,8b#LIB$FFC,P@TLIB$FFC4)G E SYS$EXPREG4*b# SYS$EXPREG4)@  SYS$EXPREG4$G@ SINGLEMSG4,b# SINGLEMSG4<@@ SINGLEMSG4+HGh READ_BITMAP4,Xb# READ_BITMAP4+d@h READ_BITMAP4 hGSYS$QIOW4 tFb#SYS$QIOW 4 @SYS$QIOW4%G SYS$DELTVA4&b# SYS$DELTVA4%@ SYS$DELTVA,hGLIB$FFS,tb#LIB$FFS,@LIB$FFS,GLIB$FFC,b#LIB$FFC,@LIBG$FFC4-lG OTS$DIV_UI4.pb# OTS$DIV_UI4-@ OTS$DIV_UI4G8 TRACE_INFO4 0b# TRACE_INFO44@8 TRACE_INFO4!DGh TRACE_FPRINTF4"Lb# TRACE_FPRINTF4!d@h TRACE_FPRINTF4%GH SYS$DELTVA4&b# SYS$DELTVA4%@ SYS$DELTVA4 Gx OTS$DIV_I4db# OTS$DIV_I4t@x OTS$DIV_I4-xG OTS$DIV_UI4.b# OTS$DIV_UI4-@ OTS$DIV_UI4'G LIB$EXTZV4(Ib# LIB$EXTZV4'@ LIB$EXTZV4'G LIB$EXTZV4(b# LIB$EXTZV4'@ LIB$EXTZV,GLIB$FFC,b#LIB$FFC,@LIB$FFC,p G LIB$FFC, b#LIB$FFC, @ LIB$FFCJ43 G DISASS_MAP_PTR44 b#PDISASS_MAP_PTR43 @ DISASS_MAP_PTR4-0 GH OTS$DIV_UI4.< b#P OTS$DIV_UI4-D @H OTS$DIV_UI4-H G` OTS$DIV_UI4.T b#P OTS$DIV_UI4-\ @` OTS$DIV_UI4'< G` LIBK$EXTZV4(D b#P LIB$EXTZV4'\ @` LIB$EXTZV4#d G LIB$INSV4$h b#PLIB$INSV4# @ LIB$INSV4' G LIB$EXTZV4( b#P LIB$EXTZV4' @ LIB$EXTZV45 G4 COPY_FID46 b#LPCOPY_FID450 @4 COPY_FID44 GL SOR$RELEASE_REC48 b#PSOR$RELEASE_REC4H @L SOR$RELEASE_REC4 T G| DECC$CALLOC4 \ b#P DECC$CALLOC4 x @| DECC$CALLOC4# G LIB$INSV4$ b#PLIB$INSV4#M @ LIB$INSV45G$COPY_FID46b#PCOPY_FID45 @$COPY_FID4$G<SOR$RELEASE_REC4(b#PSOR$RELEASE_REC48@<SOR$RELEASE_REC4 DGl DECC$CALLOC4 Lb#P DECC$CALLOC4 h@l DECC$CALLOCN4xG OTS$DIV_I 4|b#  OTS$DIV_I4@ OTS$DIV_I4G OTS$DIV_I4b#  OTS$DIV_I4@ OTS$DIV_I4#xGLIB$INSV4$b# LIB$INSV4#@LIB$INSV43GODISASS_MAP_PTR44b#DISASS_MAP_PTR43@DISASS_MAP_PTR4-,G@ OTS$DIV_UI4.4b# OTS$DIV_UI4-<@@ OTS$DIV_UI4-@GX OTS$DIV_UI4.Hb# OTS$DIV_UI4-T@X OTS$DIV_UI41@G`LIB$EXTV42PPb#LIB$EXTV41\@`LIB$EXTV4#dGLIB$INSV4$lb#LIB$INSV4#@LIB$INSV41GLIB$EXTV42b#LIB$EXTV41@LIB$EXTV4/G0GET_NAME40 b#GET_NAMEQ4/,@0GET_NAME44G` DFU_PRINTF48b# DFU_PRINTF4\@` DFU_PRINTF4/GGET_NAME40b#GET_NAME4/@GET_NAME4G DFU_PRINTF4b# DFU_PRINTF4@ DFUR_PRINTF4G$ DFU_PRINTF4b#P DFU_PRINTF4 @$ DFU_PRINTF4)(G` SYS$EXPREG4*,b#P SYS$EXPREG4)\@` SYS$EXPREG4hG SINGLEMSG4lb#P SINGLEMSG4|@ SINGLEMSG4+GS READ_BITMAP4,b#P READ_BITMAP4+@ READ_BITMAP4%G SYS$DELTVA4&b#P SYS$DELTVA4%@ SYS$DELTVA4 GSYS$QIOW4 b#PSYS$QIOW4 @SYS$QIOW4 $GpSYS$QIOW4 T,b#PSYS$QIOW4 l@pSYS$QIOW4' G0 LIB$EXTZV4(b#P LIB$EXTZV4',@0 LIB$EXTZV4'0GP LIB$EXTZV4(8b#P LIB$EXTZV4'L@P LIB$EXTZV4b#P DFU_PRINTF4G DFU_PRINTFU4@ DFU_PRINTF4G DFU_PRINTF4b#P DFU_PRINTF4@ DFU_PRINTF40GX DFU_PRINTF44b#P DFU_PRINTF4T@X DFU_PRINTF4G DFU_PRINTF4b#P DFU_PRINTF4@V DFU_PRINTF4 GLSYS$QIOW 4 b#PSYS$QIOW4 H@LSYS$QIOW4dG DFU_PRINTF4hb#P DFU_PRINTF4|@ DFU_PRINTF4G SINGLEMSG4b#P SINGLEMSG4@ SINGLEMSG4WG DFU_PRINTF4b#P DFU_PRINTF4@ DFU_PRINTF4 GSYS$QIOW4 b#PSYS$QIOW4 @SYS$QIOW4%G( SYS$DELTVA4&b#P SYS$DELTVA4%$@( SYS$DELTVA4G TRACE_INFOX4 b# TRACE_INFO4@ TRACE_INFO4! GD TRACE_FPRINTF4"$b# TRACE_FPRINTF4!@@D TRACE_FPRINTF4 XGd DECC$CALLOC4 \b# DECC$CALLOC4 `@d DECC$CALLOC4 GSYS$QIOW4 b#SYSY$QIOW4 @SYS$QIOW4G DFU_PRINTF4b# DFU_PRINTF4@ DFU_PRINTF4 G SYS$QIOW4  b#SYS$QIOW4  @ SYS$QIOW4 G DECC$FREE4 b# DECC$FREE4 @Z DECC$FREE4 8!G! DECC$CALLOC4 !b#@ DECC$CALLOC4 !@! DECC$CALLOC4("G<"SOR$BEGIN_SORT4,"b#@SOR$BEGIN_SORT48"@<"SOR$BEGIN_SORT4 D"G"SYS$QIOW4 "b#@SYS$QIOW4 "@"SYS$QIOW4["G" DFU_PRINTF4"b#@ DFU_PRINTF4"@" DFU_PRINTF4"G# DFU_PRINTF4"b#@ DFU_PRINTF4#@# DFU_PRINTF4 #G$# DFU_PRINTF4#b#@ DFU_PRINTF4 #@$# DFU_PRINTF4(#G@# DFU_PRINTF\4,#b#@ DFU_PRINTF4<#@@# DFU_PRINTF, p#G#SYS$FAO,x#b#@SYS$FAO, #@#SYS$FAO4#G# SINGLEMSG4#b#@ SINGLEMSG4#@# SINGLEMSG4 #G$SYS$QIOW4 #b#@SYS$QIOW4 ]$@$SYS$QIOW, $G$SYS$FAO,$b#@SYS$FAO, $@$SYS$FAO4$G$ SINGLEMSG4$b#@ SINGLEMSG4$@$ SINGLEMSG4$G$SOR$RELEASE_REC4$b#@SOR$RELEASE_REC4$@$SOR$RELEASE_REC4$^G %DECC$GXFPRINTF4$b#@DECC$GXFPRINTF 4%@ %DECC$GXFPRINTF4%G8% DFU_PRINTF4%b#@ DFU_PRINTF44%@8% DFU_PRINTF4p%G%SOR$SORT_MERGE4t%b#@SOR$SORT_MERGE4|%@%SOR$SORT_MERGE4%G% DFU_PRINTF>_4%b#@ DFU_PRINTF4%@% DFU_PRINTF4%G% SINGLEMSG4%b#@ SINGLEMSG4%@% SINGLEMSG4%G%SOR$RETURN_REC4%b#@SOR$RETURN_REC4%@%SOR$RETURN_REC4%G& DFU_PRINTF4%b#@` DFU_PRINTF4&@& DFU_PRINTF4$&GD&DECC$GXFPRINTF4,&b#@DECC$GXFPRINTF4@&@D&DECC$GXFPRINTF4D&G\&SOR$RETURN_REC4H&b#@SOR$RETURN_REC4X&@\&SOR$RETURN_REC4d&Gt& SOR$END_SORT4h&b#@ SOR$END_SORT4p&a@t& SOR$END_SORT4t&G& DECC$FREE4x&b#@ DECC$FREE4&@& DECC$FREE4 t'G' DECC$CALLOC4 'b#P DECC$CALLOC4 '@' DECC$CALLOC4 (Gd(SYS$QIOW4 \(b#PSYS$QIOW4 `(@d(SYS$QIOW4bt(G( DFU_PRINTF4(b#P DFU_PRINTF4(@( DFU_PRINTF4 (b#PSYS$QIOW4 (G)SYS$QIOW4 )@)SYS$QIOW, X)G|)SYS$FAO,\)b#PSYS$FAO, x)@|)SYS$FAO4)G) DFU_PRINTF4)cb#P DFU_PRINTF4)@) DFU_PRINTF4  *Gx*SYS$QIOW4 p*b#PSYS$QIOW4 t*@x*SYS$QIOW4*G* DFU_PRINTF4*b#P DFU_PRINTF4*@* DFU_PRINTF4*G* DECC$FREE4*b#P DECC$FREE4d*@* DECC$FREE =@1%%DFU-S-REBQUOTA, QUOTA.SYS succesfully rebuild8=PF%%DFU-W-QUOTAERR, %.*s has %d blocks used, QUOTA indicates %d blocks=8)%%DFU-I-CHKQUOTA, Checking QUOTA.SYS...=8)%%DFU-E-SORTERR, Error sorting output, =XN ---------------------------------------------------------------------------e0=H< Identifier/UIC Used/Allocated Headersp=H9 ***** Disk Usage Table (from INDEXF.SYS) *****=XN Identifier/UIC Used/Allocated Headers Quota Used/Perm=PE ***** Disk Usage Table (from INDEXF.SYS and QUOTA.SYS) *****H=H?!30AS!9UL/!9!6UL!30AS!9UL/!9!6UL !9UL/!9=8)%%fDFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota...=8.ADD_USAGE new entry, i = %d, owner = [%o,%o]=@5SPEC_USER:[DORLAND.SOURCES.CC.DFUSRC]DFU_BITMAP.C;1 =@3%%DFU-S-RBDBITMAP, BITMAP.SYS succesfully rebuildX=8.%%DFU-E-RBDBMAP, Error rewriting BITMAP.SYS,=XI%%DFU-W-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN %d through %d incorrectly marked allocated=PD%%DFgU-E-ALLOCSET, blocks LBN %d through %d incorrectly marked free =8+%%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS...P=XI%%DFU-E-MULTALLOC, file %.*s blocks LBN %d through %d already allocated=*"SCAN_BITMAP, Hole : %d at LBN %dT T=0";=T?  OTS$DIV_ILIB$FFSLIB$FFC=00 &;h=` ; ; DFU_PRINTF SYS$QIOW; DECC$CALLOC=!%Ig; SYS$FAO DECC$FREE=%*s =%.*s SOR$BEGIN_SORTSOR$RETURN_RECDECC$GXFPRINTF SINGLEMSG=0h p ;=t i;=p;e; SOR$RELEASE_REC SOR$END_SORTSOR$SORT_MERGE=0@ ;=p  =0";=`0 b; TRACE_INFO! 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DECC$STRSTR4b#0 DECC$STRSTR4@ DECC$STRSTR4G DECC$STRCPY4b#0 DECC$STRCPY4@ DECC$STRCPY4G DECC$STRCAT4b#0 DECC$STRCAT4@ DECC$STRCAT4G DECC$STRCPY4b#0 DECC$STRCPY4@ DECC$STRCPY4GSTRINDEX4b#0STRINDEX4@STRINDEX40G@ DECC$FREE44b#0 DECC$FREE4<@@ DECC$FREE = %.*s%.*s[%d,%d,%d]=(FID_TO_NAME, Qio Error %d 8=@6SPEC_USER:[DORLAND.SOURCES.CC.DFUSRC]DFU_IFSCAN.C;13p= CHECK_ACE, Header %d=  Status : READY=0'%%DFU-E-NOTENTER, File %s not entered= REFILL_DIR, File %s=0$ Status : Entering files (%d done)=0&%%DFU-I-REFILL, Entering %d files...0=8/%%DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d`=0%%%DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning %.*s (%s) =`U%%DFU-S-DONE, Directories scanned : %d%%DFU-I-DIRSCAN, Scanning %d directories...=PB%%DFU-I-INDSCAN, Making directory table for %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d(=%%DFU-I-INDSCAN, Making directory table for %.*s (%s) VERIFY, Repair (%d) %s%%DFU-W-LOSTHDR3, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s found in invalid directory (%d,%d,%d) %.*s=`W%%DFU-W-LOSTHDR2, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s in directory with bad backlink (%d,%d,%d) %.*s(=PA%%DFU-W-LOSTHDR4, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s not found in a directoryp=PG%%DFU-W-LOSTHDR1, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s found in nonexistent directory=8-%%DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files...=@7%%DFU-E-MKLOST, Error creating/accessing SYSLOST.DIR, =0& %%DFU-I-READY, VERIFY command readyH=0%%%DFU-E-NOTREM, File %s not removedp=0"%%DFU-S-REMOVED, File %s removed=0#%%DFU-S-MFDFIX, %s backlink fixed=0"%%DFU-I-REPAIR, Fixing errors...=0" Status : Processing QUOTA.SYS=0# Status : Processing BITMAP.SYS8=@1%%DFU-E-REBIFMAP, Indexf Bitmap rebuild failed,p=8,%%DFU-S-REBIFMAP, Indexfile bitmap rebuild=h\ blocks LBN %d through %d multiple allocated%%DFU-E-MULTALLOC, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s , =8)%%DFU-E-SORTERR, Error sorting output, 0=H9%%DFU-W-MULTFND, reporting multiple allocated blocks...p=PC%%DFU-E-SLFBAKFID, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s backlink points to itself=H>%%DFU-E-INVBAKFID, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s has invalid backlink=@4%%DFU-W-NOOWNER, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s has no owner0=PF%%DFU-W-NOBITSET, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s Index File bitmap bit not setx=%%DFU-W-BADMFDLNK, directory %.*s has backlink to 000000.DIR on RVN %d%%DFU-W-BADBLOCK, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s has suspected bad blocks=H9%%DFU-W-LOCKED, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s is deaccess lockedH=(VERIFY, Repair (%d) %.*sh=H9%%DFU-W-DELETED, file (%d,%d,%d) %.*s marked for delete=%%DFU-W-NOBITCLR, file (%d,%d,%d) deleted file header marked BUSY in Index File bitmap%%DFU-E-ERRHOME, Home block info not OK0 =8.%%DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK` =`V%%DFU-I-VERIFY, Verifying %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d%%DFU-I-VERIFY, Verifying %.*s (%s)  =%%DFU-W-WRITELK, Cannot rebuild or lock on write-locke>d device %%DFU-I-READY, UNDELETE command ready %%DFU-S-FND , %d recoverable files foundP =H9- Use ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR to move the file to [SYSLOST] =@5%%DFU-E-NOTENTER, File %s not entered in directory,  =@1%%DFU-I-ENTER, Entering file(s) in directory... =8-%%DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recovered0 =8.%%DFU-E-INDEXFERR, Error writing INDEXF.SYS,` =@4%%DFU-E-BADEXTHDR, Extension header linkage broken =h^- Use ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR to repair the volume%%DFU-E-BITMAPERR, Error writing BITMAP.SYS, =@2%%DFU-E-READERR, Error reading extension header,0 =8,%%DFU-E-NOTUNDEL, File cannot be undeleted` =(Recoverable file %s%s found  =@5%%DFU-I-UNDEL, Start search on %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d =8*%%DFU-I-UNDEL, Start search on %.*s (%s) =hY%%DFU-E-NOTUNDEL, File undeletes not possible,%%DFU-I-READBMAP, Reading BITMAP.SYS...H =PA%%DFU-E-ERASED, Cannot undelete ; erase-on-delete set on device =H9%%DFU-E-WRITELK, Cannot undelete on write-locked device =8)%%DFU-E-INVID, Wrong uic or identifier,=0"Recover this file ? (Y/N) [N] : (=0& %%DFU-I-READY, REPORT command readyP=XM * : Fully allocated, . : Partial allocated, : Free, %d blocks each=XK +------------------------------------------------------------+= %9d->|%.*s|%3d%%=`Q LBN +------------------------------------------------------------+ %%`=8. Free space fragmentation index : %.3f %s=8) Average extent size (rounded) : %d=H< Largest free extent : %d blocks at LBN: %d=8) Total free extents : %d0=8) Percentage free (rounded) : %d`=8) Total free blocks : %d=8) Total blocks on disk : %d=H; ***** Free space statistics (from BITMAP.SYS) *****=8+ %s%.*s ( %d/%d blocks; %d fragments) 0=0& Most fragmented file : X=8) Average size per fragment : %d=8. File fragmentation index : %.3f %s=8+ Average fragments per file : %.3f=8) Total fragments : %d=8- Total used/ allocated size : %d /%dH=8) Contiguous files : %dx=8) Directory files : %d=H< Files marked for delete : %d, size %d/%d blocks=8) Files marked for delete : %d=8) Files with extension headers : %dH=8) Files with allocation : %dx=8) Empty files : %d=8. Total files (ODS2 / ODS5) : %d / %d=u INDEXF.SYS fragments/ map_in_use : %d /%d words ( %d%% used) ***** File Statistics (from INDEXF.SYS) *****P=8* Free headers : %d =8) First header VBN : %d=8) Header count : %d=8) Maximum # files : %d=8) Cluster size : %d@ =8. Highwater mark. / Erase on del. : %s / %sp=8, Volume set name : %.12s=8, Volume owner :  %.12s=8, Volume name : %.12s=| ***** Volume info for ODS%1d volume %.*s (from HOME block) *****%%DFU-I-REPORT, Reporting on %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d =8)%%DFU-I-REPORT, Reporting on %.*s (%s) =PA%%DFU-S-FND , Files found : %d, Size : %d/%d, Hdr/Frag : %d/%d =8/%%DFU-S-FND , Files found : %d, Size : %d/%d (=(%%DFU-I-SORT, Sorting ... H=H= %%DFU-I-EOF, End of file INDEXF.SYS, Primary headers : %d =(Last attr. change : %.*s =(Last attr. change : %s =(Last access date : %.*s=@2Last access date : %sBackup date : %.*s =8.Backup date : %sP=(Expiration date : %.*sp=8*Expiration date : %s=(Revision date : %.*s=(Creation date : %.*s=0'Size : %d/%d, Revision count : %d=8,VBN : %d , File ID (%d,%d,%d) , UIC : %.*s8=8*Directory: %.*s , Backlink ID (%d,%d,%d)h=@2%%DFU-E-READERR, Error reading backlink header, =@5%%DFU-E-FIDTOOBIG, File id specified > max file id =(Available headers : %d =(First header VBN : %d=(Header count : %d8=(Maximum # files : %dX=(Cluster size : %dx=(Highwater / Erase : %s / %s=(Volume set name : %.12s=(Volume owner : %.12s=( Volume name : %.12s=@7%%DFU-I-SEARCH, Start search on %.*s (%s) , RVN = %d 0=8,%%DFU-I-SEARCH, Start search on %.*s (%s) `=8*%%DFU-E-INVACE, Wrong uic or identifier,=8/%%DFU-E-SIZEERR, Minimum size > maximum size =#!#AS!9UL/!9!4UL/!UL =0#;=0, ;; DECC$MEMCPYSTRINDEX= X=0;x;=0P;q;r;=0; DECC$STRNCAT TRACE_FPRINTF DECC$STRNCMP;=[] DECC$CALLOCb; SYS$QIOW DECC$STRCAT; ;=0( ;=@ ;` DECC$STRCPY ; DECC$STRSTR TRACE_INFO DECC$FREE@;=7.2 DECC$STRLEN=[DECC$GXSPRINTF=0;=0";=P0 g;0 SOR$RELEASE_REC DECC$STRNCPY! DECC$MEMSET# ENTER_FILE%SOR$RETURN_REC' OTS$DIV_UIa;c;e; )SMG$SET_CURSOR_MODE+ PUT_STATUS;-CLEANUP;=0P";=` u;/ DFU_PRINTF 1GET_NEXT_HEADER;P3 SINGLEMSG5SOR$BEGIN_SORTn;7 OPEN_DEVICE~;=9DO_ABORT;SOR$SORT_MERGE =READ_INDEXF_BITMAP? LIB$FREE_EF=00"0;=h W;A SYS$EXPREG=:0C ENCRYPT_NAME ESCAN_DIRECTORIES7 DFU_EXPREG=.DIR;1=0 P;=0, ;;=0( p;=T ;};G DECC$MALLOC=08"w;=`$ I SYS$DASSGN= SYSLOST.DIR;1 K SYS$ASSIGNMLIB$INIT_TIMEROLIB$FFSQFOLLOW_EXTENTS= rfm=varp= ctx=rec=rat=crS RESET_COMMONUENTER_BACKLINK7 DISPLAY_STAT WLIB$FID_TO_NAMEYCOMPARE_BITMAP7 DFU_ASSIGN7 DFU_NOPRIV= statistics= rebuild= ;=lock(=a0[ REMOVE_FILE]LIB$INSV ;`_ NEW_BITMAPK;:;T; ;S;=0" {;=P\ &;J;a PARSE_ITEM`;;E;c ADD_USAGEe SYS$DELTVAg DELETE_FILE= appendoutfileH=wP=fixX=page`= devicedirscanx= SYS$OUTPUT:i CHECK_USAGEf;k DFU_HANDLERmLIB$SHOW_TIMERo SYS$CANEXH q SET_BITMAP= rop=WBH= mrs=255s DECC$FOPENu DECC$REALLOC;@w STR$UPCASE=*.*;*X=Y`= [000000p=uicx= SYS$OUTPUT= noconfirm=]p;yREBUILD_BITMAPR;Q;=08"Q;=l I;@;';=  {SMG$READ_COMPOSED_LINE=ident( =list0 =unmarkj;} ADD_QUOTASTR$MATCH_WILD=filep  READ_BITMAPs;=usage  REPORT_USAGE=C = novolume = nobitmap = @A (excellent)  = (poor)  =Yes N;L;M;=ųO;=0H"`4;= | @@  OTS$DIV_I DFU_NEWPAGE=P;=No = (good)  =A (fair)  =graph =nofile> ף  SCAN_BITMAP= B = acc_none = limit_min = bak_none = att_none = retr_max( =erase0 = nocharge@ = markedvers_maxX =or` = bak_beforep = exp_since = att_before = acc_before = cre_since = cre_before = mod_since = mod_before = fragment =lbn =bakfidover =fid =  =!#AS!9UL/!UL( = formatFilename: %s@ = novolsetP = nomovenoshelvableh =ods5p = scratch = placedsummary = size_max = G;7;>;;6;;C;(;<;/;-;4;1;,;*;!;SYS$FAO;%;9;`  SYS$ASCTIMZ; LIB$SUBX=0He"0;=e =;A;B;#;";$;F;?;+;);2;5;.;0; ;;D; ;;3;;;8;H;pDECC$GXFPRINTF=%.*s = size_min=sort=full= multiple=ho>me= nosearch=ods2= isshelved= allocated DECC$ATOL= !%I (!%U) = exclude0z;= ace_identifier;Pw;= besttryh= nobackupx=(lockedbadaclcontiguous= att_since= acc_since= bak_since= exp_before= exp_none= vers_min=limit= retr_min=(version_numberdirectory0=spool8= badblockH= limit_noneX= limit_max ==== =(=0=8=@=.h4= `4= 84=X4=d4=000000.DIR;1 Jww1b:|ۜV1.0FF DFU_ODS2IOV1.015-OCT-1998 15:51DEC C V5.6-003  $ABS$iJ$CODE$ $LITERAL$x$LINK$$DATA$$BSS$ $READONLY_ADDR$ $READONLY$HEADERBITMAPBHOMEIOSTAT8RVTRVT_T CLEAN_FLAGS CTX MATDEVICE MATANALYZEMATSTAT MATDEFRAG MATMEMBERMATFULL MATEXTENDMATTRUNCMATPAGEMATMULTDISPFULLMATSUMM MATPLACED MATNOVOLSET MATNOSEARCHMATHOMEMATALLOCMATLBN  MAT_R_MINSIZE  MAT_R_MAXSIZE  MAT_A_MINSIZE  MAT_A_MAXSIZE MATOUTPUTMATNAMEMATEXCL  MATNONEBACKUP MATNONEEXPIRED  MATBEFCREATED  MATSINCREATED MATBEFMODIFIED MATSINMODIFIED  MATBEFBACKUP  MATSINBACKUP  MATBEFEXPIRED  MATSINEXPIRED  MATNONEACCESS  MATBEFACCESS  MATSINACCESS MATNONEATTR MATBEFATTR MATSINATTRMATSORTMATDIR MATBAKFIDMATFIDMATCHARSMATORMATMARKMATUIC MATFRAGMENT MATVERSION MATFORMATMATOVER MATAPPENDMATACEMATODS2MATODS5MATLISTMATREBMATNOLOG MATNOBITMAPMATNOVOL MATNOINDEXMATUSAGEMATGRAPH MATUNMARK  MATNOCONFIRMMATFIXMATLOCK MATMAXSIZEMATCHECKMATALIASMATEMPTY MATREPAIRMATLIMITMATTEST MATTRUNCATEMATDUMPMATTREEMATKEEPTRIGGER SMG$ENABLETRACE_ON  PROGRESS_IND LOCK_CHAN  SOR$GK_RECORD  SOR$M_STABLECTRLCTCHANDISP_IDDISP1_IDDISP2_IDPAGE_ID STATUS_IDPASTE_IDHELP_IDKEYB_IDLBNSTARTLBNCOUNTCLUSTERVOLCOUNTMAXVOLVOLNUMORIG_RVNCURVOLROWSCOLLSHIGHBITIOSIZEVBNHEADERSEFN EXH_STATUS TRACE_LINETRCFP VMSVERSIONOUTBUF LINE_COUNTP TRACE_FILENAMEBLOCKSTATUS DECC$FCLOSEDECC$GXSPRINTFDECC$GA_RMS_NAMDECC$GA_RMS_FAB TRACE_INFO TRACE_FPRINTF0J DFU_HANDLER DFU_INDEXERR DFU_ASSIGN DFU_EXHFAIL DFU_IOERR(JCLEANUP SOR$END_SORT LIB$FREE_EFSYS$QIOW SYS$DASSGN SYS$CANEXH SYS$DELTVA0JDEV_SCAN DECC$STRNCPY DECC$STRLENADD_ITEMSYS$DEVICE_SCAN 0J OPEN_DEVICE DECC$CALLOC DECC$STRCPY SYS$GETDVIW DFU_PRINTF DECC$FREE SINGLEMSG SYS$ASSIGN SYS$DCLEXH8J@`READ_INDEXF_BITMAPLIB$FFC LIB$EXTZV8J@PREAD_INDEXF_MULTI LIB$GET_EFSYS$QIO0JPGET_NEXT_HEADER PUT_STATUS SYS$WAITFR0J`"FOLLOW_EXTENTSCOPY_FID GET_MAP_POINTERS CHECK_ACE0J$ FLUSH_CACHE0J`& READ_BITMAP0J) RESET_COMMON DECC$STRCAT SYS$PARSE SYS$SEARCH DECC$STRNCMP DECC$MEMCPY0J1ENTER_BACKLINK0Jh3 ENTER_FILE NAME_TO_DIDSTRINDEX0JH 8 REMOVE_FILE0J< DELETE_FILE0JC MOVE_TO_LBN0JP0FMOVEDIR_TO_LBN OTS$DIV_UI =#@~4G^^~ (0޴8@HG#G{[#{ D @ZkBbDG@Zk(PD  `BC hb4G@Zk@? @K`$¤4G BE _PBXbCGGGG1vJG (@Zk&Bb4G0v H@Zk&PBXbCGGGG!?HR H&R HG (@Zk&Bb4GR H@Zk&!v H& b#0vJ @PBXb4G@Zk0@ @c 4GbD`$  @ F0B8bCCtG@G@Zk0Bf 8bCCGtG@Zk0@ @G]]} (0ݤ8@HP#kGG#?$H^$P^?! 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DFU_PRINTF4G  SINGLEMSG4 b#@ SINGLEMSG4@  SINGLEMSG4,GD SINGLEMSG40b#@ SINGLEMSG4@@D SINGLEMSG4;GDECC$GXSPRINTF4<b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4;@DECC$GXSPRINTF4?@G PUT_STATUS4@b# PUT_STATUS4?@ PUT_STATUS4=G< SYS$WAITFR4>b# SYS$WAITFR4=8@< SYS$WAITFR,: b#SYS$QIO ,9 GD SYS$QIO,9@ @D SYS$QIO4L Gd SINGLEMSG4X b#A SINGLEMSG4` @d SINGLEMSG4= G SYS$WAITFR4> b# SYS$WAITFR4= @ SYS$WAITFR4A`!G! OTS$DIV_UI4Bt!b# OTS$DIV_UI4A!@! OTS$DIV_UI4;!G!DECC$GXSPRINTF4<!b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4;B!@!DECC$GXSPRINTF4?!G! PUT_STATUS4@!b# PUT_STATUS4?!@! 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DFU_PRINTF4(.b# DFU_PRINTF4<.@@. DFU_PRINTF4)/G$/ DECC$MEMCPY4*/b# DECC$MEMCPY4) /@$/ DECC$MEMCPY48/G/MSYS$QIOW4GH>SYS$QIOW4 >b#SYS$QIOW4D>@H>SYS$QIOW4l>G>SYS$QIOW4|>b#SYS$QIOW4>@>SYS$QIOW4>UG> DFU_PRINTF4>b# DFU_PRINTF4>@> DFU_PRINTF4>G ? SINGLEMSG4>b# SINGLEMSG4?@ ? SINGLEMSG4?G,?STRINDEX4?b#STRINDEX4(?@,?STRINDEX4T?Gh? DFU_PRINTF4V\?b# DFU_PRINTF4d?@h? DFU_PRINTF4l?G? SINGLEMSG4p?b# SINGLEMSG4|?@? SINGLEMSG4@G@STRINDEX4@b#STRINDEX4@@@STRINDEX4@GASYS$QIOW4@b#SYS$QIOWW4A@ASYS$QIOW48AGXA DECC$STRCPY4@Ab# DECC$STRCPY4TA@XA DECC$STRCPY4\AG|A DFU_PRINTF4`Ab# DFU_PRINTF4xA@|A DFU_PRINTF4AGA SINGLEMSG4Ab# SINGLEMSG4A@AX SINGLEMSG4AGASYS$QIOW4Ab#SYS$QIOW4A@ASYS$QIOW4AGB DFU_PRINTF4Ab# DFU_PRINTF4 B@B DFU_PRINTF4BGPBSYS$QIOW 4Bb#SYS$QIOW4LB@PBSYS$QIOW4YdBGpB DECC$FREE4hBb# DECC$FREE4lB@pB DECC$FREE4DG$D DECC$CALLOC4Db# DECC$CALLOC4 D@$D DECC$CALLOC4DGDCOPY_FID4Db#COPY_FID4D@DCOPY_FID4LEGESYS$QIOWZ4hEb#SYS$QIOW4E@ESYS$QIOW4EGE DECC$FREE4Eb# DECC$FREE4E@E DECC$FREE4xFGF DECC$CALLOC4|Fb#P DECC$CALLOC4F@F DECC$CALLOC4FGFCOPY_FID4Fb#P[COPY_FID4F@FCOPY_FID4 GGHGSYS$QIOW4Gb#PSYS$QIOW4DG@HGSYS$QIOW4tGGGSYS$QIOW4Gb#PSYS$QIOW4G@GSYS$QIOW4GGHSYS$QIOW4Gb#PSYS$QIOW4 H\@HSYS$QIOW4@Ib#PSYS$QIOW4xIGISYS$QIOW4|I@ISYS$QIOW4IG JSYS$QIOW4Jb#PSYS$QIOW4J@ JSYS$QIOW4(JGtJSYS$QIOW48Jb#PSYS$QIOW4pJ@tJSYS$QIOW4]tJGJ DECC$FREE4xJb#P DECC$FREE4J@J DECC$FREE =0!%%DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlocked(=0#%%DFU-S-DELETED, File %s deleted P=8*%%DFU-E-NOTDEL, Error deleting file %s ,=8)%%DFU-E-NOTDEL, Error deleting file %s,=@3%%DFU-E-NOACCESS, Error accessing fi^le for delete=8.%%DFU-S-ENTERED, File %.*s entered in %.*s%s=8/%%DFU-S-BACKDONE, File %.*s backlink repairedH=8.%%DFU-S-MODIFIED, File %s backlink modified x=8*%%DFU-E-SETERR, Error modifying file %s,=@2%%DFU-E-COMMON, VMS$COMMON.DIR backlink is wrong=PB%%DFU-I-COMMON, VMS$COMMON.DIR backlink is okeVMS$COMMON.DIR;1_(=8*%%DFU-W-OPENERR, Error accesing file %s,X=([000000]VMS$COMMON.DIR;1x=(FLUSH_CACHE, status = %d=@5SPEC_USER:[DORLAND.SOURCES.CC.DFUSRC]DFU_ODS2IO.C;6=XO%%DFU-E-READERR, Error reading bitmap,%%DFU-E-BITMAP, Error opening bitmap, =@2%%DFU-E-READERR, Error reading extension header,X=8*%%DF`U-E-GETEF, Error getting event flag,=0! Status : Scanning INDEXF.SYS=@2READ_INDEXF_BITMAP, highest bit : %d, io size %d=H:%%DFU-E-NOVOLSET, One or more volume set members missing(=8/%%DFU-NOTODS, Device is not an ODS2 or 5 diskX=8)%%DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now write locked=h]%%DFU-E-LOCKERR, Error locking volume,a%%DFU-F-TOOMANYVOL, DFU does not allow > 32 volumes=pe%%DFU-E-NOTF11, Device does not have an ODS filesystem%%DFU-E-NODISK, Device is not a disk deviceP=`U%%DFU-E-NOTMNT, Device is not mounted or not available%s : Device %.*s, Error %d =4,%%DFU-E-NOTUNIQ, Device name is not unique =0 ;=0( d;0bSYS$QIOW ;P DECC$CALLOC DECC$FREE; DFU_PRINTF SYS$DASSGN; SOR$END_SORT DECC$FCLOSE L;;=0 ;=P8 u;; SYS$DELTVA;0 SYS$CANcEXH LIB$FREE_EF=0"0F;=`4 ;;COPY_FID`;=0 "C;=@ =0("<;=8  SINGLEMSG= STRINDEX=7.2; DECC$STRNCMP DECC$STRCPYdK;=0" 8;=P,< =0("3;=pD  NAME_TO_DID=]=[=0 "1;=P$< =0 );= 8 7DECC$GA_RMS_FAB! DECC$STRLEN# DECC$STRNCPY% DECC$STRCAT7DECC$GA_RMSe_NAM@' SYS$ASSIGN) DECC$MEMCPY+ SYS$PARSE- SYS$SEARCH=0"$;=@( b;/ TRACE_INFO1 TRACE_FPRINTF=0("`&;=p0 =0"`";=`4 x;  3GET_MAP_POINTERS5 CHECK_ACE=0">fP;=`4 };|;7 LIB$GET_EF7 DFU_IOERR9SYS$QIO;=0"P;=@0| ;~;g;;DECC$GXSPRINTF;c;= SYS$WAITFR{; ? PUT_STATUSA OTS$DIV_UI=0( g`;=h  ; ;CLIB$FFC=E LIB$EXTZV=0H";=p0 GSYS$DEVICE_SCANIADD_ITEM;7 DFU_INDEXERR= OPEN_DEVICE;t;=0";=`P K SYS$GETDVIWw;h7 DFU_ASSIGN7 DFU_EXHFAIL`M SYS$DCLEXH; =4= V4= 4=4= .04= 84=h^VMS$COMMON.DIR;1= i4=V4= 'ww1-;|ۜ0-044 DFU_TABLES0-015-OCT-1998 15:52//OpenVMS Command Definition Utility A05-138 8S Co0 DFU_TABLES S Coh0 CLI$TABLES  =Hh04DEFRDELEDIREEXITHELPREPOSEARSETSPAWUNDEVERI4 | ( dh"+j8,X.<=` (DEFRAGDEFRAG_COMMAND,q&!P1WhatFILE( #=PAGEPAGE,8$NOLOGNOLOG,d%DEVICEDEVICE0&=BESTTRYBESTTRY4) WRITECHECK WRITECHECK4) STATISTICS STATISTICS(=$"LBNLBN,P%BLOCKSBLOCkKS0 'NOVOLSETNOVOLSET=<X (DELETEDELETE_COMMAND0!(P1DEVICEDevice(=#PAGEPAGE0qD&FILE_IDFILE_ID4x( DIRECTORY DIRECTORY0='NOREMOVENOREMOVE,$NOLOGNOLOG(#TREETREE4=0) STATISTICS STlATISTICS(#KEEPKEEPl| =0  D D   D4`=< , DIRECTORYDIRECTORY_COMMAND,q!!P1 DIRECTORY(#P=AGEPAGE,%DEVICEDEVICE,%CREATECREATE0'C=OMmPRESSCOMPRESS4D) STATISTICS STATISTICS0t%OUTPUTOUTFILE,=%FORMATFORMAT(#TESTTEST, $EMPTYEMPTY, = $ALIASALIAS(H #DUMPDUMP0x &RECOVERRECOVER0= 'ALLOCATEALLOCATE4'0TRUNCATETRUNCATE00n * FILL_=FACTORRATIO0&VERSIONVERSION@| ` T |  P =       H   =$ 0 < H T    H  | =   H  o x    =  0 <  H d p H =        =  , 8 t D D` l t x = <p (EXIT EXIT_COMMAND<   (HELP HELP_COMMAND,=!!P1HELPKEY<d 0 (REPORTREPORT_COMMAND0!(=P1DEVICEDevice( #PAGEPAGE, %APPENDAPPEND0 =%OUTPUTOUTFILE,D $GRAPHGRAPH,p %NOFILENOFILE0 q='NOVOLUMENOVOLUME0 'NOBITMAPNOBITMAP, $USAGEUSAGE4= ) STATISTICS STATISTICS <LX   < (=SEARCHSEARCH_COMMAND0!(P1DEVICEDevice(#PAGEPAGE(q= #FILEFILE0qP&EXCLUDEEXCLUDE(rx$OWNERUIC,=$IDENTIDENT4( ALLOCATED ALLOCATED$qLSIZE0=a,'FRAGMENTFRAGMENT<ahL -VERSION_NUMBERVERSION_NUMBER( =#FULLFULL0 &SUMMARYSUMMARY4 ) STATISTICS STATISTICS0$= 'MULTIPLEMULTIPLE<`s-ACE_IDENTIFIERACE_IDENTIFIER,%A=PPENDAPPEND0%OUTPUTOUTFILE,%FORMATFORMAT$ =TYPE(4#SORTSORT0qd`&CREATEDCREATED0q'=MODIFIEDMODIFIED,q4%BACKUPBACKUP0q&EXPIREDEXPIRED0q =t'ACCESSEDACCESSED@q`0/ATTRIBUTE_CHANGEATTRIBUTE_CHANGE@q.C=HARACTERISTICSCHARACTERISTICS,%PLACEDPLACED(#HOMEHOME(="LBNLBN(D"FIDFID,p%BAKFIDBAKFID4= -OVER_ALLOCATEDOVER0!'NOVOLSETNOVOLSET0"u'NOSEARCHNOSE=ARCH,q0#$LIMITLIMITL LIMIT_TYPE0|#NONE LIMIT_NONE0=&MAXIMUM LIMIT_MAX0&MINIMUM LIMIT_MIN CHAR_TYPE4=,( DIRECTORY DIRECTORY0\'NOBACKUPNOBACKUP4) CONTI=GUOUS CONTIGUOUS0&BESTTRYBESTTRY,v%BADACLBADACL0='BADBLOCKBADBLOCK,H$ERASEERASE,t%LOCKEDLOCKED,= %MARKEDMARKED, $SPOOLSPOOL, %NOMOVENOMOVE0=( 'NOCHARGENOCHARGE0X &SCRATCHSCRATCH8* NOSHELVAB=LE NOSHELVABLE4w( ISSHELVED ISSHELVED,$MATCHMATCH = MATCH_TYPE$!OROR P ATT_DATE_TYPE,|#NONEATT_NONE0=$SINCE ATT_SINCE0%BEFORE ATT_BEFORE  ACC_DATE_TYPE,=(#NONEACC_NONE0X$SINCE ACC_SINCE0%BEFORE ACx=C_BEFORE  EXP_DATE_TYPE,#NONEEXP_NONE0$SINCE EXP_SIN=CE0%BEFORE EXP_BEFORE T BAK_DATE_TYPE,#NONEBAK_NONE=0$SINCE BAK_SINCE0%BEFORE BAK_BEFORE  MOD_DATE_TYPE=00$SINCE MOD_SINCE0%BEFORE MOD_yBEFORE  CRE_DATE_TYPE=0$SINCE CRE_SINCE0%BEFORE CRE_BEFOREODS_TYPE(=$#ODS2ODS2(#ODS5ODS5 l VERSION_TYPE0=&MINIMUMVERS_MIN0&MAXIMUMVERS_MAX RETRIEVAL_TYPE0 =&MINIMUMRETR_MIN0z&MAXIMUMRETR_MAXh SIZE_TYPE0=&MINIMUMSIZE_MIN0&MAXIMUMSIZE_MAX< ,` P !\!! "=4"  P x<H  T pT=={ 0 @ (X` p  P = |  L |! !=  h(!4!  D!P! h l!x! =!! !  ! `!! !!" |h =  "(" ` D"P"  \" 8""$+%= (SET SET_COMMAND,1!P1File(s)("#PAGEPAGE0$#=&NEWNAMENEW_NAME0qT#%BAKFIDBACKLINK(|#EBLOCK$=#EBYTE$#FDL}(#RVCOUNT,$= ACCESS_DATE0H$ ATTRIBUTE_DATE,t$  CREATION_DATE,$=  REVISION_DATE0$ EXPIRATION_DATE,$  BACKUP_DATE(=$%$OWNERUIC,P%$IDENTIDENT(x%UPDATE$=%LOG(~%CONFIRM(% DIRECTORY$&=MOVE(8&LOCKED4l&CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY(&=BADACL(&RECSIZE,& BUCKETSIZE('=VFCSIZE(8'MAXREC(`')RECTYPE,q') R=ECATTRIBUTES,'4( ORGANIZATION('IGNORE (IGNORE_KEYWORDS=4( INTERLOCK INTERLOCK(\(ORGANIZATION_KEYWORDS((DIREC=T((INDEXED((RELATIVE, SEQUENTIAL=,,)RECORD_ATTRIBUTES_KEYWORDS(T)FORTRAN(|)IMPLIED$=)PRINT$)NONE(NOSPAN(*REC=ORD_TYPE_KEYWORDS$8*FIXED(`*VARIABLE$*V=FC(* UNDEFINED(*STREAM(*STREAMLF(=STREAMCR8+`++H+T+ $ $%p++++= # t$ P%++++`',)`'T)`'|)`')<= (SPAWN SPAWN_COMMAND@x,,$. , UNDELETE UNDEL_COMMAND0=!(P1DEVICEDevice(,#PAGEPAGE8-#(FILEFILE SYS$OU=TPUT:"(0-$OWNERUIC,\-$IDENTIDENT4-#(LIST=LIST SYS$OUTPUT4-) STATISTICS STATISTICS4-( NOCONFIRM NOCONFIRM,=%MARKEDUNMARK 0.@.L. - 0-<..40 (VERIFY=VERIFY_COMMAND0!(P1DEVICEDevice(.#PAGEPAGE0/=%OUTPUTOUTFILE,H/%APPENDAPPEND(p/#LOCKLOCK(/="FIXFIX8/-DIRECTORY_SCANDIRSCAN00&REBUILDREBUILD=ph4) STATISTICS STATISTICS @0P0\0 / . DEFRAG_COMMAND+ +>DEFRAG_COMMAND DELETE_COMMANDF+ +>DELETE_COMMAND( ( DIRECTORY_COMMANDE_COMM/ />DIRECTORY_COMMANDO  EXIT_COMMANDDIR) ) > EXIT_COMMAND  HELP_COMMANDEXI) ) > HELP_COMMAND  REPORT_COMMANDL+ +P >REPORT_COMMAND  SEARCH_COMMANDP+ +>SEARCH_COMMAND  SET_COMMANDSEA) )> "> SET_COMMANDA " SPAWN_COMMANDET+ +$,> SPAWN_COMMANDD , UNDEL_COMMANDPA+ +d,> UNDEL_COMMANDD ,VERIFY_COMMANDD+ +.>VERIFY_COMMAND ww1 |ۜV1.0DDDFU_UTILV1.015-OCT-1998 15:49DEC C V5.6-003  $ABS$i$CODE$4 $LITERAL$$LINK$0$DATA$$BSS$ $READONLY_ADDR$ $READONLY$HEADERBITMAPBHOMEIOSTAT8RVTRVT_T CLEAN_FLAGS CTX MATDEVICE MATANALYZEMATSTAT MATDEFRAG MATMEMBERMATFULL MATEXTENDMATTRUNCMATPAGEMATMULTDISPFULLMATSUMM MATPLACED MATNOVOLSET MATNOSEARCHMATHOMEMATALLOCMATLBN  MAT_R_MINSIZE  MAT_R_MAXSIZE  MAT_A_MINSIZE  MAT_A_MAXSIZE MATOUTPUTMATNAMEMATEXCL  MATNONEBACKUP MATNONEEXPIRED  MATBEFCREATED  MATSINCREATED MATBEFMODIFIED MATSINMODIFIED  MATBEFBACKUP  MATSINBACKUP  MATBEFEXPIRED  MATSINEXPIRED  MATNONEACCESS  MATBEFACCESS  MATSINACCESS MATNONEATTR MATBEFATTR MATSINATTRMATSORTMATDIR MATBAKFIDMATFIDMATCHARSMATORMATMARKMATUIC MATFRAGMENT MATVERSION MATFORMATMATOVER MATAPPENDMATACEMATODS2MATODS5MATLISTMATREBMATNOLOG MATNOBITMAPMATNOVOL MATNOINDEXMATUSAGEMATGRAPH MATUNMARK  MATNOCONFIRMMATFIXMATLOCK MATMAXSIZEMATCHECKMATALIASMATEMPTY MATREPAIRMATLIMITMATTEST MATTRUNCATEMATDUMPMATTREEMATKEEPTRIGGER SMG$ENABLETRACE_ON  PROGRESS_IND LOCK_CHAN  SOR$GK_RECORD  SOR$M_STABLECTRLCTCHANDISP_IDDISP1_IDDISP2_IDPAGE_ID STATUS_IDPASTE_IDHELP_IDKEYB_IDLBNSTARTLBNCOUNTCLUSTERVOLCOUNTMAXVOLVOLNUMORIG_RVNCURVOLROWSCOLLSHIGHBITIOSIZEVBNHEADERSEFN EXH_STATUS TRACE_LINETRCFP VMSVERSIONOUTBUF LINE_COUNTP TRACE_FILENAMENEWPAGEDECC$GXFPRINTF DECC$GXPRINTFDECC$GXSPRINTFDECC$GXVSPRINTF DECC$TIME DECC$CTIME0J` TRACE_INFO0J TRACE_FPRINTF0JH DFU_NEWPAGE(SMG$PASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY SMG$PUT_CHARS SMG$READ_KEYSTROKE(SMG$UNPASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY0J DFU_PRINTF DECC$STRLEN SMG$PUT_LINE0JSTRINDEX0JPLAST_DOTx x0J PARSE_ITEM DECC$STRCPY CLI$PRESENT CLI$GET_VALUE DECC$ATOI STR$UPCASE DECC$MEMSET DECC$STRCAT SYS$BINTIM PARSE_UIC0J  ADD_ITEM0J  ENCRYPT_NAME0J  DISPLAY_STAT PUT_STATUS0J` DO_ABORT0J  NAME_TO_DID DECC$STRNCMP DECC$STRSTR OTS$HOME_ARGS OTS$DIV_UI =@;#^4G! ^(~08@޴HPXG~#G M"4G! H" (b!Bb"!1 @CCC=GG@Zk¤0GBb@@@@CCG@ZkHBPbCCCGGGG@Zk& vH@ U@ @@`" `5 @4 D4G4GCTGXB"`b4G@ZkƠ8 @G] ](}08@ݤHPX`#kGGG#8> @h^?$ ^! (~4G0G~#G= {[H{ }@ZkBH=bCCtG@ZkxB4Gb3C@Zkp"@0BݦA08b0vH5GJG@Zk⦕J0@8J9vJB7BGB8b#N_CGXbpB eBHxbGGGG@Zkp 0@ `BhbE@CTG@Zk@P B(bE@CtG@ZkG] ](}0p#kG+@!q@B 2@` C.J`."JBp.0@"vJ"qB`.0@JBp."0@vJqB `0@ @ @p.pJ"qB`0@ @?" @TFkGGG% y BB P.""0#PJ"EB@.11 BJՅB.11 BJB/11 BKC 11 By B ,H"@11 B?_"G2FkGGp#GP^_'X^Z#`~&h&p"x޴O"G^G~G޶GGHG ۤ[{@@ >CްTG@ZkPBXbC4G@Zk= vH@BHb!?HCD4G@Zk&&"s"@@HF4GCBE(G\BCkBbCGGtG@ZkG2DGC=CC!?HB"@b=tG@ZkBb@4G@Zkw(bGTGc b#C_GnG#BC$bCCGtG C@Zk"@=@0.r0HQ0J2F0>RBbGGTG@ZkJ@GG _4@N@GG_0B8b@G4GtG@ZkBb1L@GTG@Zk QDPD!0JQ0JT@B@0B`."8btJ0@dB`TG4GtG@Zk QD!PD0JQ0J4@BrPJ2F!BП@CbCGtG0B@Zk"@=@^0.r0HQ0J2F0>C4GGP]X]`}hpxݤ#kGC3@Câ6JBò BbCGGtG@ZkBbGGTG@ZkGcDB$= bCCC8tG@Zk@ `B8 hbCCTG@Zk8}d8G䳶á3@䳳?_ D0. 0HQ 0J2F0>P0. 0HQ 0J2F0>2BJ1v JQF0pkG4!J# B^^5uB ~C(G0G~GGG8@ BG)(.!/#,WJA#A.JY:K"7J"N;1B'K1QB@H8qB9!K`BH! yO0 @RTJ6B HcBGJ2AJ N@:aJ UC@O@@_ `.!"0`B0 @PJcBJ0JN61B@ c?"hb#B @ "]G+@GGGb#@G]] }G(0@#kGGG;#~eC!h^G^GG Pp([0{G2v@J@ZkBbG4G@Zk0PBbD@tG1v H@ZkG]]4G #kGGG(;#~G^#@^TGGG{#K_`BhbF@TG@Zk B(bG4G@ZkG]] #kGG#~^^~ (0G#GP.GGPJD_B9@ B(b8"F@tGtG@Zk1D.$,"DJ0H8!"HABC.!!H CJCC3`1Y@|_#/#K2`d.D#5 CzJC`@/@$.PB P@$JXbL@GG@Zk@BHbC4G@Zk"`,bHEHD<G]]} (0@#kc.S cJrFd.S dJrF.U JFc/[ cKyG:,A :H3D, HE HD<G#^G [~TGG G({@ZkG]4G #k #> @h^G^tGG]"~G#C@[H{C@Zk0B8bG4G@ZkBb 1A@TG@Zk"C0pB0@xbC =4G(=@Zk`"PBCp@}G =(Xb =$@ZkG]]#kDtGSMG$PASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAYDxb#HSMG$PASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAYD@SMG$PASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY4G SMG$PUT_CHARS4b#H SMG$PUT_CHARS4@ SMG$PUT_CHARS<G SMG$READ_KEYSTROKE<b#HSMG$READ_KEYSTROKE<@ SMG$READ_KEYSTROKED`GtSMG$UNPASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAYDhb#HSMG$UNPASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAYDp@tSMG$UNPASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY4G DECC$STRLEN4b# DECC$STRLEN4@ DECC$STRLEN4 G<DECC$GXVSPRINTF4(b#DECC$GXVSPRINTF48@<DECC$GXVSPRINTF4DG` DECC$STRLEN4Pb# DECC$STRLEN4\@` DECC$STRLEN4hG OTS$DIV_UI4xb# OTS$DIV_UI4@ OTS$DIV_UI4!G  SMG$PUT_LINE4"b# SMG$PUT_LINE4!@  SMG$PUT_LINE4$G< DECC$GXPRINTF4 (b# DECC$GXPRINTF48@< DECC$GXPRINTF4DGdDECC$GXFPRINTF4Lb#DECC$GXFPRINTF4`@dDECC$GXFPRINTF4lG DECC$STRCPY4pb# DECC$STRCPY4@ DECC$STRCPY4G DECC$STRLEN4b# DECC$STRLEN4@ DECC$STRLEN41G CLI$PRESENT42b# CLI$PRESENT41@ CLI$PRESENT4-(GD CLI$GET_VALUE4.,b# CLI$GET_VALUE4-@@D CLI$GET_VALUE4-lG CLI$GET_VALUE4.tb# CLI$GET_VALUE4-@ CLI$GET_VALUE4)G DECC$ATOI4*b# DECC$ATOI4)@ DECC$ATOI4-G CLI$GET_VALUE4.b# CLI$GET_VALUE4-@ CLI$GET_VALUE4+0GH STR$UPCASE4,4b# STR$UPCASE4+D@H STR$UPCASE4/pG DECC$MEMSET40tb# DECC$MEMSET4/@ DECC$MEMSET4%G DECC$STRCAT4&b# DECC$STRCAT4%@ DECC$STRCAT4/G DECC$MEMSET40b# DECC$MEMSET4/@ DECC$MEMSET4-$GP CLI$GET_VALUE4.0b# CLI$GET_VALUE4-L@P CLI$GET_VALUE4-G CLI$GET_VALUE4.b# CLI$GET_VALUE4-@ CLI$GET_VALUE4' G SYS$BINTIM4( b# SYS$BINTIM4' @ SYS$BINTIM 4-8 Gd CLI$GET_VALUE4.H b# CLI$GET_VALUE4-` @d CLI$GET_VALUE43l G PARSE_UIC44t b# PARSE_UIC43 @ PARSE_UIC4 G DECC$GXSPRINTF4 b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 @ DECC$GXSPRINTF4# G PUT_STATUS4$ b# PUT_STATUS4# @ PUT_STATUS4 G8 DECC$GXPRINTF4 $ b# DECC$GXPRINTF44 @8 DECC$GXPRINTF4 G DECC$GXSPRINTF4 b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 @ DECC$GXSPRINTF4# G PUT_STATUS4$ b# PUT_STATUS4# @ PUT_STATUS4, GH DECC$STRNCMP40 b# DECC$STRNCMP4D @H DECC$STRNCMP4 G DECC$GXSPRINTF4 b#DECC$GXSPRINTF4 @ DECC$GXSPRINTF4 G DECC$STRLEN4 b# DECC$STRLEN4 @ DECC$STRLEN4G DECC$STRCPY4{#` DECC$STRCPY4@ DECC$STRCPY40G@DECC$GXVSPRINTF44b#DECC$GXVSPRINTF4<@@DECC$GXVSPRINTF4 @GX DECC$TIME4Db# DECC$TIME4 T@X DECC$TIME4 XGt DECC$STRSTR4 \b# DECC$STRSTR4 p@t DECC$STRSTR4G DECC$CTIME4b# DECC$CTIME4@ DECC$CTIME4GDECC$GXFPRINTF4b#DECC$GXFPRINTF4@DECC$GXFPRINTFN N=6.RETURN/SPACE=More, CTRL/Z=Quit, CTRLC/Y=Abort 0= %8.8s, %s (%d) %.*s H=H: %%DFU-W-ABORTED , command cancelled by CTRL/C or CTRL/Z=(Encrypt_name %.*s (%d) %d=@4SPEC_USER:[DORLAND.SOURCES.CC.DFUSRC]DFU_UTIL.C;40=@4%%DFU-E-PARSEERR, Value must be a positive integer=( (T 8l l(SMG$PASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY SMG$PUT_CHARS;y;;n;g;=0";=`8 ;l;p;;a; SMG$READ_KEYSTROKE(SMG$UNPASTE_VIRTUAL_DISPLAY;0; DECC$STRSTR8 OTS$HOME_ARGS=]=0 ;=( ; DECC$TIME DECC$GXVSPRINTFDECC$GXFPRINTF;P DECC$CTIME=0";= (  DECC$STRCPY=0;=0  ;=@$<  DECC$STRNCMP=7.2; DECC$STRLENDECC$GXSPRINTF=[%d,%d,%d%.*s=0 ;=p0 ;=%s @ OTS$DIV_UIz;j;;p DECC$GXPRINTF! SMG$PUT_LINE=0 ` ;= ( # PUT_STATUS==0" ;=( , %.*s %.*s =0# ;=@0 b;=0 ;=;*@% DECC$STRCAT' SYS$BINTIM) DECC$ATOI+ STR$UPCASE- CLI$GET_VALUE=0P";=@| ;/ DECC$MEMSET1 CLI$PRESENT=;3 PARSE_UIC= =0P; ==== =(= < <=-4 Hww1|ۜV1CC PARSE_UICV115-OCT-1998 15:52AMAC V3.0-23  . ABS . . BLANK . $ABS$( TPARSE_DATA _LIB$STATE$ _LIB$KEY0$ _LIB$KEY1$CODEP$LINKAGE0  UIC_STATELIB$TABLE_PARSE( UIC_KEY0J PARSE_UIC$ $$= \ \=E$f4= t t=>C~ ^(^0 G8G(GCGBtG.J0MG@tGHm B@M=8-@Zk=($עѲG (^08Ck`/V `KF4`m#LIB$TABLE_PARSE4hGxLIB$TABLE_PARSE4t@xLIB$TABLE_PARSE =0 ;=@ =";;; LIB$TABLE_PARSE"" ww0[SYS$STARTUP]DFU$STARTUP.COMDAnQqgplIHIlJ$! Install DFU.EXE with BYPASS3$! Still users need to have DFU_ALLPRIV identifier 1$! to use the special privileged functions of DFU)$ if f$file("sys$system:dfu.exe","known")$ then&$ install replace sys$system:dfu.exe$ elseA$ install create sys$system:dfu.exe/share/open/head/priv=bypass$ endif$ exit0[SYSHLP]DFU026.DECW$BOOK0/0*:<bOޜޜ//lIHIlJ>EJ -> DFU I2.6EE:ޜDFU026_FREE @ Contents-B*=DECdocument V3.1h/ gCONTENTSCONTENTS8 E\TitlePageTitle Page@E\ CopyrightPageCopyright Page@g$K1 Introduction1 Introduction Rw' $K1.1&KSupportonDFU1.1 Support on DFU[w+ $K1.2&KGeneral description1.2 General description{w&= $K1.30&KNewfeaturesandbugfixesofV2.61.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6lg 4 $L1.4'&L Restrictionsand Parameters1.4 Restrictions and Parameterswg%: $L1.5-&L RestrictionsonFAST-IOfeatures1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features$;w $K2UsingDFU2 Using DFU'aw. $K2.1!&K Installation procedure2.1 Installation procedure(\w, $K2.2&KSecurityandaccess2.2 Security and access2Kw# $K2.3&KRunningDFU2.3 Running DFU9nw 6 $K2.4)&KUsinganindirectfilelist2.4 Using an indirect file list?[w(($K3TheSMGoutput interface3 The SMG output interfaceAaw. $K3.1!&KEnabling/DisablingSMG3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMGBw2J $L3.2=&L Automatic switchingbetweenSMGandLinemode3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line modeChw3 $K3.3&&KLayoutoftheSMGscreen3.3 Layout of the SMG screenDdw0 $K3.4#&KSpecialScreencommands3.4 Special Screen commandsHMg$ $K3.5&KSideeffects3.5 Side effectsN=g $K4DFUbasics4 DFU basicsPEg$K5ODS-5features5 ODS-5 features\4g $L6DEFRAG6 DEFRAG`Jw" $K6.1&K Description6.1 DescriptionaQw& $K6.2&KErrormessages6.2 Error messagesd/gEKDEFRAGDEFRAGg4g $K7DELETE7 DELETErLg# $K7.1&K Introduction7.1 Introductions/gELDELETEDELETEx:g $K8 DIRECTORY8 DIRECTORYLg# $L8.1&L Introduction8.1 Introduction}w(= $K8.20&K Discussionof directory compression8.2 Discussion of directory compressionWw) $K8.3&KOutput formatting8.3 Output formatting5g EK DIRECTORYDIRECTORY4g $K9REPORT9 REPORTJw" $K9.1&K Description9.1 DescriptionXw* $L9.2&LSyntaxandOutput9.2 Syntax and Output/gEKREPORTREPORT6g $K10SEARCH10 SEARCHNg$$K10.1&K Introduction10.1 IntroductionZw+$K10.2&KSyntaxandOutput10.2 Syntax and Outputbw/$K10.3!&KVolumeSet processing10.3 Volume Set processingYw*$L10.4&LOutput formatting10.4 Output formattingsw#8$L10.5*&LUICand identifier processing10.5 UIC and identifier processing/gEKSEARCHSEARCH0g$K11SET11 SETNg$$K11.1&K Introduction11.1 Introductionsw#8$K11.2*&KUICand identifier processing11.2 UIC and identifier processing)g  EKSETSET:g $K12UNDELETE12 UNDELETE8Ng$$L12.1&L Introduction12.1 Introduction9jw3$L12.2%&LFile specificationsyntax12.2 File specification syntax<\g,$K12.3&KHowUndeleteworks12.3 How Undelete works>gg2$K12.4$&KFilesmarkedfordelete12.4 Files marked for deleteG3g EKUNDELETEUNDELETEH4g $K13SPAWN13 SPAWNT6g $L14VERIFY14 VERIFYUNg$$L14.1&L Introduction14.1 IntroductionV`w.$K14.2 &KBasicrepairactions14.2 Basic repair actions[fw1$K14.3#&KAdvancedrepairactions14.3 Advanced repair actions^[w+$K14.4&K Directoryscanning14.4 Directory scanningb]w,$K14.5&K Interpretingerrors14.5 Interpreting errorseUw($L14.6&LError reporting14.6 Error reportingf/gELVERIFYVERIFY{d:* Copyright1998 ~AllRights Reserved.=ODFUI2.6pFFODFUDisk/File UtilitiesforOpenVMSVAXandAlpharH ORevision Information:(^Thismanual supersedesV2.5P&ODate:^October1998h>O OperatingSystem:"^OpenVMSV6.2thru7.2d:ONote:+^PartoftheFreewareSoftwarekk '!   O8OOpenVMSFreewareforVAXandAXPSystemsbOxTheOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMcontainsfreesoftwaretoolsand utilitiestoaid^Osoftware developersincreating applicationsandmanagingandusingOpenVMSOsystems.fOManyofthesetoolsarepopularpackagesalreadywidelyknownandinuse,whilemOothersare internally developedDigitaltoolsour engineersaremaking availabletoour^OOpenVMS customers.'Forexample,theOpenVMSFreewareCD-ROMincludesBliss-[O_32forOpenVMSVAX,Bliss-32forOpenVMSAXP,andBliss-64forOpenVMSOAXP.h1.J/LIMIT=(minimum:n,maximum:m):.ListallIY directorieswithadefaultfileversionlimitbetweennYandm.N2.J/FULLwillnowalsolistthelastaccessdateandlast+Y attributedate(VMS7.2only)Kp3.J QualifierstosearchforthenewVMS7.2datefields6Y:,/ACCESS=(BEFORE=date)|* SINCE=date)and/Y!/ATTRIB=(BEFORE=date'|& SINCE=date).E4.J /TYPE=ODS2(|(ODS5:)searchforspecificODS2or$YODS5typefileheaders. `xGxSET:New qualifierstosetthenewV7.2filedates;:. /ACCESS=date, /NOACCESSand /ATTRIB=date,) /NOATTRIB `=REPORTnowreportstheEraseand/or Highwatermarking attributes. `G Directory processingisnow optimizedbyusingFast-IO>featuresofVMS(7.1andhigher,Alphaonly). `XCXVERIFYwillnowdetectandrepair(/FIX)abroken&backlinktoVMS$COMMON.DIR `0Q0The diskquotalist restrictionof750entrieshasbeenlifted;BDFUnowsupportsan unlimitednumberof diskquotaentries. `a Da AllcommandshavebeenenhancedwithpagingsupportD (/PAGE qualifier).+ThisonlyworksinSMGmodeandA allowstheoutputtobe presentedpagebypage.f< 5 `mHmDIRECTORY/ALIASdidnotreportaliasfilesinthesame directory. `EAEDIRECTORY/COMPRESScouldsetthe directorybiton non-directoryfiles. `; SEARCH/ACEdidnotreportmatchingACE'sinv extensionheaders.* ne,O1.4B Restrictionsand Parameters9OUTheDFUprogramhasafew restrictions:` `mCmDFUcannothandlevolumesetswithmorethan32members.! ^IOThe followingminimumprocessquotasare recommendedforODFUusage:$ `mmWSQUOTA:1500 `WSEXTENT:3000 `llDIOLM:40 `ASTLM:40 `kkFILLM:40 `BYTLM:30000 `ii PGFLQUOTA:30000 NIOIfyouuseDFUonvolumesetswithalargenumberofGOmembersyoumayneedtoincreasetheSYSGEN parameterO5 CHANNELCNT.!NKOIfyouusethe directorycommandonverylarge directoryNOfiles(>1000blocks)andrunintoerrorsyoumayneedto/O5increasethe following parameters:E" `mGmWSQUOTAatleast1000+size-of-largest directoryfile `2WSEXTENT:WSQUOTA+atleast1000 `l:lCTLPAGES(SYSGEN parameter):'atleast100 `<WSMAX(SYSGEN parameter):&atleastWSEXTENT# NOODonotchange parametersunlessyourunintoerrorssuchas9OEXCEEDEDQUOTAor INSUFFICIENTWORKINGSETO5LIMITS.$ 2O1.5B RestrictionsonFAST-IOfeaturesFOUVMS7.1 introducedawaytoimproveI/O performance,LOcalledFAST-IO.ThisfeaturedoesonlyworkonAlpha.'DFULOwilltrytoperform directory processingusingFAST-IO.IfNO^thisfailsDFUwillswitchbackto'normal'I/O.Toenable=OFAST-IOthe following conditionsmustbemet:_%5 `m=mTheusermusthavethe identifier VMS$BUFFER_ OBJECT_USERgranted. `EMETheremustbe sufficientfreeBufferobjectspace.(Thisis:governedbytheSYSGEN parameter MAXBOBMEM.<DFUmayrequireupto1000 MAXBOBMEMpages.&N>OIfDFUcan useFAST-IOthen commands suchasAO DIR/ALIAS, DIR/VERSIONand VERIFY/DIRwillgaina+O510-15% performance improvement.'O 2.2Using!DFULOThischapter describesthe installation procedureandother8OactionswhichmustbetakentorunDFU. ( &O2.1B Installation procedure?OUDFUmustbe installedwiththePRODUCTINSTALLJOutility.'Duringthe installationPRODUCTINSTALLdoestheO following:%)  `m=mMovesthe documentationtoSYS$HELP (Optional) `RelinksDFU `lDlCreatesthe DFU_ALLPRIV identifierneededtoperformCthespecial privileged functions.'(Seechapter2.2)l*BBOTheDFUutilityinfactcontainsjust2files:+t6Om1.JSYS$SYSTEM:DFU.EXE:theDFUprogram>O2.JSYS$HELP:DFUHLP.HLB:theon-linehelpfile2,EOThe installationnolonger offers an opportunity forNOprivate installation.*Ifyoudon'twantDFUtobe availableBO5 systemwideyoumustmanuallymoveDFU.EXEandthe3Ohelpfiletoyourprivate directory.-! oOOToinstallDFUloginintoa privilegedaccount.*Next,copyQOthe.PCSI installationkittodisk:[directory](maybeanywherePO5onyoursystem).)Notethattherearetwo differentkits,oneHOfortheVAXandonefortheAlpha architecture,named7ODEC-VAXVMS-DFU-V0206-1.PCSIand DEC-AXPVMS-BO>DFU-V0206-1.PCSI.Nextenterthe followingcommand::O$&Product%Install%DFU/SOURCE=disk:[directory]7OMThe% following&product%has&been% selected: ODEC%VAXVMS&DFU%V2.6-ODo%you%want%to% continue?%[YES] . BOIfyouenterYESthe installationwillproceed:PO****%DEC&VAXVMS%DFU%V2.6:%Disk%and%File% Utilities%for&OpenVMSNDo%you&want%all&the%default&values%for%this%product?%[YES]/ LOIfyouenterYESDFUwillbe installedwithallmanuals.MOIfyouenterNOyouwillbepromptedforthemanualsyouSO5wanttoinstall.'Finally,ProductInstallwillcontinuewiththeO installation:8O3%PCSIUI-I-DONEASK,% execution&phase&starting7O{The% following&product%will%be% installed: ODEC%VAXVMS&DFU%V2.6WO,%PCSI-I-VOLINFO,& estimated%space% information%for%volume&DISK$OPENVMSVAXIOt-PCSI-I-VOLSPC,%93% required;&373793% available;&373700%netAOPortion&Done:&'0%...10%...20%...30%...70%...80%...100%8OGThe% following&product%has&been% installed: ODEC%VAXVMS&DFU%V2.60! LOIfyou installedDFUsystemwideyoumaymanuallyexecute=OSYS$STARTUP:DFU$STARTUP.COMonanynodeintheAO5cluster.( ExecutingDFU$STARTUP.COMaddsDFU.EXEtoPOthe installedfilelistandthusimproves performance.)ifyouNOwantDFU Installedeachtimethesystembootsyoumustadd?O>thecommand@SYS$STARTUP:DFU$STARTUPtothefile(OSYS$STARTUP:SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM.1JONextyoumustgrantanyDFUuser includingyourselftheJO DFU_ALLPRIV identifiersiftheymustbeabletouseallIO5DFU functions.-Seechapter2.2forthemeaningofthisO identifier.ɴ2 NV$O2.2BSecurityandaccessJOUDFUhassome functionswhichmustnotbemade availableJOforgeneralusage.+ ThereforeDFUhasacertaingroupofIOcommandswhichrequiretheusertobegrantedtheDFU_HO^ALLPRIV qualifier.'The DFU_ALLPRIV identifieriscreatedNOduringthe installation procedure.*Toenableausertoper-LOformthesespecial functionsthesystemmanagermustgrant*Ohthis identifierasfollows:O$&mc& authorize/O5UAF>&grant/id& DFU_ALLPRIV&username3GOIfthe DFU_ALLPRIV identifierisnotgrantedthentheusers.m6CCOAllDFU functionsneedSYSPRVorBYPASS privilege.}7SO IMPORTANT n*** IMPORTANT *** IMPORTANT(8 BOPleasenotethattheDFU$STARTUP.COM procedurein-JOstallsDFU.EXEwithBYPASS privilege.(BecauseofthenewFO5SPAWNcommandyoumustnotgrantnon-privilegedusersGOthe DFU_ALLPRIV identifier.* OtherwisetheycangettheHOBYPASS privilegesimplybyusingtheSPAWNcommand.'As?O>a workaroundyoucanchangetheDFU$STARTUP.COMCO proceduretoremovethe/BYPASS privilegefromtheOINSTALLcommand.??9fO2.3BRunningDFU*OUTorunDFUyoucanenter:!O$&RUN%disk:[mydir]DFUq:!G3Oor(ifDFUis installed systemwide):O$&MC&DFU;iMOYoucanalsodefineanduseasymbolforDFUasfollows:&O$&DFU%==%"$disk:[dir]DFU"OP$&DFU<$ODFUnowpromptswith:=Disk%and%File% Utilities%for&OpenVMS%DFU&V2.6PFreeware%version? Copyright&(C)%1998&DIGITAL% Equipment& CorporationODFU> = 5EOYoucannowenterDFU commands.*HELPgivesyouon-HOlinehelp.*AftereachcommandDFUreturnstotheDFU>IO5prompt.-Youcanrecallandedit commands,justaswithNODCL(20commandswillbestoredintherecallbuffer).)UseIOEXITorCTRL/ZtoleaveDFU.IfyouuseasymbolforLO>DFU,youalsoprocessasinglecommandandreturntoDCLO immediately:'O$DFU&SEARCH%disk/qualifiersd>:FODuringaDFUrun,youcan interruptDFUwithCTRL/CLOorCTRL/Y.These interruptsarecaughtbyDFUtoallowaGO5correctrundownofthecurrentcommand.*Itmaythere-MOforetakesometimebeforeDFUrespondstoaCTRL/CorYO interrupt.5?=^.O2.4BUsinganindirectfilelist@OUThereare3 commands, DIRECTORY,DEFRAGandSETLOwhichacceptanindirectfileasinput parameter.,ThisisSOachievedbyusingthe@sign.*Anindirectfileisafilecon-VO^tainingalistofvalid filenames(eachlineinsuchafilemustPOcontainexactlyone filename).(Suchindirectfilescanbethe;OoutputfileoftheDFUSearchcommandeg.:O$&DFU8ODFU>&SEARCH% mydisk/CHAR=DIRECTORY/OUTPUT=x.x(O$DFU>&DIRECTORY/COMPRESS%@x.x*@A! r)O 3.2The!SMG!output" interfaceEODFUusesSMG(Screen management routines)toperformOOoutputforan interactiveDFUsession.'Thischapter describesJOBthelayoutoftheDFUscreen,thespecialcommandsusedROonlyintheSMG interfaceandotheritemswithrespecttotheOSMG interface.B)&O3.1BEnabling/DisablingSMGIOUDFU automaticallyselectsSMGoutputifyourunanin-JO teractiveDFUsessiononaterminalor workstationwhichJOsupportsSMG.Inabatchjoboranon-DECterminalDFUPO^willusenormallineorientedoutput.)Youcan explicitlydis-COableSMGbydefiningthelogical DFU$NOSMGtoanyOvalue.C BO3.2B Automatic switchingbetweenSMGandLinemodeLOUYoumayprefertoperform interactiveDFUsessionsinSMGJOmode,andsingleDFUcommandsinnormallinemode.(ThisKOcanbedonebyusingthecommand procedurelistedbelow:AOo$!% Procedure%to%switch&beteen%SMG%and&line%modeO$&DFU%=&"$DFU"O$&if&p1&.eqs.&""OG$&then O $!Interactive&session0O$& define/user& sys$input% sys$commandO$&dfuOg$&else-O$!Single%command&so&disable%SMG&O$& define/user& dfu$nosmg%x@O?$&dfu%'p1'&'p2'%'p3'%'p4'&'p5'%'p6'%'p7'&'p8'O$&endifO$&exitt>>AD "+O3.3BLayoutoftheSMGscreenBOUAfterstartingDFUthescreenlooksasfollows:[O+-----------------------<&DFU%V2.6& (Freeware)%>-----------------------------+ O"| d "|@Oi|Disk&and%File& Utilities%for%OpenVMS%DFU%V2.6 d i|O|Freeware%version d |@O| Copyright%%1998&DIGITAL% Equipment& Corporation d | OA| d A|#O|DFU% functions&are%: d | O| d |-O| DEFRAGMENT&:% Defragment%files d |OOa|DELETE:%Delete&files&by&File-ID;&delete% directory%(trees) d a|2O| DIRECTORYK:% Manipulate% directories d |;O|REPORT:%Generate%a%complete%disk&report d |*O9|SEARCH:%Fast%file&search d 9|O|SET%:%Modify&file% attributes d |1O|UNDELETEp:%Recover%deleted&files d |;O|VERIFY:%Check%and&repair%disk& structure d | OY| d Y| O| d |WOM+----------------------------------Statistics-------------------------------+ O1| d 1| Oy| d y|WOM+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+t DFU>aE77OThisscreenisdividedinto3 sections:XF. `mNmMainScreen:)thetoppartofthescreenisusedfortheAoutputfromDFU commands.*Also broadcastmessages&aresendtothiswindow. `J Statistics:,thelowerpartcontains statisticsfromtheBcurrentcommand.*DuringmostofthecommandsthisLOscreenwillcontainaprogress indicatorandastatusfor thecurrentcommand. `'K'DFUprompt:(thebottomlineisusedastheinputcom-mandline.*GttHnu(O3.4BSpecialScreencommandsMOUInSMGmodethe followingkeysperformspecial functions:I `mDmDO:invokesa subprocess(sameastheSPAWNcom-mand) `EFEHELPorPF2:+invokesaspecialSMGwindowforthehelpcommand. `)CTRL/W:redrawsthescreen `APF4:1createsa>screendumpintothefileDFU_ SCREEN.TXT `t>tPREVSCREEN:Scrollsbacktheoutputscreen. `@NEXTSCREEN:Scrollsforwardtheoutputscreen `s3sINSERTHERE:Scrollsbackoneline `0REMOVE:Scrollsforwardoneline `q=qSELECT:Togglesbetween80and132columns.J! WPOAlthoughonlysome20linesarevisibleintheoutput(main)IOscreenDFUinfact remembers500outputlines.+YoucanKO5scrollbackandforwardthroughonescreenwiththeNEXTEOandPREVSCREENkeys,andonelinewiththeREMOVEJOandINSERTHEREkeys.'Atthe beginningofeachnewDFU.O>commandtheselinesarecleared.KLOIfyouexecuteacommandwhichproducesalotofoutput,LOyoucanpaginatetheoutputbyusingthe/PAGE qualifier.*LFOOna workstationwithDECwindows/MotifyoucanchangeKOtheDECtermsizetobemorethanthestandard24lines.JO5DFU'sSMGscreenwill automaticallyadjusttothescreen%OsizeofsuchaDecTerm.*MN! )O3.5BSideeffectsLOUThereareafewsideeffectswhenusingSMGmode.&CTRL/CIOandCTRL/Yarecatchedbutnotechoed.-Alsoallbroad-OOcastmessagesaretrappedandwillbe displayedinthemainJO^screenattheendofthecurrentDFUcommand.( SometimesJOthismayslightlydisruptthemainscreen,whichcanbe+OrepairedwiththeCTRL/Wkey.O! NLOFurther,duringthe executionofaDFUcommandthecursorLOwill disappear.*Afterthecommandfinishesthecursorwill*O5reappearattheDFU>prompt.,, P[O 4.2DFU!basicsRONote:*thischapterismeantforfirsttimeusersofDFU.IfIOyoualreadyusedDFUbeforeyoumayprobablyskipthisOBchapter.Q NLOThischaptergivesabriefoverviewofthecommandswhichNOcanbeusedwithDFU,andhowtheycanprovidethesystem5O5managerwiththe necessary information.&R JOOneofmostcommonactionsbyasystemmanageristry-UOingtolocatespecificfileseg.-fileswithacertainfilesize.JO5AlthoughalotcanbedonewiththeVMS DIRECTORYcom-POmandthiscanbeatime consumingprocess, especiallyiftheFOcompletediskmustbescanned.)TheSEARCHcommandofSO>DFUisexactlymeantforthis situation.'ItgivesaveryquickVOlistofspecificfiles,withtheirsize,andifneededthenumberFOoffile fragments.'SomeusefulSEARCHcommandsare:HOtDFU>&SEARCH%disk/SIZE=MINIMUM=1000&(files%>&1000%blocks)EODFU>&SEARCH%disk/IDENT=SYSTEM%(files%owned%by%SYSTEM)YODFU>&SEARCH%disk/FRAGMENT=MINIMUM=10%(files&with%at%least%10% fragments)KOLDFU>&SEARCH%disk/CHAR=MARKED&(all%files%marked&for%delete)]ODFU>&SEARCH%disk/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY&(all%files%created%since% YESTERDAY)SWKOOfcoursethese qualifierscanbecombinedtonarrowtheDOsearch.)AstheSEARCHcommandscans INDEXF.SYS,notHO5 directories,theoutput generatedbySEARCHmaylookaTObitrandom(butitisjusttheorderinwhichthefileheadersMOareinthe INDEXF.SYSfile).)TosmooththeoutputusetheO>/SORT qualifier.T! MOAnother importantactionforasystemmanageristogatherOOsomeoveralldisk information,suchasnumberoffiles,freeJO5space statisticsand fragmentation information.&TheREPORTLOcommandwillgeneratesuchadiskreport.)Togetindivid-OOualdiskspaceusage informationthe/USAGE qualifiercanbeTO>used.'ThiswillworkevenifthereisnodiskquotaenabledonOthedisk.DUJOAtregular intervalsasystemmanagermayneedtocheckAOadiskwith ANALYZE/DISK.TheDFUVERIFYcommandNO5providesmoreorlessthesame functionalitybutmanytimesHOfaster.+The/FIX qualifierprovidessomeREPAIRoptionsBOwhich(unlikeANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR)doNOTlocktheNO>disk,andthusdonot interferewithotherdisk operations.KOHowever,thediskcanberebuilt completelybyusingtheO/REBUILD qualifier.V iSO Occasionalyauserwilldeletethewrongfile,leavingthesys-MOtemmanageroroperatorwiththetedioustaskof restoringGO5thefilefromabackupset.(TheUNDELETEcommandmayTObeabletorecoverthefileifithasnotyetbeen overwrittenJOwithanewone.,MuchcarehasbeentakentomakethisLO>commandassafeas possible; thereforenodisk corruptionsJOwillbetheresultofan UNDELETE.IfDFU encountersaNOproblemwithadeletedfileitwillrefusetoUNDELETEit.7W  LOAnothertypeoftypicalsystemmanagerproblemsdealswith?O directories.,TheDFUcommand DIRECTORYcanhan-HO5dlesuch problems.( DIRECTORYcangeneratereportsaboutIOempty directories(/EMPTY qualifier)or directorieswhichMOcontainfileswithacertainnumberofversions (/VERSION=nIO> qualifier).-Also, directoriesmaybecome internallyfrag-GOmented.*Thiscanbequicklysolvedwiththe /COMPRESSO qualifier.EX LOAsecondproblemwith directoriesisindeletingadirec-JOtorywithmanyfiles.,ThismaytakeseveralhoursusingO5aDCLDELETE @* 5. @*165command.+Thisproblemissolvedby=OusingDFU'sDELETE/DIRECTORYcommandwhichcanPOdeletelarge directoriessome10timesfasterthanthenormal?O>DELETEcommanddoes.*Also,usingDELETE/DIR/TREEOOwilldeleteacomplete directorytreewithjustonecommand.YJOThelast2commandsdealwith individualfiles.,SETal-JOlowssettingsofsomespecialfile attributes..SinceVMSJO5V6.0this functionalityisalsoprovidedbytheDCLSETAOFILE/ATTRIBUTEcommand,butDFU'sSETofferssomeJOmoreoptions.(TheDEFRAGcommandisan interfacetotheGO>MOVEFILEfunctionofferedbyVMS5.5andhigher.)ThisDOallowsasimpledefragmentationof individualfiles.ZnOOThenextchaptersgivesadetailed descriptionofeachindi-OvidualDFUcommand.*[\ nO 5.2ODS-5!featuresKOVMS7.2 introducesan extensiononthecurrentODS2fileKOsystem,calledtheExtendedFileSpecifications,orODS-5.MOBThisfeatureis availableonlyonAlphasystems.*Also,VMSTO7.2addssupportfor255levelsofsubdirectories.(ThisisoftenKOcalleddeep-directorysupport.*BothfeaturesarenowfullyJOL supportedbyDFUV2.6.+ThereisnoneedtoperformanyHOspecialactiontoexecuteDFUcommandsonODS-5disks.NO Neverthelessthe followingpointsareworthtobe considered>OUbeforeusingDFUonVMS7.2andODS-5disks:]dKOm1.JItishighly recommendedtoaddthe followingcommandto LOGIN.COM:(K$%SET%PROCESS/PARSE=EXTENDED^ GWThisallowseasyusageofthenewfilenamingschemeH(suchas lower-case character,multipledotsinafilename).PO2.JFilenamescanbecomelarge,eithertroughthefilename,Iorbecausewecanhave255levelsofsubdirectories.+AH9filenamelongerthan255 characterswillbe abbreviated+intoa so-calledDID-edname._NNOADID-ednamelookslike'device:[x,y,z]file.ext'.+AscanbeNOseenthe directorystringhasbeenreplacedbythefileid.O5(x,y,z)oftheparent directory.o`O 6.2DEFRAGCOThischapter describestheDEFRAGcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.a nO6.1B DescriptionHOUTheDEFRAGcommandcanbeusedto defragmentasingleSOfileoragroupoffiles.)Youcanalsoenteranindirectcom-UOmandfile containingalistoffiles.(ThisfeatureallowsyoutoOO^createanoutputfilewithSEARCHandusethatasaninputOtoDEFRAG.b NFODEFRAGmakesuseofthefile-primitiveMOVEFILEfunc-LOtion.* Thereforefileswhichareopen,orwhicharemarked.O5NOMOVEwillnotbe DEFRAGmented.*c dn_O6.2BErrormessagesAOUThemostcommonerrorsreturnedbyDEFRAGare:e `m8m ACCONFLICT:Fileisopenbyanotheruser `A DEVICEFULL:Devicehasnotenough contiguousfree,Espacetomovetheentirefile `7 FILNOTACC:FilehasbeensettoNOMOVE. `DCD FILENUMCHK:Youtriedtomoveareservedfile(eg INDEXF.SYS). `CRMSErrors:-Almostalwayscausedbyaninvalidor$twrongfile specifcation.*f   !:gODEFRAG*hoiEEO Defragmentafileoralistoffilesonthedisk.`j6OFormat&OsDEFRAGMfile1,file2,@file...kkAO ParametersOsfile1,file2,@file...POThefile(s)tobe defragmented.)YoucanalsouseanindirectRO$commandfile(@file)whichcontainsalistoffilestobede-LO| fragmented.)Thismaybeanoutputfile generatedwiththe!O SEARCH/OUTPUTcommand.l! O QualifiersOs/BESTTRYNONormallyDEFRAGtriestocreatea contiguousfile.)IfthereOO$isnotenough contiguousfreespacethe operationwillfail.LO|Withthe/BESTTRY qualifierDEFRAGtriestomovethefileHOwiththecontiguous-best-trymethod.)Thismeansamaxi-OO-mumof3 fragments.'Youshouldonlyusethis qualifierwhenGOanormalDEFRAGfails.)IfaDEFRAG/BESTTRYalsofailsROthisisan indicationthatthedisk'sfreespaceistoofrag-JO7mented.(RunaREPORTtoseewhatthelargest contiguousOOfreespaceis,andcheckthefreespace fragmentationindex.%mO/DEVICELO(Thedeviceonwhichthefilesreside.,ThedevicenameisROaddedtothefilename.+IfyougenerateafilelistwiththeGODFUSEARCHcommandyoudon'tneedthis qualifierany-LO2more.*HoweveryoumayhavealistoffilesproducedfromPOanothersourceandthusneedtoappendadevicenametoit.OExample:;hDFU>%SEARCH&#mydisk/...../frag=min=50/output=x.xDFU>%DEFRAG&@x.xn#O/LBN=logical-block-numberTO(Forcesasinglefiletobemovedtothe specifiedlogicalblockOOnumber.*Donotusethis qualifierwhen processingalistofOfiles.oO /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.pO /WRITECHECKMO(Performa writecheckonthe resultantfile.+ThedefaultisAO/NOWRITECHECK.Notethata writecheckdoublesthe,OnumberofinvolveddiskI/O's.*q! "rO 7.2DELETECOThischapter describestheDELETEcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.  "!#snZO7.1B Introduction?OUTheDELETEcommandisdesignedfor2 purposes:~t! TQOm1.JDeleteafilebyfileid(withthe/FILE qualifier).,ThisO functionalityisneededtobeabletodeletefileswhichnoLlongerhaveaparent directory.)Thisway'lost'filesandIw (sometimes)filesmarkedfordeletecanberemovedfromadisk.NOO2.JAfastmethodtodeleteacomplete directoryorevenaD directorytree(withthe /DIRECTORYand/TREEqual-Oifier).)Firstallentriesofa directoryaredeletedwithoutMYremovingthe directoryentry;thissavesalotofunnec-Lessary directoryupdates.*Finallythe directoryfileitselfK isdeleted,unlessthe/KEEP qualifierisused.*ThiswayHba directoryiscleanedupmanytimesfasterthanwiththeDCLDELETE * . **command.,Onlarge directoriesIDFUmaybeeven10ormoretimesfasterthanDCL.ToKldeleteacomplete directorytreeusethe/TREE qualifier.1TheDCLcommandDELETE [.SUBDIR...] * . * #; 3*twillal-Imostalwaysfailtodeletethe intermediate subdirectoryMvfilesforcingyoutoissuethiscommandseveraltimes.'TheBDFUDELETEcommandissmartenoughtodeletetheO'filesandthe subdirectoryfilesintheproperorder;there-Kforeonlyonecommandis sufficienttodeleteacomple>te directorytree.u! !GWThe/KEEP qualifierallowsyoutopreservethedirec-Ptorytree.'Thecontentsaredeletedbutthe directoryfile(s)remainsintact.v !QWIfafilecannotbedeletedforsomereason(suchasafileRaccess conflict)thefilewillstayatitsplacetogetherwith!theparent directory.*wc#"$:xODELETE*yTz**ODeletesfilesor directories.l{BOFormat2OsDELETEN device[:]&ordirectory-file(s)|=}O ParametersOsdeviceGOThedeviceonwhichtoperformtheDELETE/FILE=file-idO$command.c} K9Odirectory-file(s)QO(Thefilespecificationofthe directoryonwhichtoperformthe@ODELETE/DIRECTORYcommand.*Wildcardfile specifica-MOtionsmaybeused.)DFUwill automaticallyadd.DIRtothe@O2filespecificationifafiletypeisnot provided.*~ O QualifiersOs /DIRECTORYMOSpecifythe directoryfilewhichmustbedeleted.* WildcardsJO$maybeusedbutmustbeusedvery carefully.+MakesureNO|thatthe directorydoesnotcontain non-emptysubdirectories.TONotethatthe directoryfileitselfwillalsobedeleted,unless*O-the/KEEP qualifierisused.OExample:OM$&DIR%EXAMPLE%O Directory%MYDISK:[RUBBISH]O  EXAMPLE.DIR;1O$&DFU-ODFU>&DELETE/DIRECTORY% EXAMPLE.DIREO:%DFU-I-CLEANUP,%Deleting% MYDISK:[RUBBISH]EXAMPLE.DIR;1...6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% DBGINI.COM;3%deleted4O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% ICON.COM;1&deleted6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% I_FOOL.COM;1%deleted9OZ%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%LOGICALS.COM;51%deleted6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% LOGIN.COM;79%deleted6O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% LOGOUT.COM;4%deleted=O2%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%NOTE_COMPRESS.COM;3&deleted6Oy%DFU-S-DELETED,%File% SHOWCL.COM;3%deleted8O%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%SYMBOLS.COM;89%deleted8O %DFU-S-DELETED,%File%TPUBUILD.COM;5%deleted-OQ  %DFU-S-TOTAL,&11&file(s)%deleted7O %DFU-S-DELETED,%File% EXAMPLE.DIR;1&deleted*]L :3O /FILE=file-idLO(Specifyacompletefile-id (num,seq,rvn)ofthefilewhichUOmustbedeleted.)This qualifierallowsthedeletionoflostfiles5Oorfilesmarkedfordelete.'Example:O^$&DFUODFU>&VERIFY%MYDISK::O%DFU-S-CHKHOME,%Home%block%info&verified&OK1OW%DFU-I-IFSCAN,%Scanning% INDEXF.SYS...XO%DFU-E-INVBAKFID,%file& (86,17915,1)%0004CF04$BFS.;1%has&invalid%backlinkZO%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (537,2878,1)%APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1%marked%for&delete t/. tw. t.0O(DFU>&DELETE%MYDISK/FILE=(86,17915,1)9Op%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%0004CF04$BFS.;1%deleted0ODFU>&DELETE%MYDISK/FILE=(537,2878,1)@O!%DFU-S-DELETED,%File%APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1&deleted*! O/KEEPRO(Preservethe directorytree;onlydeletethe contents.'/KEEPisKOonlyvalidwiththe /DIRECTORY qualifier.'/KEEPworksfor+O DELETE/DIRandDELETE/DIR/TREE.mO/NOLOGKO(Donotlog succesfulldeletesto SYS$OUTPUT./LOGistheOdefault.O /NOREMOVEGO(Canonlybeusedwith/FILE.Default DELETE/FILEwillTOtrytoremovethefilefromtheparent directory.(Ifthefile'sQObacklinknolongerpointstoavalid directorythiswillgen-GO2erateanerror.+The /NOREMOVE qualifier overrulesthisTOAnindirectcommandfile containingalistoffilescanbeusedIOasa parameterto /COMPRESSor/DUMP.Suchalistcan>O5be generatedwiththeSEARCHcommand.'Example:;ODFU>&SEARCH%#disk/FILE=*.DIR/SIZE=MIN=50/OUT=x.x(ODFU>&DIRECTORY/COMPRESS%@x.x3  HOCaution:+Careshouldbetakenwhen compressingcriticalQOsystem directories.(Tobesafeyoushouldfirstusethe/TESTKO5 qualifierbefore compressingthe directory.)AnotherproblemMOmaybecausedbya systemcrashjustwhenDFUis rewritingMOthenew compressed directory (althoughthechancethatthisLO>happensisverysmall).(Whenthishappensyoucanrecover?Othefilesby executingthe following procedure:uKDOm1.JDoa$SET FILE/NODIRofthe corrupted directory>O2.JDeletethe directoryandcreateanewoneHOl3.JDoa$ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR;thiswillmoveallthe%lostfilesto [SYSLOST].HOD4.JMovethefilesfrom [SYSLOST]tothenewlycreated directory.*&%' 5O8.2B Discussionof directory compression@OUTheDIRECTORY/COMPRESSfunctionwillimproveper-MOformanceonlarge directories.(Therearesomeoptionswhich/Ocanfurtherenhance performance:  , `mFm /TRUNCATE:Whena directoryis compressed,thefreeNspacewillbeattheendofthe directory.+ Therefore,ifKnewfilesareaddedVMSiscapableofusingthisspace,Ewandavoida directory entension.'The /TRUNCATEqual-Hifier overrulesthis behaviourby immediately truncating0(thefreespacebacktothedisk. `? /FILL_FACTOR:NormallyDFUtriestocompressasJmuchas possible.)However,itmaybebettertodeliber-JYatelycreateextrafreespaceintoeach directoryblock.EThiscanbedoneusingthe/FILL_FACTOR=n qualifier.N Eg:)afillfactorof50%willresultin approximatelyhalfObofeachblockbeingfree.(Notethata fill_factorlowerthaC100%mayresultinanerror DFU-E_EXTERR;inthat5caseahigherfactormustbechoosen.[LOSo,whatstrategyshouldbeusedwhen compressingdirecto-Ories? fCOm1.JInactive directories:&useDIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE.BO2.JNotveryactive directories:/use DIR/COMPRESSE(/TRUNCATE=n).OO3.JActive directories,filesaddedattheend(suchasMAIL@ directories):'use DIR/COMPRESSwithout /TRUNCATEOO4.JActive directories,filesaddedinrandom alphabeticalor->der:'useDIR/COMPRESS/FILL_FACTOR=n,nbetweenM50and75.*ii'&(] w3!O8.3BOutput formattingJOUThe qualifier/FORMATcanbeusedwithDIRECTORY/VERSION.KOThisallowsthebuildupofacommand proceduredirectlyFOfromtheoutput generatedbythe DIR/VERSIONcommand.7O^/FORMAThasthe following restrictions:: EOm1.J/FORMATisonlyvalidwiththe/VERSIONandthe/OUTPUT qualifier.POE2.JTheformatstringusedmustcontainthe!AS directive(inL uppercase).*Thefilefoundwillbe substitutedatthe!ASlocation !dOExample:RODFU>&4DIR/VERSION=4/OUTPUT=PURGE.COM/FORMAT="$PURGE/KEEP=3%!AS"%mydisk*p(')=O DIRECTORY*S))OPerforms directory functions.oEOFormat5Os DIRECTORYN device[:]&ordirectory-file(s) =O ParametersOsdevicePOThedeviceonwhichtoperformoneofthediskwide directoryO$ functions. ^Odirectory-files(s)SO(Thefile specificationofthe directoryonwhichtoperformthe>O/CREATE, /COMPRESS,/DUMPor/RECOVER function.JOWildcardfilespecificationsmaybeused.,DFUwillauto-TO2 maticallyadd.DIRtothefilespecificationifafiletypeisnotO provided.` 6O QualifiersOs/ALIASOOThe/ALIAS qualifierdirectsDFUtoscanall directoriesforOO$aliasfileentriesonadisk.+NormallyonlythesystemdiskRO|shouldcontainaliasfiles.'This qualifiercanbecombinedwith"O /VERSION=nand/EMPTY. O /ALLOCATE=nJO(Usedin combinationwith/CREATE.Createsthenewdirec-;Otorywithan allocatedsizeof'n'blocks.q J]O /COMPRESSHO(Performsthe directory compressionunless/TESTisalsoPO specified.+TheoutputwillshowtheresultsintermsoffileOsizes.'Example:+O^DFU>&DIR/COMP&OWN$:[000000]MAIL_O %DFU-S-DONE,%OWN$:[000000]MAIL.DIR;1:&31&files;%was%:%4/9,&now%:&3/3%blocksO1DFU>O/CREATEOO(Createanew,empty directory.*The allocatedsizewillbe14Oclusterunless /ALLOCATEis specified.UO/DEVICELO(Thedeviceonwhichthefilesreside.,ThedevicenameisROaddedtothefilename.+IfyougenerateafilelistwiththeBODFUSEARCHcommandyoudon'tneedthis qualifier.NO2HoweveryoumayhavealistoffilesproducedfromanotherMOsourceandthusneedtoappendadevicenametoit.+ThisJO qualifiercanonlybeusedin combinationwith /COMPRESSO<or/DUMP. f K O/DUMPMO(Produceablockleveldumpofa directory.)/DUMPwillin-QO>terpretthe directoryentriesfoundineachblock.'A directoryLOentrycontainsasize,version-limit,typeandnamefield.QO2Nextthe directoryentrycontainsalistofversionsandfileNOID'sforthisentry.*/DUMPwillproducearatherlowlevel4Ooutputofthis information.'Example:OhDFU>&DIR/DUMP&C.DIR'ODUMP&of& directory%block%1KOSize:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(10):& CHKDSK.EXE-aVersion:%3,%FID%:% (1027,1456,0)NOSize:%26,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(13):& CHKDSK.README.Version:%2,%FID%:%(33892,1171,0).9Version:%3,%FID%:%(1256,11234,0)KOSize:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(10):& CHKDSK.SAV-Version:%2,%FID%:% (13947,100,0)LOSize:%24,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(11):& CHKDSK.SAVE.YVersion:%1,%FID%:%(12531,2114,0)OOSize:%26,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,% Name(14):&CHKDSK_LNK.COM,Version:%2,%FID%:% (12314,72,0)EO1Size:%18,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(5):%C_D.C,yVersion:%3,%FID%:% (32650,32,0)GOSize:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D.EXE+ Version:%9,%FID%:% (2675,64,0)GOPSize:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D.OBJ,Version:%4,%FID%:% (9835,117,0)GOSize:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D_2.C-( Version:%15,%FID&:% (12428,84,0)IOp Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_2.OBJ, Version:%9,%FID%:% (8439,119,0)IO Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_3.CLD,H Version:%3,%FID%:% (9777,178,0)IO Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_3.OBJ, Version:%2,%FID%:% (9737,161,0)GO Size:%20,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(7):%C_D_4.C.h Version:%3,%FID%:%(10594,1580,0)IO Size:%22,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(9):% C_D_4.OBJ- Version:%2,%FID%:% (10177,109,0)'Oa DUMP&of& directory%block%2EO Size:%18,%Version%limit:%3,%Type:%0,%Name(5):%DFU.C. Version:%169,&FID%:& (31123,52,0) tZ . t . t .IO2 %DFU-I-TOTAL,&%OWN$:[SOURCES.FORTRAN.DFUSRC]C.DIR;1:%42%files*O/EMPTYKO(The/EMPTY qualifierwillproducealistofemptydirec-HOtories..This qualifiercanbecombinedwith/ALIASandO /VERSION=n.]3O/FILL_FACTOR=nPO( Specifies,in percentage,thefillingof directoryblocksdur-GOinga /COMPRESS operation.+FillfactormaybebetweenMO50and100.*Omittingthis qualifieristhesameas/FILL_AO2 FACTOR=100(maximum compression).,Ifthe directoryLOhasnotenough allocatedspacealowfillfactormayre-OOsultinfailureoftheCompress operation.*DFUwillissueaHO< DFU-E-EXTERRerror,andthe directoryfilewillnotbeO modified.w KMO/FORMAT=format-stringMO(Createanoutputfileinaformat describedbytheformatOOstring.)Thestringmustcontainthe!AS directive(thismustQObe uppercase).(Atthe!ASlocationthe resultantfilenamewillAO2befilledin.'The/OUTPUT qualifieris required.O/OUTPUT=filenameRO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtoafile.*Theoutputwill#Oalsogoto SYS$OUTPUT.O/RECOVERQO(This qualifierrebuildsa corrupted directory.)Donotusethis9Ocommandoncriticaloractive directories.O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.* O/TESTLO(The/TESTcanonlybeusedin conjunctionwith /COMPRESS.KOThe qualifierwillshowtheresultsofthe /COMPRESSbut4Owillnotcompressthe directoryfile.O/TRUNCATE=blocksizeHO(Duringacompress operationtruncatethe directorybackQOtothe blocksize specified.-If blocksizeisnot specified,theOOfilewillbe truncatedbacktothe end-of-fileblocknumber.KO2 Truncationwillalwaysberoundeduptothenexthighest3Omultipleofthedisk'sclustersize.<KO /VERSION=nLO(The/VERSION qualifierdirectsDFUtoscanall directoriesWOonthedevicetoproducealistoffileswhichhaveatleast'n'JO versions.+This qualifiercanbecombinedwith/ALIASandO2/EMPTY.*)(*O 9.2REPORTCOThischapter describestheREPORTcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.*)+)O9.1B DescriptionGOUTheREPORTcommandfunction generatesareportoftheOOfileandfreespace fragmentationofthedisk.*AlsoagraphKOmaybe generatedbythe/GRAPH qualifier;this visualisesNO^thefreespace distributiononyourdisk.(The/USAGEquali-ROfierwillgeneratea diskspaceusagereport.(Thisis especiallyAOusefulif DISKQUOTAisnotenabledonthedisk.WGOThedefaultreportcontains informationoftheVolume,NOfilesandthebitmap.+Thisoutputcanbe suppressedbythe>O5 /NOVOLUME,NOFILEandNOBITMAP qualifiers.+AlsoIOthe/USAGE qualifiercanbeusedby displayinginforma-LOtionofaspecificUICor Identifiersimplyby specifying0O> /USAGE=or/USAGE=.+ *,"O9.2BSyntaxandOutput4OUThesyntaxofthereportcommandis:)ODFU>&REPORT%device/QUALIFIERS bMOBelowfollowsanexampleandoutputofthereportcommand:*O*DFU>&REPORT%USER3:/GRAPH/USAGE=O%DFU-I-REPORT,% Reporting%on%USER3:& ($1$DUA102:)F*****&Volume%info&for%USER3:%(from%HOME%block)%*****tDVolume&nameDD:JUSER3tVolume&ownerD:JSYSTEMtVolume&set%name D:+------------------------------------------------------------+p%Oz A0->|***....***********.************.******...*********..********|K6%U F208360->|************************************************************|&13%U/ F416721->|************************************************************|&20%Uw F625081->|******************************************************.*****|&26%U F833442->|*******..*********************************..****************|&33%VG1041802->|******.**.*********...********.*****.*******...*.**..*.***..|&40%WO.1250163->|.*..*****************....*.....**.*.%..*****.***..****.K..*|&46%W1458523->|**********.%1.*******************************************.**.|&53%W1666884->|.**...K.......%-.*******...**********.*..***********..******|&60%S'1875244->|***..J....*...**********.p ..*********..**************|&66%Xn32083605->|*********************************.*****..p.****...&.%....%|&73%W 2291965->|% ..*******....J-......**************************************|&80%R2500326->|****..*****.*****.**.".********...*.*****..*******.*..*|&86%WF62708686->|.*******..*******.***..*.****************.*.%.*...**********|&93%E2917047->|..**..*********************.******..K .*******. |100%H>+------------------------------------------------------------+ct*%:&Fully& allocated,%.%:&Partial% allocated,%&:%Free,%3472%blocks%eachDtFree%space% distribution,&each%*%=K2100Kfree&blocksN*****&Disk%Usage%Table%(from% INDEXF.SYS%and% QUOTA.SYS)%*****t8Identifier/UIC38Used/AllocatedpHeaderspQuota& Used/PermStI-------------------------------------------------------------------------t [SSG,MRX]( 42079/463562259 48615/60000t [SSG,TESTJE], 189306/2547424935 259677/300000tX[SSG,LARGEUSER](X 47961/502381648 51886/65000t[SYSTEM]- 499554/5056264954510580/2000000 t. t0. tx.i??OThevariousitemshavethe followingmeaning:E! = JOm1.JTheheadercountis calculatedbasedonthesizeofA INDEXF.SYS.Ifmoreheadersareneeded INDEXF.SYS hastobe extended.KO2.JThefreeheadersgivesthenumberoffreeentriesin2 INDEXF.SYSbeforeithastoextend.COv3.JThe INDEXF.SYSnumberof fragmentsandmapwordsHinusearevery importantfiguresto determineiftheF' INDEXF.SYSfilecanbe extended.'The theoreticalmax-Dimumnumberofmapwordsis155.*ThisvaluemaybeGlessifthereareACL'son INDEXF.SYS.Each fragment,K0and thereforeeach retrievalpointermustbeinthemap-Hwordarea.-Asthesizeofa retrievalpointerdependsPonthephysicalsizeofadisk,itisnoteasytosayhow@:many fragments INDEXF.SYScanstoreinthemap-Kwordsarea.(IfthemapwordareaisfulltheINDEXFfileJcannolongerextend,andcreatingnewfilesmayresult,DinaSYSTEM-W-HEADERFULLerror.KO4.JFileswhichhaveexactly1 retrievalpointerarecon-Fsideredtobe contiguous.-Thisdoesn'tmeanthatthe:t CONTIGUOUSbitissetinthefileheader.OO5.JTheaverage fragmentsperfilegivesome indicationabout*Lthetotalfilefragmentation.KO6.JThefileandfreespace fragmentationindex classifies$$ yourdiskasfollows:~ hYh0-1:' Excellent Y1-2:'Good fYf2-3:'Fair Y3-4:'Poor eYe>4:&Bad KWIfyourindexisgreaterthan3youshouldconsiderde-E fragmentingthediskusingDigitalsDFO software,byH performinganImageBACKUP/Restore,orofcourseby-ausingDFU's DEFRAG/DISKcommand.PO7.JThelargestfreeextentisausefulfigurefor defragmen-H9tation purposes.*Youcannot defragmentafilewhenits/sizeisgreaterthanthisvalue. iIOWhenusing/GRAPHthedisk'sfreespace distributionisNOshownasabitmapimage.'Eachpositioninthegraphrepre-OO5sentsacertainnumberofblocks(intheexampleabove3472KOblocks).+Thisbitmapimagegivesaquick impressionabout8Othefreespace distributiononthedisk. QOIfyouusethe/USAGE qualifierasortedusagetablewillbeLOadded.+Per Identifier/UICtheblocksused/allocated,andMO5thenumberoffileheadersareshown.*If Diskquotaisen-POabledathirdcolumnwillbeincludedwhichshowstheblocksCOused/permittedallowingto QUOTA.SYS.Normallyquota2O>shouldsatisfythe followingrule:DtQuota%used%=&blocks% allocated%+%#&of&file%headers*  ,+-:OREPORT*sIIOCreateafileandfreespacereportofadiskdevice.U+OFormatOsREPORTM device[:]=O ParametersOs device[:]QODevicetobe reported.(Youmayalsospecifyalogicaldevice-O$name.HO QualifiersOs/APPEND=filenamePOThis qualifier redirectstheoutputtobeappendedtoanal-XO$readyexistingfile.)IftheoutputfiledoesnotexistsitwillbeHO|created.'Youcanuse/APPENDor/OUTPUTbutnotboth. O/GRAPHMO(This qualifier generatesagraphtablewhich visualizesthePOfreespace distributiononthedisk.'/NOGRAPHisthedefault. vO /NOBITMAPKO(The /NOBITMAP qualifier suppressesthe"Freespacestatis-Otics"output. A`O/NOFILEOO(The/NOFILE qualifier suppressedthe"File Statistics"output.hO /NOVOLUMEDO(The /NOVOLUME qualifier suppressesthe"Volumeinfo"Ooutput.O/OUTPUT=filenameRO(>This qualifier redirectstheoutputtoafile.*Theoutputwill#Oalsogoto SYS$OUTPUT.O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.& &O /USAGE(=uicor identifier)MO(The/USAGE qualifierwillgeneratea diskspaceusagereportPObasedonIdentifiers/UIC.If diskquotaisenabledonthediskJOtheblocksused/permittedallowingto QUOTA.SYSwillalsoMO2beshown.(/USAGEisveryusefulwhen diskquotaisnoten-ROabledonthedisk.(WhenaUICor identifieris specifiedonlyPOthe informationforthisUICor identifierwillbe displayed.*J-,.O 10.2SEARCHCOThischapter describestheSEARCHcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.6"".-/ O10.1C IntroductionNOUThesearchfunctionallowsveryquick disk-widesearchesforUOspecificfiles.(Youcanusealmostanypossiblefile attributeasOasearch qualifier./.0|#O10.2CSyntaxandOutput0OUThecommandsyntaxforSEARCHis:)ODFU>&SEARCH%device/qualifiers :[OOTheoutputis displayedonyour terminal.)YoucanalsosortOOtheoutputwiththe/SORT qualifier.(Theoutputisshownin O52or3columnseg:0ODFU>&SEARCH%MYDISK/FILE=X.X/FRAGMENT t. tI.'O$1$DUA102:[USER.COMMAND]X.X;1 o1/3  1/1 t. t!. WPOThefirstcolumnshowsthefullfilename.(ThedevicenameNOisincludedinthefilename.)ThesecondcolumnsshowstheQO5filesizeasactual/allocatedsize.*The3rdcolumnisoptionalIOandwillonlybeshownwhenthe /FRAGMENT qualifierisMOused.,Itshowsthenumberof fileheaders/numberoffileO> fragments.0/1 x'O10.3CVolumeSet processingEOUSEARCHchecksifthedeviceto-be-searchedismemberROofavolumeset.*Ifso,thecompletevolumesetwillbepro-KOcessed,startingwithRelativeVolumeNumber1uptothePO^lastmemberinset.(Youcanoverridethis behaviourwiththeO /NOVOLSET qualifier.102Q w'"O10.4COutput formattingJOUThe qualifier/FORMATcanbeusedwithSEARCH.Thisal-NOlowsthebuildupofacommand proceduredirectlyfromtheDOoutput generatedbytheSEARCHcommand.'/FORMAThas)O^the following restrictions: hVKOm1.J/FORMATisonlyvalidwiththe/OUTPUT qualifier,andHcannotbeusedtogetherwiththe/FULLorthe/SORT qualifiers.PO2.JTheformatstringusedmustcontainthe!AS directive(inL uppercase).*Thefilefoundwillbe substitutedatthe!ASOlocationl !cOExample:QODFU>&(SEARCH/OUTP=DEL.COM/FORMAT="$DELETE/CONF%!AS"/FILE=*.LOG&mydisk*213 h0O10.5CUICand identifier processingGOUVersionV2.4 introducedanimprovedhandlingofUIC's.JOPreviousversionsofDFUonlyacceptedanumericUICinMOthe/OWNER qaulifieroran identifierinthe/IDENTquali-QO^fier.)V2.4andlaternowacceptsallvalidUICand identifierEOformats(numericand alphanumeric)inthe/OWNERandOO/IDENT qualifiers.' Technicallythereisnolongeranydiffer-TOhencebetweenthesetwo qualifiers,buttheywillbeleftinfor!O compatibilityreasons.:<:<3924:OSEARCH*\22OFastfilesearchthrough INDEXF.SYS.U+OFormatOsSEARCHN device[:] =O ParametersOs device[:]QODevicetobe searched.'Youmayalsospecifyalogicaldevice-O$name. foO DescriptionIOsTheSEARCHcommandisusedforquick disk-widesearchesQOforspecificfiles.,The qualifiersdescribethefile attributesSO$usedasthesearch criteria.'YoucancombinealmostalloftheDO|possible qualifiers,unless otherwise specified.&Eg.:KODFU>&SEARCH%3DISK1/SIZE=MIN=10/OWN=[1,4]/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAYOOisavalidcommand.+Notethat qualifierswillbeusedinaNOlogicalANDmanner,thatis,SEARCHwillonlydisplayfilesAOMwhichmatchall qualifiersandoptions specified. O Qualifiers!Os/ACCESS=option(,option)MOThe/ACCESS qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingonNO$theirlastACCESSdate(VMS7.2only).(ThepossibleoptionsO|are:p `mm/ACCESS=BEFORE=date `/ACCESS=SINCE=date `ll /ACCESS=NONE* O/ACE=identifierMO(SearchforfileswhichhaveanACE containingthespecificRO identifier.'OnlyACE'softheformat"IDENTIFIER=,..."Owillbe searched.1KO /ALLOCATEDDO(Default,"SEARCH will use the actual file size.3TheHO /ALLOCATED qualifierforcesSEARCHtousethe allocatedQO filesize.*This qualifierisonly meaningfullifyoucombineitO2with/SIZE.4 O/APPEND=filenamePO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtobeappendedtoanal-XOreadyexistingfile.)IftheoutputfiledoesnotexistsitwillbeHOcreated.'Youcanuse/APPENDor/OUTPUTbutnotboth. $O/ATTRIBUTE=option(,option)JO(The /ATTRIBUTE qualifierisusedtosearchfilesdepend-OOingontheirlast attributechangedate(VMS7.2only).)The#Opossibleoptionsare:y `m m/ATTRIBUTE=BEFORE=date `/ATTRIBUTE=SINCE=date `ll/ATTRIBUTE=NONE*!O/BACKUP=option(,option)MO(The/BACKUP qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon>Otheirbackupdate.'Thepossibleoptionsare:p `mm/BACKUP=BEFORE=date `/BACKUP=SINCE=date `ll /BACKUP=NONEd:HOTheNONEoptiongivesfileswhichdon'thaveabackupNOdate recorded.Theother2optionscanbeusedtogetfilesMO5whichhaveabackupdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.EOTheBEFOREandSINCEoptioncanbecombinedinoneOcommand.+ "O/BAKFID=backlink-file-idSO(Youcanusethis qualifiertolookforafilewithaspecificTO backlink.*Onlythefirstpartofthefileidmustbe specified,`Othatis,ifthefileidis(x,y,z)youmustspecify'x'asthefileid.SO2Youcanusethis qualifiertogetfilesfromaspecificdirec-SOtory.'Ifyouuse /BAKFID=0youwillgetfilesnot belongingto2Oa directory(often temporaryfiles). *O /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...)WO(This qualifierisusedtogetfileswithspecificfile characteris-GOtics.Thecharacteristicscanhavethe followingvalues:} `m(m Directory:' directoryfiles `.Nobackup:'filesmarkednobackup `l6l Contiguous:'filesmarkedas contiguous `1Erase:'erasefilebeforedeletion `k kSpool:'spoolfiles `FBadblock:'fileswhichcontain suspectedbadblock(s) `i3iBadacl:'fileswitha corruptedACL `8Besttry:'filesmarkedcontiguous-best-try `h7hScratch:'filesmarkedasscratchfiles `:Nocharge:'filesnotchargedagainstquota `f*fNomove:'filesmarkedNoMove `?Locked:'fileswiththedeaccesslockbitset `e1eMarked:'filesmarkedfordeletion `= Noshelvable:'fileswhichcannotbeshelved `d2d Isshelved:'fileswhichareshelvedM+#IOTheseveralcharacteristicscanbecombinedinonecom-KOmand.IfyouwantalogicalOR behaviourinsteadoftheGO5defaultAND behaviour,youcanusethespecialoptionOMATCH=OReg:1SEARCH%disk/CHAR=(NOMOVE,DIR,MATCH=OR)* "O/CREATED=option(,option)NO(The/CREATED qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon6Otheircreationdate.'Theoptionsare:{Q `mm/CREATED=BEFORE=date `/CREATED=SINCE=date NTOThese2optionscanbeusedtogetfileswhichhaveacreationNOdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.'TheBEFOREandSINCE6O5optioncanbecombinedinonecommand.#O/EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...)PO(This qualifierisusedtoexcludefilesfromthesearch.+YouQOcanusewildcard filenames;youcanalsospecifiyalistofOfiles."O/EXPIRED=option(,option)NO(The/EXPIRED qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon8Otheir expirationdate.'Theoptionsare:s `mm/EXPIRED=BEFORE=date `/EXPIRED=SINCE=date `ll /EXPIRED=NONEo EIOTheNONEoptiongivesfileswhichdon'thaveaexpira-TOtiondate recorded.Theother2optionscanbeusedtogetfilesQO5whichhavea expirationdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.EOTheBEFOREandSINCEoptioncanbecombinedinoneOcommand. O /FID=file-idRO(The/FID qualifierisaspecialfunctionofSEARCH.ItdirectsQOSEARCHtogodirectlytothe specifiedfilewithout processingROtherestoftheIndexfile.( Therefore,youcannotcombinethisNO2 qualifierwithothersearch qualifierssuchas/FILE.NormallySOafile-idconsistsisintheform(x,y,z)wherexisthenum-NOberofthefileheaderwithin INDEXF.SYSyisthesequenceHO<number,andzistheRelativeVolumeNumber.+YouonlyFOneedtospecifiythexvalueinthe/FID qualifier.  O/FILE=(file1,file2...)TO(This qualifierisusedtosearchforfileswithaspecificfilePOname.Youcanusewildcardfilenames;alsoyoucanspecifyaOlistoffiles.w KMO/FORMAT=format-stringMO(Createanoutputfileinaformat describedbytheformatOOstring.)Thestringmustcontainthe!AS directive(thismustQObe uppercase).(Atthe!ASlocationthe resultantfilenamewillAO2befilledin.'The/OUTPUT qualifieris required.`+O!/FRAGMENT=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr)JO(This qualifierdisplaysthenumberof fragmentsandfileOOheadersofeachfilefound.,YoucanfurtherlimitthefilesAOfoundbyusingtheMINIMUMandMAXIMUM=options.O2Forexample:ODFU>& disk/FRAG ODFU>&disk/FRAG=min=10*OGDFU>&disk/FRAG=(min=10,max=100)*C! KO/FULLRO(Ifyouusethis qualifier,SEARCHwillgiveafulloutputforTOeachfilefound.'Thisoutputisa look-alikeoftheoutputfromFODIRECTORY/FULL.Youcannotcombinethis qualifierwithO2/SORTor /SUMMARY.! O/HOMEOO(This qualifierdirectssearchtogiveoutputfromthedisk'sMOhomeblock.'SEARCHusesthehomeblockfor calculatingthe=Ofreeandusedfileheaderswithin INDEXF.SYS.U(O/(NO)IDENT=identifieroruicNO(Youcansearchforfilesownedbyaspecific identifierorGOUIC.AnyvalidUICor identifierformatmaybeused.BOAnotherwayisthe /OWNER_UIC qualifier;youcan-CO2notcombinethese2 qualifiersinoneSEARCHcom-IOmand.*Issueing/NOIDENTdirectsDFUtosearchforfiles>ONOTownedbythis IDENTIFIER,eg:.DFU>SEARCH'O<sys$sysdevice/NOIDENT=SYSTEM. n#O/LBN=logical-block-numberPO(The/LBN qualifierisaspecialfunctionofSEARCH.Thisal-POlowsyoutofindafilewhichcontainsaspecificLBN.ThisSOmaybeusefulifyouhavebadblocksloggedintheerrorlog.HO2Youcannotcombine/LBNwithsearch qualifierssuchasO/FILE. (O/LIMIT=(MINIMUM=n,MAXAXIMUM=m)CO(Searches DIRECTORYfileswhichhaveadefaultver-JOsionlimitbetweennandm (includingnandm).,Either-OMINIMUMorMAXIMUMis required.,O/(NO)OWNER_UIC=uicor identifierTO(This qualifierisusedtogetfilesownedbyaspecificUICorNO identifier.*AnyvalidUICor identifierformatmaybeused.JOYoucannotcombinethis qualifierwith/IDENT. SpecifyingHO2/NOOWNERdirectsDFUtosearchforfile>sNOTownedby$OthisUICor identifier.! #O/MODIFIED=option(,option)OO(The /MODIFIED qualifierisusedtosearchfiles dependingon:Otheir modificationdate.'Theoptionsare:}S `mm/MODIFIED=BEFORE=date `/MODIFIED=SINCE=date  NSOThese2optionscanbeusedtogetfileswhichhaveamodifi-OOcationdatebeforeorafteraspecificdate.(TheBEFOREand=O5SINCEoptioncanbecombinedinonecommand.uO /MULTIPLEQO(This qualifiersearchesforfileswhichhavemorethan1fileOheader.O /NOSEARCHMO(This qualifiercanonlybeusedin combinationwith/HOME.OOItisusedtogetthe Homeblockinfo,without searchingtheOentiredisk.! O /NOVOLSETPO(Thedefault behaviourofSEARCHistoprocessanentirevol-JOumeset.(Youcanoverridethis behaviourwith /NOVOLSET.>OThismaybeusefulwhendoinga/LBNsearch. O /OUTPUT=fileMO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputfromSEARCHtoanout-QOput file.ThisfilecanlaterbeusedasinputtotheDEFRAG,&O DIRECTORYorSETcommand. O/OVER_ALLOCATED=nOO(Searchesforfileswherethe differencebetweentheusedand6O allocatedsizeisatleast'n'blocks. ! O/PLACEDKO(Checksforfileswhichhavea placementcontrol retrievalKO pointer.Thisis sometimessetbynon-DECdisk defragmenta-Otion programs. p-O#/SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2)SO(The/SIZE qualifierisusedtolimitfilesfoundbytheirfileEOsize.Youcaneitheruseminimum=ormaximum=oruseNObothoptions together.*SEARCHwillusetheactualfilesizeNO2for selectingfiles,exceptwhenthe /ALLOCATED qualifierisOused. ! O/SORTUO(This qualifierwillsortthefilesfoundbeforebeingoutput.'YouJOcancombinethiswiththe/OUTPUT qualifier(thedefault"Ooutputis SYS$OUTPUT).O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.0 KO/SUMMARYVO(This qualifierwilllimittheoutputtothetotalnumberoffilesMOfound,withtheirsize(andoptionalthe fragmentationwhenAO/FRAGisused).,Youcannotcombine/SUMMARYwithO2/FULL.VK,O /TYPE=optionCO(The/TYPE qualifierhas2options:0 /TYPE=ODS2orMO /TYPE=ODS5.*This qualifiercanbeusedtosearchforfilesQOwitheitheraODS2oranODS5fileheader.(This qualifieris5O2onlyusefullonODS5disk(VMSV7.2). /O%/VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=n,maximum=m)GO(The/VERSION_NUMBER qualifierisusedsearchforfilesOOwithinarange(nthrum)offileversionnumbers.)LogfilesJOwhichareproducedwiththesamenamemayposeproblemsDO2whentheyreachthemaximumversionnumber(32767).FOUsing/VERSION=MIN=32000isaquickwaytofindsuchOfiles.*435O 11.2SETIOThischapter describestheSETcommandwiththerelated&O parametersand qualifiers.546S )O11.1C IntroductionFOUTheSETcommandallowsyoutomodifyfile attributesCOwhichcan'tbemodifiedthroughDCL commands.,NoteLOthatyoushouldbecarefulaboutusingthis function;youGO^mayeasilycorruptfiles.-Thismuchwanted functional-HOitywas introducedinVMS6.0withanewDCLcommandGO$SETFILE/ATTRIBUTES.StillDFU'sSEThassomeoptionsJOhwhicharenotinSETFILE/ATTRIBUTES(suchassettingaOBACKUPdate).COThenew qualifier,/IGNORE=INTERLOCK,allowssetting>Ofile attributesevenonopenorlockedfiles.006570O11.2CUICand identifier processingIOUAsofversionV2.4ofDFUthe/OWNERand/IDENTqual-MOifiernowacceptsallvalidUICor identifierformats.,See&Ochapter10.5fordetails.V*V*7!687  OSET*M##OModifyfile attributes.^4OFormat$OsSETNfile1,file2,...,@fileFO ParametersOsfile1,file2,...,@fileOOThefilestobe modified.+The attributestobemodifiedarePO$ specifiedwith qualifiers.( Wildcardsareaallowedinthefile-RO|name.(Anindirectfilecanbeusedbyusingthe@sign.(ThisMOallows processingofafilelistproducedbyaDFUSEARCHO-command.7!  O QualifiersOs/ACCESS_DATE=dateO/NOACCESS_DATEMO$Controlswhetheranew last-accessdateisassignedtotheQO| specifiedfiles.*(V7.2only)Specifythedate accordingtotheGOrules describedinChapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsOO-Manual.'Absolutedatekeywordsareallowed.'Ifyouspecify0POasthedate,today'sdateisused.'Ifyouspecify /NOACCESS_BODATEthelastaccessdatefieldwillbecleared.L "O/ATTRIBUTE_DATE=dateO(/NOATTRIBUTE_DATEPOControlswhetheranewlast attributechangedateisassignedOOtothe specifiedfiles(V7.2only).,Specifythedateaccord-KO2ingtotherules describedinChapter1oftheVMSDCLHOConceptsManual.+Absolutedatekeywordsareallowed.*IfUOyouspecify0asthedate,today'sdateisused.)IfyouspecifyFO</NOATTRIBUTE_DATEthelast attributechangedatefieldOwillbecleared.  UO/BACKUP_DATE=dateO(/NOBACKUP_DATEOOControlswhetheranewbackupdateisassignedtothespec-UOifiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sHOdateisused.(Ifyouspecify/NOBACKUP_DATEtheBackup)O<datefieldwillbecleared.O/BADACLO( /NOBADACLMOSetsorresetsthe'BADACL'flaginthefileheader.,ThisBOenablesdeletionofafilewitha corruptedACL. AgO/BUCKETSIZE=sizeMO(Setsanewvalueforthebucketsizeinthefileheader.! {O/CONFIRMO( /NOCONFIRM (default)MOControlswhetherarequestisissuedbeforeeach individualMOSET operationtoconfirmthatthe operationshouldbeper-OO2formedonthatfile.(Whenthesystemissuestheprompt,you9Ocanissueanyofthe following responses:YESNOQUITWTRUEFALSEKCTRL/Z 10ALLNOYoucanuseany combinationofupper-and lowercaselettersJOforword responses.*Word responsescanbe abbreviatedtoOO3oneormoreletters(forexample,T,TR,orTRUforTRUE).HO AffirmativeanswersareYES,TRUE,and1.*Negativean-DOswersareNO,FALSE,0,and.+QUITorCTRL/ZLO= indicatesthatyouwanttostop processingthecommandatJOthatpoint.(WhenyourespondwithALL,thecommandcon-OOtinuestoprocess,butnofurtherpromptsaregiven.*IfyouUOGtypearesponseotherthanoneofthoseinthelist,thepromptOwillbe reissued." O/CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY O(/NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRYJOSetsorresetsthe'CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY'bitinthefileOheader.#! O/CREATION_DATE=dateO(/NOCREATION_DATEQOControlswhetheranewcreationdateisassignedtothespec-UOifiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sOdateisused.$! O /DIRECTORYO( /NODIRECTORYTOSetsorresetsthe directory attributeofafile.*This qualifierUOallowsyoutosetthe directorybitofafilewhichwasmistak-FO2inglyresetbythe'SETFILE/NODIRECTORY'command.'IfVOitisdoneona non-directoryfile,thenaccesstothat directory.Owillgivea 'BADIRECTORY'error.)%O/EBLOCK[=block]PO(This qualifierwillresetthe end-of-filemarktothehighestPOblock allocatedifnoblockhasbeen specified.) OtherwisetheFO end-of-filemarkwillbesettothe specifiedblock.%& O /EBYTE[=byte]RO(This qualifierwillsetthe end-of-filebytemarktothehigh-TOestbyteifithasnotbeen specified.( Otherwisethe end-of-file>Obytemarkwillbesettothe specifiedbyte.' O/EXPIRATION_DATE=dateO(/NOEXPIRATION_DATEPOControlswhetheran expirationdateisassignedtothespeci-TOfiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sOdateisused.>(K$O/IDENT=identifieroruicEO(Modifythefile ownership.,Seealso /OWNER_UIC.ThisPOallows modificationofthefile-ownershipevenifthefileisFOopen,eg.* INDEXF.SYS.Youcannotuseboth/IDENTandO2 /OWNER_UIC.')KO/IGNORE=INTERLOCKKO(PerformtheSETcommandonopenorlockedfiles.)Default>ODFUwillreturna%SYSTEM-E-ACCONFLICTonopenEOfiles.)The/IGNORE=INTERLOCKoptioncanoverrulethisO2 behaviour./* KO/LOCKEDO( /NOLOCKEDUOThis qualifierwilllockafileforfutureuse.(NothingelsecanVOthenbedonewiththefile,untilitisunlocked(whichcanalso6O2bedonewiththeVMS'UNLOCK'command.+ O/LOG (default)O(/NOLOGMOControlswhethertheSETcommanddisplaysthefilespecifi-EOcationofeachfileafterthe modificationismade., xO/MAXREC=recordOO(SetsanewvalueforthemaximumrecordnumberinthefileOheader.h->O/NOMOVEBO(This qualifierdisablesorenables (/NONOMOVE)theJOMoveFile attributeonfiles./ItisthesameastheDCL@OcommandSET FILE/NOMOVE,butin conjunctionwith?O2/IGNORE=INTERLOCKDFUcanchangethesettingon"OOpenorLockedfiles.. wO/ORGANIZATION=keywordBO(The followingkeywordsareused as parameters for:Othe ORGANIZATION qualifier:0DIRECT,INDEXED,FORELATIVEand SEQUENTIAL.Thiswillallowyoutomod-VO2ifythefile organizationtypeinthefileheader.(Ofcoursethis@Owon'tchangethereal organizationofthefile.[/K1(O/OWNER_UIC=uicor identifierOO(Modifythefile ownershiptoanUICor identifier.*SeealsoLO/IDENT.Thisallows modificationofthefile-ownershipevenLOifthefileisopen,eg., INDEXF.SYS.Youcannotuseboth"O2/IDENTand /OWNER_UIC.^0! 4 O/RECATTRIBUTES=keywordGO(The followingkeywordsareusedas parametersforthe>O RECATTRIBUTES qualifier:'NONE,FORTRAN,IMPLIED,FOPRINTandNOSPAN.ThiswillallowyoutomodifytheMO2file'srecord attributesinthefileheader.(NONE,FORTRAN,FOIMPLIEDandPRINTaremutually exclusive,butcanbeGOusedin combinationwithNOSPAN.WhenNOSPANisomit-RO<tedSPANisassumed(thedefaultistoallowrecordstocrossOblock boundaries).1AdO /RECSIZE=sizeMO(Setsanewvaluefortherecordsizeinthefileheader._25O/RECTYPE=keywordGO(The followingkeywordsareusedas parametersforthe9ORECTYPE qualifier:0FIXED,STREAM, STREAMCR,:O STREAMLF, UNDEFINED,VARIABLEandVFC.ThisPO2willallowyoutomodifythefile'srecordtypeinthefileOheader.3 O/REVISION_DATE=dateO(/NOREVISION_DATEMOControlswhetherarevisiondateisassignedtothespeci-TOfiedfiles.(Specifythedate accordingtotherules describedinJO2Chapter1oftheVMSDCLConceptsManual.(AbsolutedateOOkeywordsareallowed.*Ifyouspecify0asthedate,today'sOdateisused.4AhO/RVCOUNT=countPO(Setsanewvaluefortherevisioncountinthefileheader.5]O/UPDATEO( /NOUPDATE (default)NONormallythefile'srevisiondatewillbeupdatedafteranyLO modificationtoit.+SEThoweverdisablesthisupdate(oth-KO2erwisetheREVISIONdatecouldnotbeset).+SpecifythisIO qualifierifyou>wanttherevisiondatetobeupdated.6O /VFCSIZE=sizePO(SetsanewvaluefortheVFCsizeinthefileheader.+ThisDOvaluewillonlybeusedwiththeVFCrecordtype.*78798O 12.2UNDELETEEOThischapter describestheUNDELETEcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.l98:9 )O12.1C IntroductionEOUTheUNDELETEfunctionisdesignedtorecoverdeletedLOfiles,if possible.*UNDELETEoperatesinasafemodesuchROthatitfirstchecksifthedeletedfileheaderand diskblocksSO^arestill available.+Onlyinthatcasewillthefileberecov-IOered.( OtherwiseUNDELETEwillleavethedisk unmodified.2OUNDELETEhassome powerfulloptions::! w `mMmGeneratealistof recoverablefileswiththe/LISTquali-Qfier.&This qualifierwillnotundeleteanyfile,and therefore-itdoesnotlockupthedisk. `3Undeletemultiplefilesinonepass. `BMakefile selectionsbasedontheownerwiththe(v/OWNERor/IDENT qualifier. `G UndeletedfileswhichcannotbeenteredbackintheirJMoriginal directorywillbemovedtothe [SYSLOST]direc-Atory.)Thissavesan additionalANALYZE/DISK/REPAIRaction.*;:9;<v+O12.2CFile specificationsyntaxMOUBecauseadeletedfilenolonger'knows'itsparentdirec-QOtoryyoumustNOTentera directory specificationinthefileROname.' Therefore,thesyntaxtoundeleteaspecificfileis:7DFU>&UNDELETE&/file= teg:/]DFU>&UNDELETE&$1$DIA1:/file=FOO.BAR=TODFUwilltrytore-enterthefileinitsoriginal directory;itSOthatfailsthefilewillbeenteredinthe [SYSLOST] directory.o; :<>n^$O12.3CHowUndeleteworks:OUTheUNDELETEcommandoperatesasfollows:z? b PPOm1.JLockthevolume.'InthesamemannerasANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR:andSETVOLUME/REBUILDUndeletelockstheFdiskforotherwriterssuchthatno modificationsto?wtheINDEXF,BITMAPorQUOTAfilecanbemade.PO2.JSearchthe INDEXF.SYSfileifthe requestedfileisstillQOthere.*Acheckismadeifitreallyisavaliddeletedfileheader.SO'3.JChecksifthedeletedfileheaderandallpossible extension%headersarestillvalid.TO4.JChecksiftheblocks previouslyownedbythisfilearestillWfree.QO5.JIfallthese conditionsaremetDFUwilldisplaythefile*/andasksfora confirmation.NO6.JRebuildsallofthedeletedfileheadersandbitmapsinFmemory..IfnoerrorsarefoundallthefileheadersK_andbitmapsarewrittenbacktodisk.*Thefilesoriginal8backlinkissavedinatableinmemory.NO77.JIf appropiatetheblocksandheadersarechargedagainst diskquota.HO8.JWhenallof INDEXF.SYShasbeenscannedthevolumehis unlocked.VO9.JThefile(s)is(are)enteredintheoriginal directoryifpos-K@ sible,usingthetablebuildupinmemory.+IftheenterF commandfails (probablybecausetheoriginal directoryL isgone)thefilewillbeenteredin [SYSLOST].DFUwill.I createthis directoryifneeded.@! NTOIfthe/LIST qualifierisused,DFUwilljustlisttherecover-ROablefileswithout performinganyactiononthedisk.&Thedisk O5willnotbelocked.A! WSOItis importanttonotethatduringthebitmapandfileheaderMO processinganyerrorwill immediately terminatetherecoveryMO5process,andunlockthedisk.*Fileswhichhavebeenrecov-ROereduptothatpointwillstillbeenteredinthe appropiateNO directory.(Asnowrong informationhasbeenwrittenbacktoJO>thediskthisshouldleavethediskinaproperstate.EB! MONOTE:Theblocks recoveredwillNOTbe subtractedfromtheOOVolume'sfreeblockcount.(Togettheactual freeblockcount?O5aSETVOLUME/REBUILD=FORCEis necessary.+Alsoa@OcompletereMOUNTwillresetthe freeblockcount.C [GO IMPORTANT:DFUtakescaretorecoveronlyfileswhoseIOoriginalblocksarefree.,HowevertheseblocksmayhavePO5beenmodifiedinthemeantimebyanotherfilewhichalsohasMObeendeleted.( Thereforeeach recoveredfilemustbechecked.Omanuallytocheckits integrity.*DE  .OExampleofaUndeletesession:&ODFU>&undel&$1$dua102:/list:Oq Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2%found8O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1&found9O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1%found6OI Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1%found,ODFU>&undel/file=*.for% $1$DUA102:2O%DFU-I-READBMAP,&Reading% BITMAP.SYS...9Od%DFU-W-LOCKED,%Volume%now&LOCKED%for%write6O %DFU-I-UNDEL,&Start&search%on% $1$DUA102::O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2%found0O]Recover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%n8O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1&found0ORecover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%y7O5%DFU-S-RECOVER,%File% succesfully% recovered2O|%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA,&updating& diskquota...9O Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1%found0O.Recover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%n6Ov Recoverable%file&[TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1%found0ORecover&this%file?%(Y/N)%[N]&:%y7O'%DFU-S-RECOVER,%File% succesfully% recovered2Oo%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA,&updating& diskquota...*O%DFU-I-UNLOCK,%Volume%unlocked&EXIT*F\\<;=BG *O12.4CFilesmarkedfordeleteMOUNormallyDFUdoesnotundeletefilesmarkedfordelete.(ToKOrecoverfilesmarkedfordeleteyoumustusethe/MARKEDLO qualifier..Thiswill specificallyundeletefilesmarkedforSO^delete.'ThisallowstherecoveryoffileswhicharedeletedbutPOstillopen,suchas INSTALLedfiles,orevenrecoveryoftheFOsystemdumpfile SYSDUMP.DMPwheneversuchafileis!Oh accidentiallydeleted.  = <><HOUNDELETE*IjJ@@ORecoveroneormoredeletedfilesonadevice.WK-OFormatOsUNDELETEM device[:]L! =O ParametersOsdeviceROThedeviceonwhichtoundeleteoneormorefiles.'ThedeviceAO$willbe write-lockedduringtheundeleteprocess.M! RO QualifiersOs/FILE=filenameQOThefiletobe recovered.' Wildcardsmaybeused.'Ifamatch-UO$ingfileisfoundUndeletewillaska confirmation.&IfacertainSO|fileis confirmed,thatfilewillbe recoveredif possible,andMOcontrolwillbereturnedtotheDFU>prompt.)Ifthe/FILE3O- qualifierisomittedDFUwillassume 9* -. 9* -; 9* 9-.)N $O/IDENT=identifieroruicTO(Youcansearchforfilesownedbyaspecific identifierorUIC.DOAnotherwayisthe /OWNER_UIC qualifier;youcannotCOcombinethese2 qualifierinoneUNDELETEcommand.O"O/LIST(=output-file-name)NO(Generatealistof recoverablefiles.+NoundeletewilltakePOplace,andthediskwillnotbelocked.+The defaultoutputisO SYS$OUTPUT.PO/MARKEDMO(Consideronlyfilesmarked-for-delete.(Suchfilesareusual-SOllystillopenbysomeutility,suchas INSTALLedfilesortheOsystemdumpfile.Q(O/OWNER_UIC=uicor identifierUO(This qualifierisusedtoselectfilesbyaUICor identifier.>OYoucannotcombinethis qualifierwith/IDENT.RO /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.*S>=?TeO 13.2SPAWNBOThenewSPAWNcommandcreatesan interactivesub-MOprocess.+ThisallowsaquickescapetotheDCLlevelfromJOBan interactiveDFUsession.,The subprocesshasadefaultFOprompt DFU_sub$.)InSMGmodethekeyalsoper-FOformsaSPAWNcommand.+Youmustlogout explicitlyto(OLreturntotheDFUsession.$?>@UO 14.2VERIFYCOThischapter describestheVERIFYcommandwiththe/Orelated parametersand qualifiers.S``@?AV pO14.1C IntroductionJOUTheVERIFYcommandmakesananalysisofthedisk,scan-JOningforfileanddisk structureerrors.+VERIFYperformsKOalmostallofthechecksnormallydonebya ANALYZE/DISKAO^command.1ButVERIFYisseveraltimesfasterthan4O ANALYZE/DISK,andusesless resources.iW??OVERIFYchecksandreportsthe followingerrors:X `mGmChecksthelogical information containedinthedisk'sHOMEblock `E/EReportsfilesmarkedfordeletion `=Reports mismatchesintheindexfile'sbitmap `D;DCheckstheVMS$COMMON.DIRbacklinkonsystemdisks `!Checksall backlinks. `.Reportsmultiple allocatedblocks `DReportsblocks incorrectlymarkedfreeand allocated `#Reportsalllostfiles `EChecksfor mismatchesbetweenblocksusedandblocksCqchargedin QUOTA.SYS.(Onlydonewhen diskquotaisenabled)*Y*ZA@B![&O14.2CBasicrepairactionsOOUThe/FIX qualifiercanbeusedtoperformsomebasicrepairFOactions.)UnlikeANALYZE/DISK/REPAIRthisdoesnotlockediskduringtheVERIFYrun,soIOdon'tusethis qualifiertoooften..(The/REPAIRquali-JOfierof ANALYZE/DISKalso write-locksthedisk).+EvenifHOrDFUends ungracefullytheDFUexithandlerwillalwaysOUNLOCKthedisk.EDFpf, dF O14.6CError reporting&VERIFY%mydisk,O"%DFU-I-VERIFY,% Verifying%MYDISK::Oi%DFU-S-CHKHOME,%Home%block%info&verified&OK3O%DFU-I-IFSCAN,%Scanning% INDEXF.SYS&...4O%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP,%Checking% BITMAP.SYS...8OA%DFU-I-CHKLOST,%Checking%for&lost%files...2O%DFU-I-CHKQUOTA,&Checking& QUOTA.SYS...-ODFU>&VERIFY/REBUILD& sys$sysdevice4O:%DFU-W-LOCKED,%Volume%now&write&locked3O%DFU=I-VERIFY,% Verifying%SYS$SYSDEVICE::O%DFU-S-CHKHOME,%Home%block%info&verified&OK[O%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (620,351,1)%RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3%marked&for%deleteUOZ%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (6349,173,1)%DCLTABLES.EXE;937%marked&for%delete\O%DFU-W-DELETED,%file% (19745,35,1)%RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3&marked%for%delete4O%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP,%Checking% BITMAP.SYS...bO2%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR,&blocks%LBN%2667141%through&2667143% incorrectly%marked& allocatedbOz%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR,&blocks%LBN%2667153%through&2667161% incorrectly%marked& allocated . .=OR%DFU-S-RBDBITMAP,% BITMAP.SYS& succesfully&rebuild8O%DFU-I-CHKLOST,%Checking%for&lost%files...*O%DFU-I-UNLOCK,%Volume%unlockedOKDFU>`g66OVERIFYcanreportthe followingerrors:F EGh &\ 000000.DIR directoryonRVN1, thendo a SET4 FILE/REMOVEfromthewrong 000000.DIR.m.O DELETED,filemarkedfordelete,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:5Afilewasfoundmarkedfor deletion.O^SuchfilesusuallyexistsasaresultoffilebeingdeletedMwhileitwasstill INSTALLed,orasaresultofasystemLcrash.+Itisnot consideredasanerror.+Youcantryto5hdeletesuchfilesbyusing VERIFY/FIX.Sn k)/O ERRHOME,HomeblockinfonotOK,k Severity:PkERROR Explanation:4TheInfo containedintheHomeBlock.^wasnot consistentor corrupted. UserAction:4RunANALYZE/DISK/REPAIRtotrytofixRtheerror.uo ~K3O INVBAKFID,filehasinvalid backlink,k Severity:PkERROR Explanation:>Thefilesbacklinkfileidisnotfilledin.R^Thisislikelytobealostfile.'(NotethatonceVERIFYre-Nportsthiserror,itwillnotbereportedagainduringthePLOSTFILEcheck).'ButisalsopossiblethatthefileisinaUhvalid directory,butthattheBacklinkfileidisnotfilledin. UserAction:,RunANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR.IftheO\fileisinavalid directorythebacklinkwillbe repaired.K Otherwisethefilewillbemovedtothe [SYSLOST]direc-L tory.'Youcanalsouse VERIFY/FIXbutthenthefilewill4eunconditionallybemovedto [SYSLOST].wp kM.O LOCKED,fileisdeaccesslocked,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Thefileisdeaccesslocked.(Thismaybea'^resultofasystemcrash. UserAction:9TrytounlockthefilewiththeDFUSET2Rcommand,ortheDCLUNLOCKcommand.q =O LOSTHDR1,filefoundin nonexistent directory,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Duringthelostfilecheckafilewasdis-G^coveredina nonexistent directory.-ThiserrorcanbeJcausedasfollows:'seta directoryfileto NODIRECTORYanddeleteit. UserAction:7Run VERIFY/FIXtomovethefiletothe [SYSLOST] directory.r! &AO LOSTHDR2,filefoundin directorywithbadback-( link, Severity:PWARNING^ Explanation:<^Duringthelostfilecheckafilewasdis-Jcoveredinavalid directory.)However,the directoryhasLaninvalid backlink.(Thiserrorcanbecausedbydoinga3hSET FILE/REMOVEofa directoryfile. UserAction:7Run VERIFY/FIXtomovethe directorytoF\the [SYSLOST] directory.)Thenmovethe directorybackQtothecorrect location.'Thefilesinthe directoryshouldbe  accesibleagain.suU9O LOSTHDR3,filefoundininvalid directory,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Duringthelostfilecheckafilewasdis-I^coveredina directorywhichisnotavalid directory.OEitherthefilehasawrong backlink,orthe directoryfile9hasthe directoryfile attributenotset. UserAction:6Lookupthe directoryanduseDFUSETPtosetthe directorybit.(Ifthe directoryfilewasOKthen8\run VERIFY/FIXtorecoverthelostfile.IGFHt 2O LOSTHDR4,notfoundina directory,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:/Whenthe/DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifierN^isused,DFUdetectsfileswhichhaveavalidbacklinkbutMwhicharenotseeninthe directory.(Thiscanberepairedwith/FIX. UserAction:9Using/FIXwillenterthesefilesinthecorrect directory.du :2O MULTALLOC,blocksmultiple allocated,k Severity:PkERROR Explanation:9Afilehasblocks allocatedwhichalreadyG^belongtoanotherfile.+NotethatVERIFYwillmakeaHsecondpassthrough INDEXF.SYStoreportallthefilesQ involved.(Thisisaseriouserror,andmaybearesultofaGhdiskbeingmountedontwo seperated VAXClusters(ora# partitioned VAXCluster).\ UserAction:3\CopyallthefilesfoundtoanotherC location.1Nextallthefilesmustbedeleted.2RunA VERIFY/REBUILDtorepairtheBITMAP.Alltheaf-Neflictedfilesmustbemanually inspectedtoseewhichfiles1arevalidandwhichare corrupted.vkm9O NOBITCLR,DeletedfileheadermarkedBUSY,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:9Afilewasdeleted.)The correspondingbitL^intheINDEXFbitmapshouldbeclearedbutisstillset.+Thisisnotaseriouserror.R UserAction:3RRunVERIFY/REBUILDtofixtheerror.w! kV8O NOBITSET,indexfilebitmapbitnotset,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:<Avalidfilewasfound,butthe correspond-N^ingindexfilebitmapbitisclear.,Thisisnotaseriouserror.R UserAction:3RRunVERIFY/REBUILDtofixtheerror.Ox %)O NOOWNER,filehasnoowner,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:8AfilewasfoundwithUIC[0,0]asthe6^owner.'Thisisnotanormal situation. UserAction:=Lookupthefileandmodifythefileowner.ny /D=O QUOTAERR,UIC[x,y]hasnblocksused,QUOTA( indicatesmblocks, Severity:PWARNING^ Explanation:7^Ifadiskhas diskquotaenabled,VERIFYG calculatestheblocksusedandcomparesthemwiththeHvalueinthe QUOTA.SYSfile.(Anymismatchis reported.JhThiserrorisoftenseenwhenVERIFYisrun,andthereMis concurrentfileactivityonthedisk.-Also,ifafteraAsystemcrashthediskismountedwith /NOREBUILDCrsuchQuota mismatchesmayexist.(ReRunVERIFYwith;/LOCKtoseeiftheerrorisstillthere.e UserAction:/eRunVERIFY/REBUILDtorebuildthe=QUOTAfile.)Orruna DISKQUOTA>REBUILDcom-mand.z 3O SLFBAKFID,backlinkpointstoitself,k Severity:PkWARNING Explanation:7Thiserror indicatesthatDFUhasfoundO^a directorywithabacklinkpointingtoitself.'ThisfeatureJisonlyallowedfortheMFD 000000.DIR.ThiserrorwillEresultin ANALYZE/DISKgoingintoa COMputableloop. UserAction:3Run VERIFY/FIXtomovethe directoryFtothe [SYSLOST] directory.)Thenremovethe directoryB\entryfromitselfwithaSET FILE/REMOVEcommand.GThefilesinthe directoryshouldbe accesibleagain.  H G:{OVERIFY*|d}::OVERIFYadevicefordisk structureerrors.U~+OFormatOsVERIFYN device[:]vLO ParametersOsdevice(OThedevicetobe verified.HO QualifiersOs/APPEND=filenamePOThis qualifier redirectstheoutputtobeappendedtoanal-XO$readyexistingfile.)IftheoutputfiledoesnotexistsitwillbeHO|created.'Youcanuse/APPENDor/OUTPUTbutnotboth. O/DIRECTORY_SCANOO(Performsafull directoryscan.(Thismaytakeupsometime,OObutitallows detectionof mismatchesbetweenthe directoriesOand INDEXF.SYS.KO/FIXO(/NOFIX (default)IORepairerrorsonthedisk.0FilemarkedfordeletewillNObedeletedandlostfilesand directorieswillbemovedtoO2 [SYSLOST].t JO/LOCKO(/NOLOCK (default)QOLocksthediskforfileallocation/deletion.)Thisgivesacon-QOsistentreportforthedisk,butotherusersmay experienceaPO2delaywhen accessingthedisk.'Thedevicewillbeunlockeda-OtheendoftheVERIFYcommand.WO/OUTPUT=filenameRO(This qualifier redirectstheoutputtoafile.*TheoutputwillFOalsogoto SYS$OUTPUT.CAUTION:ifyouuse/LOCKinHO combinationwith/OUTPUTbecarefultospecifyanout-MO2putfileonANOTHERdisk,orDFUwillfinishwithasevereOerror.O/REBUILDO( /NOREBUILD (default)JOPerformavolumerebuild.,Usingthis qualifierwilltem-7Oporarilylockthediskforotherusers.O /STATISTICSNO(This qualifierdisplaysthe performance statistics:(CPUtime,/OElapsedTime,I/Oand PageFaults.*e &&  !"""""################$%%%%%%%%%%%%&&&&&''''0((((((((((((((((((((((()**+++++++++,,,,,,,,,,,,,,-.///01111233333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333345567777777777777777777777777777777778999::;;;;;;;;;<============>?@@@@@AAABBBBCCCDEEFFFFFFFFFFFFGGGGGGGHHHHHHHHHHHHH!!1. Introduction1. Introduction1. Introduction1. Introduction1.1 Support on DFU1.1 Support on DFU1.1 Support on DFU1.2 General description1.2 General description1.2 General description1.2 General description1.2 General description,1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6,1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6,1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6,1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6,1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6,1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters&1.4 Restrictions and Parameters+1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features+1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features+1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features2. Using DFU!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure!2.1 Installation procedure2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.2 Security and access2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU2.3 Running DFU&2.4 Using an indirect file list&2.4 Using an indirect file list"3. The SMG output interface!3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG83.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen#3.3 Layout of the SMG screen"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands"3.4 Special Screen commands3.5 Side effects3.5 Side effects4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics4. DFU basics5. ODS-5 features5. ODS-5 features5. ODS-5 features5. ODS-5 features6. DEFRAG6.1 Description6.1 Description6.1 Description6.2 Error messages6.2 Error messages6.2 Error messages DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG7. DELETE7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction7.1 Introduction DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE DELETE8. DIRECTORY8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction8.1 Introduction.8.2 Discussion of directory compression.8.2 Discussion of directory compression.8.2 Discussion of directory compression.8.2 Discussion of directory compression.8.2 Discussion of directory compression8.3 Output formatting8.3 Output formatting8.3 Output formatting8.3 Output formattingDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORYDIRECTORY9. REPORT9.1 Description9.1 Description9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output9.2 Syntax and Output REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT REPORT10. SEARCH10.1 Introduction10.2 Syntax and Output10.2 Syntax and Output10.2 Syntax and Output!10.3 Volume Set processing10.4 Output formatting10.4 Output formatting10.4 Output formatting10.4 Output formatting)10.5 UIC and identifier processing SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH11. SET11.1 Introduction11.1 Introduction)11.2 UIC and identifier processing SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET SET12. UNDELETE12.1 Introduction12.1 Introduction12.1 Introduction%12.2 File specification syntax%12.2 File specification syntax12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works12.3 How Undelete works#12.4 Files marked for deleteUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETEUNDELETE13. SPAWN14. VERIFY14.1 Introduction14.1 Introduction14.1 Introduction14.1 Introduction14.1 Introduction 14.2 Basic repair actions 14.2 Basic repair actions 14.2 Basic repair actions#14.3 Advanced repair actions#14.3 Advanced repair actions#14.3 Advanced repair actions#14.3 Advanced repair actions14.4 Directory scanning14.4 Directory scanning14.4 Directory scanning14.5 Interpreting errors14.6 Error reporting14.6 Error reporting5ALLOCCLR, blocks incorrectly marked allocated,0ALLOCSET, blocks incorrectly marked free,/BADBLOCK, file has suspected bad blocks,2BADEXTLNK, link to extension header broken,@BADMFDLNK, directory has backlink to 000000.DIR on RVN n,'DELETED, file marked for delete,'ERRHOME, Home block info not OK,,INVBAKFID, file has invalid backlink,'LOCKED, file is deaccess locked,5LOSTHDR1, file found in nonexistent directory,=LOSTHDR2, file found in directory with bad back- link,1LOSTHDR3, file found in invalid directory,*LOSTHDR4, not found in a directory,,MULTALLOC, blocks multiple allocated,1NOBITCLR, Deleted file header marked BUSY,/NOBITSET, index file bitmap bit not set,"NOOWNER, file has no owner,GQUOTAERR, UIC [x,y] has n blocks used, QUOTA indicates m blocks,,SLFBAKFID, backlink points to itself, VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY.F F ch1 hd1_0 hd1_1 hd1_2 hd1_3$ hd1_4' ch2( hd2_12 hd2_29 hd2_3? hd2_4A chnewBhdsmg_1Chdsmg_1aDhdsmg_2Hhdsmg_3Nhdsmg_4P ch3\chods5` ch4a hd4_1d hd4_2gdefragr ch6s hd6_1xdelete ch7 hd7_1 hd7_2 hd7_3directory ch8 hd8_1 hd8_2report ch9 hd9_1 hd9_2 hd9_3 hd9_4 hd9_5search ch10hd10_1hd10_2 set8 ch119hd11_1<hd11_1a>hd11_2Ghd11_3HundeleteT ch12U ch13Vhd13_1[hd13_2^hd13_3bhd13_4ehd13_5fhd13_6{verify B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-180-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-100-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1@-ADOBE-Helvetica-Bold-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1O-ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Medium-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1/-ADOBE-Symbol-*-R-*--*-140-*-*-P-*-*-*@-ADOBE-Courier-Medium-R-Normal--*-120-*-*-M-*-ISO8859-1B-ADOBE-Helvetica-Medium-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1M -ADOBE-New Century Schoolbook-Bold-R-Normal--*-140-*-*-P-*-ISO8859-1ix&!*\F,k1,sB4 x$"&6&-21?5*6789>=tAnC`,NQQSTr Z2Z _hhRr&viwzX< xF"jt2:<0V*,d\ `(i   0[SYSHLP]DFU026.DECW$BOOKSHELFz5ޜ'ޜlIHIlJBOOK\dfu026_free\DFU I2.60[SYSHLP]DFU026.HTML@?@nVZBVޜ/Vޜ"? ?lIHIlJ>V'0)?DFU I2.6 !

DFU I2.6

3DFU Disk / File Utilities for OpenVMS VAX and Alpha

&Revision Information:This manual supersedes V2.5

Date: October 1998

"Operating System:OpenVMS V6.2 thru 7.2

Note:Part of the Freeware Software


(OpenVMS Freeware for VAX and AXP Systems

GThe OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM contains free software tools and utilities Eto aid software developers in creating applications and managing and using OpenVMS systems.

EMany of these tools are popular packages already widely known and in Guse, while others are internally developed Digital tools our engineers Hare making available to our OpenVMS customers. For example, the OpenVMS HFreeware CD-ROM includes Bliss-32 for OpenVMS VAX, Bliss-32 for OpenVMS "AXP, and Bliss-64 for OpenVMS AXP.

-Disclaimer on Testing, Quality, and Licensing

HThe OpenVMS Freeware for VAX and AXP Systems CD-ROM is provided "AS IS" Gwithout warranty. Digital imposes no restrictions on its distribution, Enor on the redistribution of anything on it. Be aware, however, that Gsome of the packages on the CD-ROM may carry restrictions on their use Fimposed by the original authors. Therefore, you should carefully read ,the documentation accompanying the products.

HDigital Equipment Corporation is providing this software free of charge Fand without warranty. Included in the [FREEWARE] directory on this CD Eare the GNU software licenses. Unless otherwise stated in sources or Fsource packages, the GNU licenses cover all software supplied on this CD.

BDigital makes no claims about the quality of this software. It is +provided to the customer as a free service.

Copyright ©1998






9

Contents




:

Chapter 1
Introduction



BThe Disk / File utilities is a tool developed to help finding and Csolving disk , directory and file problems. The usage of low-level CVMS-I/O features have resulted in a powerfull and high-performance Gutility. Also, DFU provides many features which are not available with normal DCL commands.

BDFU supports all types of disk sets which comply to the VMS ODS-2 Fstandard such as volume sets, stripe sets, shadow sets and RAID sets, ;and combinations of these. Spiralog disks are NOT supported

FDFU also supports the new Extended File Specifications (also known as 3ODS-5) which is introduced in VMS 7.2 (Alpha-only).

!DFU is fully Year-2000 compliant.5

1.1 Support on DFU



:Although there is no official support on DFU you may mail <questions/remarks/bug reports to the author via internet at:

 ton.dorland@digital.com.

:

1.2 General description

>DFU provides the following functions (in alphabetical order) :
    H
  • DEFRAG : This function allows simple defragmentation of a file or  files.J
  • DELETE : This function allows either a delete by file-id, or a fast @ delete of a complete directory or directory tree with all its  subdirectories./
  • DIRECTORY : This function has 7 options :
      
    1. COMPRESS a directory'
    2. DUMP a directory block by block3
    3. CREATE a directory with a preallocated size%
    4. RECOVER a corrupted directoryI
    5. Search all directories on the disk for files which have multiple versionsA
    6. Search all directories on the disk for alias file entries@
    7. Search all directories on the disk for empty directories
    I
  • REPORT : Generates a file and free space report for a disk. Also a F disk space usage report, based on UIC/Identifier, can be generated, / even on a disk which has disk quota disabled.H
  • SEARCH : Look up files on a disk by specific file attributes (eg. + files sizes, dates, ownership, and so on)H
  • SET : This functions allows setting of vitually all possible file attributes./
  • UNDELETE : A safe file recovery function.I
  • VERIFY : This function performs a fast disk structure verification F and can optionally repair certain disk structure errors (comparable  with ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR).

    BEach function is described in detail in the corresponding chapter.

    >DFU is supported on OpenVMS V6.2 through V7.2 (VAX and Alpha).I

    1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6

    

    HThis version of DFU offers some improved and new features, as well as a Ecouple of bugfixes. All bugfixes previous released as V2.5 ECO 1 and DECO 2 are included in V2.6. The table below lists all new features :

      D
    • DFU completely supports the new ODS-5 file system on VMS 7.2, I including ISO-Latin1 file names. DFU does not fully support UCS-2 file  names.E
    • DFU supports deep directories , which is a new VMS 7.2 feature.4
    • All code has been reviewed for Y2K compliancy.
    • New Search qualifiers :
        F
      1. /LIMIT=(minimum :n, maximum :m) : List all directories with a / default file version limit between n and m.I
      2. /FULL will now also list the last access date and last attribute  date (VMS 7.2 only)?
      3. Qualifiers to search for the new VMS 7.2 date fields : B /ACCESS=(BEFORE=date | SINCE=date) and /ATTRIB=(BEFORE=date |  SINCE=date).G
      4. /TYPE=ODS2 | ODS5 : search for specific ODS2 or ODS5 type file headers.
      I
    • SET : New qualifiers to set the new V7.2 file dates : /ACCESS=date ) , /NOACCESS and /ATTRIB=date, /NOATTRIBG
    • REPORT now reports the Erase and/or Highwater marking attributes.I
    • Directory processing is now optimized by using Fast-IO features of # VMS (7.1 and higher, Alpha only).D
    • VERIFY will now detect and repair (/FIX) a broken backlink to  VMS$COMMON.DIRI
    • The diskquota list restriction of 750 entries has been lifted; DFU 8 now supports an unlimited number of diskquota entries.A
    • All commands have been enhanced with paging support (/PAGE F qualifier). This only works in SMG mode and allows the output to be  presented page by page.

      +The following bugs and problems are fixed :

        G
      • DIRECTORY/ALIAS did not report alias files in the same directory.F
      • DIRECTORY/COMPRESS could set the directory bit on non-directory  files.D
      • SEARCH/ACE did not report matching ACE's in extension headers.
      

      B

      1.4 Restrictions and Parameters

      (The DFU program has a few restrictions :
        ?
      • DFU can not handle volume sets with more than 32 members.
      

      CThe following minimum process quotas are recommended for DFU usage:

        
      • WSQUOTA : 1500
      • WSEXTENT : 3000
      • DIOLM : 40
      • ASTLM : 40
      • FILLM : 40
      • BYTLM : 30000
      • PGFLQUOTA : 30000
      

      EIf you use DFU on volume sets with a large number of members you may 1need to increase the SYSGEN parameter CHANNELCNT.

      EIf you use the directory command on very large directory files (> H1000 blocks) and run into errors you may need to increase the following parameters:

        <
      • WSQUOTA at least 1000 + size-of-largest directory file(
      • WSEXTENT : WSQUOTA + at least 10000
      • CTLPAGES (SYSGEN parameter) : at least 1002
      • WSMAX (SYSGEN parameter) : at least WSEXTENT
      

      EDo not change parameters unless you run into errors such as EXCEEDED )QUOTA or INSUFFICIENT WORKING SET LIMITS.G

      1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features

      

      EVMS 7.1 introduced a way to improve I/O performance, called FAST-IO. HThis feature does only work on Alpha. DFU will try to perform directory @processing using FAST-IO. If this fails DFU will switch back to E'normal' I/O. To enable FAST-IO the following conditions must be met:

        G
      • The user must have the identifier VMS$BUFFER_OBJECT_USER granted.J
      • There must be sufficient free Buffer object space. This is governed J by the SYSGEN parameter MAXBOBMEM. DFU may require up to 1000 MAXBOBMEM  pages.
      

      HIf DFU can use FAST-IO then commands such as DIR/ALIAS, DIR/VERSION and 6VERIFY/DIR will gain a 10-15% performance improvement.


      7

      Chapter 2
      Using DFU

      

      DThis chapter describes the installation procedure and other actions which must be taken to run DFU.=

      2.1 Installation procedure

      

      CDFU must be installed with the PRODUCT INSTALL utility. During the 0installation PRODUCT INSTALL does the following:

        4
      • Moves the documentation to SYS$HELP (Optional)
      • Relinks DFUG
      • Creates the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier needed to perform the special ) privileged functions. (See chapter 2.2)
      

      /The DFU utility in fact contains just 2 files :

        *
      1. SYS$SYSTEM:DFU.EXE : the DFU program1
      2. SYS$HELP:DFUHLP.HLB : the on-line help file
      

      =The installation no longer offers an opportunity for private Hinstallation. If you don't want DFU to be available systemwide you must Bmanually move DFU.EXE and the help file to your private directory.

      FTo install DFU log in into a privileged account. Next, copy the .PCSI Ginstallation kit to disk:[directory] (may be anywhere on your system). HNote that there are two different kits, one for the VAX and one for the ;Alpha architecture, named DEC-VAXVMS-DFU-V0206--1.PCSI and ?DEC-AXPVMS-DFU-V0206--1.PCSI. Next enter the following command:

      .$ Product Install DFU/SOURCE=disk:[directory]   )The following product has been selected: DEC VAXVMS DFU V2.6  Do you want to continue? [YES]  
      

      0If you enter YES the installation will proceed :

       =*** DEC VAXVMS DFU V2.6: Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS  ?    Do you want all the default values for this product? [YES]  
      

      FIf you enter YES DFU will be installed with all manuals. If you enter FNO you will be prompted for the manuals you want to install. Finally, 5Product Install will continue with the installation :

       ,%PCSIUI-I-DONEASK, execution phase starting )The following product will be installed: DEC VAXVMS DFU V2.6  H%PCSI-I-VOLINFO, estimated space information for volume DISK$OPENVMSVAX :-PCSI-I-VOLSPC, 93 required; 373793 available; 373700 net  6Portion Done: 0%...10%...20%...30%...70%...80%...100%  *The following product has been installed: DEC VAXVMS DFU V2.6  
      

      :If you installed DFU system wide you may manually execute BSYS$STARTUP:DFU$STARTUP.COM on any node in the cluster. Executing ADFU$STARTUP.COM adds DFU.EXE to the installed file list and thus Eimproves performance. if you want DFU Installed each time the system Dboots you must add the command @SYS$STARTUP:DFU$STARTUP to the file SYS$STARTUP:SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM.

      DNext you must grant any DFU user including yourself the DFU_ALLPRIV Gidentifiers if they must be able to use all DFU functions. See chapter '2.2 for the meaning of this identifier.:

      2.2 Security and access

      

      DDFU has some functions which must not be made available for general Gusage. Therefore DFU has a certain group of commands which require the >user to be granted the DFU_ALLPRIV qualifier. The DFU_ALLPRIV Eidentifier is created during the installation procedure. To enable a Fuser to perform these special functions the system manager must grant this identifier as follows :

      $ mc authorize &UAF> grant/id DFU_ALLPRIV username 
      

      GIf the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier is not granted then the functions listed below cannot be performed :

      1. DEFRAG
      2. DELETE/FILE
      3. SPAWN
      4. UNDELETE#
      5. VERIFY/FIX and VERIFY/REBUILD
      

      ENote that this behaviour is different from previous versions of DFU. HSome commands which required the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier on previous DFU =versions have been removed from the list above. It is highly Arecommended that the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier is only granted to a limited number of users.

      2All DFU functions need SYSPRV or BYPASS privilege.

      %IMPORTANT *** IMPORTANT *** IMPORTANT

      EPlease note that the DFU$STARTUP.COM procedure installs DFU.EXE with FBYPASS privilege. Because of the new SPAWN command you must not grant Hnon-privileged users the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier. Otherwise they can get Hthe BYPASS privilege simply by using the SPAWN command. As a workaround Cyou can change the DFU$STARTUP.COM procedure to remove the /BYPASS #privilege from the INSTALL command.2

      2.3 Running DFU

      

      To run DFU you can enter :

      $ RUN disk:[mydir]DFU 
      

      $or (if DFU is installed systemwide):

      	$ MC DFU 
      

      8You can also define and use a symbol for DFU as follows:

      $ DFU == "$disk:[dir]DFU" $ DFU 
      

      DFU now prompts with :

      1    Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.6     Freeware version 5    Copyright (C) 1998 DIGITAL Equipment Corporation  DFU> 
      

      GYou can now enter DFU commands. HELP gives you online help. After each Ccommand DFU returns to the DFU> prompt. You can recall and edit Ecommands, just as with DCL (20 commands will be stored in the recall Gbuffer). Use EXIT or CTRL/Z to leave DFU. If you use a symbol for DFU, @you also process a single command and return to DCL immediately:

      $DFU SEARCH disk/qualifiers 
      

      EDuring a DFU run, you can interrupt DFU with CTRL/C or CTRL/Y. These Ginterrupts are caught by DFU to allow a correct rundown of the current Bcommand. It may therefore take some time before DFU responds to a CTRL/C or Y interrupt.B

      2.4 Using an indirect file list

      

      @There are 3 commands, DIRECTORY, DEFRAG and SET which accept an Hindirect file as input parameter. This is achieved by using the @ sign. FAn indirect file is a file containing a list of valid filenames (each Fline in such a file must contain exactly one filename). Such indirect ;files can be the output file of the DFU Search command eg.:

      $ DFU 0DFU> SEARCH mydisk/CHAR=DIRECTORY/OUTPUT=x.x  DFU> DIRECTORY/COMPRESS @x.x 
      

      


      F

      Chapter 3
      The SMG output interface

      

      CDFU uses SMG (Screen management routines) to perform output for an Finteractive DFU session. This chapter describes the layout of the DFU Fscreen, the special commands used only in the SMG interface and other (items with respect to the SMG interface.>=

      3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG

      

      CDFU automatically selects SMG output if you run an interactive DFU Hsession on a terminal or workstation which supports SMG. In a batch job Hor a non-DEC terminal DFU will use normal line oriented output. You can Fexplicitly disable SMG by defining the logical DFU$NOSMG to any value.T

      3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode

      DYou may prefer to perform interactive DFU sessions in SMG mode, and Gsingle DFU commands in normal line mode. This can be done by using the command procedure listed below:
       0$! Procedure to switch beteen SMG and line mode $ DFU = "$DFU" $ if p1 .eqs. "" $ then $!Interactive session $$ define/user sys$input sys$command $ dfu $ else  $!Single command so disable SMG $ define/user dfu$nosmg x .$ dfu 'p1' 'p2' 'p3' 'p4' 'p5' 'p6' 'p7' 'p8' $ endif $ exit 
      

      ?

      3.3 Layout of the SMG screen

      0After starting DFU the screen looks as follows :
      T+-----------------------< DFU V2.6 (Freeware) >-----------------------------+ N|                                                                           | N|     Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.6                          | N|     Freeware version                                                      | N|     Copyright  1998 DIGITAL Equipment Corporation                        | N|                                                                           | N|     DFU functions are :                                                   | N|                                                                           | N|     DEFRAGMENT : Defragment files                                         | N|     DELETE     : Delete files by File-ID; delete directory (trees)        | N|     DIRECTORY  : Manipulate directories                                   | N|     REPORT     : Generate a complete disk report                          | N|     SEARCH     : Fast file search                                         | N|     SET        : Modify file attributes                                   | N|     UNDELETE   : Recover deleted files                                    | N|     VERIFY     : Check and repair disk structure                          | N|                                                                           | N|                                                                           | N+----------------------------------Statistics-------------------------------+ N|                                                                           | N|                                                                           | N+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ N DFU>                                                                      
      

      'This screen is divided into 3 sections:

        F
      • Main Screen : the top part of the screen is used for the output E from DFU commands. Also broadcast messages are send to this window.G
      • Statistics : the lower part contains statistics from the current B command. During most of the commands this screen will contain a : progress indicator and a status for the current command.E
      • DFU prompt : the bottom line is used as the input command line.
      

      >

      3.4 Special Screen commands

      :In SMG mode the following keys perform special functions :
        ;
      • DO : invokes a subprocess (same as the SPAWN command)F
      • HELP or PF2 : invokes a special SMG window for the help command.!
      • CTRL/W : redraws the screen>
      • PF4 : creates a screen dump into the file DFU_SCREEN.TXT3
      • PREV SCREEN : Scrolls back the output screen.5
      • NEXT SCREEN : Scrolls forward the output screen)
      • INSERT HERE : Scrolls back one line'
      • REMOVE : Scrolls forward one line2
      • SELECT : Toggles between 80 and 132 columns.
      

      HAlthough only some 20 lines are visible in the output (main) screen DFU Din fact remembers 500 output lines. You can scroll back and forward Dthrough one screen with the NEXT and PREV SCREEN keys, and one line Gwith the REMOVE and INSERT HERE keys. At the beginning of each new DFU command these lines are cleared.

      AIf you execute a command which produces a lot of output, you can 1paginate the output by using the /PAGE qualifier.

      GOn a workstation with DECwindows/Motif you can change the DECterm size =to be more than the standard 24 lines. DFU's SMG screen will :automatically adjust to the screen size of such a DecTerm.

      3

      3.5 Side effects

      HThere are a few side effects when using SMG mode. CTRL/C and CTRL/Y are Dcatched but not echoed. Also all broadcast messages are trapped and Cwill be displayed in the main screen at the end of the current DFU Hcommand. Sometimes this may slightly disrupt the main screen, which can be repaired with the CTRL/W key.

      ?Further, during the execution of a DFU command the cursor will Fdisappear. After the command finishes the cursor will reappear at the DFU> prompt.


      8

      Chapter 4
      DFU basics

      

      ANote : this chapter is meant for first time users of DFU. If you ;already used DFU before you may probably skip this chapter.

      FThis chapter gives a brief overview of the commands which can be used ?with DFU, and how they can provide the system manager with the necessary information.

      COne of most common actions by a system manager is trying to locate Fspecific files eg. files with a certain file size. Although a lot can Dbe done with the VMS DIRECTORY command this can be a time consuming Eprocess, especially if the complete disk must be scanned. The SEARCH Dcommand of DFU is exactly meant for this situation. It gives a very Hquick list of specific files, with their size, and if needed the number 4of file fragments. Some useful SEARCH commands are :

      ?DFU> SEARCH disk/SIZE=MINIMUM=1000 (files > 1000 blocks) 9DFU> SEARCH disk/IDENT=SYSTEM (files owned by SYSTEM) KDFU> SEARCH disk/FRAGMENT=MINIMUM=10 (files with at least 10 fragments) >DFU> SEARCH disk/CHAR=MARKED (all files marked for delete) PDFU> SEARCH disk/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY (all files created since YESTERDAY) 
      

      HOf course these qualifiers can be combined to narrow the search. As the GSEARCH command scans INDEXF.SYS, not directories, the output generated Gby SEARCH may look a bit random (but it is just the order in which the Gfile headers are in the INDEXF.SYS file). To smooth the output use the /SORT qualifier.

      HAnother important action for a system manager is to gather some overall Edisk information, such as number of files, free space statistics and Hfragmentation information. The REPORT command will generate such a disk Breport. To get individual disk space usage information the /USAGE Equalifier can be used. This will work even if there is no disk quota enabled on the disk.

      DAt regular intervals a system manager may need to check a disk with DANALYZE/DISK. The DFU VERIFY command provides more or less the same Ffunctionality but many times faster. The /FIX qualifier provides some HREPAIR options which (unlike ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR) do NOT lock the disk, Hand thus do not interfere with other disk operations. However, the disk :can be rebuilt completely by using the /REBUILD qualifier.

      BOccasionaly a user will delete the wrong file, leaving the system Gmanager or operator with the tedious task of restoring the file from a Gbackup set. The UNDELETE command may be able to recover the file if it Fhas not yet been overwritten with a new one. Much care has been taken Hto make this command as safe as possible; therefore no disk corruptions Fwill be the result of an UNDELETE. If DFU encounters a problem with a +deleted file it will refuse to UNDELETE it.

      HAnother type of typical system manager problems deals with directories. BThe DFU command DIRECTORY can handle such problems. DIRECTORY can ?generate reports about empty directories (/EMPTY qualifier) or Bdirectories which contain files with a certain number of versions @(/VERSION=n qualifier). Also, directories may become internally Dfragmented. This can be quickly solved with the /COMPRESS qualifier.

      GA second problem with directories is in deleting a directory with many Hfiles. This may take several hours using a DCL DELETE *.* command. This Dproblem is solved by using DFU's DELETE/DIRECTORY command which can Edelete large directories some 10 times faster than the normal DELETE Acommand does. Also, using DELETE/DIR/TREE will delete a complete %directory tree with just one command.

      GThe last 2 commands deal with individual files. SET allows settings of Hsome special file attributes. Since VMS V6.0 this functionality is also Eprovided by the DCL SET FILE/ATTRIBUTE command, but DFU's SET offers Fsome more options. The DEFRAG command is an interface to the MOVEFILE =function offered by VMS 5.5 and higher. This allows a simple $defragmentation of individual files.

      FThe next chapters gives a detailed description of each individual DFU command.

      


      <

      Chapter 5
      ODS-5 features

      

      HVMS 7.2 introduces an extension on the current ODS2 file system, called Fthe Extended File Specifications, or ODS-5. This feature is available Donly on Alpha systems. Also, VMS 7.2 adds support for 255 levels of Bsubdirectories. This is often called deep-directory support. Both Bfeatures are now fully supported by DFU V2.6. There is no need to Cperform any special action to execute DFU commands on ODS-5 disks. DNevertheless the following points are worth to be considered before %using DFU on VMS 7.2 and ODS-5 disks:

        J
      1. It is highly recommended to add the following command to LOGIN.COM :
         $ SET PROCESS/PARSE=EXTENDED 
        F
        This allows easy usage of the new file naming scheme (such as 8 lower-case character, multiple dots in a file name).C
      2. File names can become large, either trough the file name, or F because we can have 255 levels of subdirectories. A filename longer G than 255 characters will be abbreviated into a so-called DID-ed name.
      

      FA DID-ed name looks like 'device:[x,y,z]file.ext'. As can be seen the Hdirectory string has been replaced by the file id (x,y,z) of the parent directory.


      4

      Chapter 6
      DEFRAG

      

      FThis chapter describes the DEFRAG command with the related parameters and qualifiers.2

      6.1 Description

      

      FThe DEFRAG command can be used to defragment a single file or a group Hof files. You can also enter an indirect command file containing a list Gof files. This feature allows you to create an output file with SEARCH #and use that as an input to DEFRAG.

      DDEFRAG makes use of the file-primitive MOVEFILE function. Therefore =files which are open, or which are marked NOMOVE will not be DEFRAGmented.

      5

      6.2 Error messages

      /The most common errors returned by DEFRAG are :
        .
      • ACCONFLICT: File is open by another userJ
      • DEVICEFULL: Device has not enough contiguous free space to move the entire file-
      • FILNOTACC: File has been set to NOMOVE.D
      • FILENUMCHK: You tried to move a reserved file (eg INDEXF.SYS).C
      • RMS Errors: Almost always caused by an invalid or wrong file  specifcation.
      

      


      '

      DEFRAG

      

      1Defragment a file or a list of files on the disk.
      
      

      Format

      %

      DEFRAG file1,file2,@file...

      
      

      PARAMETERS

      

      file1,file2,@file...

      EThe file(s) to be defragmented. You can also use an indirect command Efile (@file) which contains a list of files to be defragmented. This ?may be an output file generated with the SEARCH/OUTPUT command.
      
      

      QUALIFIERS

      

      /BESTTRY

      CNormally DEFRAG tries to create a contiguous file. If there is not Henough contiguous free space the operation will fail. With the /BESTTRY Equalifier DEFRAG tries to move the file with the contiguous-best-try Fmethod. This means a maximum of 3 fragments. You should only use this Equalifier when a normal DEFRAG fails. If a DEFRAG/BESTTRY also fails Hthis is an indication that the disk's free space is too fragmented. Run Ea REPORT to see what the largest contiguous free space is, and check #the free space fragmentation index.

      /DEVICE

      FThe device on which the files reside. The device name is added to the Gfile name. If you generate a file list with the DFU SEARCH command you Hdon't need this qualifier anymore. However you may have a list of files Fproduced from another source and thus need to append a device name to it. Example:
      5  DFU> SEARCH mydisk/...../frag=min=50/output=x.x   DFU> DEFRAG @x.x 
      "

      /LBN=logical-block-number

      HForces a single file to be moved to the specified logical block number. :Do not use this qualifier when processing a list of files.

      /STATISTICS

      FThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.

      /WRITECHECK

      ;Perform a writecheck on the resultant file. The default is E/NOWRITECHECK. Note that a writecheck doubles the number of involved disk I/O's.
      

      


      4

      Chapter 7
      DELETE

      

      FThis chapter describes the DELETE command with the related parameters and qualifiers.3

      7.1 Introduction

      

      .The DELETE command is designed for 2 purposes:

        @
      1. Delete a file by file id (with the /FILE qualifier). This J functionality is needed to be able to delete files which no longer have I a parent directory. This way 'lost' files and (sometimes) files marked ( for delete can be removed from a disk.G
      2. A fast method to delete a complete directory or even a directory I tree (with the /DIRECTORY and /TREE qualifier). First all entries of a J directory are deleted without removing the directory entry ; this saves E a lot of unnecessary directory updates. Finally the directory file D itself is deleted, unless the /KEEP qualifier is used. This way a I directory is cleaned up many times faster than with the DCL DELETE *.* H command. On large directories DFU may be even 10 or more times faster I than DCL. To delete a complete directory tree use the /TREE qualifier. F The DCL command DELETE [.SUBDIR...]*.*;* will almost always fail to G delete the intermediate subdirectory files forcing you to issue this J command several times. The DFU DELETE command is smart enough to delete F the files and the subdirectory files in the proper order; therefore F only one command is sufficient to delete a complete directory tree. I
        The /KEEP qualifier allows you to preserve the directory tree. The J contents are deleted but the directory file(s) remains intact.
        If a J file cannot be deleted for some reason (such as a file access conflict) E the file will stay at its place together with the parent directory.
       

      


      'Next3 | Contents0[SYSHLP]DFU026.LINEt?qt" ?;'ޜޜqqlIHIlJ> 8 DFU I2.6 DFU I2.6 DFU I2.6= DFU Disk / File Utilities for OpenVMS VAX and Alpha Revision Information: Revision Information: Revision Information: This manual supersedes, V2.5d Date: Date: Date: October 1998 Operating System: Operating System: Operating System: OpenVMS V6.2 thru 7.2l Note: Note: Note: Part of the Freeware0 Software  2 OpenVMS Freeware for VAX and AXP Systems< The OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM contains free software; tools and utilities to aid software developers in> creating applications and managing and using OpenVMS systems.: Many of these tools are popular packages already> widely known and in use, while others are internally: developed Digital tools our engineers are making: available to our OpenVMS customers. For example,; the OpenVMS Freeware CD-ROM includes Bliss-32 for= OpenVMS VAX, Bliss-32 for OpenVMS AXP, and Bliss-64 for OpenVMS AXP.7 Disclaimer on Testing, Quality, and Licensing@ The OpenVMS Freeware for VAX and AXP Systems CD-ROM is< provided "AS IS" without warranty. Digital imposes9 no restrictions on its distribution, nor on the> redistribution of anything on it. Be aware, however,; that some of the packages on the CD-ROM may carry; restrictions on their use imposed by the original; authors. Therefore, you should carefully read the2 documentation accompanying the products.9 Digital Equipment Corporation is providing this@ software free of charge and without warranty. Included8 in the [FREEWARE] directory on this CD are the; GNU software licenses. Unless otherwise stated in@ sources or source packages, the GNU licenses cover all' software supplied on this CD.; Digital makes no claims about the quality of this< software. It is provided to the customer as a free service. __________ Copyright 1998  A _______________________________________________________8 Contents Contents ContentsA _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1-1A _________________________________________________ 1.1 SUPPORT ON DFU 1-1 1.1 SUPPORT ON DFU 1-1 1.1 SUPPORT ON DFU 1-1A _________________________________________________ 1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1-1 1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1-1 1.2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 1-1A _________________________________________________ 1.3 NEW FEATURES AND BUGFIXES OF V2.6 1-3 1.3 NEW FEATURES AND BUGFIXES OF V2.6 1-3 1.3 NEW FEATURES AND BUGFIXES OF V2.6 1-3A _________________________________________________ 1.4 RESTRICTIONS AND PARAMETERS 1-4 1.4 RESTRICTIONS AND PARAMETERS 1-4 1.4 RESTRICTIONS AND PARAMETERS 1-4A _________________________________________________ 1.5 RESTRICTIONS ON FAST-IO FEATURES 1-5 1.5 RESTRICTIONS ON FAST-IO FEATURES 1-5 1.5 RESTRICTIONS ON FAST-IO FEATURES 1-5A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 2 USING DFU 2-1 CHAPTER 2 USING DFU 2-1 CHAPTER 2 USING DFU 2-1A _________________________________________________ 2.1 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 2-1 2.1 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 2-1 2.1 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE 2-1A _________________________________________________ 2.2 SECURITY AND ACCESS 2-3 2.2 SECURITY AND ACCESS 2-3 2.2 SECURITY AND ACCESS 2-3A _________________________________________________ 2.3 RUNNING DFU 2-4 2.3 RUNNING DFU 2-4 2.3 RUNNING DFU 2-4A _________________________________________________ 2.4 USING AN INDIRECT FILE LIST 2-5 2.4 USING AN INDIRECT FILE LIST 2-5 2.4 USING AN INDIRECT FILE LIST 2-5 iii iii iii  8 Contents Contents ContentsA _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 3 THE SMG OUTPUT INTERFACE 3-1 CHAPTER 3 THE SMG OUTPUT INTERFACE 3-1 CHAPTER 3 THE SMG OUTPUT INTERFACE 3-1A _________________________________________________ 3.1 ENABLING/DISABLING SMG 3-1 3.1 ENABLING/DISABLING SMG 3-1 3.1 ENABLING/DISABLING SMG 3-1A _________________________________________________ 3.2 AUTOMATIC SWITCHING BETWEEN SMG AND 3.2 AUTOMATIC SWITCHING BETWEEN SMG AND 3.2 AUTOMATIC SWITCHING BETWEEN SMG AND LINE MODE 3-1 LINE MODE 3-1 LINE MODE 3-1A _________________________________________________ 3.3 LAYOUT OF THE SMG SCREEN 3-2 3.3 LAYOUT OF THE SMG SCREEN 3-2 3.3 LAYOUT OF THE SMG SCREEN 3-2A _________________________________________________ 3.4 SPECIAL SCREEN COMMANDS 3-3 3.4 SPECIAL SCREEN COMMANDS 3-3 3.4 SPECIAL SCREEN COMMANDS 3-3A _________________________________________________ 3.5 SIDE EFFECTS 3-4 3.5 SIDE EFFECTS 3-4 3.5 SIDE EFFECTS 3-4A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 4 DFU BASICS 4-1 CHAPTER 4 DFU BASICS 4-1 CHAPTER 4 DFU BASICS 4-1A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 5 ODS-5 FEATURES 5-1 CHAPTER 5 ODS-5 FEATURES 5-1 CHAPTER 5 ODS-5 FEATURES 5-1A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 6 DEFRAG 6-1 CHAPTER 6 DEFRAG 6-1 CHAPTER 6 DEFRAG 6-1A _________________________________________________ 6.1 DESCRIPTION 6-1 6.1 DESCRIPTION 6-1 6.1 DESCRIPTION 6-1A _________________________________________________ 6.2 ERROR MESSAGES 6-1 6.2 ERROR MESSAGES 6-1 6.2 ERROR MESSAGES 6-1 DEFRAG 6-2 DEFRAG 6-2 DEFRAG 6-2& iv iv iv  Contents Contents ContentsA _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 7 DELETE 7-1 CHAPTER 7 DELETE 7-1 CHAPTER 7 DELETE 7-1A _________________________________________________ 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1 7.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1 DELETE 7-2 DELETE 7-2 DELETE 7-2A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 8 DIRECTORY 8-1 CHAPTER 8 DIRECTORY 8-1 CHAPTER 8 DIRECTORY 8-1A _________________________________________________ 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8-1 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8-1 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8-1A _________________________________________________ 8.2 DISCUSSION OF DIRECTORY COMPRESSION 8-3 8.2 DISCUSSION OF DIRECTORY COMPRESSION 8-3 8.2 DISCUSSION OF DIRECTORY COMPRESSION 8-3A _________________________________________________ 8.3 OUTPUT FORMATTING 8-4 8.3 OUTPUT FORMATTING 8-4 8.3 OUTPUT FORMATTING 8-4 DIRECTORY 8-5 DIRECTORY 8-5 DIRECTORY 8-5A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 9 REPORT 9-1 CHAPTER 9 REPORT 9-1 CHAPTER 9 REPORT 9-1A _________________________________________________ 9.1 DESCRIPTION 9-1 9.1 DESCRIPTION 9-1 9.1 DESCRIPTION 9-1A _________________________________________________ 9.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 9-1 9.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 9-1 9.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 9-1 REPORT 9-5 REPORT 9-5 REPORT 9-5A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 10 SEARCH 10-1 CHAPTER 10 SEARCH 10-1 CHAPTER 10 SEARCH 10-1A _________________________________________________ 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10-1 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10-1 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10-1 v v v  8 Contents Contents ContentsA _________________________________________________ 10.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 10-1 10.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 10-1 10.2 SYNTAX AND OUTPUT 10-1A _________________________________________________ 10.3 VOLUME SET PROCESSING 10-2 10.3 VOLUME SET PROCESSING 10-2 10.3 VOLUME SET PROCESSING 10-2A _________________________________________________ 10.4 OUTPUT FORMATTING 10-2 10.4 OUTPUT FORMATTING 10-2 10.4 OUTPUT FORMATTING 10-2A _________________________________________________ 10.5 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 10-2 10.5 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 10-2 10.5 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 10-2 SEARCH 10-3 SEARCH 10-3 SEARCH 10-3A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 11 SET 11-1 CHAPTER 11 SET 11-1 CHAPTER 11 SET 11-1A _________________________________________________ 11.1 INTRODUCTION 11-1 11.1 INTRODUCTION 11-1 11.1 INTRODUCTION 11-1A _________________________________________________ 11.2 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 11-1 11.2 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 11-1 11.2 UIC AND IDENTIFIER PROCESSING 11-1 SET 11-2 SET 11-2 SET 11-2A _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 12 UNDELETE 12-1 CHAPTER 12 UNDELETE 12-1 CHAPTE>R 12 UNDELETE 12-1A _________________________________________________ 12.1 INTRODUCTION 12-1 12.1 INTRODUCTION 12-1 12.1 INTRODUCTION 12-1A _________________________________________________ 12.2 FILE SPECIFICATION SYNTAX 12-2 12.2 FILE SPECIFICATION SYNTAX 12-2 12.2 FILE SPECIFICATION SYNTAX 12-2.A _________________________________________________p 12.3 HOW UNDELETE WORKS 12-2 12.3 HOW UNDELETE WORKS 12-2 12.3 HOW UNDELETE WORKS 12-2 A _________________________________________________e 12.4 FILES MARKED FOR DELETE 12-5 12.4 FILES MARKED FOR DELETE 12-5 12.4 FILES MARKED FOR DELETE 12-5p UNDELETE 12-5 UNDELETE 12-5 UNDELETE 12-5& vi vi vi  p Contents Contents ContentsaA _______________________________________________________ CHAPTER 13 SPAWN 13-1 CHAPTER 13 SPAWN 13-1 CHAPTER 13 SPAWN 13-1 A _______________________________________________________o CHAPTER 14 VERIFY 14-1 CHAPTER 14 VERIFY 14-1 CHAPTER 14 VERIFY 14-1dA _________________________________________________D 14.1 INTRODUCTION 14-1 14.1 INTRODUCTION 14-1 14.1 INTRODUCTION 14-1A _________________________________________________ 14.2 BASIC REPAIR ACTIONS 14-2 14.2 BASIC REPAIR ACTIONS 14-2 14.2 BASIC REPAIR ACTIONS 14-2aA _________________________________________________t 14.3 ADVANCED REPAIR ACTIONS 14-2 14.3 ADVANCED REPAIR ACTIONS 14-2 14.3 ADVANCED REPAIR ACTIONS 14-2 A _________________________________________________o 14.4 DIRECTORY SCANNING 14-3 14.4 DIRECTORY SCANNING 14-3 14.4 DIRECTORY SCANNING 14-3_A _________________________________________________t 14.5 INTERPRETING ERRORS 14-3 14.5 INTERPRETING ERRORS 14-3 14.5 INTERPRETING ERRORS 14-3 A _________________________________________________ 14.6 ERROR REPORTING 14-4 14.6 ERROR REPORTING 14-4 14.6 ERROR REPORTING 14-4 VERIFY 14-10 VERIFY 14-10 VERIFY 14-10 vii vii vii_ _ A _______________________________________________________.D 1 Introduction 1 Introduction 1 Introduction: The Disk / File utilities is a tool developed to< help finding and solving disk , directory and file; problems. The usage of low-level VMS-I/O features ; have resulted in a powerfull and high-performance = utility. Also, DFU provides many features which are1 not available with normal DCL commands._= DFU supports all types of disk sets which comply toT< the VMS ODS-2 standard such as volume sets, stripe> sets, shadow sets and RAID sets, and combinations of1 these. Spiralog disks are NOT supported_@ DFU also supports the new Extended File Specifications> (also known as ODS-5) which is introduced in VMS 7.2 (Alpha-only). + DFU is fully Year-2000 compliant.UL __________________________________________________________________J 1.1 Support on DFU 1.1 Support on DFU 1.1 Support on DFU> Although there is no official support on DFU you may> mail questions/remarks/bug reports to the author via internet at:" ton.dorland@digital.com.L __________________________________________________________________Y 1.2 General description 1.2 General description 1.2 General description ? DFU provides the following functions (in alphabetical  order) :A o DEFRAG : This function allows simple defragmentation of a file or files. 1-1 1-1 1-1  D Introduction Introduction Introduction= o DELETE : This function allows either a delete bySA file-id, or a fast delete of a complete directory or 8 directory tree with all its subdirectories.6 o DIRECTORY : This function has 7 options :# 1 COMPRESS a directory . 2 DUMP a directory block by block: 3 CREATE a directory with a preallocated size, 4 RECOVER a corrupted directory; 5 Search all directories on the disk for files + which have multiple versionsS@ 6 Search all directories on the disk for alias file entries; 7 Search all directories on the disk for empty_ directories@ o REPORT : Generates a file and free space report for= a disk. Also a disk space usage report, based on = UIC/Identifier, can be generated, even on a disk+ which has disk quota disabled._> o SEARCH : Look up files on a disk by specific file? attributes (eg. files sizes, dates, ownership, andM so on) @ o SET : This functions allows setting of vitually all& possible file attributes.6 o UNDELETE : A safe file recovery function.8 o VERIFY : This function performs a fast disk= structure verification and can optionally repair_; certain disk structure errors (comparable withM" ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR).5 Each function is described in detail in the corresponding chapter.@ DFU is supported on OpenVMS V6.2 through V7.2 (VAX and Alpha)._) 1-2 1-2 1-2  E C Introduction Introduction Introduction_L __________________________________________________________________ 1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6 1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6 1.3 New features and bugfixes of V2.6 : This version of DFU offers some improved and new8 features, as well as a couple of bugfixes. All< bugfixes previous released as V2.5 ECO 1 and ECO 2= are included in V2.6. The table below lists all new  features :A o DFU completely supports the new ODS-5 file system on_? VMS 7.2, including ISO-Latin1 file names. DFU does 0 not fully support UCS-2 file names.? o DFU supports deep directories , which is a new VMS  7.2 feature.; o All code has been reviewed for Y2K compliancy._$ o New Search qualifiers :9 1 /LIMIT=(minimum :n, maximum :m) : List all < directories with a default file version limit between n and m. @ 2 /FULL will now also list the last access date and1 last attribute date (VMS 7.2 only) < 3 Qualifiers to search for the new VMS 7.2 date> fields : /ACCESS=(BEFORE=date | SINCE=date) and2 /ATTRIB=(BEFORE=date | SINCE=date).> 4 /TYPE=ODS2 | ODS5 : search for specific ODS2 or& ODS5 type file headers.: o SET : New qualifiers to set the new V7.2 file? dates : /ACCESS=date , /NOACCESS and /ATTRIB=date,  /NOATTRIB: o REPORT now reports the Erase and/or Highwater marking attributes.A o Directory processing is now optimized by using Fast-6= IO features of VMS (7.1 and higher, Alpha only). > o VERIFY will now detect and repair (/FIX) a broken' backlink to VMS$COMMON.DIR 1-3 1-3 1-3   D Introduction Introduction Introduction> o The diskquota list restriction of 750 entries hasA been lifted; DFU now supports an unlimited number of_ diskquota entries. @ o All commands have been enhanced with paging support? (/PAGE qualifier). This only works in SMG mode andN< allows the output to be presented page by page.5 The following bugs and problems are fixed :D> o DIRECTORY/ALIAS did not report alias files in the same directory.> o DIRECTORY/COMPRESS could set the directory bit on! non-directory files.R8 o SEARCH/ACE did not report matching ACE's in extension headers. L __________________________________________________________________q 1.4 Restrictions and Parameters 1.4 Restrictions and Parameters 1.4 Restrictions and Parameters 2 The DFU program has a few restrictions := o DFU can not handle volume sets with more than 32N members. > The following minimum process quotas are recommended for DFU usage: o WSQUOTA : 1500R o WSEXTENT : 3000 o DIOLM : 40I o ASTLM : 40  o FILLM : 40S o BYTLM : 30000 o PGFLQUOTA : 30000) 1-4 1-4 1-4  Introduction Introduction Introduction > If you use DFU on volume sets with a large number of? members you may need to increase the SYSGEN parameter  CHANNELCNT.58 If you use the directory command on very large= directory files (> 1000 blocks) and run into errors < you may need to increase the following parameters:> o WSQUOTA at least 1000 + size-of-largest directory file/ o WSEXTENT : WSQUOTA + at least 1000_7 o CTLPAGES (SYSGEN parameter) : at least 100 9 o WSMAX (SYSGEN parameter) : at least WSEXTENT = Do not change parameters unless you run into errors < such as EXCEEDED QUOTA or INSUFFICIENT WORKING SET LIMITS._L __________________________________________________________________ 1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features 1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features 1.5 Restrictions on FAST-IO features> VMS 7.1 introduced a way to improve I/O performance,8 called FAST-IO. This feature does only work on= Alpha. DFU will try to perform directory processing; using FAST-IO. If this fails DFU will switch back_: to 'normal' I/O. To enable FAST-IO the following! conditions must be met: A o The user must have the identifier VMS$BUFFER_OBJECT_R USER granted.? o There must be sufficient free Buffer object space._@ This is governed by the SYSGEN parameter MAXBOBMEM.8 DFU may require up to 1000 MAXBOBMEM pages.6 If DFU can use FAST-IO then commands such as; DIR/ALIAS, DIR/VERSION and VERIFY/DIR will gain a ) 10-15% performance improvement. 1-5 1-5 1-5  A _______________________________________________________ ; 2 Using DFU 2 Using DFU 2 Using DFU ? This chapter describes the installation procedure and07 other actions which must be taken to run DFU. L __________________________________________________________________b 2.1 Installation procedure 2.1 Installation procedure 2.1 Installation procedure8 DFU must be installed with the PRODUCT INSTALL? utility. During the installation PRODUCT INSTALL does_ the following:; o Moves the documentation to SYS$HELP (Optional)  o Relinks DFUA o Creates the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier needed to performR@ the special privileged functions. (See chapter 2.2)9 The DFU utility in fact contains just 2 files : 1 1 SYS$SYSTEM:DFU.EXE : the DFU program 8 2 SYS$HELP:DFUHLP.HLB : the on-line help file> The installation no longer offers an opportunity for; private installation. If you don't want DFU to be = available systemwide you must manually move DFU.EXE 6 and the help file to your private directory.@ To install DFU log in into a privileged account. Next,= copy the .PCSI installation kit to disk:[directory] ; (may be anywhere on your system). Note that there1= are two different kits, one for the VAX and one for = the Alpha architecture, named DEC-VAXVMS-DFU-V0206-_@ 1.PCSI and DEC-AXPVMS-DFU-V0206-1.PCSI. Next enter the following command: 2-1 2-1 2-1  1 ; Using DFU Using DFU Using DF>U H $ Product Install DFU/SOURCE=disk:[directory]C The following product has been selected: . DEC VAXVMS DFU V2.69 Do you want to continue? [YES] : If you enter YES the installation will proceed :W *** DEC VAXVMS DFU V2.6: Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS Y Do you want all the default values for this product? [YES]29 If you enter YES DFU will be installed with all ? manuals. If you enter NO you will be prompted for the ? manuals you want to install. Finally, Product Install / will continue with the installation : F %PCSIUI-I-DONEASK, execution phase startingC The following product will be installed:. DEC VAXVMS DFU V2.6b %PCSI-I-VOLINFO, estimated space information for volume DISK$OPENVMSVAXT -PCSI-I-VOLSPC, 93 required; 373793 available; 373700 netP Portion Done: 0%...10%...20%...30%...70%...80%...100%D The following product has been installed:. DEC VAXVMS DFU V2.6; If you installed DFU system wide you may manually_@ execute SYS$STARTUP:DFU$STARTUP.COM on any node in the@ cluster. Executing DFU$STARTUP.COM adds DFU.EXE to the? installed file list and thus improves performance. ifA? you want DFU Installed each time the system boots you > must add the command @SYS$STARTUP:DFU$STARTUP to the- file SYS$STARTUP:SYSTARTUP_VMS.COM.E= Next you must grant any DFU user including yourself = the DFU_ALLPRIV identifiers if they must be able to @ use all DFU functions. See chapter 2.2 for the meaning of this identifier. ) 2-2 2-2 2-2   C Using DFU Using DFU Using DFU L __________________________________________________________________Y 2.2 Security and access 2.2 Security and access 2.2 Security and accessE7 DFU has some functions which must not be made : available for general usage. Therefore DFU has a: certain group of commands which require the user; to be granted the DFU_ALLPRIV qualifier. The DFU__? ALLPRIV identifier is created during the installation16 procedure. To enable a user to perform these> special functions the system manager must grant this! identifier as follows : ) $ mc authorize_= UAF> grant/id DFU_ALLPRIV username ? If the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier is not granted then the 6 functions listed below cannot be performed : 1 DEFRAG  2 DELETE/FILE 3 SPAWN 4 UNDELETE * 5 VERIFY/FIX and VERIFY/REBUILD= Note that this behaviour is different from previous @ versions of DFU. Some commands which required the DFU_? ALLPRIV identifier on previous DFU versions have been_? removed from the list above. It is highly recommended > that the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier is only granted to a" limited number of users.< All DFU functions need SYSPRV or BYPASS privilege./ IMPORTANT *** IMPORTANT *** IMPORTANTt8 Please note that the DFU$STARTUP.COM procedure9 installs DFU.EXE with BYPASS privilege. Because : of the new SPAWN command you must not grant non-@ privileged users the DFU_ALLPRIV identifier. Otherwise; they can get the BYPASS privilege simply by usingN; the SPAWN command. As a workaround you can changeO 2-3 2-3 2-3   ; Using DFU Using DFU Using DFU-= the DFU$STARTUP.COM procedure to remove the /BYPASS - privilege from the INSTALL command. L __________________________________________________________________A 2.3 Running DFU 2.3 Running DFU 2.3 Running DFU_$ To run DFU you can enter :0 $ RUN disk:[mydir]DFU. or (if DFU is installed systemwide):# $ MC DFUe9 You can also define and use a symbol for DFU as  follows:4 $ DFU == "$disk:[dir]DFU" $ DFU DFU now prompts with :K Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.6h/ Freeware versionaO Copyright (C) 1998 DIGITAL Equipment Corporationv DFU> ? You can now enter DFU commands. HELP gives you onlinei: help. After each command DFU returns to the DFU>@ prompt. You can recall and edit commands, just as with@ DCL (20 commands will be stored in the recall buffer).> Use EXIT or CTRL/Z to leave DFU. If you use a symbol? for DFU, you also process a single command and return  to DCL immediately: 6 $DFU SEARCH disk/qualifiers= During a DFU run, you can interrupt DFU with CTRL/Cq: or CTRL/Y. These interrupts are caught by DFU to< allow a correct rundown of the current command. It? may therefore take some time before DFU responds to a_ CTRL/C or Y interrupt.) 2-4 2-4 2-4a e i Using DFU Using DFU Using DFU L __________________________________________________________________q 2.4 Using an indirect file list 2.4 Using an indirect file list 2.4 Using an indirect file list ? There are 3 commands, DIRECTORY, DEFRAG and SET whichd= accept an indirect file as input parameter. This ist= achieved by using the @ sign. An indirect file is ao> file containing a list of valid filenames (each line< in such a file must contain exactly one filename).? Such indirect files can be the output file of the DFU  Search command eg.:o $ DFUG DFU> SEARCH mydisk/CHAR=DIRECTORY/OUTPUT=x.xo7 DFU> DIRECTORY/COMPRESS @x.xo 2-5 2-5 2-5  R RA _______________________________________________________ah 3 The SMG output interface 3 The SMG output interface 3 The SMG output interface> DFU uses SMG (Screen management routines) to perform= output for an interactive DFU session. This chapterz= describes the layout of the DFU screen, the special ; commands used only in the SMG interface and other 2 items with respect to the SMG interface.L __________________________________________________________________b 3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG 3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG 3.1 Enabling/Disabling SMG< DFU automatically selects SMG output if you run an> interactive DFU session on a terminal or workstation9 which supports SMG. In a batch job or a non-DECs< terminal DFU will use normal line oriented output.@ You can explicitly disable SMG by defining the logical! DFU$NOSMG to any value. L __________________________________________________________________ 3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode 3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode 3.2 Automatic switching between SMG and Line mode? You may prefer to perform interactive DFU sessions ina@ SMG mode, and single DFU commands in normal line mode.@ This can be done by using the command procedure listed below: 3-1 3-1 3-1p s eh The SMG output interface The SMG output interface The SMG output interfaceJ $! Procedure to switch beteen SMG and line mode) $ DFU = "$DFU"+ $ if p1 .eqs. "" ! $ thenw0 $!Interactive session> $ define/user sys$input sys$command $ dfu! $ else : $!Single command so disable SMG4 $ define/user dfu$nosmg xH $ dfu 'p1' 'p2' 'p3' 'p4' 'p5' 'p6' 'p7' 'p8'" $ endif! $ exit/L __________________________________________________________________h 3.3 Layout of the SMG screen 3.3 Layout of the SMG screen 3.3 Layout of the SMG screen: After starting DFU the screen looks as follows :h +-----------------------< DFU V2.6 (Freeware) >-----------------------------+h | |h | Disk and File Utilities for OpenVMS DFU V2.6 |h | Freeware version |h | Copyright 1998 DIGITAL Equipment Corporation |h | |h | DFU functions are : |h | |h | DEFRAGMENT : Defragment files |h | DELETE : Delete files by File-ID; delete directory (trees) |h | DIRECTORY : Manipulate directories |h | REPORT : Generate a complete disk report |h | SEARCH : Fast file search |h | SET : Modify file attributes |h | UNDELETE : Recover deleted files |h | VERIFY : Check and repair disk structure |h | |h | |h +----------------------------------Statistics-------------------------------+h | |) 3-2 3-2 3-2   The SMG output interface The SMG output interface The SMG output interfacebh | |h +---------------------------------------------------------------------------+ DFU>1 This screen is divided into 3 sections:l= o Main Screen : the top part of the screen is usedS= for the output from DFU commands. Also broadcaste. messages are send to this window.A o Statistics : the lower part contains statistics froms= the current command. During most of the commandso@ this screen will contain a progress indicator and a, status for the current command.> o DFU prompt : the bottom line is used as the input command line.L __________________________________________________________________e 3.4 Special Screen commands 3.4 Special Screen commands 3.4 Special Screen commands 8 In SMG mode the following keys perform special functions : 9 o DO : invokes a subprocess (same as the SPAWNT command)l? o HELP or PF2 : invokes a special SMG window for the  help command.( o CTRL/W : redraws the screen; o PF4 : creates a screen dump into the file DFU_a SCREEN.TXTs: o PREV SCREEN : Scrolls back the output screen.< o NEXT SCREEN : Scrolls forward the output screen0 o INSERT HERE : Scrolls back one line. o REMOVE : Scrolls forward one line9 o SELECT : Toggles between 80 and 132 columns. 3-3 3-3 3-3  h The SMG output interface The SMG output interface The SMG output interface? Although only some 20 lines are visible in the outputc? (main) screen DFU in fact remembers 500 output lines.U< You can scroll back and forward through one screen? with the NEXT and PREV SCREEN keys, and one line with > the REMOVE and INSERT HERE keys. At the beginning of7 each new DFU command these lines are cleared. : If you execute a command which produces a lot of@ output, you can paginate the output by using the /PAGE qualifier.? On a workstation with DECwindows/Motif you can changeV: the DECterm size to be more than the standard 24; lines. DFU's SMG screen will automatically adjustl/ to the screen size of such a DecTerm. L __________________________________________________________________D 3.5 Side effects 3.5 Side effects 3.5 Side effects; There are a few side effects when using SMG mode.n@ CTRL/C and CTRL/Y are catched but not echoed. Also all> broadcast messages are trapped and will be displayed: in the main screen at the end of the current DFU? command. Sometimes this may slightly disrupt the mainr< screen, which can be repaired with the CTRL/>W key.< Further, during the execution of a DFU command the? cursor will disappear. After the command finishes theV2 cursor will reappear at the DFU> prompt.) 3-4 3-4 3-4   A _______________________________________________________ > 4 DFU basics 4 DFU basics 4 DFU basics> Note : this chapter is meant for first time users of> DFU. If you already used DFU before you may probably skip this chapter.= This chapter gives a brief overview of the commandsi> which can be used with DFU, and how they can provide< the system manager with the necessary information.; One of most common actions by a system manager isi: trying to locate specific files eg. files with a< certain file size. Although a lot can be done with@ the VMS DIRECTORY command this can be a time consuming: process, especially if the complete disk must be= scanned. The SEARCH command of DFU is exactly meanto; for this situation. It gives a very quick list ofy< specific files, with their size, and if needed the? number of file fragments. Some useful SEARCH commands  are : S DFU> SEARCH disk/SIZE=MINIMUM=1000 (files > 1000 blocks) P DFU> SEARCH disk/IDENT=SYSTEM (files owned by SYSTEM)b DFU> SEARCH disk/FRAGMENT=MINIMUM=10 (files with at least 10 fragments)U DFU> SEARCH disk/CHAR=MARKED (all files marked for delete).g DFU> SEARCH disk/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY (all files created since YESTERDAY) > Of course these qualifiers can be combined to narrow= the search. As the SEARCH command scans INDEXF.SYS,$= not directories, the output generated by SEARCH mayE> look a bit random (but it is just the order in which: the file headers are in the INDEXF.SYS file). To4 smooth the output use the /SORT qualifier. 4-1 4-1 4-1d i r> DFU basics DFU basics DFU basics= Another important action for a system manager is to > gather some overall disk information, such as number; of files, free space statistics and fragmentation < information. The REPORT command will generate such; a disk report. To get individual disk space usage< information the /USAGE qualifier can be used. This= will work even if there is no disk quota enabled oni the disk. ; At regular intervals a system manager may need toh@ check a disk with ANALYZE/DISK. The DFU VERIFY command? provides more or less the same functionality but manyh? times faster. The /FIX qualifier provides some REPAIRU; options which (unlike ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR) do NOTl= lock the disk, and thus do not interfere with other; disk operations. However, the disk can be rebuilts5 completely by using the /REBUILD qualifier. @ Occasionaly a user will delete the wrong file, leaving> the system manager or operator with the tedious task? of restoring the file from a backup set. The UNDELETEo? command may be able to recover the file if it has notI< yet been overwritten with a new one. Much care has> been taken to make this command as safe as possible;@ therefore no disk corruptions will be the result of an> UNDELETE. If DFU encounters a problem with a deleted- file it will refuse to UNDELETE it. ? Another type of typical system manager problems deals @ with directories. The DFU command DIRECTORY can handle= such problems. DIRECTORY can generate reports aboutR= empty directories (/EMPTY qualifier) or directories ? which contain files with a certain number of versionse> (/VERSION=n qualifier). Also, directories may become@ internally fragmented. This can be quickly solved with" the /COMPRESS qualifier.< A second problem with directories is in deleting a: directory with many files. This may take several< hours using a DCL DELETE *.* command. This problem; is solved by using DFU's DELETE/DIRECTORY command : which can delete large directories some 10 times) 4-2 4-2 4-2   DFU basics DFU basics DFU basics_; faster than the normal DELETE command does. Also, @ using DELETE/DIR/TREE will delete a complete directory% tree with just one command. = The last 2 commands deal with individual files. SETD: allows settings of some special file attributes.< Since VMS V6.0 this functionality is also provided> by the DCL SET FILE/ATTRIBUTE command, but DFU's SET< offers some more options. The DEFRAG command is an? interface to the MOVEFILE function offered by VMS 5.5s= and higher. This allows a simple defragmentation of  individual files.@ The next chapters gives a detailed description of each! individual DFU command. 4-3 4-3 4-3  t rA _______________________________________________________ J 5 ODS-5 features 5 ODS-5 features 5 ODS-5 features= VMS 7.2 introduces an extension on the current ODS2e? file system, called the Extended File Specifications,/; or ODS-5. This feature is available only on Alphao? systems. Also, VMS 7.2 adds support for 255 levels of = subdirectories. This is often called deep-directory? support. Both features are now fully supported by DFU > V2.6. There is no need to perform any special action> to execute DFU commands on ODS-5 disks. Nevertheless@ the following points are worth to be considered before/ using DFU on VMS 7.2 and ODS-5 disks: : 1 It is highly recommended to add the following# command to LOGIN.COM :i; $ SET PROCESS/PARSE=EXTENDEDnA This allows easy usage of the new file naming schemeF> (such as lower-case character, multiple dots in a file name).; 2 File names can become large, either trough the 9 file name, or because we can have 255 levels : of subdirectories. A filename longer than 255< characters will be abbreviated into a so-called DID-ed name.d? A DID-ed name looks like 'device:[x,y,z]file.ext'. As ? can be seen the directory string has been replaced by 6 the file id (x,y,z) of the parent directory. 5-1 5-1 5-1   A ________________________________________________________2 6 DEFRAG 6 DEFRAG 6 DEFRAG< This chapter describes the DEFRAG command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________A 6.1 Description 6.1 Description 6.1 Descriptionn? The DEFRAG command can be used to defragment a singlen9 file or a group of files. You can also enter an.; indirect command file containing a list of files._? This feature allows you to create an output file withE4 SEARCH and use that as an input to DEFRAG.9 DEFRAG makes use of the file-primitive MOVEFILE < function. Therefore files which are open, or which5 are marked NOMOVE will not be DEFRAGmented. L __________________________________________________________________J 6.2 Error messages 6.2 Error messages 6.2 Error messages9 The most common errors returned by DEFRAG are :_5 o ACCONFLICT: File is open by another userw> o DEVICEFULL: Device has not enough contiguous free* space to move the entire file4 o FILNOTACC: File has been set to NOMOVE.> o FILENUMCHK: You tried to move a reserved file (eg INDEXF.SYS). > o RMS Errors: Almost always caused by an invalid or% wrong file specifcation. 6-1 6-1 6-1   J DEFRAG command DEFRAG command DEFRAG command2 DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAGA _______________________________________________________o2 DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG; Defragment a file or a list of files on the disk. A _______________________________________________________ 2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG ____________________ file1,file2,@file... file1,file2,@file... file1,file2,@file...A _______________________________________________________ > PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERS{ ____________________ file1,file2,@file... file1,file2,@file... file1,file2,@file...e= The file(s) to be defragmented. You can also use ane@ indirect command file (@file) which contains a list of> files to be defragmented. This may be an output file3 generated with the SEARCH/OUTPUT command. A _______________________________________________________ > QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSK ________ /BESTTRY /BESTTRY /BESTTRY < Normally DEFRAG tries to create a contiguous file.: If there is not enough contiguous free space the: operation will fail. With the /BESTTRY qualifier< DEFRAG tries to move the file with the contiguous-? best-try method. This means a maximum of 3 fragments. : You should only use this qualifier when a normal; DEFRAG fails. If a DEFRAG/BESTTRY also fails this < is an indication that the disk's free space is too: fragmented. Run a REPORT to see what the largest< contiguous free space is, and check the free space fragmentation index.G _______ /DEVICE /DEVICE /DEVICE ? The device on which the files reside. The device name ; is added to the file name. If you generate a fileP> list with the DFU SEARCH command you don't need this; qualifier anymore. However you may have a list of ) 6-2 6-2 6-2   DEFRAG command DEFRAG command DEFRAG command DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG = files produced from another source and thus need to . append a device name to it. Example:L DFU> SEARCH mydisk/...../frag=min=50/output=x.x- DFU> DEFRAG @x.x _________________________ /LBN=logical-block-number /LBN=logical-block-number /LBN=logical-block-number ; Forces a single file to be moved to the specified > logical block number. Do not use this qualifier when% processing a list of files. W ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICS = This qualifier displays the performance statistics: 5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.-W ___________ /WRITECHECK /WRITECHECK /WRITECHECKs9 Perform a writecheck on the resultant file. Thee: default is /NOWRITECHECK. Note that a writecheck4 doubles the number of involved disk I/O's. 6-3 6-3 6-3   2 DEFRAG DEFRAG DEFRAG) 6-4 6-4 6-4_ _ _A _______________________________________________________ 2 7 DELETE 7 DELETE 7 DELETE< This chapter describes the DELETE command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 7.1 Introduction 7.1 Introduction 7.1 Introduction8 The DELETE command is designed for 2 purposes:A 1 Delete a file by file id (with the /FILE qualifier).P> This functionality is needed to be able to delete@ files which no longer have a parent directory. This> way 'lost' files and (sometimes) files marked for/ delete can be removed from a disk. < 2 A fast method to delete a complete directory or; even a directory tree (with the /DIRECTORY and ? /TREE qualifier). First all entries of a directory ? are deleted without removing the directory entry ; ? this saves a lot of unnecessary directory updates. A Finally the directory file itself is deleted, unless > the /KEEP qualifier is used. This way a directory> is cleaned up many times faster than with the DCL= DELETE *.* command. On large directories DFU mayR@ be even 10 or more times faster than DCL. To delete? a complete directory tree use the /TREE qualifier.tA The DCL command DELETE [.SUBDIR...]*.*;* will almosth@ always fail to delete the intermediate subdirectory< files forcing you to issue this command several= times. The DFU DELETE command is smart enough toE; delete the files and the subdirectory files inD< the proper order; therefore only one command is< sufficient to delete a complete> directory tree. 7-1 7-1 7-1C d RJ DELETE command DELETE command DELETE commandD Introduction Introduction Introduction; The /KEEP qualifier allows you to preserve thet= directory tree. The contents are deleted but theR. directory file(s) remains intact.> If a file cannot be deleted for some reason (suchA as a file access conflict) the file will stay at its>6 place together with the parent directory.A ________________________________________________________2 DELETE DELETE DELETE' Deletes files or directories. A _______________________________________________________s2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT DELETE DELETE DELETE _________ __ _________________ device[:] or directory-file(s) device[:] or directory-file(s) device[:] or directory-file(s)A _______________________________________________________g> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSC ______ device device deviceo@ The device on which to perform the DELETE/FILE=file-id command.o _________________ directory-file(s) directory-file(s) directory-file(s)v< The filespecification of the directory on which to= perform the DELETE/DIRECTORY command. Wildcard filee< specifications may be used. DFU will automatically@ add .DIR to the filespecification if a filetype is not provided. A _______________________________________________________ > QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSS __________ /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORYf; Specify the directory file which must be deleted.R@ Wildcards may be used but must be used very carefully.) 7-2 7-2 7-2n  b DELETE command DELETE command DELETE commandi DELETE DELETE DELETE < Make sure that the directory does not contain non-7 empty subdirectories. Note that the directory< file itself will also be deleted, unless the /KEEP qualifier is used. Example:( $ DIR EXAMPLE5 Directory MYDISK:[RUBBISH] ( EXAMPLE.DIR;1 $ DFU< DFU> DELETE/DIRECTORY EXAMPLE.DIRT %DFU-I-CLEANUP, Deleting MYDISK:[RUBBISH]EXAMPLE.DIR;1...D %DFU-S-DELETED, File DBGINI.COM;3 deletedB %DFU-S-DELETED, File ICON.COM;1 deletedD %DFU-S-DELETED, File I_FOOL.COM;1 deletedG %DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGICALS.COM;51 deletedyD %DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGIN.COM;79 deletedD %DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGOUT.COM;4 deletedK %DFU-S-DELETED, File NOTE_COMPRESS.COM;3 deletedkD %DFU-S-DELETED, File SHOWCL.COM;3 deletedF %DFU-S-DELETED, File SYMBOLS.COM;89 deletedF %DFU-S-DELETED, File TPUBUILD.COM;5 deleted; %DFU-S-TOTAL, 11 file(s) deletedbE %DFU-S-DELETED, File EXAMPLE.DIR;1 deletedf_ _____________ /FILE=file-id /FILE=file-id /FILE=file-idk> Specify a complete file-id (num,seq,rvn) of the file: which must be deleted. This qualifier allows the< deletion of lost files or files marked for delete. Example :o 7-3 7-3 7-3u  J DELETE command DELETE command DELETE command2 DELETE DELETE DELETE $ DFU. DFU> VERIFY MYDISK:F %DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK@ %DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning INDEXF.SYS...c %DFU-E-INVBAKFID, file (86,17915,1) 0004CF04$BFS.;1 has invalid backlink e %DFU-W-DELETED, file (537,2878,1) APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1 marked for deletel . .  . ? DFU> DELETE MYDISK/FILE=(86,17915,1) G %DFU-S-DELETED, File 0004CF04$BFS.;1 deleted ? DFU> DELETE MYDISK/FILE=(537,2878,1) N %DFU-S-DELETED, File APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1 deleted? _____ /KEEP /KEEP /KEEPo@ Preserve the directory tree; only delete the contents.< /KEEP is only valid with the /DIRECTORY qualifier.9 /KEEP works for DELETE/DIR and DELETE/DIR/TREE.aC ______ /NOLOG /NOLOG /NOLOGs> Do not log succesfull deletes to SYS$OUTPUT. /LOG is the default.O _________ /NOREMOVE /NOREMOVE /NOREMOVEi? Can only be used with /FILE. Default DELETE/FILE will ; try to remove the file from the parent directory. < If the file's backlink no longer points to a valid> directory this will generate an error. The /NOREMOVE@ qualifier overrules this behaviour allowing such files to be deleted.W ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICS = This qualifier displays the performance statistics:5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.5) 7-4 7-4 7-4r c a DELETE command DELETE command DELETE commandp DELETE DELETE DELETEn? _____ /TREE /TREE /TREEt6 Can only be used with /DIRECTORY. The delete; command will delete all subdirectories within thes; directory file specified. DFU will first sort outo< the subdirectory tree and than delete the files in= the proper order. Thus a complete directory tree isi# deleted with one command.a 7-5 7-5 7-5e e n2 DELETE DELETE DELETE) 7-6 7-6 7-6s  A _______________________________________________________ ; 8 DIRECTORY 8 DIRECTORY 8 DIRECTORY ? This chapter describes the DIRECTORY command with the , related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 8.1 Introduction 8.1 Introduction 8.1 Introduction; The DIRECTORY command offers 7 major functions. 3d< functions deal with all directories on a disk, the@ other 4 functions are used for manipulating individual? directories. These functions are activated by special1 qualifiers: - o Individual directory functions :n? 1 /COMPRESS : Rebuild one or more directory files.s= Directories are alphabetically sorted lists ofi: filenames and file id's. Because file names< are randomly inserted and deleted, holes will= occur in directory files. Such holes will onlyp? be reused if a file can be alphabetically fitted > into it. As a result directory files will grow.> Especially MAIL subdirectories suffer from this behaviour. > To make matters worse directory files above 127: blocks will no longer be cached by the file< system. This will degrade performance on such> directories dramatically. The COMPRESS function< will rebuild the complete directory file. The9 /TEST qualifier can be used to preview the 6 results of a possible COMPRESS command. 8-1 8-1 8-1   ; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY ; 2 /CREATE/ALLOCATE=n : Create a directory with ; a preallocated size of 'n' blocks. Note thatc: 'n' will be rounded up to a multiple of the9 disk's cluster size. (This feature is also_: available on VMS 7.1/2 with the DCL command# CREATE/DIR/ALLOC=n).l> 3 /DUMP : Make a dump of the directory blocks and< formats the output. This option is useful for< debugging directory files which are suspected8 or corrupted. This function is equivalent9 to the previously undocumented VMS command @ DUMP/DIRECTORY, although the layout of the output is different.> 4 /RECOVER : Completely rebuild a directory. This> option should only be used to recover corrupted= directories. During the recovery procedure the.; directory will be inaccesible for some time. = Therefore this command should NEVER be used onf= critical system directories. (DFU refuses thisr? command on directory names containing the stringe0 'SYS' to avoid accidental usage)., o Disk-wide directory functions :< 1 /ALIAS : Scan all directories on the disk for" alias file entries.; 2 /EMPTY : Scan the disk for empty directoriesF@ 3 /VERSION=n : Scan all directories on the disk for6 files which have at least 'n' versions.9 The diskwide function qualifiers can be used in ; one command; other combinations of qualifiers are.8 not possible. Note that the diskwide directory@ functions can take several minutes to complete because: a complete directory scan uses a lot of disk I/O0 (approximately 2 I/O's per directory).) 8-2 8-2 8-2e  DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORYe= An indirect command file containing a list of filese; can be used as a parameter to /COMPRESS or /DUMP.u? Such a list can be generated with the SEARCH command.v Example:J DFU> SEARCH disk/FILE=*.DIR/SIZE=MIN=50/OUT=x.x7 DFU> DIRECTORY/COMPRESS @x.x 8 Caution: Care should be taken when compressing< critical system directories. To be safe you should: first use the /TEST qualifier before compressing9 the directory. Another problem may be caused byD: a systemcrash just when DFU is rewriting the new8 compressed directory (although the chance that< this happens is very small). When this happens you: can recover the files by executing the following procedure:< 1 Do a $SET FILE/NODIR of the corrupted directory6 2 Delete the directory and create a new one? 3 Do a $ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR ; this will move all thec% lost files to [SYSLOST].n? 4 Move the files from [SYSLOST] to the newly createdb directory.fL __________________________________________________________________ 8.2 Discussion of directory compression 8.2 Discussion of directory compression 8.2 Discussion of directory compressioni6 The DIRECTORY/COMPRESS function will improve: performance on large directories. There are some9 options which can further enhance performance :nA o /TRUNCATE: When a directory is compressed , the freeeA space will be at the end of the directory. Therefore= , if new files are added VMS is capable of using = this space, and avoid a directory entension. The < /TRUNCATE qualifier overrules this behaviour by> immediately truncating the free space back to the disk. 8-3 8-3 8-3_ _ _; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY < o /FILL_FACTOR: Normally DFU tries to compress as; much as possible. However, it may be better toi; deliberately create extra free space into each_? directory block. This can be done using the /FILL_u> FACTOR=n qualifier. Eg: a fill factor of 50% will= result in approximately half of each block beingi= free. Note that a fill_factor lower tha 100% may < result in an error DFU-E_EXTERR; in that case a+ higher factor must be choosen. ; So, what strategy should be used when compressing  directories?> 1 Inactive directories : use DIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE.; 2 Not very active directories : use DIR/COMPRESSE (/TRUNCATE=n).E= 3 Active directories, files added at the end (suchd< as MAIL directories) : use DIR/COMPRESS without /TRUNCATE6 4 Active directories, files added in randomA alphabetical order : use DIR/COMPRESS/FILL_FACTOR=n,i! n between 50 and 75. L __________________________________________________________________S 8.3 Output formatting 8.3 Output formatting 8.3 Output formattingt0 > The qualifier /FORMAT can be used with: DIRECTORY/VERSION. This allows the build up of a> command procedure directly from the output generated? by the DIR/VERSION command. /FORMAT has the followings restrictions :< 1 /FORMAT is only valid with the /VERSION and the /OUTPUT qualifier.l8 2 The format string used must contain the !AS= directive (in uppercase). The file found will bef, substituted at the !AS location) 8-4 8-4 8-4   DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY commando Output formatting Output formatting Output formatting. Example:` DFU> DIR/VERSION=4/OUTPUT=PURGE.COM/FORMAT="$PURGE/KEEP=3 !AS" mydiskA _______________________________________________________e; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY ' Performs directory functions._A _______________________________________________________L2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT  DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY _________ __ _________________ device[:] or directory-file(s) device[:] or directory-file(s) device[:] or directory-file(s)rA _______________________________________________________ > PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSC ______ device device deviceS< The device on which to perform one of the diskwide directory functions.s __________________ directory-files(s) directory-files(s) directory-files(s)_= The file specification of the directory on which to-; perform the /CREATE, /COMPRESS, /DUMP or /RECOVERf7 function. Wildcard file specifications may beh6 used. DFU will automatically add .DIR to the: filespecification if a filetype is not provided.A _______________________________________________________v> QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSC ______ /ALIAS /ALIAS /ALIASL6 The /ALIAS qualifier directs DFU to scan all@ directories for alias file entries on a disk. Normally? only the system disk should contain alias files. This ? qualifier can be combined with /VERSION=n and /EMPTY. W ___________ /ALLOCATE=n /ALLOCATE=n /ALLOCATE=n ; Used in combination with /CREATE. Creates the newm9 directory with an allocated size of 'n' blocks.T 8-5 8-5 8-5  L S DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY commandu; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY O _________ /COMPRESS /COMPRESS /COMPRESS:< Performs the directory compression unless /TEST is= also specified. The output will show the results in ' terms of file sizes. Example: : DFU> DIR/COMP OWN$:[000000]MAILf %DFU-S-DONE, OWN$:[000000]MAIL.DIR;1: 31 files; was : 4/9, now : 3/3 blocks DFU>EG _______ /CREATE /CREATE /CREATEF@ Create a new, empty directory. The allocated size will5 be 1 cluster unless /ALLOCATE is specified.%G _______ /DEVICE /DEVICE /DEVICEF: The device on which the files reside. The device; name is added to the file name. If you generate a > file list with the DFU SEARCH command you don't need> this qualifier. However you may have a list of files@ produced from another source and thus need to append a? device name to it. This qualifier can only be used inB. combination with /COMPRESS or /DUMP.? _____ /DUMP /DUMP /DUMP-? Produce a block level dump of a directory. /DUMP will @ interpret the directory entries found in each block. A> directory entry contains a size, version-limit, type; and name field. Next the directory entry containst: a list of versions and file ID's for this entry.> /DUMP will produce a rather low level output of this information. Example :. DFU> DIR/DUMP C.DIR) 8-6 8-6 8-6   DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY commandD DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORY 4 DUMP of directory block 1T Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(10): CHKDSK.EXE= Version: 3, FID : (1027,1456,0) W Size: 26, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(13): CHKDSK.README > Version: 2, FID : (33892,1171,0)> Version: 3, FID : (1256,11234,0)T Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(10): CHKDSK.SAV= Version: 2, FID : (13947,100,0)tU Size: 24, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(11): CHKDSK.SAVEr> Version: 1, FID : (12531,2114,0)X Size: 26, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(14): CHKDSK_LNK.COM< Version: 2, FID : (12314,72,0)N Size: 18, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(5): C_D.C< Version: 3, FID : (32650,32,0)P Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D.EXE; Version: 9, FID : (2675,64,0)mP Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D.OBJ< Version: 4, FID : (9835,117,0)P Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D_2.C= Version: 15, FID : (12428,84,0) R Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_2.OBJ< Version: 9, FID : (8439,119,0)R Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_3.CLD< Version: 3, FID : (9777,178,0)R Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_3.OBJ< Version: 2, FID : (9737,161,0)P Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D_4.C> Version: 3, FID : (10594,1580,0)R Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_4.OBJ= Version: 2, FID : (10177,109,0) 4 DUMP of directory block 2N Size: 18, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(5): DFU.C> Version: 169, FID : (31123,52,0) .  .m . W %DFU-I-TOTAL, OWN$:[SOURCES.FORTRAN.DFUSRC]C.DIR;1: 42 files 8-7 8-7 8-7  e eS DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORYC ______ /EMPTY /EMPTY /EMPTY ; The /EMPTY qualifier will produce a list of empty : directories. This qualifier can be combined with /ALIAS and /VERSION=n.c ______________ /FILL_FACTOR=n /FILL_FACTOR=n /FILL_FACTOR=n_< Specifies ,in percentage, the filling of directory> blocks during a /COMPRESS operation. Fill factor may? be between 50 and 100. Omitting this qualifier is the < same as /FILL_FACTOR=100 (maximum compression). If< the directory has not enough allocated space a low; fill factor may result in failure of the Compressb= operation. DFU will issue a DFU-E-EXTERR error, andi2 the directory file will not be modified. _____________________ /FORMAT=format-string /FORMAT=format-string /FORMAT=format-stringf< Create an output file in a format described by the8 format string. The string must contain the !AS8 directive (this must be uppercase). At the !AS< location the resultant filename will be filled in., The /OUTPUT qualifier is required.k ________________ /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename < This qualifier redirects the output to a file. The, output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT.K ________ /RECOVER /RECOVER /RECOVERc? This qualifier rebuilds a corrupted directory. Do note= use this command on critical or active directories.aW ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICS= This qualifier displays the performance statistics: 5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. ? _____ /TEST /TEST /TEST 8 The /TEST can only be used in conjunction with? /COMPRESS. The qualifier will show the results of theA= /COMPRESS but will not compress the directory file.a) 8-8 8-8 8-8  ' w DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY command DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORYow ___________________ /TRUNCATE=blocksize /TRUNCATE=blocksize /TRUNCATE=blocksizeR< During a compress operation truncate the directory> back to the blocksize specified. If blocksize is not; specified, the file will be truncated back to thec= end-of-file block number. Truncation will always bed? rounded up to the next highest multiple of the disk'si cluster size.eS __________ /VERSION=n /VERSION=n /VERSION=n 8 The /VERSION qualifier directs DFU to scan all> directories on the device to produce a list of files> which have at least 'n' versions. This qualifier can- be combined with /ALIAS and /EMPTY. 8-9 8-9 8-9  k e; DIRECTORY DIRECTORY DIRECTORYr, 8-10 8-10 8-10  pA _______________________________________________________ 2 9 REPORT 9 REPORT 9 REPORT< This chapter describes the REPORT command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________A 9.1 Description 9.1 Description 9.1 Description ? The REPORT command function generates a report of the ? file and free space fragmentation of the disk. Also al> graph may be generated by the /GRAPH qualifier; this> visualises the free space distribution on your disk.> The /USAGE qualifier will generate a diskspace usage? report. This is especially useful if DISKQUOTA is nots enabled on the disk.@ The default report contains information of the Volume,= files and the bitmap. This output can be suppressedo; by the /NOVOLUME, NOFILE and NOBITMAP qualifiers. = Also the /USAGE qualifier can be used by displayingt? information of a specific UIC or Identifier simply byh9 specifying /USAGE= or /USAGE=.eL __________________________________________________________________S 9.2 Syntax and Output 9.2 Syntax and Output 9.2 Syntax and Output . The syntax of the report command is:8 DFU> REPORT device/QUALIFIERS; Below follows an example and output of the report  command: 9-1 9-1 9-1  p s2 REPORT REPORT REPORT9 DFU> REPORT USER3:/GRAPH/USAGE J %DFU-I-REPORT, Reporting on USER3: ($1$DUA102:)Q ***** Volume info for USER3: (from HOME block) *****nE Volume name : USER3MF Volume owner : SYSTEM> Volume set name :G Highwater mark. / Erase on del. : No / Not> Structure name :A Clustersize : 3 F Maximum # files : 367618C First header VBN : 103TI Header count : 51547 (1) I Free headers : 10951 (2)tJ ***** File statistics (from INDEXF.SYS) *****X INDEXF.SYS fragments /map_in_use : 21 / 61 (39% used) (3)I Total files (ODS2 / ODS5) : 40595 / 0fA Files with extension headers : 0rX Files marked for delete : 19 , size : 25/63 blocksD Directory files : 1957C Empty files : 177aE Files with allocation : 40418 I Contiguous fil>es : 40326 (4) P Total size used /allocated : 2492431 /2533209E Total fragments : 40770 J Average fragments per file : 1.009 (5)U File fragmentation index : 0.692 (excellent) (6) B Average size per fragment : 62> Most fragmented file :\ $1$DUA102:[LARGEUSER]A.DAT;1 ( 180/630 blocks; 30 fragments)P ***** Free space statistics (from BITMAP.SYS) *****G Total blocks on disk : 2940951 F Total free blocks : 407742B Percentage free (rounded) : 13C Total free extents : 260 ` Largest free extent : 42912 blocks at LBN: 2463597 (7)D Average extent size (rounded) : 1568U Free space fragmentation index : 0.191 (excellent) (6) ) 9-2 9-2 9-2   REPORT REPORT REPORT h LBN +------------------------------------------------------------+ %h 0->|***....***********.************.******...*********..********| 6%h 208360->|************************************************************| 13%h 416721->|************************************************************| 20%h 625081->|******************************************************.*****| 26%h 833442->|*******..*********************************..****************| 33%h 1041802->|******.**.*********...********.*****.*******...*.**..*.***..| 40%h 1250163->|.*..*****************....*.....**.*. ..*****.***..****. ..*| 46%h 1458523->|**********. .*******************************************.**.| 53%h 1666884->|.**... ....... .*******...**********.*..***********..******| 60%h 1875244->|***.. ....*...**********. ..*********. .**************| 66%h 2083605->|*********************************.*****.. .****... . .... | 73%h 2291965->| ..*******.... ......**************************************| 80%h 2500326->|****..*****.*****.**. .********...*.*****..*******.*..*| 86%h 2708686->|.*******..*******.***..*.****************.*. .*...**********| 93%h 2917047->|..**. .*********************.******.. .*******. |100%d +------------------------------------------------------------+h * : Fully allocated, . : Partial allocated, : Free, 3472 blocks eachP Free space distribution, each * = 2100 free blocksY ***** Disk Usage Table (from INDEXF.SYS and QUOTA.SYS) *****ie Identifier/UIC Used/Allocated Headers Quota Used/Perm e ------------------------------------------------------------------------- b [SSG,MRX] 42079/46356 2259 48615/60000c [SSG,TESTJE] 189306/254742 4935 259677/300000b [SSG,LARGEUSER] 47961/50238 1648 51886/65000d [SYSTEM] 499554/505626 4954 510580/2000000 .f .  .O8 The various items have the following meaning :@ 1 The header count is calculated based on the size of> INDEXF.SYS. If more headers are needed INDEXF.SYS has to be extended.A 2 The free headers gives the number of free entries ins0 INDEXF.SYS before it has to extend. 9-3 9-3 9-3g r 2 REPORT REPORT REPORT? 3 The INDEXF.SYS number of fragments and mapwords in? use are very important figures to determine if the= INDEXF.SYS file can be extended. The theoreticalB> maximum number of mapwords is 155. This value may; be less if there are ACL's on INDEXF.SYS. Each @ fragment, and therefore each retrieval pointer must? be in the mapword area. As the size of a retrieval ? pointer depends on the physical size of a disk, it = is not easy to say how many fragments INDEXF.SYS ; can store in the mapwords area. If the mapwordM? area is full the INDEXF file can no longer extend,m= and creating new files may result in a SYSTEM-W-D HEADERFULL error.= 4 Files which have exactly 1 retrieval pointer are @ considered to be contiguous. This doesn't mean that: the CONTIGUOUS bit is set in the file header.@ 5 The average fragments per file give some indication0 about the total file fragmentation.8 6 The file and free space fragmentation index. classifies your disk as follows : o 0-1 : Excellent o 1-2 : Goodf o 2-3 : Fair  o 3-4 : Poorr o >4 : Bade@ If your index is greater than 3 you should consider@ defragmenting the disk using Digitals DFO software,; by performing an Image BACKUP / Restore, or of 7 course by using DFU's DEFRAG/DISK command. ; 7 The largest free extent is a useful figure for > defragmentation purposes. You cannot defragment a; file when its size is greater than this value.0) 9-4 9-4 9-4r n m REPORT command REPORT command REPORT command Syntax and Output Syntax and Output Syntax and Output> When using /GRAPH the disk's free space distribution@ is shown as a bitmap image. Each position in the graph? represents a certain number of blocks (in the examplee= above 3472 blocks). This bitmap image gives a quick9= impression about the free space distribution on the  disk.7> If you use the /USAGE qualifier a sorted usage table8 will be added. Per Identifier / UIC the blocks< used/allocated, and the number of file headers are< shown. If Diskquota is enabled a third column will; be included which shows the blocks used/permitted > allowing to QUOTA.SYS. Normally quota should satisfy the following rule :M Quota used = blocks allocated + # of file headersoA _______________________________________________________n2 REPORT REPORT REPORT? Create a file and free space report of a disk device. A _______________________________________________________ 2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT REPORT REPORT REPORT _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]A _______________________________________________________ > PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSO _________ device[:] device[:] device[:] ? Device to be reported. You may also specify a logical  devicename. A _______________________________________________________ > QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSk ________________ /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename < This qualifier redirects the output to be appended> to an already existing file. If the output file does 9-5 9-5 9-5  F _J REPORT command REPORT command REPORT command2 REPORT REPORT REPORT? not exists it will be created. You can use /APPEND orh /OUTPUT but not both.aC ______ /GRAPH /GRAPH /GRAPHr6 This qualifier generates a graph table which= visualizes the free space distribution on the disk.o" /NOGRAPH is the default.O _________ /NOBITMAP /NOBITMAP /NOBITMAP_< The /NOBITMAP qualifier suppresses the "Free space statistics" output.=G _______ /NOFILE /NOFILE /NOFILEe@ The /NOFILE qualifier suppressed the "File Statistics" output. O _________ /NOVOLUME /NOVOLUME /NOVOLUMEi> The /NOVOLUME qualifier suppresses the "Volume info" output._k ________________ /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filenamed< This qualifier redirects the output to a file. The, output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT.W ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICSr= This qualifier displays the performance statistics:l5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. ___________ __ ___________ /USAGE(=uic or identifier) /USAGE(=uic or identifier) /USAGE(=uic or identifier)e> The /USAGE qualifier will generate a diskspace usage: report based on Identifiers/UIC. If diskquota is@ enabled on the disk the blocks used/permitted allowing@ to QUOTA.SYS will also be shown. /USAGE is very useful? when diskquota is not enabled on the disk. When a UIC = or identifier is specified only the information for 3 this UIC or identifier will be displayed. ) 9-6 9-6 9-6   REPORT REPORT REPORT 9-7 9-7 9-7  n A _______________________________________________________ 2 10 SEARCH 10 SEARCH 10 SEARCH< This chapter describes the SEARCH command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 10.1 Introduction 10.1 Introduction 10.1 Introduction9 The search function allows very quick disk-wides= searches for specific files. You can use almost any 8 possible file attribute as a search qualifier.L __________________________________________________________________S 10.2 Syntax and Output 10.2 Syntax and Output 10.2 Syntax and Output + The command syntax for SEARCH is:8 DFU> SEARCH device/qualifiers@ The output is displayed on your terminal. You can also> sort the output with the /SORT qualifier. The output( is shown in 2 or 3 columns eg:? DFU> SEARCH MYDISK/FILE=X.X/FRAGMENT  .  .sZ $1$DUA102:[USER.COMMAND]X.X;1 1/3 1/1 ._ ._@ The first column shows the full file name . The device? name is included in the file name. The second columnsa? shows the file size as actual/allocated size. The 3rd < column is optional and will only be shown when the= /FRAGMENT qualifier is used. It shows the number oft1 fileheaders / number of file fragments.i 10-1 10-1 10-1  2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCHL ___________________________________________________________________ 10.3 Volume Set processing 10.3 Volume Set processing 10.3 Volume Set processingy> SEARCH checks if the device to-be-searched is member> of a volume set. If so, the complete volume set will> be processed, starting with Relative Volume Number 1= up to the last member in set. You can override thiso1 behaviour with the /NOVOLSET qualifier. L __________________________________________________________________S 10.4 Output formatting 10.4 Output formatting 10.4 Output formatting = The qualifier /FORMAT can be used with SEARCH. This = allows the build up of a command procedure directly : from the output generated by the SEARCH command.2 /FORMAT has the following restrictions :> 1 /FORMAT is only valid with the /OUTPUT qualifier,? and can not be used together with the /FULL or the  /SORT qualifiers.8 2 The format string used must contain the !AS= directive (in uppercase). The file found will be , substituted at the !AS location Example:_ DFU> SEARCH/OUTP=DEL.COM/FORMAT="$DELETE/CONF !AS"/FILE=*.LOG mydisk L __________________________________________________________________w 10.5 UIC and identifier processing 10.5 UIC and identifier processing 10.5 UIC and identifier processing @ Version V2.4 introduced an improved handling of UIC's.> Previous versions of DFU only accepted a numeric UIC@ in the /OWNER qaulifier or an identifier in the /IDENT= qualifier. V2.4 and later now accepts all valid UIC > and identifier formats (numeric and alphanumeric) in@ the /OWNER and /IDENT qualifiers. Technically there is@ > no longer any difference between these two qualifiers,= but they will be left in for compatibility reasons. , 10-2 10-2 10-2  SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH A _______________________________________________________ 2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH. Fast file search through INDEXF.SYS.A _______________________________________________________ 2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]A _______________________________________________________ > PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSO _________ device[:] device[:] device[:] ? Device to be searched. You may also specify a logical  devicename.eA _______________________________________________________eA DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTIONe8 The SEARCH command is used for quick disk-wide> searches for specific files. The qualifiers describe> the file attributes used as the search criteria. You< can combine almost all of the possible qualifiers,* unless otherwise specified. Eg.:Z DFU> SEARCH DISK1/SIZE=MIN=10/OWN=[1,4]/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY? is a valid command. Note that qualifiers will be used < in a logical AND manner, that is, SEARCH will only> display files which match all qualifiers and options specified.A _______________________________________________________*> QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS _______________________ /ACCESS=option(,option) /ACCESS=option(,option) /ACCESS=option(,option)*7 The /ACCESS qualifier is used to search files = depending on their last ACCESS date (VMS 7.2 only).*$ The possible options are : o /ACCESS=BEFORE=date 10-3 10-3 10-3* * *J SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH o /ACCESS=SINCE=date  o /ACCESS=NONE.g _______________ /ACE=identifier /ACE=identifier /ACE=identifier.7 Search for files which have an ACE containing ; the specific identifier. Only ACE's of the format*9 "IDENTIFIER=,..." will be searched. S __________ /ALLOCATED /ALLOCATED /ALLOCATED 8 Default, SEARCH will use the actual file size.; The /ALLOCATED qualifier forces SEARCH to use the @ allocated filesize. This qualifier is only meaningfull' if you combine it with /SIZE. k ________________ /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename < This qualifier redirects the output to be appended> to an already existing file. If the output file does? not exists it will be created. You can use /APPEND or  /OUTPUT but not both.d __________________________ /ATTRIBUTE=option(,option) /ATTRIBUTE=option(,option) /ATTRIBUTE=option(,option) : The /ATTRIBUTE qualifier is used to search files< depending on their last attribute change date (VMS/ 7.2 only). The possible options are :-# o /ATTRIBUTE=BEFORE=date " o /ATTRIBUTE=SINCE=date o /ATTRIBUTE=NONE _______________________ /BACKUP=option(,option) /BACKUP=option(,option) /BACKUP=option(,option) 7 The /BACKUP qualifier is used to search files > depending on their backup date. The possible options are :0 o /BACKUP=BEFORE=date o /BACKUP=SINCE=date , 10-4 10-4 10-4  O SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH  o /BACKUP=NONE ? The NONE option gives files which don't have a backup : date recorded.The other 2 options can be used to< get files which have a backup date before or after= a specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE option can be " combined in one command. ________________________ /BAKFID=backlink-file-id /BAKFID=backlink-file-id /BAKFID=backlink-file-idv> You can use this qualifier to look for a file with a? specific backlink. Only the first part of the file ide? must be specified, that is, if the file id is (x,y,z)r? you must specify 'x' as the file id. You can use thiss> qualifier to get files from a specific directory. If? you use /BAKFID=0 you will get files not belonging tor. a directory (often temporary files). ________________________________ /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...) /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...) /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...)e; This qualifier is used to get files with specifict? file characteristics.The characteristics can have thea following values:a( o Directory : directory files- o Nobackup : files marked nobackup4 o Contiguous : files marked as contiguous/ o Erase : erase file before deletion o Spool : spool files9 o Badblock : files which contain suspected bad  block(s)r0 o Badacl : files with a corrupted ACL7 o Besttry : files marked contiguous-best-tryd4 o Scratch : files marked as scratch files7 o Nocharge : files not charged against quota ) o Nomove : files marked NoMovec: o Locked : files with the deaccess lock bit set 10-5 10-5 10-5   J SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH/ o Marked : files marked for deletion 9 o Noshelvable : files which can not be shelvedt0 o Isshelved : files which are shelved< The several characteristics can be combined in one= command.If you want a logical OR behaviour in steadk? of the default AND behaviour, you can use the special  option MATCH=OR eg: C SEARCH disk/CHAR=(NOMOVE,DIR,MATCH=OR) ________________________ /CREATED=option(,option) /CREATED=option(,option) /CREATED=option(,option) 8 The /CREATED qualifier is used to search files= depending on their creation date. The options are : ! o /CREATED=BEFORE=date o /CREATED=SINCE=date= These 2 options can be used to get files which have : a creation date before or after a specific date.< The BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command. _________________________ /EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...) /EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...) /EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...): This qualifier is used to exclude files from the? search. You can use wildcard filenames ; you can also # specifiy a list of files._ ________________________ /EXPIRED=option(,option) /EXPIRED=option(,option) /EXPIRED=option(,option) 8 The /EXPIRED qualifier is used to search files= depending on their expiration date. The options are_ :_! o /EXPIRED=BEFORE=date o /EXPIRED=SINCE=date o /EXPIRED=NONE, 10-6 10-6 10-6 i : SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH commandE SEARCH SEARCH SEARCHu8 The NONE option gives files which don't have a= expiration date recorded.The other 2 options can be ? used to get files which have a expiration date before ? or after a specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE option ) can be combined in one command. [ ____________ /FID=file-id /FID=file-id /FID=file-idP= The /FID qualifier is a special function of SEARCH.r; It directs SEARCH to go directly to the specifiedh= file without processing the rest of the Index file. @ Therefore, you cannot combine this qualifierwith other= search qualifiers such as /FILE. Normally a file-ido? consists is in the form (x,y,z) where x is the number @ of the file header within INDEXF.SYS y is the sequence? number, and z is the Relative Volume Number. You onlyt= need to specifiy the x value in the /FID qualifier. ______________________ /FILE=(file1,file2...) /FILE=(file1,file2...) /FILE=(file1,file2...)_; This qualifier is used to search for files with ai= specific file name.You can use wildcard file names;"/ also you can specify a list of files._ _____________________ /FORMAT=format-string /FORMAT=format-string /FORMAT=format-stringo< Create an output file in a format described by the8 format string. The string must contain the !AS8 directive (this must be uppercase). At the !AS< location the resultant filename will be filled in., The /OUTPUT qualifier is required. _________________________________ /FRAGMENT=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr) /FRAGMENT=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr) /FRAGMENT=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr)a= This qualifier displays the number of fragments and.@ file headers of each file found. You can further limit; the files found by using the MINIMUM and MAXIMUM=/ options. For example:h) DFU> disk/FRAG 0 DFU> disk/FRAG=min=10: DFU> disk/FRAG=(min=10,max=100) 10-7 10-7 10-7  P J SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH? _____ /FULL /FULL /FULL < If you use this qualifier, SEARCH will give a full< output for each file found. This output is a look-= alike of the output from DIRECTORY/FULL. You cannot_8 combine this qualifier with /SORT or /SUMMARY.? _____ /HOME /HOME /HOME ; This qualifier directs search to give output from ; the disk's home block. SEARCH uses the home block_? for calculating the free and used file headers within  INDEXF.SYS.I _____________________ __ ___ /(NO)IDENT=identifier or uic /(NO)IDENT=identifier or uic /(NO)IDENT=identifier or uic 6 You can search for files owned by a specific? identifier or UIC. Any valid UIC or identifier format_? may be used. Another way is the /OWNER_UIC qualifier;a= you cannot combine these 2 qualifiers in one SEARCH > command. Issueing /NOIDENT directs DFU to search for= files NOT owned by this IDENTIFIER, eg: DFU> SEARCH ' sys$sysdevice/NOIDENT=SYSTEM.e _________________________ /LBN=logical-block-number /LBN=logical-block-number /LBN=logical-block-numberA= The /LBN qualifier is a special function of SEARCH. 9 This allows you to find a file which contains aX: specific LBN. This may be useful if you have bad< blocks logged in the error log. You cannot combine4 /LBN with search qualifiers such as /FILE. ______________________________ /LIMIT=(MINIMUM=n,MAXAXIMUM=m) /LIMIT=(MINIMUM=n,MAXAXIMUM=m) /LIMIT=(MINIMUM=n,MAXAXIMUM=m)n? Searches DIRECTORY files which have a default versionh; limit between n and m (including n and m). Eithera) MINIMUM or MAXIMUM is required. __________________ __ __________ /(NO)OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /(NO)OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /(NO)OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier8 This qualifier is used to get files owned by a6 specific UIC or identifier. Any valid UIC or@ identifier format may be used. You cannot combine this< qualifier with /IDENT. Specifying /NOOWNER directs: DFU to search for files NOT owned by this UIC or identifier.l, 10-8 10-8 10-8  SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command_ SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH _________________________ /MODIFIED=option(,option) /MODIFIED=option(,option) /MODIFIED=option(,option)l9 The /MODIFIED qualifier is used to search filesw? depending on their modification date. The options aret :/" o /MODIFIED=BEFORE=date! o /MODIFIED=SINCE=datei= These 2 options can be used to get files which havee> a modification date before or after a specific date.< The BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command.O _________ /MULTIPLE /MULTIPLE /MULTIPLE_@ This qualifier searches for files which have m>ore than 1 file header.O _________ /NOSEARCH /NOSEARCH /NOSEARCH = This qualifier can only be used in combination with > /HOME. It is used to get the Homeblock info, without$ searching the entire disk.O _________ /NOVOLSET /NOVOLSET /NOVOLSET : The default behaviour of SEARCH is to process an< entire volume set. You can override this behaviour> with /NOVOLSET. This may be useful when doing a /LBN search. [ ____________ /OUTPUT=file /OUTPUT=file /OUTPUT=file ? This qualifier redirects the output from SEARCH to an = output file.This file can later be used as input to / the DEFRAG, DIRECTORY or SET command. o _________________ /OVER_ALLOCATED=n /OVER_ALLOCATED=n /OVER_ALLOCATED=n = Searches for files where the difference between the 9 used and allocated size is at least 'n' blocks.CG _______ /PLACED /PLACED /PLACED_9 Checks for files which have a placement control< retrieval pointer.This is sometimes set by non-DEC( disk defragmentation programs. 10-9 10-9 10-9[  J SEARCH command SEARCH command SEARCH command2 SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH ___________________________________ /SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2) /SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2) /SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2)a: The /SIZE qualifier is used to limit files found; by their file size.You can either use minimum= or @ maximum= or use both options together. SEARCH will use? the actual file size for selecting files, except wheni+ the /ALLOCATED qualifier is used.s? _____ /SORT /SORT /SORT 9 This qualifier will sort the files found beforei= being output. You can combine this with the /OUTPUTI7 qualifier (the default output is SYS$OUTPUT).vW ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICSs= This qualifier displays the performance statistics:l5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults._K ________ /SUMMARY /SUMMARY /SUMMARY ; This qualifier will limit the output to the total_> number of files found, with their size (and optional; the fragmentation when /FRAG is used). You cannot & combine /SUMMARY with /FULL.[ ____________ /TYPE=option /TYPE=option /TYPE=optione; The /TYPE qualifier has 2 options : /TYPE=ODS2 or > /TYPE=ODS5. This qualifier can be used to search for? files with either a ODS2 or an ODS5 file header. This < qualifier is only usefull on ODS5 disk (VMS V7.2). _____________________________________ /VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=n,maximum=m) /VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=n,maximum=m) /VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=n,maximum=m) @ The /VERSION_NUMBER qualifier is used search for files< within a range (n thru m) of file version numbers.< Logfiles which are produced with the same name may; pose problems when they reach the maximum version = number (32767). Using /VERSION=MIN=32000 is a quick ! way to find such files. / 10-10 10-10 10-10, A SEARCH SEARCH SEARCH 10-11 10-11 10-11/ E oA _______________________________________________________ ) 11 SET 11 SET 11 SETI9 This chapter describes the SET command with the , related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 11.1 Introduction 11.1 Introduction 11.1 Introduction> The SET command allows you to modify file attributes< which can't be modified through DCL commands. Note? that you should be careful about using this function;B8 you may easily corrupt files. This much wanted@ functionality was introduced in VMS 6.0 with a new DCL@ command $SET FILE/ATTRIBUTES. Still DFU's SET has some? options which are not in SET FILE/ATTRIBUTES (such as ! setting a BACKUP date).> The new qualifier, /IGNORE=INTERLOCK, allows setting7 file attributes even on open or locked files.AL __________________________________________________________________w 11.2 UIC and identifier processing 11.2 UIC and identifier processing 11.2 UIC and identifier processing 9 As of version V2.4 of DFU the /OWNER and /IDENT ; qualifier now accepts all valid UIC or identifier 0 formats. See chapter 10.5 for details. 11-1 11-1 11-1n o nA SET command SET command SET commande) SET SET SET A _______________________________________________________k) SET SET SETn! Modify file attributes.eA _______________________________________________________ 2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT SET SET SET _____________________ file1,file2,...,@file file1,file2,...,@file file1,file2,...,@file A _______________________________________________________r> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERS _____________________ file1,file2,...,@file file1,file2,...,@file file1,file2,...,@filee8 The files to be modified. The attributes to be@ modified are specified with qualifiers. Wildcards area? allowed in the filename. An indirect file can be used ? by using the @ sign. This allows processing of a filel0 list produced by a DFU SEARCH command.A _______________________________________________________b> QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSo _________________ /ACCESS_DATE=date /ACCESS_DATE=date /ACCESS_DATE=datec ______________ /NOACCESS_DATE /NOACCESS_DATE /NOACCESS_DATEc= Controls whether a new last-access date is assigned> to the specified files. (V7.2 only) Specify the date> according to the rules described in Chapter 1 of the= VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords are = allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date @ is used. If you specify /NOACCESS_DATE the last access% date field will be cleared. { ____________________ /ATTRIBUTE_DATE=date /ATTRIBUTE_DATE=date /ATTRIBUTE_DATE=datefo _________________ /NOATTRIBUTE_DATE /NOATTRIBUTE_DATE /NOATTRIBUTE_DATEw> Controls whether a new last attribute change date is> assigned to the specified files (V7.2 only). Specify@ the date according to the rules described in Chapter 1@ of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords< are allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's, 11-2 11-2 11-2 D a SET command SET command SET commande SET SET SET_< date is used. If you specify /NOATTRIBUTE_DATE the; last attribute change date field will be cleared. o _________________ /BACKUP_DATE=date /BACKUP_DATE=date /BACKUP_DATE=datec ______________ /NOBACKUP_DATE /NOBACKUP_DATE /NOBACKUP_DATE,? Controls whether a new backup date is assigned to thei< specified files. Specify the date according to the> rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts< Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you= specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. If youE> specify /NOBACKUP_DATE the Backup date field will be cleared.G _______ /BADACL /BADACL /BADACL O _________ /NOBADACL /NOBADACL /NOBADACL > Sets or resets the 'BADACL' flag in the file header.? This enables deletion of a file with a corrupted ACL. k ________________ /BUCKETSIZE=size /BUCKETSIZE=size /BUCKETSIZE=size : Sets a new value for the bucket size in the file header.TK ________ /CONFIRM /CONFIRM /CONFIRM { __________ _________ /NOCONFIRM (default) /NOCONFIRM (default) /NOCONFIRM (default): Controls whether a request is issued before each@ individual SET operation to confirm that the operation; should be performed on that file. When the systemo? issues the prompt, you can issue any of the following  responses:1 YES NO QUITq3 TRUE FALSE CTRL/Za0 1 0 ALL+ = You can use any combination of upper- and lowercase; letters for word responses. Word responses can bel= abbreviated to one or more letters (for example, T,r< TR, or TRU for TRUE). Affirmative answers are YES,= TRUE, and 1. Negative answers are NO, FALSE, 0, ande? . QUIT or CTRL/Z indicates that you want to stops 11-3 11-3 11-3F A oA SET command SET command SET commandt) SET SET SET @ processing the command at that point. When you respond< with ALL, the command continues to process, but no; further prompts are given. If you type a responsef> other than one of those in the list, the prompt will be reissued.{ ____________________ /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRYa ______________________ /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRYo= Sets or resets the 'CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY' bit in thee file header.w ___________________ /CREATION_DATE=date /CREATION_DATE=date /CREATION_DATE=date=k ________________ /NOCREATION_DATE /NOCREATION_DATE /NOCREATION_DATE = Controls whether a new creation date is assigned to @ the specified files. Specify the date according to the> rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts< Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you6 specify 0 as the date, today's date is used.S __________ /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORYu[ ____________ /NODIRECTORY /NODIRECTORY /NODIRECTORYY; Sets or resets the directory attribute of a file.R< This qualifier allows you to set the directory bit; of a file which was mistakingly reset by the 'SET < FILE/NODIRECTORY' command. If it is done on a non-< directory file, then access to that directory will% give a 'BADIRECTORY' error.Eg _______________ /EBLOCK[=block] /EBLOCK[=block] /EBLOCK[=block]E; This qualifier will reset the end-of-file mark to: the highest block allocated if no block has been? specified. Otherwise the end-of-file mark will be set ! to the specified block.h_ _____________ /EBYTE[=byte] /EBYTE[=byte] /EBYTE[=byte] ; This qualifier will set the end-of-file byte mark ; to the highest byte if it has not been specified. @ Otherwise the end-of-file byte mark will be set to the specified byte.c, 11-4 11-4 11-4  SET command SET command SET command SET SET SETn _____________________ /EXPIRATION_DATE=date /EXPIRATION_DATE=date /EXPIRATION_DATE=datehs __________________ /NOEXPIRATION_DATE /NOEXPIRATION_DATE /NOEXPIRATION_DATEi< Controls whether an expiration date is assigned to@ the specified files. Specify the date according to the> rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts< Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you6 specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. _________________ __ ___ /IDENT=identifier or uic /IDENT=identifier or uic /IDENT=identifier or uicc> Modify the file ownership. See also /OWNER_UIC. This; allows modification of the file-ownership even if ? the file is open, eg. INDEXF.SYS. You cannot use both /IDENT and /OWNER_UIC.o _________________ /IGNORE=INTERLOCK /IGNORE=INTERLOCK /IGNORE=INTERLOCK : Perform the SET command on open or locked files.@ Default DFU will return a %SYSTEM-E-ACCONFLICT on open? files. The /IGNORE=INTERLOCK option can overrule this  behaviour.G _______ /LOCKED /LOCKED /LOCKEDpO _________ /NOLOCKED /NOLOCKED /NOLOCKEDu9 This q>ualifier will lock a file for future use.t< Nothing else can then be done with the file, until= it is unlocked (which can also be done with the VMS  'UNLOCK' command.ec ____ _________ /LOG (default) /LOG (default) /LOG (default)hC ______ /NOLOG /NOLOG /NOLOG< Controls whether the SET command displays the file> specification of each file after the modification is made. c ______________ /MAXREC=record /MAXREC=record /MAXREC=record ? Sets a new value for the maximum record number in thei file header. 11-5 11-5 11-5S C sA SET command SET command SET commandv) SET SET SET G _______ /NOMOVE /NOMOVE /NOMOVE/< This qualifier disables or enables (/NONOMOVE) the< MoveFile attribute on files. It is the same as the> DCL command SET FILE/NOMOVE, but in conjunction with> /IGNORE=INTERLOCK DFU can change the setting on Open or Locked files. _____________________ /ORGANIZATION=keyword /ORGANIZATION=keyword /ORGANIZATION=keyworde? The following keywords are used as parameters for theC? ORGANIZATION qualifier: DIRECT, INDEXED, RELATIVE and < SEQUENTIAL. This will allow you to modify the file> organization type in the file header. Of course this9 won't change the real organization of the file. ______________ __ __________ /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier < Modify the file ownership to an UIC or identifier.@ See also /IDENT. This allows modification of the file-= ownership even if the file is open, eg. INDEXF.SYS._4 You cannot use both /IDENT and /OWNER_UIC. ______________________ /RECATTRIBUTES=keyword /RECATTRIBUTES=keyword /RECATTRIBUTES=keywordS; The following keywords are used as parameters forr> the RECATTRIBUTES qualifier: NONE, FORTRAN, IMPLIED,= PRINT and NOSPAN. This will allow you to modify theu< file's record attributes in the file header. NONE,@ FORTRAN, IMPLIED and PRINT are mutually exclusive, but= can be used in combination with NOSPAN. When NOSPAN = is omitted SPAN is assumed (the default is to allowo- records to cross block boundaries).e_ _____________ /RECSIZE=size /RECSIZE=size /RECSIZE=sizeA: Sets a new value for the record size in the file header.ck ________________ /RECTYPE=keyword /RECTYPE=keyword /RECTYPE=keyword ? The following keywords are used as parameters for thew? RECTYPE qualifier: FIXED, STREAM, STREAMCR, STREAMLF,n= UNDEFINED, VARIABLE and VFC. This will allow you toh; modify the file's record type in the file header.t, 11-6 11-6 11-6 o o SET command SET command SET command SET SET SET w ___________________ /REVISION_DATE=date /REVISION_DATE=date /REVISION_DATE=datelk ________________ /NOREVISION_DATE /NOREVISION_DATE /NOREVISION_DATEl= Controls whether a revision date is assigned to theo< specified files. Specify the date according to the> rules described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts< Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you6 specify 0 as the date, today's date is used.c ______________ /RVCOUNT=count /RVCOUNT=count /RVCOUNT=count = Sets a new value for the revision count in the fileC header.G _______ /UPDATE /UPDATE /UPDATE w _________ _________ /NOUPDATE (default) /NOUPDATE (default) /NOUPDATE (default) ; Normally the file's revision date will be updated < after any modification to it. SET however disables? this update (otherwise the REVISION date could not be ? set). Specify this qualifier if you want the revisione date to be updated. _ _____________ /VFCSIZE=size /VFCSIZE=size /VFCSIZE=size_? Sets a new value for the VFC size in the file header. @ This value will only be used with the VFC record type. 11-7 11-7 11-7   r) SET SET SETm, 11-8 11-8 11-8 A PA _______________________________________________________ 8 12 UNDELETE 12 UNDELETE 12 UNDELETE> This chapter describes the UNDELETE command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 12.1 Introduction 12.1 Introduction 12.1 Introduction> The UNDELETE function is designed to recover deleted> files, if possible. UNDELETE operates in a safe mode> such that it first checks if the deleted file header? and diskblocks are still available. Only in that case = will the file be recovered. Otherwise UNDELETE will@ leave the disk unmodified. UNDELETE has some powerfull options:@ o Generate a list of recoverable files with the /LIST< qualifier. This qualifier will not undelete any> file, and therefore it does not lock up the disk.1 o Undelete multiple files in one pass._= o Make file selections based on the owner with the( /OWNER or /IDENT qualifier.< o Undeleted files which cannot be entered back in: their original directory will be moved to the: [SYSLOST] directory. This saves an additional( ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR action. 12-1 12-1 12-1  b o8 UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETEL __________________________________________________________________k 12.2 File specification syntax 12.2 File specification syntax 12.2 File specification syntaxU= Because a deleted file no longer 'knows' its parent_@ directory you must NOT enter a directory specification@ in the file name. Therefore , the syntax to undelete a specific file is :I DFU> UNDELETE /file=O eg:EA DFU> UNDELETE $1$DIA1:/file=FOO.BARe; DFU will try to re-enter the file in its originaln> directory; it that fails the file will be entered in" the [SYSLOST] directory.L __________________________________________________________________V 12.3 How Undelete works 12.3 How Undelete works 12.3 How Undelete works4 The UNDELETE command operates as follows :3 1 Lock the volume. In the same manner astA ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR and SET VOLUME /REBUILD Undelete : locks the disk for other writers such that no> modifications to the INDEXF, BITMAP or QUOTA file can be made.t@ 2 Search the INDEXF.SYS file if the requested file isA still there. A check is made if it really is a validi! deleted file header.V? 3 Checks if the deleted file header and all possiblee/ extension headers are still valid. ? 4 Checks if the blocks previously owned by this file  are still free.A 5 If all these conditions are met DFU will display the . file and asks for a confirmation.A 6 Rebuilds all of the deleted file headers and bitmaps ; in memory. If no errors are found all the file > headers and bitmaps are written back to disk. The; files original backlink is saved in a table ine memory., 12-2 12-2 12-2 c g UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETE = 7 If appropiate the blocks and headers are chargeda against diskquota.h? 8 When all of INDEXF.SYS has been scanned the volume  is unlocked.C9 9 The file(s) is (are) entered in the originald? directory if possible, using the table build up in,A memory. If the enter command fails (probably becausee= the original directory is gone) the file will be_A entered in [SYSLOST]. DFU will create this directory  if needed.B@ If the /LIST qualifier is used, DFU will just list the@ recoverable files without performing any action on the, disk. The disk will not be locked.< It is important to note that during the bitmap and; file header processing any error will immediatelya> terminate the recovery process, and unlock the disk.? Files which have been recovered up to that point will = still be entered in the appropiate directory. As noR= wrong information has been written back to the disk 7 this should leave the disk in a proper state.d; NOTE: The blocks recovered will NOT be subtractedt8 from the Volume's free block count. To get the; actual freeblock count a SET VOLUME/REBUILD=FORCEe> is necessary. Also a complete reMOUNT will reset the freeblock count.? IMPORTANT: DFU takes care to recover only files whose < original blocks are free. However these blocks may< have been modified in the meantime by another file? which also has been deleted. Therefore each recovereds? file must be checked manually to check its integrity.l 12-3 12-3 12-3  s s8 UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETE) Example of a Undelete session : 5 DFU> undel $1$dua102:/list H Recoverable file [TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2 foundF Recoverable file [TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1 foundG Recoverable file [TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1 foundsD Recoverable file [TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1 found; DFU> undel/file=*.for $1$DUA102: A %DFU-I-READBMAP, Reading BITMAP.SYS... E %DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now LOCKED for writeSC %DFU-I-UNDEL, Start search on $1$DUA102:H Recoverable file [TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2 found; Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : n F Recoverable file [TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1 found; Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : yOE %DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recovered=A %DFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota...NG Recoverable file [TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1 foundw; Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : n.D Recoverable file [TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1 found; Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : y E %DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recoveredtA %DFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota...D9 %DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlocked I %DFU-I-ENTER, Entering file(s) in directory... Z %DFU-S-ENTERED, File CHECK_ID.FOR entered in original directoryX %DFU-S-ENTERED, File CHRLEN.FOR entered in original directory$ DFU> EXIT, 12-4 12-4 12-4 a i UNDELETE command UNDELETE command UNDELETE commandn Files marked for delete Files marked for delete Files marked for deleteL __________________________________________________________________e 12.4 Files marked for delete 12.4 Files marked for delete 12.4 Files marked for deleten9 Normally DFU does not undelete files marked fori= delete. To recover files marked for delete you must ; use the /MARKED qualifier. This will specifically ; undelete files marked for delete. This allows the = recovery of files which are deleted but still open, : such as INSTALLed files, or even recovery of the; system dump file SYSDUMP.DMP whenever such a file # is accidentially deleted. A _______________________________________________________ 8 UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETE8 Recover one or more deleted files on a device.A ________________________________________________________2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETE _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]A _______________________________________________________o> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSC ______ device device device < The device on which to undelete one or more files.= The device will be write-locked during the undeletef process.A _______________________________________________________s> QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSc ______________ /FI>LE=filename /FILE=filename /FILE=filenameL: The file to be recovered. Wildcards may be used.9 If a matching file is found Undelete will ask a.< confirmation. If a certain file is confirmed, that> file will be recovered if possible, and control will@ be returned to the DFU> prompt. If the /FILE qualifier, is omitted DFU will assume *.*;* . 12-5 12-5 12-5   tP UNDELETE command UNDELETE command UNDELETE command8 UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETE _________________ __ ___ /IDENT=identifier or uic /IDENT=identifier or uic /IDENT=identifier or uicm6 You can search for files owned by a specific: identifier or UIC. Another way is the /OWNER_UIC< qualifier; you cannot combine these 2 qualifier in one UNDELETE command. ________________________ /LIST(=output-file-name) /LIST(=output-file-name) /LIST(=output-file-name) ; Generate a list of recoverable files. No undelete ? will take place, and the disk will not be locked. The & defaultoutput is SYS$OUTPUT.G _______ /MARKED /MARKED /MARKEDE? Consider only files marked-for-delete. Such files are @ usuallly still open by some utility, such as INSTALLed( files or the system dump file. ______________ __ __________ /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier < This qualifier is used to select files by a UIC or= identifier . You cannot combine this qualifier with  /IDENT.TW ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICSp= This qualifier displays the performance statistics:N5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.l, 12-6 12-6 12-6 u UNDELETE UNDELETE UNDELETEI 12-7 12-7 12-7_ _ _A _______________________________________________________E/ 13 SPAWN 13 SPAWN 13 SPAWNr6 The new SPAWN command creates an interactive; subprocess. This allows a quick escape to the DCL ? level from an interactive DFU session. The subprocessb= has a default prompt DFU_sub$. In SMG mode the P< key also performs a SPAWN command. You must logout2 explicitly to return to the DFU session. 13-1 13-1 13-1  A _______________________________________________________Y2 14 VERIFY 14 VERIFY 14 VERIFY< This chapter describes the VERIFY command with the, related parameters and qualifiers.L __________________________________________________________________D 14.1 Introduction 14.1 Introduction 14.1 Introduction; The VERIFY command makes an analysis of the disk, = scanning for file and disk structure errors. VERIFY < performs almost all of the checks normally done by= a ANALYZE/DISK command. But VERIFY is several times < faster than ANALYZE/DISK, and uses less resources.9 VERIFY checks and reports the following errors: < o Checks the logical information contained in the disk's HOME block. o Reports files marked for deletion: o Reports mismatches in the index file's bitmap? o Checks the VMS$COMMON.DIR backlink on system disks " o Checks all backlinks.. o Reports multiple allocated blocksA o Reports blocks incorrectly marked free and allocated # o Reports all lost filesMA o Checks for mismatches between blocks used and blocks ? charged in QUOTA.SYS. (Only done when diskquota is enabled)_ 14-1 14-1 14-1   2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFYL __________________________________________________________________\ 14.2 Basic repair actions 14.2 Basic repair actions 14.2 Basic repair actions> The /FIX qualifier can be used to perform some basic> repair actions. Unlike ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR this does? not lock the disk! /FIX repairs the following errors:d: o Deletes file marked for delete (if possible).@ o Recovers lost files and directories into [SYSLOST].8 o Recovers a very rare problem which will get= ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR into a computable loop (This@ problem is fixed in VMS V6.2 or with the VERI02_061 patch kit).> o Recovers a corrupted backlink for the Master File" Directory 000000.DIR.? o Recovers a wrong backlink for VMS$COMMON.DIR files  on the system diskL __________________________________________________________________e 14.3 Advanced repair actions 14.3 Advanced repair actions 14.3 Advanced repair actions_< The /REBUILD qualifier can be used to perform some> more repair actions. This will however lock the disk> (like a DCL $SET VOLUME/REBUILD=FORCE command) for a> short period of time (usually less than 30 seconds).1 /REBUILD repairs the following errors : @ o Mismatches in the INDEXF.SYS bitmap (files reported3 with the NOBITSET and NOBITCLR errors)i? o Blocks incorrectly marked allocated or free in thet BITMAP.SYS.. o Mismatches in the diskquota file.< Note that /REBUILD does NOT change the disk's free block count., 14-2 14-2 14-2 T a VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY L __________________________________________________________________V 14.4 Directory scanning 14.4 Directory scanning 14.4 Directory scanning9 The /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier will force DFU toe< also verify and repair (when using /FIX) directory: problems. This qualifier directs DFU to scan all= directories on the disk. This has some advantages :< o Better detection of some cases of 'lost' files.= Combined with the /FIX qualifier DFU may be able = to recover such files into the correct directory 7 instead of moving such files to [SYSLOST].L9 o Detects and fixes file-id mismatches between_1 directories and the INDEXF.SYS file. @ o Using the /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier makes DFU fully* compatible with ANALYZE/DISK.= Please note that a complete directory scan may take & several minutes to complete.L __________________________________________________________________Y 14.5 Interpreting errors 14.5 Interpreting errors 14.5 Interpreting errors/< On a system (cluster) wide mounted disk there will@ probably be concurrent disk activity during the VERIFY@ command. Therefore VERIFY may report some errors which@ are not really errors. Try running VERIFY 2 or 3 times; to see if the errors are reported again. To get a_> really consistent report from VERIFY you can use the? /LOCK qualifier. This will write-lock the disk duringe@ the VERIFY run, so don't use this qualifier too often.< (The /REPAIR qualifier of ANALYZE/DISK also write-@ locks the disk). Even if DFU ends ungracefully the DFU3 exit handler will always UNLOCK the disk. 14-3 14-3 14-3i e y2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFYL __________________________________________________________________M 14.6 Error reporting 14.6 Error reporting 14.6 Error reporting 5 An example of a typical VERIFY run follows:I- DFU> VERIFY mydiskh; %DFU-I-VERIFY, Verifying MYDISK: F %DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OKA %DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning INDEXF.SYS ...eC %DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS...iE %DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files... A %DFU-I-CHKQUOTA, Checking QUOTA.SYS... < DFU> VERIFY/REBUILD sys$sysdeviceA %DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now write locked B %DFU=I-VERIFY, Verifying SYS$SYSDEVICE:F %DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OKf %DFU-W-DELETED, file (620,351,1) RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3 marked for delete` %DFU-W-DELETED, file (6349,173,1) DCLTABLES.EXE;937 marked for deleteg %DFU-W-DELETED, file (19745,35,1) RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3 marked for deleteC %DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS... k %DFU-E-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN 2667141 through 2667143 incorrectly marked allocatedIk %DFU-E-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN 2667153 through 2667161 incorrectly marked allocatede . .K %DFU-S-RBDBITMAP, BITMAP.SYS succesfully rebuildiE %DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files...s9 %DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlockedo DFU> 1 VERIFY can report the following errors:n5 ALLOCCLR, blocks incorrectly marked allocated,tU Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: Blocks were found which are not allocatedT= by a file but set in the BITMAP file. This error is ? often seen when VERIFY is run and there is concurrentM< file activity on the disk. Also, if after a system? crash the disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such blocksa, 14-4 14-4 14-4  VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY @ may exist. ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the BITMAP file. 0 ALLOCSET, blocks incorrectly marked free,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: Blocks were found which are allocated by> a file but not set in the BITMAP file. This error is? often seen when VERIFY is run and there is concurrent < file activity on the disk. Also, if after a system? crash the disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such blocksC@ may exist. ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the BITMAP file. / BADBLOCK, file has suspected bad blocks, U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR- Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file has suspected bad blocks. This is= likely to be caused by hardware errors on the disk. User Action: User Action: User Action: Try to copy the file to another location. # Also check the Error Log. 2 BADEXTLNK, link to extension header broken,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: VERIFY tries to follow the extension link ? of the file and it failed, or the extension header isd invalid. User Action: User Action: User Action: Try ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR. However, this> may be an unrepairable error, in which case the file+ will be corrupted and unreliable. 14-5 14-5 14-5F s r2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY@ BADMFDLNK, directory has backlink to 000000.DIR on RVN n,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR_ Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A directory has a backlink to a Master= file directory other than the one on RVN 1. This is > incorrect, but the only way to recover is to reenter> the directory manually into the 000000.DIR on RVN 1. User Action: User Action: User Action: Do a SET FILE/ENTER into the 000000.DIRi@ directory on RVN 1, then do a SET FILE/REMOVE from the wrong 000000.DIR. ' DELETED, file marked for delete, W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGU Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file was found marked for deletion._= Such files usually exists as a result of file being > deleted while it was still INSTALLed, or as a result> of a system crash. It is not considered as an error.? You can try to delete such files by using VERIFY/FIX.' ERR8HOME, Home block info not OK,_U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERRORS Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: The Info contained in the Home Block was& not consistent or corrupted. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR to try to fix the  error., INVBAKFID, file has invalid backlink,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERROR Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: The files backlink file id is not filled? in. This is likely to be a lost file. (Note that oncei< VERIFY reports this error, it will not be reported@ again during the LOSTFILE check). But is also possible= that the file is in a valid directory, but that the , Backlink file id is not filled in. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR. If the file isE= in a valid directory the backlink will be repaired., 14-6 14-6 14-6 E E VERIFY VERIFY VERIFYf; Otherwise the file will be moved to the [SYSLOST] = directory. You can also use VERIFY/FIX but then the : file will unconditionally be moved to [SYSLOST].' LOCKED, file is deaccess locked, W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGf Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: The file is deaccess locked. This may be% a result of a system crash.E User Action: User Action: User Action: Try to unlock the file with the DFU SET - command, or the DCL UNLOCK command.i5 LOSTHDR1, file found in nonexistent directory,_W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNING Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: During the lost file check a file waso; discovered in a nonexistent directory. This error < can be caused as follows : set a directory file to$ NODIRECTORY and delete it. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/FIX to move the file to the [SYSLOST] directory.; LOSTHDR2, file found in directory with bad backlink, W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGT} Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: During the lost file check a file; was discovered in a valid directory. However, the > directory has an invalid backlink. This error can be@ caused by doing a SET FILE/REMOVE of a directory file. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/FIX to move the directory to1? the [SYSLOST] directory. Then move the directory back = to the correct location. The files in the directory $ should be accesible again. 14-7 14-7 14-7  x c2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY1 LOSTHDR3, file found in invalid directory, W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNING Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: During the lost file check a file was_8 discovered in a directory which is not a valid= directory. Either the file has a wrong backlink, orr= the directory file has the directory file attributee not set. User Action: User Action: User Action: Look up the directory and use DFU SET to= set the directory bit. If the directory file was OKs7 then run VERIFY/FIX to recover the lost file.r* LOSTHDR4, not found in a directory,W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGe Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: When the /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier is = used, DFU detects files which have a valid backlinke> but which are not seen in the directory. This can be repaired with /FIX. User Action: User Action: User Action: Using /FIX will enter these files in the correct directory., MULTALLOC, blocks multiple allocated,U Severity: Severity: Severity: ERRORl Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file has blocks allocated which alreadyq> belong to another file. Note that VERIFY will make a@ second pass through INDEXF.SYS to report all the files@ involved. This is a serious error, and may be a result> of a disk being mounted on two seperated VAXClusters( (or a partitioned VAXCluster). User Action: User Action: User Action: Copy all the files found to anotherc; location. Next all the files must be deleted. Runh@ VERIFY/REBUILD to repair the BITMAP. All the afflicted= files must be manually inspected to see which files , are valid and which are corrupted., 14-8 14-8 14-8  VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY1 NOBITCLR, Deleted file header marked BUSY,0W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGi Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file was deleted. The corresponding bits= in the INDEXF bitmap should be cleared but is still_+ set. This is not a serious error.i User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to fix the error./ NOBITSET, index file bitmap bit not set,lW Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNING { Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A valid file was found, but theM< corresponding index file bitmap bit is clear. This! is not a serious error.r User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to fix the error." NOOWNER, file has no owner,W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNING Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: A file was found with UIC [0,0] as the0 owner. This is not a normal situation. User Action: User Action: User Action: Look up the file and modify the file owner.G QUOTAERR, UIC [x,y] has n blocks used, QUOTA indicates m blocks,iW Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNING Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: If a disk has diskquota enabled, VERIFY ; calculates the blocks used and compares them withm: the value in the QUOTA.SYS file. Any mismatch is@ reported. This error is often seen when VERIFY is run,< and there is concurrent file activity on the disk.; Also, if after a system crash the disk is mounted-@ with /NOREBUILD such Quota mismatches may exist. ReRun? VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there.s User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the QUOTAe4 file. Or run a DISKQUOTA> REBUILD command. 14-9 14-9 14-9r i J VERIFY command VERIFY command VERIFY commandM Error reporting Error reporting Error reportingr, SLFBAKFID, backlink points to itself,W Severity: Severity: Severity: WARNINGY Explanation: Explanation: Explanation: This error indicates that DFU has found a < directory with a backlink pointing to itself. This9 feature is only allowed for the MFD 000000.DIR.r= This error will result in ANALYZE/DISK going into a  COMputable loop. User Action: User Action: User Action: Run VERIFY/FIX to move the directory to < the [SYSLOST] directory. Then remove the directory? entry from itself with a SET FILE/REMOVE command. The ; files in the directory should be accesible again._A _______________________________________________________.2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY4 VERIFY a device for disk structure errors.A _______________________________________________________n2 FORMAT FORMAT FORMAT VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY _________ device[:] device[:] device[:]A _______________________________________________________.> PARAMETERS PARAMETERS PARAMETERSC ______ device device device$ The device to be verified.A _______________________________________________________Y> QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERS QUALIFIERSk ________________ /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filename /APPEND=filenameE< This qualifier redirects the output to be appended> to an already existing file. If the output file does? not exists it will be created. You can use /APPEND orD /OUTPUT but not both.l/ 14-10 14-10 14-10C k VERIFY command VERIFY command VERIFY command1 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY g _______________ /DIRECTORY_SCAN /DIRECTORY_SCAN /DIRECTORY_SCAN ? Performs a full directory scan. This may take up somel= time, but it allows detection of mismatches betweenl) the directories and INDEXF.SYS.e; ____ /FIX /FIX /FIX k ______ _________ /NOFIX (default) /NOFIX (default) /NOFIX (default) ; Repair errors on the disk. File marked for delete @ will be deleted and lost files and directories will be moved to [SYSLOST]. ? _____ /LOCK /LOCK /LOCK o _______ _________ /NOLOCK (default) /NOLOCK (default) /NOLOCK (default) ; Locks the disk for file allocation/deletion. This ; gives a consistent report for the disk, but otherR? users may experience a delay when accessing the disk.R= The device will be unlocked a the end of the VERIFY  command.k ________________ /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename /OUTPUT=filename < This qualifier redirects the output to a file. The< output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT. CAUTION: if you= use /LOCK in combination with /OUTPUT be careful to < specify an outputfile on ANOTHER disk, or DFU will% finish with a severe error. K ________ /REBUILD /REBUILD /REBUILDt{ __________ _________ /NOREBUILD (default) /NOREBUILD (default) /NOREBUILD (default)v= Perform a volume rebuild. Using this qualifier willi4 temporarily lock the disk for other users.W ___________ /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /STATISTICS = This qualifier displays the performance statistics: 5 CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults. 14-11 14-11 14-11i  2 VERIFY VERIFY VERIFY/ 14-12 14-12 14-12 0[SYSHLP]DFU026.PS(((Zhޜzhhޜ((lIHIlJ>%!PS-Adobe-3.0%%Title: DFU026_FREE%%Creator: DECdocument V3.1H/%%Copyright: 1995-1996 Touch Technologies, Inc.%%+All Rights Reserved.(%%CreationDate: Mon Oct 19 1998 11:51:56%%For: DORLAND %%BoundingBox: (atend)%%DocumentData: Clean7Bit%%LanguageLevel: 1%%Orientation: Portrait%%Pages: (atend)%%PageOrder: Ascend%%DocumentFonts: (atend) %%DocumentNeededFonts: (atend) &%%DocumentProcSets: Underlay Color5044.%%DocumentSuppliedProcSets: Underlay Color5044 %%DocumentProcessColors: (atend)%%DocumentCustomColors: (atend) %%EndComments$%+++TTI changes : added ROTB back in>%+++ : added 1000 ROTB = begin special code example<%+++ : added 1001 ROTB = end special code example0%+++ : added 1002 ROTB = digital logo%!%%BeginResource: procset Underlay%%CreationDate: (2/10/92)%C% In VAX DOCUMENT V2.1-1, simple EPSF files up to 65,000 bytes long@% may be an underlay. Define the EPSF as a PostScript proceedureD% called /UNDERLAY and prefix to DOCUMENT's PS output For example:.&% /UNDERLAY ( EPSF code here ) cvx def%=% To create a "DRAFT" underlay change /UNDERLAY* to /UNDERLAY /UNDERLAY* ( /Note (DRAFT) def /NoteSize 120 def6 /NoteFont /Helvetica findfont NoteSize scalefont def& /Note where { pop Note length 0 gt {8 /NoteWidth NoteFont setfont Note stringwidth pop def/ PaperWidth 36 mul PaperHeight 36 mul moveto& PaperHeight PaperWidth atan rotate6 NoteWidth -2 div NoteSize .729 mul -2 div rmoveto 2 Note true charpath .075 setseparationgray fill }if }if ) cvx def %%EndResource%"%%BeginResource: procset Color5044%%CreationDate: (1/21/91)%%Version:1.0 31%Implementation of Adobe 5044 color specification5%/ndf allows command override during color separation/Color5044Dict 100 dict defColor5044Dict begin/bdf {bind def} def/ndf {1 index where {pop pop pop } {dup xcheck {bind} if def } ifelse } bdf /setcmykcolor {1 exch sub 3 " {dup 5 -1 roll sub 0 2 copy lt {exch} if pop exch } repeat pop setrgbcolor }ndf/setcmykcoloroverprint {4 {dup -1 eq {pop 0} if 4 1 roll } repeat setcmykcolor } ndf/findcmykcustomcolor {5 /packedarray where {pop packedarray } {array astore readonly } ifelse } ndf/setcustomcolor {exch aload pop pop 4 {4 index mul 4 1 roll } repeat setcmykcolor pop } ndf/setseparationgray* {1 exch sub systemdict /setgray get exec } ndf/setoverprint {pop} ndf/currentoverprint false ndf%CMYK multi-proc colorimage /colorimage {4 neH {(\nUnsupported number of colors for colorimage.\n) print flush quit } if notJ {(\nSingle procedure form colorimage unsupported.\n) print flush quit } if' save 20 dict begin /&saveobj exch defE /&Kproc exch def /&Yproc exch def /&Mproc exch def /&Cproc exch def {&Cproc &Mproc &Yproc &Kproc7 /&K exch def /&Y exch def /&M exch def /&C exch def 0 1 &K length 1 sub {/&i exch def &K &i 255 &C &i get 30 mul &M &i get 59 mul add &Y &i get 11 mul add &K &i get 100 mul add 100 idiv dup 255 gt {pop 255} if sub put } for &K } image &saveobj end restore } ndf/customcolorimage! {pop systemdict /image get exec } ndf/separationimage {systemdict /image get exec } ndfend %%EndResourceColor5044Dict begin%/DEC_DVC$dict 300 dict defDEC_DVC$dict begin%/DVC$PSJob save def%5mark % CREATE ISOLatin1Encoding if not there already/ISOLatin1Encoding0 8#000 1 8#054 {StandardEncoding exch get} for  /minus0 8#056 1 8#217 {StandardEncoding exch get} for /dotlessi 0 8#301 1 8#317 {StandardEncoding exch get} for H /space /exclamdown /cent /sterling /currency /yen /brokenbar /section G /dieresis /copyright /ordfeminine /guillemotleft /logicalnot /hyphen L /registered /macron /degree /plusminus /twosuperior /threesuperior /acute E /mu /paragraph /periodcentered /cedilla /onesuperior /ordmasculine L /guillemotright /onequarter /onehalf /threequarters /questiondown /Agrave O /Aacute /Acircumflex /Atilde /Adieresis /Aring /AE /Ccedilla /Egrave /Eacute O /Ecircumflex /Edieresis /Igrave /Iacute /Icircumflex /Idieresis /Eth /Ntilde L /Ograve /Oacute /Ocircumflex /Otilde /Odieresis /multiply /Oslash /Ugrave M /Uacute /Ucircumflex /Udieresis /Yacute /Thorn /germandbls /agrave /aacute G /acircumflex /atilde /adieresis /aring /ae /ccedilla /egrave /eacute N /ecircumflex /edieresis /igrave /iacute /icircumflex /idieresis /eth /ntildeJ /ograve /oacute /ocircumflex /otilde /odieresis /divide /oslash /ugrave < /uacute /ucircumflex /udieresis /yacute /thorn /ydieresis 9 /ISOLatin1Encoding where not {256 array astore def} if cleartomark%,/DOCPSE ISOLatin1Encoding 256 array copy def"mark % CREATE DOCPSE ENCODING 8#055 /hyphenC 8#201 /bullet 8#202 /emdash 8#203 /endash 8#204 /daggerC 8#205 /daggerdbl 8#206 /registered 8#207 /trademark %8#210 /Delta? 8#211 /fi 8#212 /fl 8#213 /OE 8#214 /oe 8#215 /Ydieresis) counttomark -1 bitshift % DIVIDE BY 2: {DOCPSE 3 1 roll put} repeat % STACK NOW CONTAINS MARK cleartomark%3/ReENCODE { % /basefont /newfont encoding ReENCODE7 /newencoding exch def %ARG: NAME OF ENCODING VECTORC /newfontname exch def %ARG: NEW NAME FOR FONT AFTER RE-ENCODING findfont> /basefontdict exch def %ARG: NAME OF FONT TO BE RE-ENCODED? basefontdict maxlength dict begin %CREATE AND OPEN NEW DICT= basefontdict { %COPY ENTRIES FROM BASE FONT DICT TO NEW ONE 1 index /FID ne {5 def %IF NOT THE ONE WE'RE ENCODING, JUST COPY PTRS } { %else: pop pop %IGNORE FID AND ENCODING FOR ONE WE'RE ENCODING } ifelse } forall, /FontName newfontname def %DEFINE NEW NAME 6 /Encoding newencoding def %DEFINE NEW ENCODING VECTOR; newfontname currentdict definefont %TURN IT INTO A PS FONT3 pop %IGNORE MODIFIED DICT RETURNED BY DEFINEFONT end}def%/cvsstr 64 string def/tempmatrix matrix def%2% Exit page (temporarily) to add fonts/characters. /XP { }def% % Resume page,/RP {/ExampleState 0 def} def % RESUME PAGE/ExampleState 0 def%% End Page: EP/EP {DVC$PSPage restore}def%% Purge fonts to reclaim VM/PF { currentoverprint currentrgbcolor EP %Does restore PageSetup %Does save setrgbcolor setoverprint}def%% ABBREVIATIONS /S /show load def/SV /save load def/RST /restore load def%/Yadjust {Ymax exch sub} def%C/SXY { % (x,y) POSITION ABSOLUTE, JUST SET Xpos & Ypos, DON'T MOVE( Yadjust /Ypos exch def /Xpos exch def} def%$/XY { % (x,y) POSITION ABSOLUTE Yadjust moveto} def%#/X { % (x,0) POSITION ABSOLUTE currentpoint exch pop moveto} def%$/Y { % (0,y) POSITION ABSOLUTE & currentpoint pop exch Yadjust moveto} def%$/xy { % (x,y) POSITION RELATIVE neg rmoveto} def%#/x { % (x,0) POSITION RELATIVE 0 rmoveto} def%#/y { % (0,y) POSITION RELATIVE 0 exch neg rmoveto} def%/R { % Draw a rectangle$ /ht exch def /wd exch def gsave currentpoint newpath moveto 0 ht rlineto wd 0 rlineto$ 0 ht neg rlineto wd neg 0 rlineto& closepath fill grestore wd 0 rmoveto}def%3%Setup Page Media: PM/PM { /Xmax exch Resolution mul def /Ymax exch Resolution mul def /UNDERLAY where { pop3 /eps_save save def % save before EPSF underlay9 Resolution 72 div dup scale % Revert coords to points9 count array astore /DVCstack exch def % save op stack/ /dict_count countdictstack def % # of dicts" userdict begin % default dict' /showpage {}def % disable showpage 0 setgray? {UNDERLAY} stopped {(Error executing /UNDERLAY)== quit}ifD countdictstack dict_count sub {end} repeat % clean up dict stack/ clear DVCstack aload pop % restore op stack%* eps_save restore % restore after EPSF }ifA PageSetupe}def%%%Setup page coordinates1 /PageSetup{%.% /DVC$PSPage {save} def % ++cjb: fix VME bug /DVC$PSPage save def9 PortraitMode not {PaperWidth 0 translate 90 rotate} ifn /Xpos 0 def: /Ypos 0 defu}def%:)% Begin EPS file: SPB/SPB {8 Yadjust transform % convert from DVC to device coords EP % page-level restore( /eps_save save def % save before EPSF8 Resolution 72 div dup scale % Revert coords to points2 itransform % convert position back to points % translate % set position for EPSF 3 PortraitMode not {90 rotate} if % rotate for EPSF+7 count array astore /DVCstack exch def % save op stackR- /dict_count countdictstack def % # of dicts1 userdict begin % default dict% /showpage {}def % disable showpages 0 setgray }def%e% End EPS file/SPE {B countdictstack dict_count sub {end} repeat % clean up dict stack- clear DVCstack aload pop % restore op stackc( eps_save restore % restore after EPSF" PageSetup % restore DVC coords}def%!% Print-Page Routine: PP/PP {S gsavee showpage grestore}def%n&/DMF { % /font-name DMF& exch findfont exch scalefont setfont}def% 3/concatnam { % /abcd (xxx) concatnam ==> /abcdxxxu /xxx exch defm /namstr exch cvsstr cvs defe1 /newnam namstr length xxx length add string def7 newnam 0 namstr putintervale& newnam namstr length xxx putinterval newnam cvn }def%%/strip { % /abcdef 2 strip ==> /cdefp /num exch def /nam exch def /namstr nam cvsstr cvs def# /newlen namstr length num sub def $ namstr num newlen getinterval cvn}def/% ROUTINES TO HANDLE PACKING/UNPACKING NUMBERSc8/PackHW { % PackHW --> 0 /num exch def /pos exch def /target exch def: num 16#0000FFFF and 1 pos sub 16 mul bitshift target or}def</PackByte { % PackByte --> 0 /num exch def /pos exch def /target exch def: num 16#000000FF and 3 pos sub 8 mul bitshift target or}def4/UnpkHW { % UnpkHW -->  /num exch def /pos exch def0 num 1 pos sub -16 mul bitshift 16#0000FFFF and) dup 16#00007FFF gt {16#00010000 sub} ifr}def8/UnpkByte { % UnpkByte -->  /num exch def /pos exch def/ num 3 pos sub -8 mul bitshift 16#000000FF andc) dup 16#0000007F gt {16#00000100 sub} if}def% /ps-scalefont {eJ % FOR PS FONTS, LOOK AT SIZE REQUESTED. IF IT HAS A DECIMAL REMAINDERL % EQUIVALENT TO .001-.009 POINTS (I.E., .050-.450 VAXDOC UNITS), THAT'S H % A FLAG TO STRETCH IT VERTICALLY BY ADDING 1-9 EXTRA POINTS TO THE  % VERTICAL SCALING.fA % save requested size - as entered and as integer2, dup /x-size exch def cvi /x-int exch def; % calc decimal remainder, mul x 1000, round ; x-size x-int sub 1000 mul round cvi /remainder exch def % % see how we scale...l) remainder 50 lt remainder 450 gt or {K& % scale isomorphically /ystretch 0 def  x-size scalefont } { & % scale anamorphically /ystretch remainder def+ x-int ystretch add /y-size exch defm' [x-int 0 0 y-size 0 0] makefontc } ifelse}def%p(/DPSF { % /procname size /fontname DPSF< findfont exch ps-scalefont [ exch /setfont cvx ] cvx def}def%s/PXLBuildCharDict 17 dict def/CMEncodingArray 256 array def90 1 255 {CMEncodingArray exch dup cvsstr cvs cvn put} forA)/RasterConvert {RasterScaleFactor div}def/TransformBBox { aload pop#H /BB-ury exch def /BB-urx exch def /BB-lly exch def /BB-llx exch def. [ BB-llx RasterConvert BB-lly RasterConvert / BB-urx RasterConvert BB-ury RasterConvert ]/}def/RunLengthToRasters {u % none yet}def7/GenerateRasters { % GENERATE RASTERS FOR "IMAGEMASK"m1 rasters runlength 1 eq {RunLengthToRasters} if }def%p)/int-dict-name {int (-dict) concatnam}def -/int-dict {int (-dict) concatnam cvx load}defe%e/DefinePXLFont {E % ... 1 % ...[llx lly urx ury]DefinePXLFont C /newfont exch def /bb exch def /num exch def /psz exch defrC /dsz exch def /pxlmag exch def /ext exch def /int exch def 9 /fnam ext (-) concatnam pxlmag cvsstr cvs concatnam def newfont not {m int-dict-name 13 dict def/ int-dict beginF /FontType 3 def /FontMatrix [ 1 dsz div 0 0 1 dsz div 0 0 ] defC /FontBBox bb TransformBBox def /Encoding CMEncodingArray defdI /CharDict 1 dict def CharDict begin /Char-Info num array def endv /BuildChar { PXLBuildCharDict begin, /char exch def /fontdict exch defB fontdict /CharDict get /Char-Info get char get aload pop2 /rasters exch def /PackedWord1 exch def+ 0 PackedWord1 UnpkHW 16#7FFF ne { 8 /PackedWord2 exch def /wx 0 PackedWord1 UnpkHW defN /rows 2 PackedWord1 UnpkByte def /cols 3 PackedWord1 UnpkByte defM /llx 0 PackedWord2 UnpkByte def /lly 1 PackedWord2 UnpkByte defrM /urx 2 PackedWord2 UnpkByte def /ury 3 PackedWord2 UnpkByte deft }{ %elseWG /PackedWord2 exch def /PackedWord3 exch def /PackedWord4 exch defiJ /wx 1 PackedWord1 UnpkHW def /rows 0 PackedWord2 UnpkHW defI /cols 1 PackedWord2 UnpkHW def /llx 0 PackedWord3 UnpkHW defoI /lly 1 PackedWord3 UnpkHW def /urx 0 PackedWord4 UnpkHW defe) /ury 1 PackedWord4 UnpkHW defP } ifelse rows 0 lt {S( /rows rows neg def /runlength 1 def }{ %else{ /runlength 0 defE } ifelseN wx 0. llx RasterConvert lly RasterConvert < urx RasterConvert ury RasterConvert setcachedevice rows 0 ne {f gsave) cols rows true RasterScaleFactor NB 0 0 RasterScaleFactor neg llx .5 add neg ury .5 add : tempmatrix astore GenerateRasters imagemask grestore } if end }def endf! fnam int-dict definefont pop a } if c/ int-dict-name fnam findfont psz scalefont def/3 currentdict int [ int-dict /setfont cvx ] cvx put }def A/PXLF { true DefinePXLFont}def % SIGNAL THAT FONT ALREADY LOADED F/PXLNF {false DefinePXLFont}def % SIGNAL THAT FONT NOT ALREADY LOADED%s:/PXLC { % ...* % ...PXLCH /rasters exch def /runlength exch def /cols exch def /rows exch defG /ury exch def /urx exch def /lly exch def /llx exch defY7 /wx exch def /code exch def /int exch deff+ % SEE IF LONG OR SHORT FORMAT IS REQUIREDO? true cols CKSZ rows CKSZ ury CKSZ urx CKSZ lly CKSZ llx CKSZ S TackRunLengthToRows {c/ int-dict /CharDict get /Char-Info get code IC [ 0 0 llx PackByte 1 lly PackByte 2 urx PackByte 3 ury PackByte A 0 0 wx PackHW 2 rows PackByte 3 cols PackByte rasters ] put }{ %else/ int-dict /CharDict get /Char-Info get code {? [ 0 0 urx PackHW 1 ury PackHW 0 0 llx PackHW 1 lly PackHWP 0 0 rows PackHW 1 cols PackHW 0 0 16#7FFF PackHW 1 wx PackHW rasters ] put } ifelse}def%/CKSZ {abs 127 le and}defo@/TackRunLengthToRows {runlength 0 ne {/rows rows neg def} if}def%0/PLOTC {K % PLOTCaH /raste>rs exch def /runlength exch def /cols exch def /rows exch defG /ury exch def /urx exch def /lly exch def /llx exch def6 /psz exch def /dsz exch def /wx exch def' % "PLOT" A CHARACTER'S RASTER PATTERN rows 0 ne {t gsaved3 currentpoint translate psz dsz div dup scalei> cols rows true RasterScaleFactor 0 0 RasterScaleFactor 6 neg llx .5 add neg ury .5 add tempmatrix astore GenerateRasters imagemask grestore } if wx x}def%e% set color routine: Color# SC6/SC {ColorPalette exch get 1.0 setcustomcolor}bind def%s%e<% Procedures for implementing the "rotate " special:% ROTB -% - ROTE -/1%+++ TTI changes to allow .screen escape sequenceP% 1000 ROTB -> start screenn% 1001 ROTB -> end screen % 1002 ROTB -> Digital logo:/codexindent 590 def/ROTB {  dup 1000 eq {t$ % 1000 ROTB - start code example pop /ExampleState 0 defo /S { dup (.screen) eq { % start screen exampleC% pjf fix 7-4-92 : first line after .screen was indented improperlyt: currentpoint /ExampleY exch def /ExampleX exch def 1 setgray show 0 setgray /S {3 /ExampleName exch def /ExampleState 1 defn7 codexindent 0 translate codexindent 0 rmovetoc. 1 setgray ExampleName show 0 setgray /S /show load def ! /FONT104 /F104 load defs* % replace the tilde with a space, currentfont F102 currentfont begin. /Encoding load % - encoding1 % save the old encoding for the tildee3 dup 126 get exch % - e126 encoding, dup 32 get 126 exch put % - e126 ende. % stick tilde encoding in a variable /ExampleTilde exch def8 FONT104 currentfont /F104DICT exch def setfont /F104 {t /S {- currentfont /F104DICT load eq {e. dup length 240 mul /w exch def1 gsave 0 -100 rmoveto currentpointm0 newpath moveto w 0 rlineto 0 440? rlineto w neg 0 rlineto closepath fill grestore ( 1 setgray show 0 setgray } {t# /S /show load def Se } ifelse } def  FONT104B } def } def< } {  % regular code example show /S /show load def } ifelse } def  } { dup 1001 eq {h" % 1001 ROTB - end code example pop< ExampleState 1 eq {nB currentpoint ExampleY exch sub 600 sub /ylength exch def pop2 /xlength 19200 1.25 mul def /radius 1000 def' gsave ExampleX ExampleY translate-3 240 -400 translate .8 1 scale 50 setlinewidth / /Helvetica findfont 250 scalefont setfont 3 ExampleName (-) eq { /ExampleName () def } ifB! ExampleName stringwidth popu9 xlength exch sub -250 radius sub ylength sub moveto 4 gsave 1.25 1 scale ExampleName show grestore! newpath radius neg 0 moveto & 0 ylength neg radius 180 270 arc* xlength ylength neg radius 270 0 arc xlength 0 radius 0 90 arc0 0 0 radius 90 180 arc5 closepath stroke grestore  /ExampleState 0 defL /F104 /FONT104 load def  /S /show load defIF % replace tilde encoding, so it doesn't show up as space anymore( currentfont F102 currentfont begin+ /Encoding load 126 ExampleTilde putr end setfont ; codexindent neg 0 translate codexindent neg 0 rmoveto  } if } { dup 1002 eq {s pop, gsave (-) stringwidth pop neg 0 rmoveto - /Helvetica findfont 450 scalefont setfonty# [(d) (i) (g) (i) (t) (a) (l)] {o. currentpoint currentpoint newpath movetoN 0 -200 rmoveto 300 0 rlineto 0 730 rlineto -300 0 rlineto 0 -730 rlineto fill moveto gsavey6 dup stringwidth pop 300 exch sub 2 div 0 rmoveto' 1 setgray show 0 setgray grestoreo 350 0 rmoveto[ } forall 0 375 rmovetof7 /Helvetica findfont 200 scalefont setfont (TM) show6 grestore } {C % other - do rotations XP gsaveA Xpos Ypos translatec) rotate % using from the stacka Xpos neg Ypos neg translater RP } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse} deff/ROTE {XP grestore RP} def /F104 { } defr %%EndPrologR %%BeginSetup/PxlResolution 300 def/Resolution 3600 def3/RasterScaleFactor PxlResolution Resolution div defT/PortraitMode true def/PaperWidth 8.500 defh/PaperHeight 11.000 def}72 Resolution div dup scaleeA%> Postamble of file OWN$:[SOURCES.CC.DFUSRC]DFU026_FREE.DVI_PS.a*% DefineFont:F153 Category:10 Pointsize:10D/NewCenturySchlbk-Bold /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold@DOCPSE DOCPSE ReENCODE./F153 500.0 /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold@DOCPSE DPSF*% DefineFont:F151 Category:10 Pointsize:10F/NewCenturySchlbk-Roman /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman@DOCPSE DOCPSE ReENCODE//F151 500.0 /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman@DOCPSE DPSFc)% DefineFont:F102 Category:10 Pointsize:8(/Courier /Courier@DOCPSE DOCPSE ReENCODE /F102 400.0 /Courier@DOCPSE DPSF(% DefineFont:F38 Category:10 Pointsize:9,/Helvetica /Helvetica@DOCPSE DOCPSE ReENCODE!/F38 450.0 /Helvetica@DOCPSE DPSF )% DefineFont:F36 Category:10 Pointsize:10-6/Helvetica-Bold /Helvetica-Bold@DOCPSE DOCPSE ReENCODE&/F36 500.0 /Helvetica-Bold@DOCPSE DPSF)% DefineFont:F34 Category:10 Pointsize:10i!/F34 500.0 /Helvetica@DOCPSE DPSFr)% DefineFont:F28 Category:10 Pointsize:12 &/F28 600.0 /Helvetica-Bold@DOCPSE DPSF)% DefineFont:F25 Category:10 Pointsize:14oD/Helvetica-BoldOblique /Helvetica-BoldOblique@DOCPSE DOCPSE ReENCODE-/F25 700.0 /Helvetica-BoldOblique@DOCPSE DPSFe)% DefineFont:F24 Category:10 Pointsize:14t&/F24 700.0 /Helvetica-Bold@DOCPSE DPSF)% DefineFont:F23 Category:10 Pointsize:14e</Helvetica-Oblique /Helvetica-Oblique@DOCPSE DOCPSE ReENCODE)/F23 700.0 /Helvetica-Oblique@DOCPSE DPSFc)% DefineFont:F20 Category:10 Pointsize:18d&/F20 900.0 /Helvetica-Bold@DOCPSE DPSF)% DefineFont:F12 Category:10 Pointsize:30 '/F12 1500.0 /Helvetica-Bold@DOCPSE DPSFo+%> Postamble of file DFU026_FREE_CONTENTS. (% DefineFont:F40 Category:10 Pointsize:9&/F40 450.0 /Helvetica-Bold@DOCPSE DPSF%Spot color array for this job/ColorPalette [w+0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 (BLACK) findcmykcustomcolor ] defn %%EndSetup%i %%Page: (I) 1 %%PageFonts: (atend)%%PageProcessColors: (atend)%%PageCustomColors: (atend)r PaperHeight PaperWidth PM 0 0 XYC0 SC 10773 10524 XY F20(DFU)S 167 x(I2.6)S 10773 13214 XY F34(DFU)SaG166 x(Disk)S 165 x(/)S 167 x(File)S 165 x(Utilities)S 165 x(for)S 167 x H(OpenVMS)S 165 x(V)S -36 x(AX)S 166 x(and)S 166 x(Alpha)S 10773 16502 XYCF36(Revision)S 167 x(Informatio)S 2 x(n:)S 18546 X F34(This)S 166 x C(manual)S 165 x(supersedes)S 166 x(V2.5)S 10773 X 896 y F36(Date:)SnF18546 X F34(October)S 166 x(1998)S 10773 X 897 y F36(Operating)S 167 xF(System:)S 18546 X F34(OpenVMS)S 166 x(V6.2)S 166 x(thru)S 167 x(7.2)SC10773 X 897 y F36(Note:)S 18546 X F34(Part)S 166 x(of)S 167 x(the)SD!166 x(Freeware)S 166 x(Software)SaEP PPe %%PageTrailer<%%%PageFonts: Helvetica-Bold 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x(directory)S -54 x(.)S 299 xlH(Either)S 191 x(the)S 190 x(\211le)S 192 x(has)S 190 x(a)S 191 x(wrong)SH10773 X 598 y(backlink,)S 168 x(or)S 166 x(the)S 166 x(directory)S 167 xH(\211le)S 166 x(has)S 166 x(the)S 166 x(directory)S 167 x(\211le)S 167 xE(attribute)S 165 x(not)S 167 x(set.)S 10773 X 896 y F153(User)S 162 xOE(Action:)S 251 x F151(Look)S 163 x(up)S 163 x(the)S 163 x(directory)SeF163 x(and)S 163 x(use)S 162 x(DFU)S 162 x(SET)S 163 x(to)S 162 x(set)SC162 x(the)S 163 x(directory)S 10773 X 598 y(bit.)S 259 x(If)S 170 xXD(the)S 171 x(directory)S 171 x(\211le)S 171 x(was)S 170 x(OK)S 170 xI(then)S 171 x(run)S 172 x(VERIFY)S -2 x(/FIX)S 171 x(to)S 171 x(recover)S(J172 x(the)S 171 x(lost)S 10773 X 598 y(\211le.)S 9578 22799 XY(LOSTHDR4,)SF165 x(not)S 166 x(found)S 167 x(in)S 166 x(a)S 166 x(directory)S -54 xI(,)S 10773 X 896 y F153(Severity:)S 251 x F151(W)S -47 x(ARNING)S 10773 X9D897 y F153(Explan)S 2 x(ation:)S 251 x F151(When)S 185 x(the)S 185 xH(/DIRECTOR)S -20 x(Y_SCAN)S 184 x(quali\211er)S 185 x(is)S 185 x(used,)SG190 x(DFU)S 10773 X 598 y(detects)S 179 x(\211les)S 180 x(which)S 180 x1J(have)S 181 x(a)S 179 x(valid)S 180 x(backlink)S 181 x2(but)S 180 x(which)SC180 x(are)S 180 x(not)S 180 x(seen)S 179 x(in)S 180 x(the)S 10773 XRE598 y(directory)S -54 x(.)S 249 x(This)S 166 x(can)S 167 x(be)S 166 x6F(repaired)S 166 x(with)S 166 x(/FIX.)S 10773 X 896 y F153(User)S 166 xE(Action:)S 250 x F151(Using)S 167 x(/FIX)S 166 x(will)S 165 x(enter)SSD167 x(these)S 166 x(\211les)S 166 x(in)S 166 x(the)S 166 x(correct)SH167 x(directory)S -55 x(.)S 9578 27780 XY(MUL)S -27 x(T)S -27 x(ALLOC,)SE165 x(blocks)S 167 x(multiple)S 165 x(allocated,)S 10773 X 897 y F153\C(Severity:)S 251 x F151(ERR)S -2 x(OR)S 10773 X 896 y F153(Explan)SE2 x(ation:)S 251 x F151(A)S 168 x(\211le)S 169 x(has)S 169 x(blocks)SD169 x(allocated)S 168 x(which)S 169 x(already)S 170 x(belong)S 169 xG(to)S 169 x(another)S 10773 X 598 y(\211le.)S 260 x(Note)S 170 x(that)S G171 x(VERIFY)S 169 x(will)S 170 x(make)S 171 x(a)S 171 x(second)S 171 xnF(pass)S 170 x(through)S 173 x(INDE)S -2 x(XF)S -55 x(.SYS)S 171 x(to)SD10773 X 598 y(report)S 176 x(all)S 175 x(the)S 175 x(\211les)S 175 xE(involv)S 2 x(ed.)S 268 x(This)S 175 x(is)S 175 x(a)S 175 x(serious)S D175 x(error)S -36 x(,)S 178 x(and)S 175 x(may)S 176 x(be)S 175 x(a)SF175 x(result)S 10773 X 598 y(of)S 175 x(a)S 175 x(disk)S 175 x(being)SH176 x(mounted)S 175 x(on)S 176 x(two)S 174 x(seperated)S 175 x(V)S -56 xF(AXClusters)S 174 x(\(or)S 175 x(a)S 175 x(partitioned)S 10773 X 597 yC(V)S -56 x(AXCluster\).)S 10773 X 897 y F153(User)S 178 x(Action:)S1G251 x F151(Copy)S 178 x(all)S 178 x(the)S 179 x(\211les)S 178 x(found)StE179 x(to)S 178 x(another)S 179 x(location.)S 275 x(Next)S 179 x(all)S L178 x(the)S 10773 X 598 y(\211les)S 172 x(must)S 171 x(be)S 172 x(deleted.)SD261 x(Run)S 172 x(VERIFY/RE)S -2 x(BUILD)S 171 x(to)S 172 x(repair)SD172 x(the)S 172 x(BITMAP)S -64 x(.)S 172 x(All)S 10773 X 598 y(the)SL173 x(af\212icted)S 174 x(\211les)S 173 x(must)S 172 x(be)S 174 x(manually)SF173 x(inspected)S 173 x(to)S 173 x(see)S 173 x(which)S 174 x(\211les)SG173 x(are)S 173 x(valid)S 10773 X 597 y(and)S 166 x(which)S 167 x(are)S /166 x(corrupted.)S 27150 36925 XY F36(14\2035)SIEP PP9 %%PageTrailer02%%PageFonts: Helvetica-Bold NewCenturySchlbk-Roman%%+ NewCenturySchlbk-Bold(%%PageProcessColors:%%PageCustomColors: (BLACK)u%g%%Page: (14-6) 628%%PageFonts: (atend)%%PageProcessColors: (atend)%%PageCustomColors: (atend)b PaperHeight PaperWidth PM 0 0 XYD0 SC 5094 1807 XY F28(VERIFY)S 9578 4866 XY F151(NOBI)S -2 x(TCLR,)SI167 x(Deleted)S 165 x(\211le)S 167 x(header)S 166 x(marked)S 167 x(BUSY)SiF-57 x(,)S 10773 X 897 y F153(Severity:)S 251 x F151(W)S -47 x(ARNING)SF10773 X 896 y F153(Explan)S 2 x(ation:)S 251 x F151(A)S 173 x(\211le)SD175 x(was)S 173 x(deleted.)S 265 x(The)S 175 x(corresponding)S 175 xC(bit)S 174 x(in)S 174 x(the)S 174 x(INDEXF)S 10773 X 598 y(bitmap)SiF166 x(should)S 166 x(be)S 166 x(cleared)S 166 x(but)S 166 x(is)S 166 xC(still)S 165 x(set.)S 249 x(This)S 166 x(is)S 166 x(not)S 166 x(a)S2G166 x(serious)S 166 x(error)S -36 x(.)S 10773 X 897 y F153(User)S 166 xeE(Action:)S 250 x F151(Run)S 167 x(VERI)S -2 x(FY/REBUILD)S 165 x(to)S E166 x(\211x)S 167 x(the)S 166 x(error)S -36 x(.)S 9578 9250 XY(NOBI)SSG-2 x(TSET)S -45 x(,)S 166 x(index)S 167 x(\211le)S 166 x(bitmap)S 166 xlD(bit)S 165 x(not)S 167 x(set,)S 10773 X 896 y F153(Severity:)S 251 xFF151(W)S -47 x(ARNING)S 10773 X 897 y F153(Explan)S 2 x(ation:)S 251 xFF151(A)S 182 x(valid)S 182 x(\211le)S 183 x(was)S 181 x(found,)S 187 xE(but)S 182 x(the)S 183 x(corresponding)S 183 x(index)S 183 x(\211le)SoE10773 X 598 y(bitmap)S 166 x(bit)S 165 x(is)S 166 x(clear)S -37 x(.)S(C250 x(This)S 166 x(is)S 165 x(not)S 167 x(a)S 166 x(serious)S 166 x)G(error)S -37 x(.)S 10773 X 896 y F153(User)S 166 x(Action:)S 250 x F1516D(Run)S 167 x(VERI)S -2 x(FY/REBUILD)S 165 x(to)S 166 x(\211x)S 167 xE(the)S 166 x(error)S -36 x(.)S 9578 13633 XY(NOOW)S -2 x(NER,)S 166 xxF(\211le)S 166 x(has)S 166 x(no)S 167 x(owner)S -37 x(,)S 10773 X 897 yJF153(Severity:)S 251 x F151(W)S -47 x(ARNING)S 10773 X 896 y F153(Explan)SD2 x(ation:)S 251 x F151(A)S 168 x(\211le)S 168 x(was)S 167 x(found)SC169 x(with)S 168 x(UIC)S 168 x([0,0])S 168 x(as)S 168 x(the)S 168 xoH(owner)S -37 x(.)S 254 x(This)S 169 x(is)S 167 x(not)S 169 x(a)S 10773 XK598 y(normal)S 166 x(situation.)S 10773 X 897 y F153(User)S 166 x(Action:)SYC250 x F151(Look)S 167 x(up)S 166 x(the)S 167 x(\211le)S 166 x(and)SSO166 x(modify)S 166 x(the)S 167 x(\211le)S 166 x(owner)S -37 x(.)S 9578 18017 XYyC(QUOT)S -28 x(AER)S -2 x(R,)S 167 x(UIC)S 165 x([x,y])S 167 x(has)SIC166 x(n)S 167 x(blocks)S 166 x(used,)S 166 x(QUOT)S -28 x(A)S 166 x9E(indicates)S 166 x(m)S 166 x(blocks,)S 10773 X 896 y F153(Severity:)S\F251 x F151(W)S -47 x(ARNING)S 10773 X 897 y F153(Explan)S 2 x(ation:)SD251 x F151(If)S 179 x(a)S 180 x(disk)S 180 x(has)S 180 x(diskquota)SF180 x(enabled,)S 184 x(VERIFY)S 179 x(calculates)S 180 x(the)S 10773 XE598 y(blocks)S 178 x(used)S 178 x(and)S 179 x(compares)S 178 x(them)S1C178 x(with)S 178 x(the)S 178 x(value)S 179 x(in)S 178 x(the)S 179 xeJ(QUOT)S -28 x(A.SYS)S 177 x(\211le.)S 10773 X 597 y(Any)S 172 x(mismatch)SH171 x(is)S 171 x(reported.)S 260 x(This)S 172 x(error)S 172 x(is)S 171 xD(often)S 171 x(seen)S 172 x(when)S 172 x(VERI)S -2 x(FY)S 172 x(is)SK171 x(run,)S 10773 X 598 y(and)S 179 x(there)S 180 x(is)S 179 x(concurren)SxD2 x(t)S 178 x(\211le)S 180 x(activity)S 180 x(on)S 179 x(the)S 179 xH(disk.)S 276 x(Also,)S 182 x(if)S 179 x(after)S 179 x(a)S 179 x(system)SI10773 X 598 y(crash)S 181 x(the)S 181 x(disk)S 180 x(is)S 180 x(mounted)SrM181 x(with)S 180 x(/NOREBUILD)S 179 x(such)S 181 x(Quota)S 180 x(mismatches)SsE10773 X 598 y(may)S 166 x(exist.)S 250 x(ReRun)S 166 x(VERIFY)S 165 xC(with)S 165 x(/LOCK)S 166 x(to)S 166 x(see)S 165 x(if)S 166 x(the)S C166 x(error)S 167 x(is)S 166 x(still)S 165 x(there.)S 10773 X 896 y1DF153(User)S 168 x(Action:)S 251 x F151(Run)S 168 x(VERIFY/REB)S -2 xE(UILD)S 168 x(to)S 168 x(rebuild)S 169 x(the)S 168 x(QUOT)S -28 x(A)S F168 x(\211le.)S 255 x(Or)S 168 x(run)S 10773 X 598 y(a)S 166 x(DISKQ)SD-2 x(UOT)S -27 x(A>)S 165 x(REBUILD)S 165 x(command.)S 9578 25389 XYF(SLFBAKFID)S -2 x(,)S 167 x(backlink)S 167 x(points)S 166 x(to)S 165 xG(itself,)S 10773 X 897 y F153(Severity:)S 251 x F151(W)S -47 x(ARNING)SxH10773 X 896 y F153(Explan)S 2 x(ation:)S 251 x F151(This)S 192 x(error)SD193 x(indicates)S 191 x(that)S 192 x(DFU)S 192 x(has)S 192 x(found)SK192 x(a)S 192 x(directory)S 10773 X 598 y(with)S 183 x(a)S 183 x(backlink)SxH184 x(pointing)S 184 x(to)S 184 x(itself.)S 283 x(This)S 183 x(feature)SG184 x(is)S 182 x(only)S 184 x(allowed)S 183 x(for)S 183 x(the)S 10773 XXG598 y(MFD)S 175 x(000000.DIR.)S 174 x(This)S 175 x(error)S 175 x(will)S(E174 x(result)S 174 x(in)S 175 x(ANAL)S -46 x(YZE/DISK)S 174 x(going)S G175 x(into)S 175 x(a)S 10773 X 598 y(COMputable)S 166 x(loop.)S 10773 XoC896 y F153(User)S 172 x(Action:)S 250 x F151(Run)S 173 x(VER)S -2 xSF(IFY/FIX)S 172 x(to)S 172 x(move)S 173 x(the)S 172 x(directory)S 172 xC(to)S 172 x(the)S 172 x([SYSLOST])S 10773 X 598 y(directory)S -54 xaD(.)S 309 x(Then)S 197 x(remove)S 196 x(the)S 196 x(directory)S 197 xG(entry)S 197 x(from)S 195 x(itself)S 195 x(with)S 196 x(a)S 196 x(SET)S H10773 X 598 y(FILE/REMOVE)S 175 x(command.)S 269 x(The)S 177 x(\211les)SH175 x(in)S 176 x(the)S 176 x(directory)S 177 x(should)S 176 x(be)S 176 x?(accesible)S 10773 X 598 y(again.)S 5094 36925 XY F36(14\2036)S EP PPo %%PageTrailer2%%PageFonts: Helvetica-Bold NewCenturySchlbk-Roman%%+ NewCenturySchlbk-Bold1%%PageProcessColors:%%PageCustomColors: (BLACK)S%0%%Page: (14-7) 63u%%PageFonts: (atend)%%PageProcessColors: (atend)%%PageCustomColors: (atend)t PaperHeight PaperWidth PM 0 0 XYJ0 SC 22166 1807 XY F24(VERIFY)S 279 x(command)S 26098 X 797 y F28(VERIFY)SC5094 4546 XY 23160 48 R 5094 5543 XY F20(VERIFY)S 10773 7037 XY F347M(VERIFY)S 167 x(a)S 166 x(device)S 166 x(for)S 166 x(disk)S 166 x(structure)StG167 x(errors.)S 5094 8233 XY 23160 204 R 5094 9251 XY F24(FORMA)S -53 x5K(T)S 10773 X -21 y(VERIFY)S 697 x F23(device[:])S 5094 10425 XY 23160 204 R H5094 11244 XY F24(P)S -51 x(ARA)S -2 x(METERS)S 849 x -22 y F25(device)SC10773 X 548 y F151(The)S 167 x(device)S 166 x(to)S 166 x(be)S 166 x G(veri\211ed.)S 5094 12966 XY 23160 204 R 5094 13785 XY F24(QUALIFIERS)S F10773 X -22 y F25(/APPEND=\211lename)S 10773 X 548 y F151(This)S 175 xF(quali\211er)S 175 x(redirects)S 174 x(the)S 175 x(output)S 175 x(to)SG174 x(be)S 175 x(appended)S 174 x(to)S 175 x(an)S 175 x(already)S 175 xtI(existing)S 10773 X 548 y(\211le.)S 294 x(If)S 188 x(the)S 189 x(output)SSG188 x(\211le)S 189 x(does)S 188 x(not)S 188 x(exists)S 188 x(it)S 188 xD(will)S 188 x(be)S 188 x(created.)S 294 x(Y)S -55 x(ou)S 188 x(can)SD189 x(use)S 10773 X 548 y(/APPEND)S 166 x(or)S 166 x(/OUTPUT)S 167 xC(but)S 166 x(not)S 166 x(both.)S 10773 16503 XY F25(/DIRECT)S -14 xxI(OR)S -13 x(Y_SCAN)S 10773 X 597 y F151(Performs)S 170 x(a)S 170 x(full)SE170 x(directory)S 170 x(scan.)S 257 x(This)S 170 x(may)S 170 x(take)SnK170 x(up)S 170 x(some)S 170 x(time,)S 171 x(but)S 169 x(it)S 170 x(allows)S7G10773 X 548 y(detection)S 166 x(of)S 166 x(mismatches)S 165 x(between)S)H166 x(the)S 167 x(directories)S 165 x(and)S 167 x(INDEX)S -2 x(F)S -55 xM(.SYS.)S 10773 18744 XY F25(/FIX)S 10773 X 797 y(/NOFIX)S 165 x(\(default\))S3G10773 X 598 y F151(Repair)S 172 x(errors)S 172 x(on)S 173 x(the)S 172 x(E(disk.)S 262 x(File)S 172 x(marked)S 173 x(for)S 172 x(delete)S 172 x(C(will)S 172 x(be)S 172 x(deleted)S 172 x(and)S 172 x(lost)S 10773 XtG548 y(\211les)S 166 x(and)S 166 x(directories)S 166 x(will)S 166 x(be)S F166 x(moved)S 166 x(to)S 166 x([SYSLOST].)S 10773 21783 XY F25(/LOCK)SF10773 X 797 y(/NOLOC)S -2 x(K)S 166 x(\(default\))S 10773 X 598 y F151Y(Locks)S 162 x(the)S 162 x(disk)S 162 x(for)S 162 x(\211le)S 162 x(allocation/deletion.)SxF250 x(This)S 162 x(gives)S 162 x(a)S 162 x(consistent)S 161 x(report)SG162 x(for)S 10773 X 548 y(the)S 169 x(disk,)S 170 x(but)S 169 x(other)S D169 x(users)S 168 x(may)S 170 x(experience)S 170 x(a)S 168 x(delay)SF169 x(when)S 169 x(accessing)S 170 x(the)S 169 x(disk.)S 10773 X 548 yD(The)S 167 x(device)S 166 x(will)S 166 x(be)S 166 x(unlocked)S 167 xH(a)S 166 x(the)S 166 x(end)S 167 x(of)S 166 x(the)S 166 x(VERIFY)S 165 xF(command.)S 10773 25369 XY F25(/OUTPUT=\211lename)S 10773 X 598 y F151H(This)S 192 x(quali\211er)S 192 x(redirects)S 191 x(the)S 192 x(output)SE192 x(to)S 191 x(a)S 191 x(\211le.)S 301 x(The)S 192 x(output)S 192 xiE(will)S 191 x(also)S 191 x(go)S 10773 X 548 y(to)S 188 x(SYS$OUTPUT)S1C-46 x(.)S 189 x(CAUTION:)S 188 x(if)S 188 x(you)S 189 x(use)S 188 x L(/LOCK)S 188 x(in)S 189 x(combination)S 189 x(with)S 10773 X 548 y(/OUTPUT)SF174 x(be)S 172 x(careful)S 174 x(to)S 172 x(specify)S 173 x(an)S 173 xC(output\211le)S 174 x(on)S 173 x(ANOTHER)S 172 x(disk,)S 174 x(or)SxD173 x(DFU)S 10773 X 548 y(will)S 165 x(\211nish)S 167 x(with)S 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      DFU I2.6

      
      3Previous3 | Contents
      

      


      '

      DELETE

      

      Deletes files or directories.
      
      

      Format

      /

      DELETE device[:] or directory-file(s)

      
      

      PARAMETERS

      

      device

      ?The device on which to perform the DELETE/FILE=file-id command.

      directory-file(s)

      ?The filespecification of the directory on which to perform the HDELETE/DIRECTORY command. Wildcard file specifications may be used. DFU Fwill automatically add .DIR to the filespecification if a filetype is not provided.
      
      

      QUALIFIERS

      

      /DIRECTORY

      HSpecify the directory file which must be deleted. Wildcards may be used Gbut must be used very carefully. Make sure that the directory does not Fcontain non-empty subdirectories. Note that the directory file itself 9will also be deleted, unless the /KEEP qualifier is used.

      Example:

      $ DIR EXAMPLE  Directory MYDISK:[RUBBISH]  EXAMPLE.DIR;1  $ DFU %DFU> DELETE/DIRECTORY EXAMPLE.DIR  :%DFU-I-CLEANUP, Deleting MYDISK:[RUBBISH]EXAMPLE.DIR;1... *%DFU-S-DELETED, File DBGINI.COM;3 deleted (%DFU-S-DELETED, File ICON.COM;1 deleted *%DFU-S-DELETED, File I_FOOL.COM;1 deleted -%DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGICALS.COM;51 deleted *%DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGIN.COM;79 deleted *%DFU-S-DELETED, File LOGOUT.COM;4 deleted 1%DFU-S-DELETED, File NOTE_COMPRESS.COM;3 deleted *%DFU-S-DELETED, File SHOWCL.COM;3 deleted ,%DFU-S-DELETED, File SYMBOLS.COM;89 deleted ,%DFU-S-DELETED, File TPUBUILD.COM;5 deleted !%DFU-S-TOTAL, 11 file(s) deleted +%DFU-S-DELETED, File EXAMPLE.DIR;1 deleted 
      

      

      /FILE=file-id

      CSpecify a complete file-id (num,seq,rvn) of the file which must be Cdeleted. This qualifier allows the deletion of lost files or files marked for delete. Example :
      $ DFU DFU> VERIFY MYDISK:  ,%DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK &%DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning INDEXF.SYS... I%DFU-E-INVBAKFID, file (86,17915,1) 0004CF04$BFS.;1 has invalid backlink K%DFU-W-DELETED, file (537,2878,1) APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1 marked for delete  .  .  .  (DFU> DELETE MYDISK/FILE=(86,17915,1) -%DFU-S-DELETED, File 0004CF04$BFS.;1 deleted  (DFU> DELETE MYDISK/FILE=(537,2878,1) 4%DFU-S-DELETED, File APPL_UTRYIT_BOOK.TMP;1 deleted  
      

      

      /KEEP

      EPreserve the directory tree; only delete the contents. /KEEP is only Dvalid with the /DIRECTORY qualifier. /KEEP works for DELETE/DIR and DELETE/DIR/TREE.

      /NOLOG

      ADo not log succesfull deletes to SYS$OUTPUT. /LOG is the default.

      /NOREMOVE

      HCan only be used with /FILE. Default DELETE/FILE will try to remove the Hfile from the parent directory. If the file's backlink no longer points @to a valid directory this will generate an error. The /NOREMOVE Equalifier overrules this behaviour allowing such files to be deleted.

      /STATISTICS

      FThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.

      /TREE

      ECan only be used with /DIRECTORY. The delete command will delete all Hsubdirectories within the directory file specified. DFU will first sort Bout the subdirectory tree and than delete the files in the proper Border. Thus a complete directory tree is deleted with one command.
      

      


      7

      Chapter 8
      DIRECTORY

      

      >This chapter describes the DIRECTORY command with the related parameters and qualifiers.3

      8.1 Introduction

      

      FThe DIRECTORY command offers 7 major functions. 3 functions deal with >all directories on a disk, the other 4 functions are used for Fmanipulating individual directories. These functions are activated by special qualifiers:

        &
      • Individual directory functions :
          I
        1. /COMPRESS : Rebuild one or more directory files. Directories are I alphabetically sorted lists of filenames and file id's. Because file K names are randomly inserted and deleted, holes will occur in directory J files. Such holes will only be reused if a file can be alphabetically K fitted into it. As a result directory files will grow. Especially MAIL I subdirectories suffer from this behaviour.
          To make matters worse J directory files above 127 blocks will no longer be cached by the file L system. This will degrade performance on such directories dramatically. H The COMPRESS function will rebuild the complete directory file. The E /TEST qualifier can be used to preview the results of a possible  COMPRESS command.L
        2. /CREATE/ALLOCATE=n : Create a directory with a preallocated size of F 'n' blocks. Note that 'n' will be rounded up to a multiple of the K disk's cluster size. (This feature is also available on VMS 7.1/2 with ( the DCL command CREATE/DIR/ALLOC=n).L
        3. /DUMP : Make a dump of the directory blocks and formats the output. L This option is useful for debugging directory files which are suspected @ or corrupted. This function is equivalent to the previously H undocumented VMS command DUMP/DIRECTORY, although the layout of the  output is different.K
        4. /RECOVER : Completely rebuild a directory. This option should only L be used to recover corrupted directories. During the recovery procedure L the directory will be inaccesible for some time. Therefore this command K should NEVER be used on critical system directories. (DFU refuses this D command on directory names containing the string 'SYS' to avoid  accidental usage).
        
        %
      • Disk-wide directory functions :
          I
        1. /ALIAS : Scan all directories on the disk for alias file entries.4
        2. /EMPTY : Scan the disk for empty directoriesK
        3. /VERSION=n : Scan all directories on the disk for files which have  at least 'n' versions.
        
        

        CThe diskwide function qualifiers can be used in one command; other Dcombinations of qualifiers are not possible. Note that the diskwide Cdirectory functions can take several minutes to complete because a Fcomplete directory scan uses a lot of disk I/O (approximately 2 I/O's per directory).

        EAn indirect command file containing a list of files can be used as a Gparameter to /COMPRESS or /DUMP. Such a list can be generated with the SEARCH command. Example:

        3DFU> SEARCH disk/FILE=*.DIR/SIZE=MIN=50/OUT=x.x  DFU> DIRECTORY/COMPRESS @x.x 
        

        ?Caution: Care should be taken when compressing critical system Hdirectories. To be safe you should first use the /TEST qualifier before >compressing the directory. Another problem may be caused by a Dsystemcrash just when DFU is rewriting the new compressed directory A(although the chance that this happens is very small). When this Ghappens you can recover the files by executing the following procedure:

          5
        1. Do a $SET FILE/NODIR of the corrupted directory/
        2. Delete the directory and create a new oneG
        3. Do a $ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR ; this will move all the lost files to [SYSLOST].C
        4. Move the files from [SYSLOST] to the newly created directory.
        

        J

        8.2 Discussion of directory compression

        BThe DIRECTORY/COMPRESS function will improve performance on large >directories. There are some options which can further enhance performance :
          I
        • /TRUNCATE: When a directory is compressed , the free space will be I at the end of the directory. Therefore , if new files are added VMS is D capable of using this space, and avoid a directory entension. The I /TRUNCATE qualifier overrules this behaviour by immediately truncating " the free space back to the disk.H
        • /FILL_FACTOR: Normally DFU tries to compress as much as possible. I However, it may be better to deliberately create extra free space into B each directory block. This can be done using the /FILL_FACTOR=n H qualifier. Eg: a fill factor of 50% will result in approximately half G of each block being free. Note that a fill_factor lower tha 100% may H result in an error DFU-E_EXTERR; in that case a higher factor must be choosen.
        

        >So, what strategy should be used when compressing directories?

          7
        1. Inactive directories : use DIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE.C
        2. Not very active directories : use DIR/COMPRESS (/TRUNCATE=n).?
        3. Active directories, files added at the end (such as MAIL 3 directories) : use DIR/COMPRESS without /TRUNCATEI
        4. Active directories, files added in random alphabetical order : use 2 DIR/COMPRESS/FILL_FACTOR=n, n between 50 and 75.
        

        8

        8.3 Output formatting

        FThe qualifier /FORMAT can be used with DIRECTORY/VERSION. This allows Gthe build up of a command procedure directly from the output generated Dby the DIR/VERSION command. /FORMAT has the following restrictions :
          H
        1. /FORMAT is only valid with the /VERSION and the /OUTPUT qualifier.@
        2. The format string used must contain the !AS directive (in D uppercase). The file found will be substituted at the !AS location
        

        Example:

        IDFU> DIR/VERSION=4/OUTPUT=PURGE.COM/FORMAT="$PURGE/KEEP=3 !AS" mydisk 
        

        


        *

        DIRECTORY

        

        Performs directory functions.
        
        

        Format

        2

        DIRECTORY device[:] or directory-file(s)

        
        

        PARAMETERS

        

        device

        GThe device on which to perform one of the diskwide directory functions.

        directory-files(s)

        @The file specification of the directory on which to perform the >/CREATE, /COMPRESS, /DUMP or /RECOVER function. Wildcard file Cspecifications may be used. DFU will automatically add .DIR to the 0filespecification if a filetype is not provided.
        
        

        QUALIFIERS

        

        /ALIAS

        HThe /ALIAS qualifier directs DFU to scan all directories for alias file Fentries on a disk. Normally only the system disk should contain alias Afiles. This qualifier can be combined with /VERSION=n and /EMPTY.

        /ALLOCATE=n

        DUsed in combination with /CREATE. Creates the new directory with an allocated size of 'n' blocks.

        /COMPRESS

        GPerforms the directory compression unless /TEST is also specified. The =output will show the results in terms of file sizes. Example:
        #DFU> DIR/COMP OWN$:[000000]MAIL  L%DFU-S-DONE, OWN$:[000000]MAIL.DIR;1: 31 files; was : 4/9, now : 3/3 blocks  DFU> 
        

        

        /CREATE

        DCreate a new, empty directory. The allocated size will be 1 cluster unless /ALLOCATE is specified.

        /DEVICE

        FThe device on which the files reside. The device name is added to the Gfile name. If you generate a file list with the DFU SEARCH command you @don't need this qualifier. However you may have a list of files Fproduced from another source and thus need to append a device name to Eit. This qualifier can only be used in combination with /COMPRESS or /DUMP.

        /DUMP

        DProduce a block level dump of a directory. /DUMP will interpret the Ddirectory entries found in each block. A directory entry contains a Csize, version-limit, type and name field. Next the directory entry Econtains a list of versions and file ID's for this entry. /DUMP will @produce a rather low level output of this information. Example :
        DFU> DIR/DUMP C.DIR  DUMP of directory block 1 :Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(10): CHKDSK.EXE #   Version: 3, FID : (1027,1456,0) =Size: 26, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(13): CHKDSK.README $   Version: 2, FID : (33892,1171,0) $   Version: 3, FID : (1256,11234,0) :Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(10): CHKDSK.SAV #   Version: 2, FID : (13947,100,0) ;Size: 24, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(11): CHKDSK.SAVE $   Version: 1, FID : (12531,2114,0) >Size: 26, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(14): CHKDSK_LNK.COM "   Version: 2, FID : (12314,72,0) 4Size: 18, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(5): C_D.C "   Version: 3, FID : (32650,32,0) 6Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D.EXE !   Version: 9, FID : (2675,64,0) 6Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D.OBJ "   Version: 4, FID : (9835,117,0) 6Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D_2.C #   Version: 15, FID : (12428,84,0) 8Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_2.OBJ "   Version: 9, FID : (8439,119,0) 8Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_3.CLD "   Version: 3, FID : (9777,178,0) 8Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_3.OBJ "   Version: 2, FID : (9737,161,0) 6Size: 20, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(7): C_D_4.C $   Version: 3, FID : (10594,1580,0) 8Size: 22, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(9): C_D_4.OBJ #   Version: 2, FID : (10177,109,0)  DUMP of directory block 2 4Size: 18, Version limit: 3, Type: 0, Name(5): DFU.C $   Version: 169, FID : (31123,52,0)   .  .  . =%DFU-I-TOTAL, OWN$:[SOURCES.FORTRAN.DFUSRC]C.DIR;1: 42 files  
        

        

        /EMPTY

        DThe /EMPTY qualifier will produce a list of empty directories. This 5qualifier can be combined with /ALIAS and /VERSION=n.

        /FILL_FACTOR=n

        CSpecifies ,in percentage, the filling of directory blocks during a E/COMPRESS operation. Fill factor may be between 50 and 100. Omitting Fthis qualifier is the same as /FILL_FACTOR=100 (maximum compression). FIf the directory has not enough allocated space a low fill factor may >result in failure of the Compress operation. DFU will issue a @DFU-E-EXTERR error, and the directory file will not be modified.

        /FORMAT=format-string

        FCreate an output file in a format described by the format string. The Gstring must contain the !AS directive (this must be uppercase). At the C!AS location the resultant filename will be filled in. The /OUTPUT qualifier is required.

        /OUTPUT=filename

        GThis qualifier redirects the output to a file. The output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT.

        /RECOVER

        GThis qualifier rebuilds a corrupted directory. Do not use this command "on critical or active directories.

        /STATISTICS

        FThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.

        /TEST

        HThe /TEST can only be used in conjunction with /COMPRESS. The qualifier Awill show the results of the /COMPRESS but will not compress the directory file.

        /TRUNCATE=blocksize

        ?During a compress operation truncate the directory back to the Eblocksize specified. If blocksize is not specified, the file will be Gtruncated back to the end-of-file block number. Truncation will always Fbe rounded up to the next highest multiple of the disk's cluster size.

        /VERSION=n

        BThe /VERSION qualifier directs DFU to scan all directories on the Ddevice to produce a list of files which have at least 'n' versions. 6This qualifier can be combined with /A>LIAS and /EMPTY.
        

        


        4

        Chapter 9
        REPORT

        

        FThis chapter describes the REPORT command with the related parameters and qualifiers.2

        9.1 Description

        

        DThe REPORT command function generates a report of the file and free Fspace fragmentation of the disk. Also a graph may be generated by the F/GRAPH qualifier; this visualises the free space distribution on your Hdisk. The /USAGE qualifier will generate a diskspace usage report. This =is especially useful if DISKQUOTA is not enabled on the disk.

        EThe default report contains information of the Volume, files and the Cbitmap. This output can be suppressed by the /NOVOLUME, NOFILE and >NOBITMAP qualifiers. Also the /USAGE qualifier can be used by Adisplaying information of a specific UIC or Identifier simply by ;specifying /USAGE=<uic> or /USAGE=<identifier>.8

        9.2 Syntax and Output

        

        $The syntax of the report command is:

        !DFU> REPORT device/QUALIFIERS 
        

        :Below follows an example and output of the report command:

         "DFU> REPORT USER3:/GRAPH/USAGE  0%DFU-I-REPORT, Reporting on USER3: ($1$DUA102:)  7  ***** Volume info for USER3: (from HOME block) ***** 1 Volume name                      :  USER3       1 Volume owner                     :  SYSTEM      . Volume set name                  :           - Highwater mark. / Erase on del.  :  No / No 1 Structure name                   :              ' Clustersize                      :  3 , Maximum # files                  :  367618 ) First header VBN                 :  103 / Header count                     :  51547 (1) / Free headers                     :  10951 (2)   0  ***** File statistics (from INDEXF.SYS) ***** > INDEXF.SYS fragments /map_in_use :  21 / 61 (39% used)   (3) / Total files (ODS2 / ODS5)        :  40595 / 0 ' Files with extension headers     :  0 > Files marked for delete          :  19 , size : 25/63 blocks * Directory files                  :  1957 ) Empty files                      :  177 + Files with allocation            :  40418 / Contiguous files                 :  40326 (4) 6 Total size used /allocated       :  2492431 /2533209 + Total fragments                  :  40770 0 Average fragments per file       :  1.009  (5) ; File fragmentation index         :  0.692 (excellent) (6) ( Average size per fragment        :  62 $ Most fragmented file             : B    $1$DUA102:[LARGEUSER]A.DAT;1 ( 180/630 blocks; 30  fragments)   6  ***** Free space statistics (from BITMAP.SYS) ***** - Total blocks on disk             :  2940951 , Total free blocks                :  407742 ( Percentage free (rounded)        :  13 ) Total free extents               :  260 F Largest free extent              :  42912 blocks at LBN: 2463597 (7) * Average extent size (rounded)    :  1568 = Free space fragmentation index   :  0.191 (excellent) (6)      N     LBN   +------------------------------------------------------------+   % Q        0->|***....***********.************.******...*********..********|  6% Q   208360->|************************************************************| 13% Q   416721->|************************************************************| 20% Q   625081->|******************************************************.*****| 26% Q   833442->|*******..*********************************..****************| 33% Q  1041802->|******.**.*********...********.*****.*******...*.**..*.***..| 40% Q  1250163->|.*..*****************....*.....**.*. ..*****.***..****.  ..*| 46% Q  1458523->|**********. .*******************************************.**.| 53% Q  1666884->|.**...  ....... .*******...**********.*..***********..******| 60% Q  1875244->|***..  ....*...**********.   ..*********.    .**************| 66% Q  2083605->|*********************************.*****..   .****... . .... | 73% Q  2291965->| ..*******....  ......**************************************| 80% Q  2500326->|****..*****.*****.**.      .********...*.*****..*******.*..*| 86% Q  2708686->|.*******..*******.***..*.****************.*. .*...**********| 93% Q  2917047->|..**.    .*********************.******..  .*******.         |100% J           +------------------------------------------------------------+ T * : Fully allocated, . : Partial allocated, <space> : Free, 3472 blocks each  6 Free space distribution, each * =  2100  free blocks   ?  ***** Disk Usage Table (from INDEXF.SYS and QUOTA.SYS) ***** K Identifier/UIC                 Used/Allocated   Headers   Quota Used/Perm K ------------------------------------------------------------------------- K [SSG,MRX]                       42079/46356      2259      48615/60000    K [SSG,TESTJE]                   189306/254742     4935     259677/300000   K [SSG,LARGEUSER]                 47961/50238      1648      51886/65000    K [SYSTEM]                       499554/505626     4954     510580/2000000   .  .  .  
        

        .The various items have the following meaning :

          I
        1. The header count is calculated based on the size of INDEXF.SYS. If 8 more headers are needed INDEXF.SYS has to be extended.F
        2. The free headers gives the number of free entries in INDEXF.SYS  before it has to extend.F
        3. The INDEXF.SYS number of fragments and mapwords in use are very I important figures to determine if the INDEXF.SYS file can be extended. G The theoretical maximum number of mapwords is 155. This value may be F less if there are ACL's on INDEXF.SYS. Each fragment, and therefore G each retrieval pointer must be in the mapword area. As the size of a F retrieval pointer depends on the physical size of a disk, it is not F easy to say how many fragments INDEXF.SYS can store in the mapwords J area. If the mapword area is full the INDEXF file can no longer extend, C and creating new files may result in a SYSTEM-W-HEADERFULL error.H
        4. Files which have exactly 1 retrieval pointer are considered to be F contiguous. This doesn't mean that the CONTIGUOUS bit is set in the  file header.J
        5. The average fragments per file give some indication about the total  file fragmentation.J
        6. The file and free space fragmentation index classifies your disk as follows :
            
          • 0-1 : Excellent
          • 1-2 : Good
          • 2-3 : Fair
          • 3-4 : Poor
          • >4 : Bad
          J
          If your index is greater than 3 you should consider defragmenting J the disk using Digitals DFO software, by performing an Image BACKUP / = Restore, or of course by using DFU's DEFRAG/DISK command.E
        7. The largest free extent is a useful figure for defragmentation G purposes. You cannot defragment a file when its size is greater than this value.
      

      CWhen using /GRAPH the disk's free space distribution is shown as a Hbitmap image. Each position in the graph represents a certain number of Eblocks (in the example above 3472 blocks). This bitmap image gives a ?quick impression about the free space distribution on the disk.

      HIf you use the /USAGE qualifier a sorted usage table will be added. Per CIdentifier / UIC the blocks used/allocated, and the number of file Bheaders are shown. If Diskquota is enabled a third column will be Fincluded which shows the blocks used/permitted allowing to QUOTA.SYS. 2Normally quota should satisfy the following rule :

      3 Quota used = blocks allocated + # of file headers 
      

      


      '

      REPORT

      

      5Create a file and free space report of a disk device.
      
      

      Format

      

      REPORT device[:]

      
      

      PARAMETERS

      

      device[:]

      ADevice to be reported. You may also specify a logical devicename.
      
      

      QUALIFIERS

      

      /APPEND=filename

      AThis qualifier redirects the output to be appended to an already Fexisting file. If the output file does not exists it will be created. ,You can use /APPEND or /OUTPUT but not both.

      /GRAPH

      GThis qualifier generates a graph table which visualizes the free space 2distribution on the disk. /NOGRAPH is the default.

      /NOBITMAP

      FThe /NOBITMAP qualifier suppresses the "Free space statistics" output.

      /NOFILE

      >The /NOFILE qualifier suppressed the "File Statistics" output.

      /NOVOLUME

      <The /NOVOLUME qualifier suppresses the "Volume info" output.

      /OUTPUT=filename

      GThis qualifier redirects the output to a file. The output will also go to SYS$OUTPUT.

      /STATISTICS

      FThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.#

      /USAGE(=uic or identifier)

      EThe /USAGE qualifier will generate a diskspace usage report based on @Identifiers/UIC. If diskquota is enabled on the disk the blocks Hused/permitted allowing to QUOTA.SYS will also be shown. /USAGE is very @useful when diskquota is not enabled on the disk. When a UIC or Hidentifier is specified only the information for this UIC or identifier will be displayed.
      

      


      6

      Chapter 10
      SEARCH

      

      FThis chapter describes the SEARCH command with the related parameters and qualifiers.5

      10.1 Introduction

      

      FThe search function allows very quick disk-wide searches for specific Bfiles. You can use almost any possible file attribute as a search qualifier.:

      10.2 Syntax and Output

      

      !The command syntax for SEARCH is:

      !DFU> SEARCH device/qualifiers 
      

      GThe output is displayed on your terminal. You can also sort the output Cwith the /SORT qualifier. The output is shown in 2 or 3 columns eg:

      (DFU> SEARCH MYDISK/FILE=X.X/FRAGMENT  .  . @$1$DUA102:[USER.COMMAND]X.X;1             1/3               1/1  .  . 
      

      HThe first column shows the full file name . The device name is included <in the file name. The second columns shows the file size as Cactual/allocated size. The 3rd column is optional and will only be Cshown when the /FRAGMENT qualifier is used. It shows the number of 'fileheaders / number of file fragments.>

      10.3 Volume Set processing

      

      FSEARCH checks if the device to-be-searched is member of a volume set. @If so, the complete volume set will be processed, starting with HRelative Volume Number 1 up to the last member in set. You can override ,this behaviour with the /NOVOLSET qualifier.:

      10.4 Output formatting

      

      HThe qualifier /FORMAT can be used with SEARCH. This allows the build up Hof a command procedure directly from the output generated by the SEARCH 1command. /FORMAT has the following restrictions :

        G
      1. /FORMAT is only valid with the /OUTPUT qualifier, and can not be 7 used together with the /FULL or the /SORT qualifiers.@
      2. The format string used must contain the !AS directive (in D uppercase). The file found will be substituted at the !AS location
      

      Example:

      HDFU> SEARCH/OUTP=DEL.COM/FORMAT="$DELETE/CONF !AS"/FILE=*.LOG mydisk 
      

      F

      10.5 UIC and identifier processing

      @Version V2.4 introduced an improved handling of UIC's. Previous Gversions of DFU only accepted a numeric UIC in the /OWNER qaulifier or Fan identifier in the /IDENT qualifier. V2.4 and later now accepts all Cvalid UIC and identifier formats (numeric and alphanumeric) in the A/OWNER and /IDENT qualifiers. Technically there is no longer any Fdifference between these two qualifiers, but they will be left in for compatibility reasons.
      '

      SEARCH

      

      $Fast file search through INDEXF.SYS.
      
      

      Format

      

      SEARCH device[:]

      
      

      PARAMETERS

      

      device[:]

      ADevice to be searched. You may also specify a logical devicename.
      
      

      DESCRIPTION

      EThe SEARCH command is used for quick disk-wide searches for specific Ffiles. The qualifiers describe the file attributes used as the search Hcriteria. You can combine almost all of the possible qualifiers, unless otherwise specified. Eg.:
      CDFU> SEARCH DISK1/SIZE=MIN=10/OWN=[1,4]/CREATED=SINCE=YESTERDAY 
      

      Gis a valid command. Note that qualifiers will be used in a logical AND @manner, that is, SEARCH will only display files which match all !qualifiers and options specified.

      
      

      QUALIFIERS

      /ACCESS=option(,option)

      FThe /ACCESS qualifier is used to search files depending on their last 6ACCESS date (VMS 7.2 only). The possible options are :
        
      • /ACCESS=BEFORE=date
      • /ACCESS=SINCE=date
      • /ACCESS=NONE
      

      

      /ACE=identifier

      GSearch for files which have an ACE containing the specific identifier. EOnly ACE's of the format "IDENTIFIER=<identifier>,..." will be searched.

      /ALLOCATED

      HDefault, SEARCH will use the actual file size. The /ALLOCATED qualifier Dforces SEARCH to use the allocated filesize. This qualifier is only )meaningfull if you combine it with /SIZE.

      /APPEND=filename

      AThis qualifier redirects the output to be appended to an already Fexisting file. If the output file does not exists it will be created. ,You can use /APPEND or /OUTPUT but not both.#

      /ATTRIBUTE=option(,option)

      DThe /ATTRIBUTE qualifier is used to search files depending on their Elast attribute change date (VMS 7.2 only). The possible options are :
        
      • /ATTRIBUTE=BEFORE=date
      • /ATTRIBUTE=SINCE=date
      • /ATTRIBUTE=NONE
      

      /BACKUP=option(,option)

      HThe /BACKUP qualifier is used to search files depending on their backup date. The possible options are :
        
      • /BACKUP=BEFORE=date
      • /BACKUP=SINCE=date
      • /BACKUP=NONE
      

      HThe NONE option gives files which don't have a backup date recorded.The Bother 2 options can be used to get files which have a backup date Dbefore or after a specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command.!

      /BAKFID=backlink-file-id

      HYou can use this qualifier to look for a file with a specific backlink. FOnly the first part of the file id must be specified, that is, if the Dfile id is (x,y,z) you must specify 'x' as the file id. You can use Bthis qualifier to get files from a specific directory. If you use A/BAKFID=0 you will get files not belonging to a directory (often temporary files).)

      /CHARACTERISTIC=(char1,char2...)

      7This qualifier is used to get files with specific file Bcharacteristics.The characteristics can have the following values:
        !
      • Directory : directory files&
      • Nobackup : files marked nobackup-
      • Contiguous : files marked as contiguous(
      • Erase : erase file before deletion
      • Spool : spool files;
      • Badblock : files which contain suspected bad block(s))
      • Badacl : files with a corrupted ACL0
      • Besttry : files marked contiguous-best-try-
      • Scratch : files marked as scratch files0
      • Nocharge : files not charged against quota"
      • Nomove : files marked NoMove3
      • Locked : files with the deaccess lock bit set(
      • Marked : files marked for deletion2
      • Noshelvable : files which can not be shelved)
      • Isshelved : files which are shelved
       

      


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      GThe several characteristics can be combined in one command.If you want Fa logical OR behaviour in stead of the default AND behaviour, you can #use the special option MATCH=OR eg:

      )  SEARCH disk/CHAR=(NOMOVE,DIR,MATCH=OR) 
      

      !

      /CREATED=option(,option)

      BThe /CREATED qualifier is used to search files depending on their creation date. The options are :
        
      • /CREATED=BEFORE=date
      • /CREATED=SINCE=date
      

      DThese 2 options can be used to get files which have a creation date Dbefore or after a specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command."

      /EXCLUDE=(file1,file2...)

      EThis qualifier is used to exclude files from the search. You can use ;wildcard filenames ; you can also specifiy a list of files.!

      /EXPIRED=option(,option)

      BThe /EXPIRED qualifier is used to search files depending on their "expiration date. The options are :
        
      • /EXPIRED=BEFORE=date
      • /EXPIRED=SINCE=date
      • /EXPIRED=NONE
      

      ?The NONE option gives files which don't have a expiration date Crecorded.The other 2 options can be used to get files which have a Fexpiration date before or after a specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE &option can be combined in one command.

      /FID=file-id

      FThe /FID qualifier is a special function of SEARCH. It directs SEARCH Hto go directly to the specified file without processing the rest of the CIndex file. Therefore, you cannot combine this qualifierwith other Gsearch qualifiers such as /FILE. Normally a file-id consists is in the Hform (x,y,z) where x is the number of the file header within INDEXF.SYS Hy is the sequence number, and z is the Relative Volume Number. You only 3need to specifiy the x value in the /FID qualifier.

      /FILE=(file1,file2...)

      @This qualifier is used to search for files with a specific file Ename.You can use wildcard file names; also you can specify a list of files.

      /FORMAT=format-string

      FCreate an output file in a format described by the format string. The Gstring must contain the !AS directive (this must be uppercase). At the C!AS location the resultant filename will be filled in. The /OUTPUT qualifier is required.*

      /FRAGMENT=(MINIMUM=nr,MAXIMUM=nr)

      DThis qualifier displays the number of fragments and file headers of Deach file found. You can further limit the files found by using the *MINIMUM and MAXIMUM= options. For example:
      DFU> disk/FRAG DFU> disk/FRAG=min=10 #DFU> disk/FRAG=(min=10,max=100) 
      

      

      /FULL

      HIf you use this qualifier, SEARCH will give a full output for each file Ffound. This output is a look-alike of the output from DIRECTORY/FULL. 9You cannot combine this qualifier with /SORT or /SUMMARY.

      /HOME

      BThis qualifier directs search to give output from the disk's home Dblock. SEARCH uses the home block for calculating the free and used file headers within INDEXF.SYS.%

      /(NO)IDENT=identifier or uic

      DYou can search for files owned by a specific identifier or UIC. Any ?valid UIC or identifier format may be used. Another way is the C/OWNER_UIC qualifier; you cannot combine these 2 qualifiers in one FSEARCH command. Issueing /NOIDENT directs DFU to search for files NOT -owned by this IDENTIFIER, eg: DFU> SEARCH sys$sysdevice/NOIDENT=SYSTEM."

      /LBN=logical-block-number

      GThe /LBN qualifier is a special function of SEARCH. This allows you to Efind a file which contains a specific LBN. This may be useful if you Fhave bad blocks logged in the error log. You cannot combine /LBN with search qualifiers such as /FILE.'

      /LIMIT=(MINIMUM=n,MAXAXIMUM=m)

      FSearches DIRECTORY files which have a default version limit between n Aand m (including n and m). Either MINIMUM or MAXIMUM is required.)

      /(NO)OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier

      ?This qualifier is used to get files owned by a specific UIC or Gidentifier. Any valid UIC or identifier format may be used. You cannot Gcombine this qualifier with /IDENT. Specifying /NOOWNER directs DFU to 5search for files NOT owned by this UIC or identifier."

      /MODIFIED=option(,option)

      CThe /MODIFIED qualifier is used to search files depending on their $modification date. The options are :
        
      • /MODIFIED=BEFORE=date
      • /MODIFIED=SINCE=date
      

      HThese 2 options can be used to get files which have a modification date Dbefore or after a specific date. The BEFORE and SINCE option can be combined in one command.

      /MULTIPLE

      EThis qualifier searches for files which have more than 1 file header.

      /NOSEARCH

      FThis qualifier can only be used in combination with /HOME. It is used =to get the Homeblock info, without searching the entire disk.

      /NOVOLSET

      HThe default behaviour of SEARCH is to process an entire volume set. You Dcan override this behaviour with /NOVOLSET. This may be useful when doing a /LBN search.

      /OUTPUT=file

      GThis qualifier redirects the output from SEARCH to an output file.This Hfile can later be used as input to the DEFRAG, DIRECTORY or SET command.

      /OVER_ALLOCATED=n

      GSearches for files where the difference between the used and allocated size is at least 'n' blocks.

      /PLACED

      GChecks for files which have a placement control retrieval pointer.This :is sometimes set by non-DEC disk defragmentation programs.,

      /SIZE=(minimum=size1,maximum=size2)

      HThe /SIZE qualifier is used to limit files found by their file size.You Bcan either use minimum= or maximum= or use both options together. FSEARCH will use the actual file size for selecting files, except when !the /ALLOCATED qualifier is used.

      /SORT

      FThis qualifier will sort the files found before being output. You can ?combine this with the /OUTPUT qualifier (the default output is SYS$OUTPUT).

      /STATISTICS

      FThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.

      /SUMMARY

      BThis qualifier will limit the output to the total number of files Efound, with their size (and optional the fragmentation when /FRAG is .used). You cannot combine /SUMMARY with /FULL.

      /TYPE=option

      CThe /TYPE qualifier has 2 options : /TYPE=ODS2 or /TYPE=ODS5. This Hqualifier can be used to search for files with either a ODS2 or an ODS5 Dfile header. This qualifier is only usefull on ODS5 disk (VMS V7.2)..

      /VERSION_NUMBER=(minimum=n,maximum=m)

      FThe /VERSION_NUMBER qualifier is used search for files within a range E(n thru m) of file version numbers. Logfiles which are produced with Dthe same name may pose problems when they reach the maximum version Enumber (32767). Using /VERSION=MIN=32000 is a quick way to find such files.
      

      


      3

      Chapter 11
      SET

      

      GThis chapter describes the SET command with the related parameters and qualifiers.5

      11.1 Introduction

      

      DThe SET command allows you to modify file attributes which can't be Emodified through DCL commands. Note that you should be careful about Dusing this function; you may easily corrupt files. This much wanted Dfunctionality was introduced in VMS 6.0 with a new DCL command $SET GFILE/ATTRIBUTES. Still DFU's SET has some options which are not in SET 0FILE/ATTRIBUTES (such as setting a BACKUP date).

      EThe new qualifier, /IGNORE=INTERLOCK, allows setting file attributes even on open or locked files.F

      11.2 UIC and identifier processing

      

      FAs of version V2.4 of DFU the /OWNER and /IDENT qualifier now accepts Ball valid UIC or identifier formats. See chapter 10.5 for details.


      $

      SET

      

      Modify file attributes.
      
      

      Format

      #

      SET file1,file2,...,@file

      
      

      PARAMETERS

      

      file1,file2,...,@file

      FThe files to be modified. The attributes to be modified are specified Ewith qualifiers. Wildcards area allowed in the filename. An indirect Gfile can be used by using the @ sign. This allows processing of a file &list produced by a DFU SEARCH command.
      
      

      QUALIFIERS

      

      /ACCESS_DATE=date

      

      /NOACCESS_DATE

      EControls whether a new last-access date is assigned to the specified Hfiles. (V7.2 only) Specify the date according to the rules described in EChapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords are Dallowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. If you Bspecify /NOACCESS_DATE the last access date field will be cleared.

      /ATTRIBUTE_DATE=date

      

      /NOATTRIBUTE_DATE

      EControls whether a new last attribute change date is assigned to the Especified files (V7.2 only). Specify the date according to the rules Edescribed in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date Dkeywords are allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is Fused. If you specify /NOATTRIBUTE_DATE the last attribute change date field will be cleared.

      /BACKUP_DATE=date

      

      /NOBACKUP_DATE

      GControls whether a new backup date is assigned to the specified files. FSpecify the date according to the rules described in Chapter 1 of the DVMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you <specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. If you specify 5/NOBACKUP_DATE the Backup date field will be cleared.

      /BADACL

      

      /NOBADACL

      BSets or resets the 'BADACL' flag in the file header. This enables (deletion of a file with a corrupted ACL.

      /BUCKETSIZE=size

      8Sets a new value for the bucket size in the file header.

      /CONFIRM

      

      /NOCONFIRM (default)

      @Controls whether a request is issued before each individual SET Doperation to confirm that the operation should be performed on that Bfile. When the system issues the prompt, you can issue any of the following responses:
        YES      NO     QUIT   TRUE     FALSE  CTRL/Z   1        0      ALL            <RET> 
      

      EYou can use any combination of upper- and lowercase letters for word Dresponses. Word responses can be abbreviated to one or more letters D(for example, T, TR, or TRU for TRUE). Affirmative answers are YES, FTRUE, and 1. Negative answers are NO, FALSE, 0, and <RET>. QUIT Dor CTRL/Z indicates that you want to stop processing the command at @that point. When you respond with ALL, the command continues to Hprocess, but no further prompts are given. If you type a response other ;than one of those in the list, the prompt will be reissued.

      /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY

      

      /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY

      @Sets or resets the 'CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY' bit in the file header.

      /CREATION_DATE=date

      

      /NOCREATION_DATE

      BControls whether a new creation date is assigned to the specified Ffiles. Specify the date according to the rules described in Chapter 1 Gof the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If 0you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used.

      /DIRECTORY

      

      /NODIRECTORY

      HSets or resets the directory attribute of a file. This qualifier allows Fyou to set the directory bit of a file which was mistakingly reset by Ethe 'SET FILE/NODIRECTORY' command. If it is done on a non-directory Dfile, then access to that directory will give a 'BADIRECTORY' error.

      /EBLOCK[=block]

      DThis qualifier will reset the end-of-file mark to the highest block Dallocated if no block has been specified. Otherwise the end-of-file (mark will be set to the specified block.

      /EBYTE[=byte]

      FThis qualifier will set the end-of-file byte mark to the highest byte Gif it has not been specified. Otherwise the end-of-file byte mark will be set to the specified byte.

      /EXPIRATION_DATE=date

      

      /NOEXPIRATION_DATE

      HControls whether an expiration date is assigned to the specified files. FSpecify the date according to the rules described in Chapter 1 of the DVMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you ,specify 0 as the date, today's date is used.!

      /IDENT=identifier or uic

      <Modify the file ownership. See also /OWNER_UIC. This allows Amodification of the file-ownership even if the file is open, eg. 6INDEXF.SYS. You cannot use both /IDENT and /OWNER_UIC.

      /IGNORE=INTERLOCK

      BPerform the SET command on open or locked files. Default DFU will Creturn a %SYSTEM-E-ACCONFLICT on open files. The /IGNORE=INTERLOCK #option can overrule this behaviour.

      /LOCKED

      

      /NOLOCKED

      FThis qualifier will lock a file for future use. Nothing else can then Dbe done with the file, until it is unlocked (which can also be done with the VMS 'UNLOCK' command.

      /LOG (default)

      

      /NOLOG

      DControls whether the SET command displays the file specification of )each file after the modification is made.

      /MAXREC=record

      BSets a new value for the maximum record number in the file header.

      /NOMOVE

      FThis qualifier disables or enables (/NONOMOVE) the MoveFile attribute Don files. It is the same as the DCL command SET FILE/NOMOVE, but in Fconjunction with /IGNORE=INTERLOCK DFU can change the setting on Open or Locked files.

      /ORGANIZATION=keyword

      CThe following keywords are used as parameters for the ORGANIZATION Equalifier: DIRECT, INDEXED, RELATIVE and SEQUENTIAL. This will allow Gyou to modify the file organization type in the file header. Of course 4this won't change the real organization of the file.%

      /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier

      DModify the file ownership to an UIC or identifier. See also /IDENT. CThis allows modification of the file-ownership even if the file is @open, eg. INDEXF.SYS. You cannot use both /IDENT and /OWNER_UIC.

      /RECATTRIBUTES=keyword

      DThe following keywords are used as parameters for the RECATTRIBUTES Equalifier: NONE, FORTRAN, IMPLIED, PRINT and NOSPAN. This will allow Eyou to modify the file's record attributes in the file header. NONE, FFORTRAN, IMPLIED and PRINT are mutually exclusive, but can be used in Ecombination with NOSPAN. When NOSPAN is omitted SPAN is assumed (the 7default is to allow records to cross block boundaries).

      /RECSIZE=size

      8Sets a new value for the record size in the file header.

      /RECTYPE=keyword

      >The following keywords are used as parameters for the RECTYPE Fqualifier: FIXED, STREAM, STREAMCR, STREAMLF, UNDEFINED, VARIABLE and FVFC. This will allow you to modify the file's record type in the file header.

      /REVISION_DATE=date

      

      /NOREVISION_DATE

      EControls whether a revision date is assigned to the specified files. FSpecify the date according to the rules described in Chapter 1 of the DVMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you ,specify 0 as the date, today's date is used.

      /RVCOUNT=count

      ;Sets a new value for the revision count in the file header.

      /UPDATE

      

      /NOUPDATE (default)

      <Normally the file's revision date will be updated after any Dmodification to it. SET however disables this update (otherwise the H>REVISION date could not be set). Specify this qualifier if you want the revision date to be updated.

      /VFCSIZE=size

      FSets a new value for the VFC size in the file header. This value will &only be used with the VFC record type.
      

      


      8

      Chapter 12
      UNDELETE

      

      HThis chapter describes the UNDELETE command with the related parameters and qualifiers.5

      12.1 Introduction

      

      ?The UNDELETE function is designed to recover deleted files, if Hpossible. UNDELETE operates in a safe mode such that it first checks if Dthe deleted file header and diskblocks are still available. Only in Hthat case will the file be recovered. Otherwise UNDELETE will leave the 5disk unmodified. UNDELETE has some powerfull options:

        J
      • Generate a list of recoverable files with the /LIST qualifier. This J qualifier will not undelete any file, and therefore it does not lock up the disk.*
      • Undelete multiple files in one pass.H
      • Make file selections based on the owner with the /OWNER or /IDENT qualifier.E
      • Undeleted files which cannot be entered back in their original D directory will be moved to the [SYSLOST] directory. This saves an ( additional ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR action.
      

      B

      12.2 File specification syntax

      GBecause a deleted file no longer 'knows' its parent directory you must FNOT enter a directory specification in the file name. Therefore , the 'syntax to undelete a specific file is :
      >   DFU> UNDELETE <device:>/file=<filename.ext>   eg:  *   DFU> UNDELETE $1$DIA1:/file=FOO.BAR 
      

      EDFU will try to re-enter the file in its original directory; it that :fails the file will be entered in the [SYSLOST] directory.;

      12.3 How Undelete works

      

      *The UNDELETE command operates as follows :

        I
      1. Lock the volume. In the same manner as ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR and SET I VOLUME /REBUILD Undelete locks the disk for other writers such that no @ modifications to the INDEXF, BITMAP or QUOTA file can be made.I
      2. Search the INDEXF.SYS file if the requested file is still there. A < check is made if it really is a valid deleted file header.C
      3. Checks if the deleted file header and all possible extension  headers are still valid.H
      4. Checks if the blocks previously owned by this file are still free.I
      5. If all these conditions are met DFU will display the file and asks  for a confirmation.I
      6. Rebuilds all of the deleted file headers and bitmaps in memory. If H no errors are found all the file headers and bitmaps are written back E to disk. The files original backlink is saved in a table in memory.I
      7. If appropiate the blocks and headers are charged against diskquota.E
      8. When all of INDEXF.SYS has been scanned the volume is unlocked.J
      9. The file(s) is (are) entered in the original directory if possible, A using the table build up in memory. If the enter command fails E (probably because the original directory is gone) the file will be A entered in [SYSLOST]. DFU will create this directory if needed.
      

      CIf the /LIST qualifier is used, DFU will just list the recoverable Ffiles without performing any action on the disk. The disk will not be locked.

      ?It is important to note that during the bitmap and file header Fprocessing any error will immediately terminate the recovery process, Fand unlock the disk. Files which have been recovered up to that point ?will still be entered in the appropiate directory. As no wrong Dinformation has been written back to the disk this should leave the disk in a proper state.

      DNOTE: The blocks recovered will NOT be subtracted from the Volume's :free block count. To get the actual freeblock count a SET FVOLUME/REBUILD=FORCE is necessary. Also a complete reMOUNT will reset the freeblock count.

      FIMPORTANT: DFU takes care to recover only files whose original blocks Fare free. However these blocks may have been modified in the meantime Fby another file which also has been deleted. Therefore each recovered 5file must be checked manually to check its integrity.

      Example of a Undelete session :

      DFU> undel $1$dua102:/list  .Recoverable file [TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2 found ,Recoverable file [TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1 found -Recoverable file [TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1 found *Recoverable file [TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1 found  $DFU> undel/file=*.for $1$DUA102:  '%DFU-I-READBMAP, Reading BITMAP.SYS... +%DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now LOCKED for write )%DFU-I-UNDEL, Start search on $1$DUA102:  .Recoverable file [TEST]CHANGE_UIC.FOR;2 found !Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : n ,Recoverable file [TEST]CHECK_ID.FOR;1 found !Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : y +%DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recovered '%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota...  -Recoverable file [TEST]CHKPRDIMG.FOR;1 found !Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : n *Recoverable file [TEST]CHRLEN.FOR;1 found !Recover this file? (Y/N) [N] : y  +%DFU-S-RECOVER, File succesfully recovered '%DFU-I-ADDQUOTA, updating diskquota... %DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlocked /%DFU-I-ENTER, Entering file(s) in directory... @%DFU-S-ENTERED, File CHECK_ID.FOR entered in original directory >%DFU-S-ENTERED, File CHRLEN.FOR entered in original directory  
      DFU> EXIT  
      

      @

      12.4 Files marked for delete

      CNormally DFU does not undelete files marked for delete. To recover Ffiles marked for delete you must use the /MARKED qualifier. This will Hspecifically undelete files marked for delete. This allows the recovery Gof files which are deleted but still open, such as INSTALLed files, or Geven recovery of the system dump file SYSDUMP.DMP whenever such a file is accidentially deleted.
      )

      UNDELETE

      

      .Recover one or more deleted files on a device.
      
      

      Format

      

      UNDELETE device[:]

      
      

      PARAMETERS

      

      device

      FThe device on which to undelete one or more files. The device will be )write-locked during the undelete process.
      
      

      QUALIFIERS

      

      /FILE=filename

      GThe file to be recovered. Wildcards may be used. If a matching file is Hfound Undelete will ask a confirmation. If a certain file is confirmed, Fthat file will be recovered if possible, and control will be returned Bto the DFU> prompt. If the /FILE qualifier is omitted DFU will assume *.*;* .!

      /IDENT=identifier or uic

      HYou can search for files owned by a specific identifier or UIC. Another Fway is the /OWNER_UIC qualifier; you cannot combine these 2 qualifier in one UNDELETE command.!

      /LIST(=output-file-name)

      GGenerate a list of recoverable files. No undelete will take place, and =the disk will not be locked. The defaultoutput is SYS$OUTPUT.

      /MARKED

      EConsider only files marked-for-delete. Such files are usuallly still Fopen by some utility, such as INSTALLed files or the system dump file.%

      /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier

      DThis qualifier is used to select files by a UIC or identifier . You *cannot combine this qualifier with /IDENT.

      /STATISTICS

      FThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.
      

      


      5

      Chapter 13
      SPAWN

      

      GThe new SPAWN command creates an interactive subprocess. This allows a Cquick escape to the DCL level from an interactive DFU session. The Esubprocess has a default prompt DFU_sub$. In SMG mode the <DO> Hkey also performs a SPAWN command. You must logout explicitly to return to the DFU session.


      6

      Chapter 14
      VERIFY

      

      FThis chapter describes the VERIFY command with the related parameters and qualifiers.5

      14.1 Introduction

      

      HThe VERIFY command makes an analysis of the disk, scanning for file and @disk structure errors. VERIFY performs almost all of the checks Enormally done by a ANALYZE/DISK command. But VERIFY is several times 2faster than ANALYZE/DISK, and uses less resources.

      /VERIFY checks and reports the following errors:

        G
      • Checks the logical information contained in the disk's HOME block'
      • Reports files marked for deletion3
      • Reports mismatches in the index file's bitmap8
      • Checks the VMS$COMMON.DIR backlink on system disks
      • Checks all backlinks.'
      • Reports multiple allocated blocks:
      • Reports blocks incorrectly marked free and allocated
      • Reports all lost filesF
      • Checks for mismatches between blocks used and blocks charged in 2 QUOTA.SYS. (Only done when diskquota is enabled)
      

      =

      14.2 Basic repair actions

      EThe /FIX qualifier can be used to perform some basic repair actions. EUnlike ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR this does not lock the disk! /FIX repairs the following errors:
        3
      • Deletes file marked for delete (if possible).9
      • Recovers lost files and directories into [SYSLOST].F
      • Recovers a very rare problem which will get ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR H into a computable loop (This problem is fixed in VMS V6.2 or with the  VERI02_061 patch kit).B
      • Recovers a corrupted backlink for the Master File Directory 000000.DIR.G
      • Recovers a wrong backlink for VMS$COMMON.DIR files on the system  disk
      

      @

      14.3 Advanced repair actions

      HThe /REBUILD qualifier can be used to perform some more repair actions. FThis will however lock the disk (like a DCL $SET VOLUME/REBUILD=FORCE Dcommand) for a short period of time (usually less than 30 seconds). '/REBUILD repairs the following errors :
        C
      • Mismatches in the INDEXF.SYS bitmap (files reported with the  NOBITSET and NOBITCLR errors)D
      • Blocks incorrectly marked allocated or free in the BITMAP.SYS.'
      • Mismatches in the diskquota file.
      

      ?Note that /REBUILD does NOT change the disk's free block count.

      ;

      14.4 Directory scanning

      GThe /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier will force DFU to also verify and repair D(when using /FIX) directory problems. This qualifier directs DFU to <scan all directories on the disk. This has some advantages :
        H
      • Better detection of some cases of 'lost' files. Combined with the H /FIX qualifier DFU may be able to recover such files into the correct 6 directory instead of moving such files to [SYSLOST].G
      • Detects and fixes file-id mismatches between directories and the  INDEXF.SYS file.J
      • Using the /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier makes DFU fully compatible with  ANALYZE/DISK.
      

      GPlease note that a complete directory scan may take several minutes to complete.<

      14.5 Interpreting errors

      

      ?On a system (cluster) wide mounted disk there will probably be Econcurrent disk activity during the VERIFY command. Therefore VERIFY Gmay report some errors which are not really errors. Try running VERIFY F2 or 3 times to see if the errors are reported again. To get a really Dconsistent report from VERIFY you can use the /LOCK qualifier. This Bwill write-lock the disk during the VERIFY run, so don't use this Aqualifier too often. (The /REPAIR qualifier of ANALYZE/DISK also Bwrite-locks the disk). Even if DFU ends ungracefully the DFU exit $handler will always UNLOCK the disk.8

      14.6 Error reporting

      

      +An example of a typical VERIFY run follows:

      DFU> VERIFY mydisk !%DFU-I-VERIFY, Verifying MYDISK: ,%DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK '%DFU-I-IFSCAN, Scanning INDEXF.SYS ... )%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS... +%DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files... '%DFU-I-CHKQUOTA, Checking QUOTA.SYS...   %DFU> VERIFY/REBUILD sys$sysdevice '%DFU-W-LOCKED, Volume now write locked (%DFU=I-VERIFY, Verifying SYS$SYSDEVICE: ,%DFU-S-CHKHOME, Home block info verified OK L%DFU-W-DELETED, file (620,351,1) RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3 marked for delete F%DFU-W-DELETED, file (6349,173,1) DCLTABLES.EXE;937 marked for delete M%DFU-W-DELETED, file (19745,35,1) RSF_DI_RSF_SERVER0.TMP;3 marked for delete )%DFU-I-CHKBITMAP, Checking BITMAP.SYS... Q%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN 2667141 through 2667143 incorrectly marked allocated Q%DFU-E-ALLOCCLR, blocks LBN 2667153 through 2667161 incorrectly marked allocated   .   . 1%DFU-S-RBDBITMAP, BITMAP.SYS succesfully rebuild +%DFU-I-CHKLOST, Checking for lost files... %DFU-I-UNLOCK, Volume unlocked  DFU> 
      

      'VERIFY can report the following errors:

      .ALLOCCLR, blocks incorrectly marked allocated,
      
      Severity: ERROR
      HExplanation: Blocks were found which are not allocated Dby a file but set in the BITMAP file. This error is often seen when GVERIFY is run and there is concurrent file activity on the disk. Also, Hif after a system crash the disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such blocks Fmay exist. ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there.
      GUser Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the BITMAP file.
      )ALLOCSET, blocks incorrectly marked free,
      
      Severity: ERROR
      GExplanation: Blocks were found which are allocated by Ea file but not set in the BITMAP file. This error is often seen when GVERIFY is run and there is concurrent file activity on the disk. Also, Hif after a system crash the disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such blocks Fmay exist. ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there.
      GUser Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the BITMAP file.
      (BADBLOCK, file has suspected bad blocks,
      
      Severity: ERROR
      GExplanation: A file has suspected bad blocks. This is 3likely to be caused by hardware errors on the disk.
      HUser Action: Try to copy the file to another location. Also check the Error Log.
      +BADEXTLNK, link to extension header broken,
      
      Severity: ERROR
      HExplanation: VERIFY tries to follow the extension link >of the file and it failed, or the extension header is invalid.
      EUser Action: Try ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR. However, this Gmay be an unrepairable error, in which case the file will be corrupted and unreliable.
      9BADMFDLNK, directory has backlink to 000000.DIR on RVN n,
      
      Severity: ERROR
      EExplanation: A directory has a backlink to a Master Gfile directory other than the one on RVN 1. This is incorrect, but the Bonly way to recover is to reenter the directory manually into the 000000.DIR on RVN 1.
      FUser$ Action: Do a SET FILE/ENTER into the 000000.DIR Hdirectory on RVN 1, then do a SET FILE/REMOVE from the wrong 000000.DIR.
      DELETED, file marked for delete,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      DExplanation: A file was found marked for deletion. ESuch files usually exists as a result of file being deleted while it Awas still INSTALLed, or as a result of a system crash. It is not Bconsidered as an error. You can try to delete such files by using VERIFY/FIX.
      ERRHOME, Home block info not OK,
      
      Severity: ERROR
      GExplanation: The Info contained in the Home Block was not consistent or corrupted.
      HUser Action: Run ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR to try to fix the error.
      %INVBAKFID, file has invalid backlink,
      
      Severity: ERROR
      GExplanation: The files backlink file id is not filled Ein. This is likely to be a lost file. (Note that once VERIFY reports Fthis error, it will not be reported again during the LOSTFILE check). EBut is also possible that the file is in a valid directory, but that &the Backlink file id is not filled in.
      FUser Action: Run ANALYZE/DISK/REPAIR. If the file is Gin a valid directory the backlink will be repaired. Otherwise the file Fwill be moved to the [SYSLOST] directory. You can also use VERIFY/FIX =but then the file will unconditionally be moved to [SYSLOST].
      LOCKED, file is deaccess locked,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      GExplanation: The file is deaccess locked. This may be a result of a system crash.
      FUser Action: Try to unlock the file with the DFU SET #command, or the DCL UNLOCK command.
      .LOSTHDR1, file found in nonexistent directory,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      DExplanation: During the lost file check a file was Cdiscovered in a nonexistent directory. This error can be caused as <follows : set a directory file to NODIRECTORY and delete it.
      EUser Action: Run VERIFY/FIX to move the file to the [SYSLOST] directory.
      4LOSTHDR2, file found in directory with bad backlink,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      DExplanation: During the lost file check a file was Gdiscovered in a valid directory. However, the directory has an invalid Cbacklink. This error can be caused by doing a SET FILE/REMOVE of a directory file.
      FUser Action: Run VERIFY/FIX to move the directory to Ethe [SYSLOST] directory. Then move the directory back to the correct ?location. The files in the directory should be accesible again.
      *LOSTHDR3, file found in invalid directory,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      DExplanation: During the lost file check a file was Ediscovered in a directory which is not a valid directory. Either the Hfile has a wrong backlink, or the directory file has the directory file attribute not set.
      GUser Action: Look up the directory and use DFU SET to Hset the directory bit. If the directory file was OK then run VERIFY/FIX to recover the lost file.
      #LOSTHDR4, not found in a directory,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      DExplanation: When the /DIRECTORY_SCAN qualifier is Fused, DFU detects files which have a valid backlink but which are not 6seen in the directory. This can be repaired with /FIX.
      GUser Action: Using /FIX will enter these files in the correct directory.
      %MULTALLOC, blocks multiple allocated,
      
      Severity: ERROR
      HExplanation: A file has blocks allocated which already Abelong to another file. Note that VERIFY will make a second pass Gthrough INDEXF.SYS to report all the files involved. This is a serious Derror, and may be a result of a disk being mounted on two seperated *VAXClusters (or a partitioned VAXCluster).
      BUser Action: Copy all the files found to another Dlocation. Next all the files must be deleted. Run VERIFY/REBUILD to Frepair the BITMAP. All the afflicted files must be manually inspected 5to see which files are valid and which are corrupted.
      *NOBITCLR, Deleted file header marked BUSY,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      HExplanation: A file was deleted. The corresponding bit Gin the INDEXF bitmap should be cleared but is still set. This is not a serious error.
      BUser Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to fix the error.
      (NOBITSET, index file bitmap bit not set,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      >Explanation: A valid file was found, but the Dcorresponding index file bitmap bit is clear. This is not a serious error.
      BUser Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to fix the error.
      NOOWNER, file has no owner,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      EExplanation: A file was found with UIC [0,0] as the &owner. This is not a normal situation.
      CUser Action: Look up the file and modify the file owner.
      @QUOTAERR, UIC [x,y] has n blocks used, QUOTA indicates m blocks,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      FExplanation: If a disk has diskquota enabled, VERIFY Ccalculates the blocks used and compares them with the value in the HQUOTA.SYS file. Any mismatch is reported. This error is often seen when HVERIFY is run, and there is concurrent file activity on the disk. Also, Gif after a system crash the disk is mounted with /NOREBUILD such Quota Emismatches may exist. ReRun VERIFY with /LOCK to see if the error is still there.
      FUser Action: Run VERIFY/REBUILD to rebuild the QUOTA -file. Or run a DISKQUOTA> REBUILD command.
      %SLFBAKFID, backlink points to itself,
      
      "Severity: WARNING
      HExplanation: This error indicates that DFU has found a Cdirectory with a backlink pointing to itself. This feature is only Gallowed for the MFD 000000.DIR. This error will result in ANALYZE/DISK going into a COMputable loop.
      FUser Action: Run VERIFY/FIX to move the directory to Ethe [SYSLOST] directory. Then remove the directory entry from itself Ewith a SET FILE/REMOVE command. The files in the directory should be accesible again.
      '

      VERIFY

      

      *VERIFY a device for disk structure errors.
      
      

      Format

      

      VERIFY device[:]

      
      

      PARAMETERS

      

      device

      The device to be verified.
      
      

      QUALIFIERS

      

      /APPEND=filename

      AThis qualifier redirects the output to be appended to an already Fexisting file. If the output file does not exists it will be created. ,You can use /APPEND or /OUTPUT but not both.

      /DIRECTORY_SCAN

      CPerforms a full directory scan. This may take up some time, but it Fallows detection of mismatches between the directories and INDEXF.SYS.

      /FIX

      

      /NOFIX (default)

      FRepair errors on the disk. File marked for delete will be deleted and 6lost files and directories will be moved to [SYSLOST].

      /LOCK

      

      /NOLOCK (default)

      ELocks the disk for file allocation/deletion. This gives a consistent Areport for the disk, but other users may experience a delay when Haccessing the disk. The device will be unlocked a the end of the VERIFY command.

      /OUTPUT=filename

      GThis qualifier redirects the output to a file. The output will also go Hto SYS$OUTPUT. CAUTION: if you use /LOCK in combination with /OUTPUT be Ecareful to specify an outputfile on ANOTHER disk, or DFU will finish with a severe error.

      /REBUILD

      

      /NOREBUILD (default)

      EPerform a volume rebuild. Using this qualifier will temporarily lock the disk for other users.

      /STATISTICS

      FThis qualifier displays the performance statistics: CPU time, Elapsed Time, I/O and PageFaults.
      

      


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      1Next0[SYSHLP]DFUHLP.HLBPNPӁۜczۜ"M MlIHIlJ>% VAX-11 Librarian V04-00zۜ9zۜMJN5 DFU 6ۜ1 DFU@The ODS-2 Disk and File Utilities is a high performance utility Gdeveloped to perform routine maintenance and special purpose operationsAon disks, files and directories. The functionality offered by DFUGis not or partly available through other DCL commands or VMS utilities.CVersion V2.6 now also works with the new ODS 5 file system and deep2directories. Further, V2.6 is fully Y2K compliant. ;NOTE: DFU V2.6 is a freeware product, use at your own risk.ARefer to ftp.digital.com/pub/VMS for the latest freeware version. DFU has the following functions:- o DEFRAGMENT : defragment individual files J o DELETE : delete files by file-id, and delete directory(trees) fast o DIRECTORY functions @ : COMPRESS , CREATE , DUMP or RECOVER directoriesG : search directories for files with multiple versions , 4 alias files , or empty directories+ o REPORT : reports disk fragmentation! o SEARCH : search for files$ o SET : set file attributes& o UNDELETE : recover deleted files8 o VERIFY : analyze (and repair) the disk structure2 Problem_reportsAPlease report all problems and other questions to the author at : ton.dorland@digital.com2 Restrictions9- DFU cannot handle volume sets with more than 32 disks. 2 DEFRAG>The defrag option is used to defragment a single file or filesSyntax:9 DEFRAG file1,file2,...,@file3 (/DEVICE=/BESTTRY) 3 Parameters file1,file2,...,@file3>You must specify a file (list) with a full file specification =or a logical name. You may also use an indirect command file <eg.: DEFRAG @DEFRAG.COM(/device=). This enables you Dto generate a list with SEARCH device/OUTPUT=file and use that file Eas input to the DEFRAG command. The list generated by DFU SEARCH willJcontain the device name in the file specification. If you have a filelist Dfrom another source which does not contain the device name you must 5use /DEVICE as to append the device name to the file. 3 Qualifiers/BESTTRYIThis qualifier directs DFU to create a file using the contiguous-best-tryImethod. Default DFU tries to make a completely contiguous file. On highly0fragmented or used disks this may be impossible./DEVICE=device_name(Append the device-name to the filename. /LBN=EMove a single file to the target logical block number. This is faster:than having the file system sear ch for a new LBN location.BCaution: Use this qualifier only for processing a single file, not=a list of files. If there is not enough contiguous free space3available at the target LBN Defrag will fail with aDEVICEFULL error. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether CPU and I/O consumption of the command are shown. /WRITECHECK /WRITECHECK /NOWRITECHECK (default)D Performs a write check on the resultant file after the defragment  operation. 2 DELETE&The Delete command serves 2 purposes : o Delete files by File-id= o Delete complete directories and directory trees very fast>Deleting files by file id's (with the /FILE qualifier) can be =usefull in removing files which are no longer in a directory (eg. files marked for delete). CDeleting a directory (with the /DIRECTORY qualifier) is many times @faster than the normal DCL delete command, especially for large Bdirectories. The /TREE qualifier can be  used to delete a complete %directory tree with just one command.4The /FILE and /DIRECTORY command cannot be combined. Syntax :& (1) DELETE /FILE=@ (2) DELETE /DIRECTORY(/Qualifiers) 3 Qualifiers /DIRECTORYD This qualifier directs DFU to delete the complete contents of theB specified directory, followed by a delete of the directory file itself. = See also the /TREE qualifier. The parameter must specify a> full direct ory file name. Wildcards may be used. Examples :0 DFU> DELETE mydisk:[000000]gone.dir/DIRECTORY9 gone.dir will be deleted with its contents. > DFU> DELETE/DIRECTORY mydisk:[maindir.subdir]removethis.dir? removethis.dir will be deleted with its contents./FILE /FILE=G The full 3 number file-id of the file to be deleted. In combination E with the required device parameter this results in a unique file. A To avoid possible errors  a full file id is required. Example :$ DFU> DELETE mydisk/FILE=(234,567,1)/KEEP /NOKEEP (default)@ Used with DELETE/DIRECTORY(/TREE). This qualifier directs DFUA to delete the contents of the directory(tree) but to preserve  the directory files. /NOLOG /LOG (default)I This qualifier is used only with the /DIRECTORY qualifier. Default DFUE will report each deleted file. This can be suppressed with /NOLOG. /NOREMOVE /REMOVE (default)E This qualifier can only be used with /FILE. Default DFU will also A try to remove the file from the parent directory. For lost or H marked-for-delete files this is not possible, and the DELETE command  will probably fail.? The /NOREMOVE qualifier will override the default behaviour. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether CPU and I/O consumption of the command are shown./TREE H This qualifier is only used in combination with /DIRECTORY. Starting D with the specified directory all (sub)directory contents and all ) (sub)directory files will be deleted. 2 DIRECTORYEThe DIRECTORY command provides 7 different functions depending on thequalifiers used. Syntax: DIRECTORY/COMPRESS & Compresses one or more directories.% DIRECTORY/CREATE/ALLOCATE=n 4 Create an empty directory file 'n' blocks in size DIRECTORY/DUMP - Provides a block level dump of a directory DIRECTORY/RECOVER ! Recovers a corrupted directory DIRECTORY/ALIAS @ Searches all directories on the device for alias file entries DIRECTORY/EMPTY + Searches the disk for empty directories. DIRECTORY/VERSION=n 9 Searches all directories on the device for files which have at least n versions. 3The qualifiers /ALIAS, /EMPTY, and /VERSION can be combined in one command.2Other combinations of qualifiers are not possible. 3 Parameters  file,(@file) @The /CREATE, /COMPRESS , /DUMP and /RECOVER qualifier require a Gdirectory-file name as a parameter.You may also specify a logical name Gor an indirect command file as a parameter eg.: DIR/COMPRESS @DIR.COM .CThis enables you to generate a list with SEARCH device/OUTPUT=file 5and use that file as input to the DIRECTORY command. AThe list generated by DFU SEARCH will contain the device name in /the file specification. If you have a filelist Dfrom another source which does not contain the device name you must 5use /DEVICE as to append the device name to the file.deviceBThe /ALIAS, /EMPTY and /VERSION qualifier require a device name as a parameter. 3 Qualifiers/ALIAS 2 Scan all directories on a disk for alias files. /ALLOCATE=nA Used in combination with /CREATE. Generates an empty directory* with a preallocated size of 'n' blocks. /COMPRESS > Recreates and compresses the directory. Because directories? are alphabetically sorted files, deleting and entering files= randomly will create 'holes' in directory files. /COMPRESS; will remove these holes by rebuilding and truncating the directory./CREATE1 Create an empty directory. See also /ALLOCATE./DEVICE=device-nameA Append the device name to the directory-file name. Can only be used with /COMPRESS or /DUMP/DUMP 8 Produces a dump of the directory file block by block.6 This command may be usefull for debugging corrupted or suspected directories./EMPTY' Scan the disk for empty directories. /FILL_FACTOR /FILL_FACTOR=percentage> This qualifier is only valid in combination with /COMPRESS.@ Default behaviour for DFU is to compress a directory as tight7 as possible; this is equivalent to /FILL_FACTOR=100.; By choosing a lower fill_factor DFU will leave some free> space in each directory block. /FILL_FACTOR may be between < 50 and 100 %. Caution : choosing a fill_factor lower than; 100% may fail if the directory file is not large enough.9 In that case DFU will signal an error and advise using a higher fill_factor./FORMAT /FORMAT=format_string> Used with /VERSION and /OUTPUT. Create an output file using= the format as described in formatstring. The format string> MUST contains the !AS directive; DFU fills in the resultant file there. Example :2 DFU> DIR/VERSION=3/OUT=P.COM/FORMAT="$purge !AS" /OUTPUT /OUTPUT=filenameB This qualifier redirects the output from DFU to an output file./RECOVER /RECOVER8 Rebuilds a corrupted directory file. Do not use this + command on critical (system)directories! /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether CPU and I/O consumption of the command are shown./TEST  A This qualifier can be used only in conjunction with /COMPRESS.: When /TEST is specified DFU will show the results of a ? directory compression wit hout actually performing a compress operation. /TRUNCATE /TRUNCATE(=n)> This qualifier is only valid in combination with /COMPRESS.; After compressing a directory DFU will NOT truncate the > empty blocks at the end of the directory , unless /TRUNCATEB is specified. A number 'n' may be specified to let DFU truncate; no further than 'n' blocks. ('n' will be rounded up to a; multiple of the disks cluster size.) Example: a 60 blockD directory A.DIR can be compressed to 20 blocks. The results are: 8 DIR/COMPRESS --> A.DIR size 20/60 blocks.: DIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE --> A.DIR size 20/20 blocks.: DIR/COMPRESS/TRUNCATE=40 --> A.DIR size 20/40 blocks./VERSION /VERSION=n> Scan all directories of a given device for files which have at least 'n' versions. 2 EXITLeave DFU (return to DCL)2 HELPDisplays this text2 New_Features_V2.64This version of DFU has the following new features :- o Support for ODS-5  disks on VMS 7.2 Alpha5 o Support for deep directories and long file names7 o Additional SEARCH and SET qualifiers to manipulate7 the last access and last attribute change date on V7.2. o Use of FAST-IO features whenever possible' o Diskquota list restriction removed: o Added /LIMIT to SEARCH to find default version limits of directory files.< o Added /PAGE qualifier to all commands for paging outputF o VERIFY will detect and repair a broken backlink to VMS$COMMON.DIRThe following bugs are fixed: A o DIRECTORY/ALIAS could miss alias files in the same directory; o DIRECTORY/COMPRESS could set the directory bit on non- directory files: o SEARCH/ACE would not find matching ACE's in extension headers2 REPORTEThe report option generates a file and free space report of the disk.CAlso a graph table is made which gives you a quick view on the freespace distribution of the disk.Syntax :  REPORT /Qualifiers 3 Qualifiers/APPEND /APPEND=filename: Same as /OUTPUT, but the output will be appended to the7 file if it already exists. Thus output from multiple3 DFU commands can be put in the same output file.2 If the file does not exists it will be created./GRAPH /GRAPH /NOGRAPH (default)= This qualifier enables the graph output of the free space > distribution for the disk. The default behaviour is not to  display the graph output./OUTPUT /OUTPUT=filenameB This qualifier redirects the output from DFU to an output file. /NOBITMAP % Skip the bitmap statistics report./NOFILE$ Skip the file statistics report. /NOVOLUME Skip the volume info report. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether cpu and I/O consumption of the command are shown./USAGE(=uic or identifier): Generate a diskblock usage report. DFU will report per ? UIC/Identifier the blocks used/allocated, and the  number of B file headers used. If diskquota is enabled a third column will F be added to the report with the blocks used according to QUOTA.SYS.= If an UIC or Identifier is entered then only that UIC will be reported.- The diskquota used must satisfy the rule :5 QUOTA used = blocks allocated + # of file headers.2 Screen_Management<This version of DFU uses Screen Management (SMG) routines to8perform output. DFU will automatically select SMG unlessBthe terminal does not have SMG capabilities, if DFU is executed in4a batch job or if the logical DFU$NOSMG is defined. ?In any of these 3 cases DFU will switch to normal line orientedoutput. 3 Line_Mode1You can force DFU to line mode output by defining#the logical DFU$NOSMG to any value.3 Special_Keys:In SMG mode the following keys perform special functions :$ o CTRL/W : Redraws the screen% o DO : Spawns a subprocess+ o HELP or PF2 : Invokes the help facilityF o PF4 : Dumps the screen contents in the file DFU_SCREEN.TXT7 o PREV_SCREEN : Scrolls back trough the output window; o NEXT_SCREEN : Scrolls forward through the output windowA o INSERTHERE : Scrolls back through the output window one lineC o REMOVE : Scrolls forward trough the output window one line/ o SELECT : Toggle between 80/132 columns' o UP/DOWN : Recall command buffer3 Paging-outputAIn SMG mode the /PAGE qualifier will present output page by page.9This may be ha ndy for some commands which produce a large"amount of output (SEARCH, REPORT).2 SEARCHAThe SEARCH option lets you search for specific files on a device.Syntax :  SEARCH /Qualifiers 3 Qualifiers/ACCESS & /ACCESS=keyword(=value) (V7.2 only)8 This qualifier is used in combination with 3 possible> keywords : BEFORE=date, SINCE=date or NONE. The last access6 date is used in for selecting files. You can either8 use SINCE and BEFORE or NONE , but not both. Th>!e NONE> keyword gives you files which don't have a last access date set. Examples : o /ACCESS=BEFORE=date- o /ACCESS=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate) o /ACCESS=NONE/ACE /ACE=identifier< Searches for files containing an ACL list with an ACE for this identifier. /ALLOCATED3 When using the /SIZE qualifier, the default size3 used for comparison is the actual file size. Use8 /ALLOCATED to force DFU to use the allocated filesize for comparison."/APPEND /APPEND=filename: Same as /OUTPUT, but the output will be appended to the7 file if it already exists. Thus output from multiple3 DFU commands can be put in the same output file.2 If the file does not exists it will be created. /ATTRIBUTE) /ATTRIBUTE=keyword(=value) (V7.2 only)8 This qualifier is used in combination with 3 possibleA keywords : BEFORE=date, SINCE=date or NONE. The last attribute= change date is used in for selecting files. You can eithe#r8 use SINCE and BEFORE or NONE , but not both. The NONE< keyword gives you files which don't have a last attribute change date set. Examples : o /ATTRIBUTE=BEFORE=date0 o /ATTRIBUTE=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate) o /ATTRIBUTE=NONE/BACKUP /BACKUP=keyword(=value)8 This qualifier is used in combination with 3 possible9 keywords : BEFORE=date, SINCE=date or NONE. The backup6 date is used in for selecting files. You can either8 use SINCE and BEFORE or N$ONE , but not both. The NONE9 keyword gives you files which don't have a backup date recorded. Examples : o /BACKUP=BEFORE=date- o /BACKUP=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate) o /BACKUP=NONE/BAKFID /BAKFID=backlink-file-id5 You can use this qualifier to look for a file with; a specific backlink. Only the first part of the file id = must be specified, that is , if the File id is (x,y,z) you% must specifiy 'x' as the file-id. E You can use this qualif%ier to get files from a specific directory.> If you use /BAKFID=0 you will get files not belonging to a % directory (often temporary files)./CHARACTERISTICS( /CHARACTERISTICS=(characteristic,...)2 This qualifier is used to select files by their8 characteristics. The possible characteristics you can specify are :3 o BADACL : files marked with a bad ACL list/ o BADBLOCK : files marked with Bad Blocks3 o BESTTRY : files marked contiguous-best-try- o & CONTIGUOUS : files which are contiguous3 o DIRECTORY : files marked as a directory file- o ERASE : erase file before deletion6 o LOCKED : files with the deacces lock bit set, o MARKED : files marked for deletion+ o NOBACKUP : files marked as NoBackup+ o NOCHARGE : files marked as NOCHARGE: o NOMOVE : files marked as NOMOVE (VMS 5.5+ only!) o SPOOL : spool files0 o SCRATCH : files marked as scratch files- o NOSHELVABLE: files' marked a noshelvable* o ISSHELVED : files which are shelved > Default DFU will use a logical AND to select files, that is= if you issue several characteristics DFU will only display> files which have all these characteristics set. To overrule/ this , you can use the MATCH=OR keyword, eg: 5 SEARCH device/CHAR=(DIRECTORY,NOBACKUP,MATCH=OR)/CREATED /CREATED=keyword=value8 This qualifier is used in combination with 2 possible5 keywords : BEFORE=date or( SINCE=date. The creation7 date is used in for selecting files. You can combine BEFORE and SINCE. Examples : o /CREATED=BEFORE=date. o /CREATED=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate)/EXCLUDE /EXCLUDE=filename3 Use this qualifier to exclude filenames from the6 selction. Eg.: /EXCLUDE=*.SYS will force DFU to not# select filenames matching *.SYS./EXPIRED /EXPIRED=keyword(=value)8 This qualifier is used in combination with 3 possible0 keywords BEFORE=dat)e, SINCE=date or NONE. The6 expiration date is used in for selecting files. You4 can either use SINCE and BEFORE or NONE , but not5 both. The NONE keyword gives you files which don't. have a expiration date recorded. Examples : o /EXPIRED=BEFORE=date. o /EXPIRED=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate) o /EXPIRED=NONE/FID /FID=file-id4 You can use this qualifier to look for a specific3 file. Only the first part of the file id must be5 specified, that is , if t*he File id is (x,y,z) you4 must specifiy 'x' as the file-id. If you use this9 qualifier, DFU does not scan INDEXF.SYS but just looks5 up the specific file header. Therefore, you cannot6 combine this qualifier with other search qualifiers such as /SIZE or /FILE./FILE /FILE=filename. DFU selects only file names which match the7 'filename'. You can use wildcards eg: /FILE=*.SYS or> /FILE=LOGIN.*. If you don't supply a version DFU adds ';*'  to the filename.+/FORMAT /FORMAT=format_string1 Used with /OUTPUT. Create an output file using= the format as described in formatstring. The format string> MUST contains the !AS directive; DFU fills in the resultant file there. Example :5 DFU> SEARCH/FILE=*.TMP/FORMAT="$delete/confirm !AS" /FRAGMENT /FRAGMENT [=option]6 Shows the numbers of headers/fragments of the file. Available options: o /FRAGMENT 2 Don't select files, but show fragmentation info! , o /FRAGMENT=MINUMUM=fragments 8 DFU selects files with at least 'fragments' fragments! o /FRAGMENT=MAXIMUM=fragments 7 DFU selects files with at most 'fragments' fragments& You can combine both options , eg.:7 /FRAGMENT=(MIN=4,MAX=10) will select all files with between 4 and 10 fragments./FULL3 Gives you a full output for each found file. The8 output contains directory, filename, File ID, Virtual3 Block Number within INDEXF.SYS, filesize, own-er,6 creation date, revision date. Note that default you4 get a short output. You cannot use both /FULL and /SUMMARY together./HOME9 Displays information about the home block of the disk.7 DFU uses the home block to calculate the actual used' and free file headers in INDEXF.SYS./IDENT /IDENT=identifier /NOIDENT=identifier6 DFU Selects files owned by this identifier. Another9 way is to use the /OWNER=uic qualifier; you cannot useA both qualifiers in .the same DFU command. Using /NOIDENT causes< DFU to search for all files NOT owned by this identifier./LBN /LBN=logical-block-number6 The /LBN option is a special qualifier which allows7 you to find a file which contains a specific logical3 block number. Note that this qualifier cannot be: combined with other search qualifiers (such as /FILE=)./LIMIT /LIMIT=(minimum=n,maximum=m); Searches all directory files for a default version limit between 'n' and 'm'/. /MODIFIED /MODIFIED=keyword=value8 This qualifier is used in combination with 2 possible5 keywords : BEFORE=date or SINCE=date. The revision7 date is used in for selecting files. You can combine BEFORE and SINCE. Examples :  o /MODIFIED=BEFORE=date/ o /MODIFIED=(BEFORE=date,SINCE=anotherdate) /MULTIPLE5 This qualifier displays files which have extension3 headers. This gives you some idea about possible fragmentation of your disk. /NOSEARC0H= Do not search the volume. This qualifier can only be used = with /HOME. It is used to display only the home block info of the device. /NOVOLSET7 The /NOVOLSET qualifier overrides default Volume set4 processing by DFU. This is usefull eg. if you are* doing a /LBN search on a specific disk./OUTPUT /OUTPUT=filename5 This qualifier redirects the output from DFU about7 all found files to an output file. You must use this$ qualifier if you are using /SOR1T./OVER_ALLOCATED /OVER_ALLOCATED=n< Select files for which the difference between blocks used8 and allocated is greater than or equal to 'n' blocks./OWNER /OWNER=uic /NOOWNER=uic5 Selects all files owned by the specified uic. This7 qualifier cannot be used in combination with /IDENT.< The uic must be specified in a standard [grp,mem] format.4 Using /NOOWNER causes DFU to search for all files NOT owned by this uic./PLACED Cheks for placed fi2les./SIZE /SIZE=option 9 You must supply at least one of the following options:  o /SIZE=MINUMUM=blocksize 6 DFU selects files at least blocksize blocks in size o /SIZE=MAXIMUM=blocksize 6 DFU selects files at most blocksize blocks in size.& You can combine both options , eg.:4 /SIZE=(MIN=1000,MAX=10000) will select all files) between 1000 and 10000 blocks in size./SORT5 This qualifier will sort the results of DFU to the8 o3utput file specified in /OUTPUT. If you omit /OUTPUT3 SYS$OUTPUT will be used. You cannot use /FULL or& /SUMMARY in combination with /SORT. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether cpu and I/O consumption of the command are shown./SUMMARY3 Gives you a summary of the total number of files4 found, and the number of blocks occupied by these6 files. You cannot use this qualifier in combination/TYPE /TYPE=ODS2 | ODS5 (V7.2 only)45 Searches for files with ODS2 or ODS5 file headers. Only usefull on ODS5 disks./VERSION_NUMBER /VERSION_NUMBER=option 9 You must supply at least one of the following options: * o /VERSION_NUMBER=MINUMUM=file_version ; DFU selects files whose version number in the file name  is at least 'file_version'.* o /VERSION_NUMBER=MAXIMUM=file_version ; DFU selects files whose version number in the file name  is at most 'file_version'.& 5 You can combine both options , eg.:7 /VERSION=(MIN=1000,MAX=10000) will select all files: with a version_number between 1000 and 10000 inclusive.2 SETDModifies the characteristics of one or more files. It handles-all attributes which 'SET FILE' can't handle. Format: SET file-spec[,...],@file 3 Parameters file-spec[,...],@fileF Specifies one or more files to be modified. If you specify two or? more files, separate them with commas. A filelist ma6y be used: by specifying @file. Thus, an output file generated by a: DFU SEARCH command can be used to be processed with SET.= Wildcard characters are allowed in the file specifications. 3 Qualifiers /ACCESS_DATE  /ACCESS_DATE=date (V7.2 only) /NOACCESS_DATEI Controls whether a new file access date is assigned to the specifiedF files. Specify the date according to the rules described in ChapterF 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords areF 7allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. UseE of this qualifier requires ownership of the file or access control./ATTRIBUTE_DATE ! /ATTRIBUTE_DATE=date (V7.2 only) /NOATTRIBUTE_DATEA Controls whether a new lats attribute change date is assigned E to the specified files. Specify the date according to the rules > described in Chapter 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. J Absolute date keywords are allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, I to 8day's date is used. Use of this qualifier requires ownership of the  file or access control. /BACKUP_DATE /BACKUP_DATE=date /NOBACKUP_DATEF Controls whether a new backup date is assigned to the specifiedF files. Specify the date according to the rules described in ChapterF 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords areF allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. UseE of this qualifier requires ownership of the file or access9 control./BADACL /BADACL /NOBADACLF Sets or resets the 'BAD ACL' flag in the file header. This enables* deletion of a file with a corrupted ACL. /BUCKETSIZE /BUCKETSIZE=size: Sets a new value for the bucket size in the file header./CONFIRM /CONFIRM /NOCONFIRM (default)B Controls whether a request is issued before each individual SETF operation to confirm that the operation should be performed on that file.F When the system issues the prom:pt, you can issue any of the following responses: YES NO QUIT TRUE FALSE  1 0 ALL F You can use any combination of upper- and lowercase letters for wordF responses. Word responses can be abbreviated to one or more lettersF (for example, T, TR, or TRU for TRUE). Affirmative answers are YES,F TRUE, and 1. Negative answers are NO, FALSE, 0, and . QUIT orF indicates that you wa;nt to stop processing the command atF that point. When you respond with ALL, the command continues toF process, but no further prompts are given. If you type a responseC other than one of those in the list, the prompt will be reissued./CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY /NOCONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRYB Sets or resets the 'CONTIGUOUS_BEST_TRY' bit in the file header./CREATION_DATE /CREATION_DATE=date /NOCREATION_DATEF Controls whether a new creation date is < assigned to the specifiedF files. Specify the date according to the rules described in ChapterF 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords areF allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. UseE of this qualifier requires ownership of the file or access control. /DIRECTORY /DIRECTORY /NODIRECTORYF Sets or resets the directory attribute of a file. This qualifierF allows you to set the directory bit of a file which was mistaking=lyF reset by the 'SET FILE/NODIRECTORY' command. If it is done on a non-F directory file, then access to that directory will give a 'BADIRECTORY' error./EBLOCK /EBLOCK[=block]F This qualifier will reset the end-of-file mark to the highest blockF allocated if no block has been specified. Otherwise the end-of-file* mark will be set to the specified block./EBYTE /EBYTE[=byte]D This qualifier will set the end-of-file byte mark to the highestD byte if it > has not been specified. Otherwise the end-of-file byte) mark will be set to the specified byte./EXPIRATION_DATE /EXPIRATION_DATE=date /NOEXPIRATION_DATEF Controls whether an expiration date is assigned to the specifiedF files. Specify the date according to the rules described in ChapterF 1 of the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. Absolute date keywords areF allowed. If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. UseE of this qualifier requires ownership of the ?file or access control./IDENT /IDENT=identifier or uic@ Modifies the file-owner. This command can also be used on open= files (such as INDEXF.SYS). /IDENT cannot be combined with /OWNER_UIC/IGNORE  /IGNORE=INTERLOCK= Set the file attributes even if the file is open or locked./LOCKED /LOCKED /NOLOCKEDF This qualifier will lock a file for future use. Nothing else canF then be done with the file, until it is unlocked (which can also be% done w@ith the VMS 'UNLOCK' command./LOG /LOG (default) /NOLOG B Controls whether the SET command displays the file specification. of each file after the modification is made./MAXREC /MAXREC=recordD Sets a new value for the maximum record number in the file header./NOMOVE /NOMOVE /NONOMOVE- Disables or enables the MoveFile attribute. /ORGANIZATION /ORGANIZATION=keywordF The following keywords are used as parameters for the ORGANIZATION6 qualifAier: DIRECT, INDEXED, RELATIVE and SEQUENTIAL.F This will allow you to modify the file organization type in the fileF header. Of course this won't change the real organization of the file. /OWNER_UIC /OWNER_UIC=uic or identifier@ Modifies the file-owner. This command can also be used on open< files (such as INDEXF.SYS). /OWNER_UIC can not be combined with /IDENT./RECATTRIBUTES /RECATTRIBUTES=keywordF The following keywords are used as parameters B for theD RECATTRIBUTES qualifier: NONE, FORTRAN, IMPLIED, PRINT and NOSPAN.F This will allow you to modify the file's record attributes in the file header.F NONE, FORTRAN, IMPLIED and PRINT are mutually exclusive, but can be" used in combination with NOSPAN.F When NOSPAN is omitted SPAN is assumed (the default is to allow% records to cross block boundaries)./RECSIZE /RECSIZE=size: Sets a new value for the record size in the file header./RECTYPE /RECCTYPE=keywordF The following keywords are used as parameters for the RECTYPEF qualifier: FIXED, STREAM, STREAMCR, STREAMLF, UNDEFINED, VARIABLE and VFC.F This will allow you to modify the file's record type in the file header./REVISION_DATE /REVISION_DATE=date /NOREVISION_DATEF Controls whether a revision date is assigned to the specified files.F Specify the date according to the rules described in Chapter 1 ofF the VMS DCL Concepts Manual. AbsoDlute date keywords are allowed.F If you specify 0 as the date, today's date is used. Use of this= qualifier requires ownership of the file or access control./RVCOUNT /RVCOUNT=count= Sets a new value for the revision count in the file header./UPDATE /UPDATE /NOUPDATE (default)F Normally the file's revision date will be updated after anyB modification to it. SET however disables this update (otherwiseF the REVISION date could not be set). Specify tEhis qualifier if you' want the revision date to be updated./VFCSIZE /VFCSIZE=sizeF Sets a new value for the VFC size in the file header. This value- will only be used with the VFC record type.2 SPAWN=Spawns a subprocess. In SMG mode the key also performs aSPAWN command. 2 UNDELETEDThe Undelete command recovers deleted files. It is done as safely asEpossible. If undelete discovers that the file header or blocks of the>deleted file have been reused, the undelet Fe process will stop.IThe /FILE, /IDENTIFIER or /OWNER qualifier can be used to select specificHfiles. The /LIST qualifier can be used to generate a list of recoverable(files without actually undeleting files.EIf a matching filename is found undelete will ask for a confirmation Abefore undeleting the file. Multiple files can be undeleted with Djust one UNDELETE command. After a succesful undelete the file will :be entered in the original directory if possible or in the[SYSLOST] directory.GANOTE: The volume (set) will be locked for other users during the 5undelete command unless the /LIST qualifier is used. Syntax:  UNDELETE /Qualifiers 3 Qualifiers/IDENT=identifier? Select file by identifier. This qualifier cannot be used in  conjunction with /OWNER./FILE=I Select file by filename. Wildcards may be used in the filename. If theA /FILE qualifier is omitted DFU will use *.*;* as the filename./LIST(=output_file)D H Generate a list of recoverable files. This command will not lock . the volume, and will not undelete any file./MARKED( Select only files marked for delete. /OWNER=J Select file by owner uic. This qualifier cannot be used in conjunction  with /IDENT. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether cpu and I/O consumption of the command are shown.2 UsageAYou can start DFU with the DCL command : $Run DFU, or by defining1a sy Imbol for DFU to use DFU as a foreign command: $ DFU == "$disk:[dir]DFU"AIf you enter DFU without commands , DFU enters at the DFU> prompt<and awaits your command(s). Leave DFU with EXIT (or CTRL/Z).DIf you enter DFU with command line parameters, DFU will just process'this single command and return to DCL. 2 VERIFYAThe Verify option provides a function equivalent to ANALYZE/DISK,Gbut many times faster. Verify will report files with invalid backlinks,Ilost files, and blocks which aJre allocated by more than 1 file. Also the BBITMAP and QUOTA files are checked. The /FIX qualifier allows someEbasic repair actions without locking the disk. The /REBUILD qualifier?will rebuild INDEXF.SYS, BITMAP.SYS and QUOTA.SYS if necessary.ANote that /REBUILD will lock the disk for a short period of time.Syntax :5 VERIFY (/OUTPUT=/LOCK/FIX/REBUILD) 3 Qualifiers/APPEND /APPEND=filename: Same as /OUTPUT, but the output will be appended to the7 file Kif it already exists. Thus output from multiple3 DFU commands can be put in the same output file.2 If the file does not exists it will be created./DIRECTORY_SCAN? This optional qualifier directs DFU to make a full directory; scan. This allows better detection of some cases of lost: files, and detection of some directory corruptions. Use /FIX to repair such errors.: Warning: using /DIRECTORY_SCAN can take several minutes/FIX /FIX /NOFIX (default)/ TLhis qualifier repairs the following errors: $ o Deletes files marked for delete2 o Moves lost files and directories to [SYSLOST]> o Repairs a wrong backlink for VMS$COMMON.DIR (system disk)- The /FIX qualifier does not lock the disk!/LOCK /LOCK /NOLOCK (default)H Locks the volume for allocation. To get a consistent view of the diskG you must stall all allocation changes of the disk. Otherwise VERIFY I may report errors which are caused by concurrent disk aMctivity during H execution of the VERIFY command. Trade off is that the disk is locked* for the duration of the VERIFY command./OUTPUT. Redirects the output from verify to a file./REBUILD /REBUILD /NOREBUILD (default)= This qualifier repairs structure errors and mismatches in ; INDEXF.SYS, BITMAP.SYS and QUOTA.SYS. Note that /REBUILD4 will temporarily lock the device for other users. /STATISTICS /STATISTICS /NOSTATISTICS (default)2 Controls whether cpu and I/O consumption of the command are shown.ww